DE922583C - Method and device for laying face lifting equipment and / or face building components - Google Patents

Description

Method and device for laying face conveyors and / or Longwall components The invention relates to a method and a device for Laying of face conveyors and / or face construction components, especially in connection with z. B. plane-like working mining machines or devices, by means of the length of the longwall pressure cylinder arranged in a distributed manner, which according to the progression of dismantling move the conveyor and / or dismantling in whole or in part. According to an older, not yet state of the art proposal is provided, that the during the working stroke by a locking mechanism, z. B. ratchet, detained Part of the device (cylinder or piston rod) through after the end of the working stroke subsequent application of compressed air again in the working position for the next stroke is brought and that the locking mechanism at one of the length of two or more times Stroke corresponding extension of the respectively held part of the device attacks, which od with notches, ratchet teeth, bolts, the like. Is equipped, which in the stroke length corresponding distances are arranged. In this way, the The effect is that the cylinder automatically follows the advance of the conveyor or the dismantling follows gradually, to the extent that the length of the guide allows this.

Another proposal for, which is not the subject of the invention such an automatic advancement of the sliding cylinder consists in this Cylinders a vertical, can be braced between what is lying and hanging To arrange stamp, in particular in the form of a compressed air cylinder, which during of Working stroke is clamped and the abutment for the feed cylinder forms, while he - on the return stroke after previous relief from the then see in Idle stroke forward moving part of the device into the new working position. taken away will.

The invention. now relates to a method and apparatus which is intended in particular for such automatically advancing cylinders, wherein it does not matter by what means this advance is effected. In the Device according to the older proposal is provided that the feed cylinder is equipped with a control, which automatically after the end of the working stroke one side of the cylinder is vented and compressed air is applied to the other; and -Although in such a way that the device only covers one working stroke and one return stroke, being the length of the strut. distributed with respect to the feed cylinder of the connection to the compressed air line are connected in parallel or in series. According to another embodiment of the prior invention, the cylinders are said to be of this type. are connected to each other by compressed air lines that the following The cylinder then pressurizes it with compressed air for the working stroke and / or return stroke receives when the previous cylinder has completed its working stroke and / or return stroke or has essentially traveled.

The method according to the also starts from the idea that every cylinder is automatically stopped after a working and return stroke. Here uses the Method according to the invention cylinder controls in which in per se known Way through at least one control body alternately with both cylinder sides Pressure medium can be applied or vented. While now with the known cylinder controls of this type the working cycle of the control body and thus also of the piston itself uninterrupted sequence up to the blocking of the propellant is repeated according to the method according to the invention, the control member in each case in the return stroke of the Cylinder corresponding position by one of the piston at the end of the working stroke or during the return stroke controlled pressure = difference recorded, which for Initiation of a new work cycle only at a desired later point in time by a manually operated or automatically, in particular as a function of the position of the dismantling device, controlled special switching element in the direction is reversed.

Such a procedure can be used to perform the desired working method Use of relatively simple controls _and both for parallel connection as well as connecting the cylinders one behind the other.

The switching element itself kalin as well as the cylinder controls in be designed and arranged in different ways: It is easiest if several, preferably all, cylinders of the longwall face from a common damage member being controlled. - - - When the cylinders are connected in parallel, the result is a simple one Embodiment; where only a single face pipe is required if all Cylinder through branch lines connected in parallel to a continuous faceline are connected, with the cylinder controls at least at one end of the face line associated switching element is provided.

If you want to connect several or all cylinders in series, so it is useful if the Streblei.tung equipped with the additional switching element the control housing of the individual cylinders directly or indirectly via the cylinder connects to each other, the connecting lines from the cylinder control or the working piston are controlled that the drive means only during the return stroke or a part of it flows over to the respective following cylinder.

The switching element assigned to the cylinder controls can be controlled by a Three-way cock or the like. Be formed, which is arranged at the end of the face pipe is and alternately the reversal of the pressure difference by venting the. Supply line when closing off the other end of the same and re-impacting the face pipe with driving means to initiate the next work cycle of the cylinder controls.

It is also possible to design the control so that the sequence of operations of the cylinders connected in series simply by changing the direction of flow of the propellant in the face pipe is reversed. To this end, according to the invention one connecting the pressure medium lines laid in the two mining sections Face line at least at one end with a switching element, in particular a three-way valve Od. Like. Equipped at the other end with a shut-off device and should be in the area the cylinder controls or the cylinders with the activation of non-return valves forks. Of course, instead of at .einem end of the face line provided simple shut-off also a switching element, so z. B. a three-way cock or the like., Use. .

