DE922810C - Suspension for vehicles, especially road vehicles - Google Patents

Suspension for vehicles, especially road vehicles

Info

Publication number
DE922810C
DE922810C DES31401A DES0031401A DE922810C DE 922810 C DE922810 C DE 922810C DE S31401 A DES31401 A DE S31401A DE S0031401 A DES0031401 A DE S0031401A DE 922810 C DE922810 C DE 922810C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
suspension
vehicles
spring
suspension according
car body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DES31401A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Konrad Truemper
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siegener Eisenbahnbedarf AG
Original Assignee
Siegener Eisenbahnbedarf AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siegener Eisenbahnbedarf AG filed Critical Siegener Eisenbahnbedarf AG
Priority to DES31401A priority Critical patent/DE922810C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE922810C publication Critical patent/DE922810C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/02Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means
    • B60G17/04Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means fluid spring characteristics
    • B60G17/0416Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means fluid spring characteristics regulated by varying the resiliency of hydropneumatic suspensions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/02Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means
    • B60G17/04Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means fluid spring characteristics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2500/00Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
    • B60G2500/02Supply or exhaust flow rates; Pump operation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2500/00Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
    • B60G2500/20Spring action or springs
    • B60G2500/206Variable pressure accumulators for hydropneumatic suspensions

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Description

Progressiv wirkende Federungen, die den Zweck haben, eine möglichst gleichmäßige Federung unabhängig von dem Gewicht der Ladung zu erreichen, sind bekannt. Da bei mechanischen Federungen die zur Erzielung der Progressivität notwendigen Zusatzmittel zum Zu- und Abschalten von Federelementen die Federung komplizieren und schadensanfällig machen und außerdem stark verteuern, hat man schon versucht, Luft als Federelement zu verwenden. Auch eine Kombination von Gummi und Luft als Federelemente ist bereits bekannt; so besteht z. B. jeder Autoreifen aus diesen Federelementen. Doch immer werden die beiden Federelemente, soweit sie gleichzeitig zur Wirkung kommen, in dem gleichen Maße zusammengedrückt, d. h. sie haben gleiche Durchfederung. Bei großen Federwegen wirkt sich dieses deshalb nachteilig aus, weil bei zwei verschiedenartigen Federungsmitteln mit gleichen Durchfederungswegen, gleichgültig ob es sich um kombinierte Luft-Gummi-Federung oder zwei mechanische Federn verschiedener Charakteristik handelt, die gesamte Charakteristik überwiegend durch die härtere Federung bestimmt wird.Progressively acting suspensions, which have the purpose of independent suspension that is as uniform as possible on the weight of the cargo are known. As with mechanical suspensions the one to achieve progressivity The necessary additional means for connecting and disconnecting spring elements complicate the suspension and Attempts have already been made to use air as a spring element to make them susceptible to damage and also make them much more expensive to use. A combination of rubber and air as spring elements is already known; so z. B. every car tire from these spring elements. But the two always will Spring elements, as far as they come into effect at the same time, compressed to the same extent, d. H. they have the same deflection. This is therefore disadvantageous in the case of large spring deflections off, because in the case of two different types of suspension means with the same deflection travel, it does not matter whether it is a combined air-rubber suspension or two different mechanical springs Characteristic acts, the entire characteristic predominantly through the harder one Suspension is determined.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, über den Gesamtfederweg eine gleichbleibende Eigenschwingungszahl zu erreichen. Dies setzt voraus, daß das Verhältnis von Gewicht des Fahrzeuges zur Durchfederung pro Gewichtszunahme konstant bleibt, was bei üblicher und praktisch möglicher Dimensionierung der gegebenen und unveränderbaren verschiedenartigen Federungsmittel nicht möglich ist wegen den beiden Federungsmitteln aufgezwungenen gleichen Durchfederungswegen.The invention is based on the object of maintaining a constant natural frequency over the total spring travel to reach. This assumes that the ratio of the weight of the vehicle to Suspension per weight increase remains constant, which is possible with usual and practically possible Dimensioning of the given and unchangeable different types of suspension means is not is possible because of the same deflection paths imposed on the two suspension means.