A simple and reliable cylinder control for the process according to the invention results from the use of a. Step valve, which by a constantly acting load, e.g. B. spring or compressed air in which the working stroke of the cylinder is held in the appropriate position and by means of the end of this stroke a slide extension protruding into the front 'cylinder chamber is reversed by the piston becomes, while after initiation or at the end of this control process the step area undergoes pressurization of compressed air that overcomes the constantly acting load, -which holds the slide in this position even after the piston return stroke has ended, until the step area is relieved by the associated switching element.

The pressure difference holding the control element in the return stroke position can in different, at produced and maintained in a known manner become, as well as the reversal of the control member itself in any known Way can be done. The control element of the cylinder can therefore also be used in both directions non-positive, e.g. B. can be reversed by applying compressed air. The pressure difference can by unilateral loading of one or more surfaces of the control member, z. B. with compressed air, or by different strong loads on the slide in opposite directions Directions are generated, reversing the pressure difference by switching off the load on one or more of these areas or by adding another Load can occur, d. H. it can be used for reversing the pressure difference both the principle of relief as well as the principle of overpressure can be applied. Both Control types are known per se. Both slide valves and valves or combinations of both can also be used.

The method and apparatus according to the invention are for displacement of any type of face conveyor, e.g. B. scraper conveyors, applicable; also can Expansion parts, e.g. B. in the form of walls, through the .Verfahren and the devices according to the invention, following the displacement, moved or tightened. So far it is an extension part that is on the side of the offset or the breakline are facing, it is conceivable that these parts simultaneously with the advancement of the To tighten the conveyor through the cylinders. In doing so, the piston rod is expedient Lead out of the cylinder on both sides and remove the extension parts in a suitable manner connect to this piston rod.

Of course you can also use the cylinder together with Advance the conveyor with parts that are somehow connected to the conveyor are, for example, carry the conveyor or are carried by the conveyor. At Such a combination of conveyors and extension parts is known.

The distance between the cylinders can be different, e.g. B. 5 m can be selected.

In the drawing, the subject of the invention is different Embodiments shown.

Figure i is a plan view of a piston degradation crab using a plane-type mining equipment; Fing. Figure 2 is a cross-section on line A-A of Figure i ; 3 shows the same cross section, but after the conveyor has been displaced by one field width, the conveyor being relocated as a whole; Fig. q., 5 and 6 relate to a type of application corresponding to FIGS The difference is that here the conveyor is shifted one shot at a time; Fig. 7 to 9 represent three cylinders next to each other at the beginning and end of the working stroke and at the End of the return stroke with parallel connection: Fig. Io and i i show a larger Scale the slide control used in FIG. 9 in the two end positions; FIGS. 12 to 15 illustrate the connection in series in two exemplary embodiments the cylinder ; 16 to 20 show a similar circuit but an inversion the working sequence of the cylinders allows; Fig.2i schematically illustrates the Series connection of the cylinders.

As shown in FIGS. I to 6, the dismantling device designed as a planer is used i by means of pulling cables 2 attached to it on both sides of the ones in the line Reels 3 moved back and forth on the joint, with the peeled coal on the conveyor d. is abandoned. A number of cylinders 5 are distributed over the length of the face, the face line 6 connected to the main drive means line with one another are connected. After the plane i has passed, the conveyor d. by _ the Cylinder 5 shifted by peeling depth, either according to FIGS. I to 3, the shift as a whole or as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, each shot immediately behind the plane going on.

The piston rod 811 is firmly connected to a U-shaped slide 8, which in turn can slide in a housing 8b fastened on the horizontal plane. This attachment can be done by stamping. The carriage 8 has strip-shaped stops 8c, which are arranged in the stroke length of the cylinder approximately corresponding distances; for example, the length of the slide can be chosen so that six to eight stops 8c can be attached. In the illustrated plane-like dismantling device, the hub can, for. B. 300 mm.

The pawl 7 is rotatably mounted in the housing 8b. The lock works in the following way: Should the conveyor be moved in the direction of the working face compressed air is introduced into the cylinder chamber facing the conveyor. In this position. the backward movement of the piston through the locking mechanism 7, 8c prevents so that the cylinder in the direction of the coal face to in his End position must move, whereby the conveyor is moved by the desired amount. So there is a relative movement between the cylinder and piston, with the Piston assumes its rear end position facing the offset joint. Now arrived Compressed air to the other cylinder side, while the previously pressurized one is exhausted will. Since the resistance of the piston and the slide attached to it in relation to the resistance of the conveyor is small, the piston now moves in the direction on the mining thrust, a movement that is not prevented by the locking mechanism, and pulls the slide 8 attached to the piston rod by the stroke length. This work cycle takes place in the next working cycle of the coal plow the cylinder all over again. The cylinders can do all of them simultaneously work (Fig. i to 3) or one after the other, so that a relocation of the conveyor shot by shot or in groups of shots results (Fig.3 to. 6).

While in the illustrated embodiment, the cylinder with the conveyor is releasably connected and the piston rod is provided with the bars Carrying carriage 8, the other way round can also attack the piston rod on the conveyor.

Referring now to Figures 7-21, there are various controls and circuits shown for the cylinder. For the sake of simplicity, in all of these exemplary embodiments made the assumption that the cylinder is stationary on the working stroke and the piston emotional.

7 to 9 illustrate the arrangement when connected in parallel the individual cylinder 5. At the beginning of the face pipe 6 is for example a three-way cock g. In the position shown in Fig. 7 the same flows Compressed air into the face pipe 6 and from there to the cylinders 5 attached Control housings io, specifically via the lines I I- Fig. 7 connected in parallel shows the position of the slides and pistons at the beginning of the working stroke, FIG. 8 at the end of the working stroke and Fig. 9 at the end of the return stroke and the already means of the three-way valve7 made relief of the slide.

The way in which the in r ig. 7 to 9 used as an exemplary embodiment Step valve is illustrated by Fig. Io and i i. In the lower slide position According to Fig. IO, the compressed air flows through the channels 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 in the rear Cylinder space and acts on the piston 16 in the sense of the working stroke, up to against the end of which the slide 17 by means of the protruding into the front cylinder space Slide extension 18 pushed by the piston into the position shown in Fig. Ii is, with a 'constant load exerting on the slide and the starting position of the slide causing spring ig is compressed. Channel 12 now owns there is no longer any connection with the supply channel i i, but the compressed air is now flowing via the channels 20 and 21 in the front cylinder space and. forces the piston 16 to the return stroke.

The cylinder spaces that are not pressurized are vented alternately via channels 21, 24 and 25 on the working stroke or 15, 14, 13, 12 and 25 on the return stroke.

During the movement of the slide 17 into the end position according to FIG i the groove 22 has been exposed, via the compressed air under the step surface 23 flows. The force caused by this outweighs the spring pressure, so that the Slide due to the corresponding pressure difference even after completion of the piston return stroke is held in the position shown in Fig. i i. Only when the three-way stopcock 9 is brought into the position shown in FIG. 9, venting of the face pipe occurs 6 and thus also the step surface 23, i. H. there is a reversal of what has been mentioned Pressure difference instead, so that the slide 17 by the spring ig in the starting position according to Fig. 7 or io is pushed back.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show a control scheme similar to that of FIGS. but with the difference that here a connecting line 26 to the next one Cylinder directly to the control housing io of the neighboring cylinder or to the for front cylinder chamber leading channels 2o and 21 is connected. The one behind the other Cylinders 5 therefore do not each have a feed line ii to the face line, as in FIGS. 7 to 9 6, but only the first, while the cylinders behind the compressed air is fed through the connecting lines 26, namely, as can be seen from Fig. 13, at the beginning of the return stroke of the preceding cylinder.

14 and 15 show a modification compared to FIGS. 12 and 13 in that the compressed air supply from the neighboring cylinder only takes place when the piston has covered the return stroke in whole or in part. For this purpose, the cylinder is provided with a channel 27 at the appropriate point, which leads to the connecting line 28 to the neighboring cylinder. At the junction a step valve 29 is arranged, the rear surface 30 of which is acted upon by compressed air via the dispensing line 31 connected to the supply line 14 for the working stroke, so that this valve is closed during the working stroke. As soon as the channel 27 is exposed during the return stroke, the step valve 2g is pushed against the action of the spring load into the position shown in FIG. 15, since the area 3o is relieved via the dispensing line 31.