Die Erfindung schlägt für eine Fahrzeugfederung mittels gleichzeitig wirkender Luftfederung und Festkörperfederung vor, die beiden Federungsteile derart auszubilden, daß sie entsprechend der vorwiegend hyperbolischen Luftfederkennlinie für den Luftfederteil und einer annähernd linearen Kennlinie für den Festkörperfederteil gleichzeitig mit voneinander unterschiedlichen Federungswegen zur Wirkung kommen.The invention proposes for a vehicle suspension by means of simultaneously acting air suspension and Solid-state suspension before to train the two suspension parts in such a way that they correspond to the predominantly hyperbolic air spring characteristic curve for the air spring part and an approximately linear characteristic curve for the solid-state spring part at the same time different suspension paths come into effect.

Man könnte den Raddruck mechanisch mittels Hebelgestänge auf die beiden Federungsteile übertragen, jedoch sind zur Ausnutzung der Vorteile der Federung nach der Erfindung große Federwege erforderlich, die mittels Gestängeübertragung nicht zu ermöglichen sind. Die Erfindung schlägt deshalb hydraulische Übertragung vor.The wheel pressure could be transmitted mechanically to the two suspension parts by means of a lever linkage, however, in order to utilize the advantages of the suspension according to the invention, large spring deflections are required required, which cannot be made possible by means of linkage transmission. The invention therefore proposes hydraulic transmission in front.

Durch verschieden große Beaufschlagungsflächen der auf die verschiedenartigen Federungsmittel wirkenden Kolben ist eine gegenseitige Abstimmung der Federungsteile erleichtert.Due to differently sized impact areas the piston acting on the various spring means is a mutual coordination the suspension parts made easier.

Durch erfindungsgemäße Änderung des Volumens des Übertragungsmittels hat man es in der Hand, die Höhenlage des Fahrzeugkastens zu ändern, insbesondere die Höhenlage für verschieden große Beladungen konstant zu halten, zu welchem Zweck vorteilhafterweise ein Steuerorgan vorgesehen ist, welches den Zu- und Ablauf des Übertragungsmittels in Abhängigkeit von der Höhenlage steuert. By changing the volume according to the invention of the transmission means you have it in hand to change the height of the vehicle body, in particular to keep the altitude constant for loads of different sizes, for what purpose A control member is advantageously provided which controls the inflow and outflow of the transmission medium as a function of the altitude.

Nachstehend sei die Erfindung an dem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Beispiel erläutert: Mit ι ist der Wagenkasten bezeichnet, 2 ist das Rad. Zwischen beiden wirkt die Federung. Die vertikale Radbewegung wird auf den Kolben 3 übertragen, dessen Zylinder 4 über die Rohrleitung 5 mit dem geschlossenen Gefäß 6 und dem nach oben offenen Gefäß 7 in Verbindung steht. Oberhalb des Druckflüssigkeitsspiegels befindet sich unter Zwischenschaltung der Kolbenscheibe 8 in dem Gefäß 6 vorgespannte Luft 9 als Federungsmittel. In dem Gefäß 7 ist über dem Flüssigkeitsspiegel die Kolbenscheibe 10 angeordnet, die unter der Wirkung einer. Tellerfederung 11 steht. Man kann die Tellerfederung bzw. die Luftfederung so einrichten, daß beide Federmittel von Anfang an wirksam sind. Es ist selbstverständlich möglich, eines der Federmittel, also insbesondere die Tellerfederung, mit Verzögerung zur Einwirkung kommen zu lassen.The invention is explained below using the example shown in the drawing: With ι the car body is designated, 2 is the wheel. The suspension acts between the two. The vertical Wheel movement is transmitted to the piston 3, the cylinder 4 of which via the pipe 5 with the closed vessel 6 and the upwardly open vessel 7 is in communication. Above the hydraulic fluid level is located with the interposition of the piston disk 8 in the vessel 6 prestressed Air 9 as a suspension means. In the vessel 7 is the piston disk above the liquid level 10 arranged under the action of a. Disk suspension 11 is standing. You can use the disc suspension or set up the air suspension so that both spring means are effective from the start. It it is of course possible to use one of the spring means, in particular the disc suspension, with a delay to have an effect.