16 and 17 show a further embodiment of the design according to FIGS. 12 and 13, namely for a changing sequence of operations of the cylinders in the mining strut, ie the one who last carried out displacement work when the planer passed should be effective again when the planer goes down will. In the direction of flow indicated by the solid arrows, the compressed air reaches the control housing in the slide position according to FIG. 16 via channel 32, the non-return valve 135 and channel 34 and from there via channels 12, 13, 14 and 15 to the rear cylinder chamber. After the reversal to the position according to FIG. 17, the valve 35 closes and the compressed air flows with the non-return valve 35 'closed via the channels 33' and 32 'to the neighboring cylinder. At the same time, the compressed air reaches the front cylinder chamber via channels 20 and 21 and pushes the piston back into its starting position. In the reverse flow direction, which is indicated by the dashed arrow, the non-return valve 35 'opens in the slide position according to FIG. 16, whereby the path of the compressed air to the rear cylinder chamber is released. At the same time, the channel 33 'is closed by the slide 17 and the channel 34 by the non-return valve 35. In the return stroke position according to FIG. 17, with the opening of the channel 33 ', the compressed air passes directly into the channels 33 and 32 and from there to the neighboring cylinder, while the two check valves 35' and 35 are closed. It follows from the above that the face line 6 or the adjoining channel ii, 32 forks into the channels 33 and 34 in the area of the cylinder controls. Likewise, the channel 6, 11 ', 32' forks into the branches 33 'and 3q.'. This bifurcation enables the described reversal of the working sequence of the cylinders only by changing the direction of flow of the propellant in the line 6.

In FIG. 18 is a cross section along line A-B of FIG. 17 a representation is given of how the groove 22 to enable the application , he step surface 23 towards the end of the slide movement from the working stroke to the return stroke of the Slide 17, d. H. to generate the slide after the end of a work cycle retaining pressure difference, is arranged.

FIGS. 19 and 20 show an arrangement corresponding to FIGS. 14 and 15, but with such a modification that here, too, a reversal of the working sequence of the cylinders by changing the direction of flow in the face pipe 6 is possible. The designations here are the same as in FIGS. 14 and 15 or 16 and 17. The respective direction of flow is again indicated by solid and dashed arrows. During the working stroke in the flow direction according to the solid arrows, only the check valve 35 is open, while the check valve 35 'and the step valves 29 and 29' are closed. During the return stroke or after the channels 27 and are released. 27 'through the piston 16, as a result of the relief of the valve surfaces 30 and 3o', the connecting lines 32 and 32 'to the neighboring cylinder open.

When changing the direction of flow according to the dashed arrows the same game is repeated, the action of the check valves 35 and 35 'turns around.

Fi: g.2i illustrated on four cylinders 5a, 5b, 5 ', 5d schematically shows the series connection of all cylinders of a longwall. the Face line 6 is at both ends via a three-way valve 9 or 9 'to the mining line 36 or 36 'connected. The cylinder 5a is marked by the arrows Direction of flow of compressed air, working and return stroke completed, cylinder 5b is on the return stroke, the cylinder 5e has started the working stroke while the cylinder 5d is still at rest. The air flow in the control housings io is also indicated by arrows. At the opposite end of the face pipe 6 is a signaling device 37 'via the' three-way valve 9 ', e.g. B. a compressed air pipe, connected, so that after completion of the work cycle of the last cylinder 5d a signal sounds, possibly at the other end of the face line standing operator indicates that by turning the three-way valve 9 the venting of the face pipe 6 and thus the stepped surfaces 23 of the slide initiated can be. The slides are then pushed back into the starting position by springs i9, so that after switching on the compressed air supply either from the right or from on the left the work of the cylinders can begin again. The three-way valve 9 is also with a signaling device, e.g. B. a compressed air pipe 37 equipped. Of course Another acoustic signaling device can be used instead of the compressed air whistle or optical type. It would also be conceivable to go through the last cylinder Compressed air or to control the switching element electrically.