An die Rohrleitung 5 ist über die Rohrleitungen 12, 13, 14 unter Zwischenschaltung des Schieberkolbens 15 eine Flüssigkeitspumpe 16 am Pumpensumpf angeschlossen. Der Schieberkolben 15 wird gesteuert über den Hebelarm 17, dessen Bewegung die Höhenänderung des Wagenkastens 1 gegenüber dem Rade 2 wiedergibt und den Schieberkolben 15 entsprechend verschiebt, so daß der Durchfluß von der Pumpe zum Federüngssystem gesperrt sein kann, auf Druckflüssigkeitszulauf geschaltet sein kann oder auf Ablauf der Flüssigkeit aus dem Federungssystem in den Pumpensumpf, je nachdem die Bohrungen 18 und 19 zu den Leitungen 14 und infolge der Bewegung des Hebelarmes 17 stehen.To the pipeline 5 is via the pipelines 12, 13, 14 with the interposition of the slide piston 15 a liquid pump 16 at the pump sump connected. The slide piston 15 is controlled via the lever arm 17, the movement of which the change in height of the car body 1 with respect to the wheel 2 and the slide piston 15 shifts accordingly, so that the flow from the pump to the suspension system can be blocked can, can be switched to the hydraulic fluid inlet or to the drainage of the fluid from the Suspension system in the pump sump, depending on the holes 18 and 19 to the lines 14 and stand due to the movement of the lever arm 17.

Claims (5)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE:PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Federung für Fahrzeuge, insbesondere Straßenfahrzeuge, mittels gleichzeitiger Abfederung durch Luft- und mechanische Federkörper als Federungsmittel, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die verschiedenartigen Federungsmittel gleichzeitig voneinander unterschiedliche Federungswege durchlaufen.1. Suspension for vehicles, especially road vehicles, by means of simultaneous cushioning by air and mechanical spring bodies as spring means, characterized in that that the different types of suspension means are simultaneously different from one another Run through suspension travel. 2. Federung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druck der Räder hydraulisch auf die diesen zugeordneten verschiedenartigen Federungsmittel gemeinsam übertragen wird.2. Suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that that the pressure of the wheels is hydraulically applied to the various associated with them Suspension means is transmitted together. 3. Federung nach Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die von den Übertragungsmitteln beaufschlagten, auf die Federungsmittel einwirkenden Kolben unterschiedliehe Beaufschlagungsflächen aufweisen.3. Suspension according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the transmission means acted on the piston acting on the spring means differently Have impact surfaces. 4. Federung nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Volumen des Druckübertragungsmittels während der Durchfederung veränderbar ist.4. Suspension according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the volume of the pressure transmission medium can be changed during the deflection. 5. Federung nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet durch ein Steuerorgan, welches den Zu-5. Suspension according to claims 1 to 4, characterized by a control organ that controls the - und Ablauf der Übertragungsflüssigkeit in Abhängigkeit von der Höhenlage des Wagenkastens auf Einhaltung gleichbleibender Wagenkastenhöhe steuert.- and drainage of the transmission fluid as a function from the height of the car body to maintain a constant car body height controls. Angezogene Druckschriften:
Britische Patentschriften Nr. 524 287, 533 190.
Referred publications:
British Patent Nos. 524 287, 533 190.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings 1 9583 1. SS 1 9583 1st SS
DES31401A 1952-12-08 1952-12-09 Suspension for vehicles, especially road vehicles Expired DE922810C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DES31401A DE922810C (en) 1952-12-08 1952-12-09 Suspension for vehicles, especially road vehicles

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE769560X 1952-12-08
DES31401A DE922810C (en) 1952-12-08 1952-12-09 Suspension for vehicles, especially road vehicles
DE2885202X 1953-05-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE922810C true DE922810C (en) 1955-01-24

Family

ID=32397394

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DES31401A Expired DE922810C (en) 1952-12-08 1952-12-09 Suspension for vehicles, especially road vehicles

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE922810C (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1009217B (en) * 1955-05-10 1957-05-29 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Support of the car body on bogies of a rail vehicle
DE1043103B (en) * 1956-02-14 1958-11-06 Ernst Adolf Sitte Hydropneumatic suspension with automatic load balancing for vehicles, especially motor vehicles
DE972828C (en) * 1955-05-13 1959-10-01 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Control device for a gas suspension of vehicles
DE1129845B (en) * 1959-02-26 1962-05-17 Boge Gmbh Load-dependent hydro-pneumatic suspension with switchable and disconnectable, spring work generating housings, especially for motor vehicles
DE1132577B (en) * 1956-04-03 1962-07-05 Licentia Gmbh Hollow shaft drive for vehicles, especially rail vehicles
DE1153640B (en) * 1957-02-23 1963-08-29 Armstrong Patents Co Ltd Hydropneumatic suspension unit for vehicles
DE1157940B (en) * 1956-10-23 1963-11-21 Jonas Woodhead & Sons Ltd Cushioning device for vehicles, in particular road vehicles
DE1172550B (en) * 1955-07-21 1964-06-18 Moulton Development Ltd Vehicle suspension
DE1235157B (en) * 1961-01-14 1967-02-23 Frieseke & Hoepfner Gmbh Hydropneumatic suspension unit for the wheels of heavy vehicles
DE1256091B (en) * 1955-05-10 1967-12-07 Pierre Ernest Mercier Vibration-damped suspension device, in particular for motor vehicles
US5749566A (en) * 1996-05-07 1998-05-12 Vitale; Ralph Self compensating fluid spring assembly

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB524287A (en) * 1938-02-21 1940-08-02 It Ptrelli Soc Improvements in or relating to resilient suspensions for vehicles, more particularlyroad vehicles
GB533190A (en) * 1938-10-17 1941-02-07 Pirelli Improvements in or relating to resilient suspensions for vehicles, more particularlyair vehicles

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB524287A (en) * 1938-02-21 1940-08-02 It Ptrelli Soc Improvements in or relating to resilient suspensions for vehicles, more particularlyroad vehicles
GB533190A (en) * 1938-10-17 1941-02-07 Pirelli Improvements in or relating to resilient suspensions for vehicles, more particularlyair vehicles

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1009217B (en) * 1955-05-10 1957-05-29 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Support of the car body on bogies of a rail vehicle
DE1256091B (en) * 1955-05-10 1967-12-07 Pierre Ernest Mercier Vibration-damped suspension device, in particular for motor vehicles
DE972828C (en) * 1955-05-13 1959-10-01 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Control device for a gas suspension of vehicles
DE1172550B (en) * 1955-07-21 1964-06-18 Moulton Development Ltd Vehicle suspension
DE1043103B (en) * 1956-02-14 1958-11-06 Ernst Adolf Sitte Hydropneumatic suspension with automatic load balancing for vehicles, especially motor vehicles
DE1132577B (en) * 1956-04-03 1962-07-05 Licentia Gmbh Hollow shaft drive for vehicles, especially rail vehicles
DE1157940B (en) * 1956-10-23 1963-11-21 Jonas Woodhead & Sons Ltd Cushioning device for vehicles, in particular road vehicles
DE1153640B (en) * 1957-02-23 1963-08-29 Armstrong Patents Co Ltd Hydropneumatic suspension unit for vehicles
DE1129845B (en) * 1959-02-26 1962-05-17 Boge Gmbh Load-dependent hydro-pneumatic suspension with switchable and disconnectable, spring work generating housings, especially for motor vehicles
DE1235157B (en) * 1961-01-14 1967-02-23 Frieseke & Hoepfner Gmbh Hydropneumatic suspension unit for the wheels of heavy vehicles
US5749566A (en) * 1996-05-07 1998-05-12 Vitale; Ralph Self compensating fluid spring assembly

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