FIG. 21 shows how (in contrast to the relationships in the parallel connection according to Fig. 7 to 9) both series connection the cylinder controls are, as it were, switched into the face pipe.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Procedure for laying face-face conveyors and / or longwall components, especially in connection with z. B. trained like a plane Mining machines or devices, by means of which are arranged distributed over the length of the longwall face Pressure cylinder, which according to the progress of the degradation the conveyor and / or move the expansion in whole or in part, using cylinder controls, in which in a manner known per se both by at least one control body Cylinder sides alternately pressurized and vented «-earth, characterized in that for the purpose of stopping the cylinder after each one Working cycle (working stroke and return stroke) the control element (r7) in the return stroke of the Cylinder (5) corresponding position by one of the piston (i6) at the end of the working stroke or during the return stroke controlled pressure difference is held, which for Initiation of a new work cycle only at a desired later point in time by a manually operated or automatically, in particular depending on the position of the dismantling device (i), controlled special switching element (9) in the Direction is reversed. 2. Device for executing -the method according to claim i, characterized in that several, preferably all, cylinders of the longwall are controlled by a common switching element. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that all cylinders are connected by branch lines connected in parallel (TI) are connected to a continuous face line (6), with at least at one end of the face line the switching element assigned to the cylinder controls (9) is provided (Fig. 7 to 9). q .. device for carrying out the process according to claim i or following, characterized in that for the purpose of series connection several or all cylinders have the face line equipped with the additional switching element (9) (6) the control housing (io) of the individual cylinders directly or indirectly connects the cylinders to one another, the connecting lines (26, 28, 32) are controlled by the cylinder control or the working piston that the Driving means only during the return stroke or part of it to the respective following cylinder flows over (Fig. 12 to 21). 5. Device for executing the Method according to claim i or the following, characterized in that at the end of the Strebleitung (6) a three-way valve (9) or the like. Is arranged, which alternately the reversal of the pressure difference by venting the supply line when the other end of the same and the re-application of the face line with propellant the cylinder controls to initiate the next work cycle. 6. Device according to Claim 2, 4 or 5, characterized in that one of the two working sections laid pressure medium lines (36, 36 ') connecting the face line (6) at least at one end with a switching element (9; three-way valve or the like) and at the other end is equipped with a shut-off device (9 ') and is located in the area of the cylinder controls or the cylinder with the activation of check valves (35, 35 ') forks in such a way "that by reversing the direction of flow of the propellant in .der Strebleitung die The working sequence of the cylinders connected in series is reversed (Fig. 16 to 2o). 7. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim i, characterized in that that the cylinder control is formed by a stepped valve (17) which is through a constant load, e.g. B. spring (i9) and / or compressed air in which the Working stroke of the cylinder is held in the appropriate position and towards the end of this Stroke by means of a slide attachment protruding into the front cylinder space (18) is reversed by the piston (16), while after initiation or at the end .thieses Control process the step surface (23) overcoming the constantly acting load Pressurization of compressed air experiences which the slide (17) in this position also after Completion of the piston return stroke holds until through the associated switching element (9) the step surface (23) is relieved. B. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized characterized in that the next cylinder with its supply line (26) to the Return stroke duct (21) of the control housing of the preceding cylinder connected is (Figures 12, 13). 9. Device according to claims 4 and 6, characterized in that that the next following cylinder with its supply line (28) for the working stroke connected to the preceding cylinder at any height and in the supply line one under overpressure during the working stroke through a special dispensing line (31) and thereby closed, unloaded on one side during the return stroke through the same dispensing line and thereby opened check valve (29) is arranged (Fig. 14, 15). ok contraption according to claims 4 and 6, characterized in that each supply line (26, 6) to Adjacent cylinder with one opening into the control housing at the level of the compressed air inflow Branch line (34, 34 ') is provided and that the latter with a check valve (35, 35 ') is equipped, while the other branch line (32, 33, 32', 33 'or 27, 27 ') during the working stroke by the slide (17) or by one of the supply line to the working stroke from unilaterally loaded by a special dispensing line (34 31 ') Valve (29) kept closed, however, during or during part of the return stroke by moving the control element (17) or by relieving the valve (29) is open (Fig. 16 to 2o). i i. Device according to claim 4 or the following, characterized in that the switching element is arranged at the opposite end Signaling device, e.g. B. Air whistle (37 or 37 ') assigned to which of one of the last working, preferably the very last cylinder, namely is appropriately controlled by compressed air. 12. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim i when the cylinders are connected in series, characterized in that that the last cylinder in the work sequence at the end of the return stroke the switching element, z. B. by pressurized air controls. 13. The method according to claim i or following, characterized in that the feed cylinder in such a way with the rear Expansion elements are coupled that they are simultaneously with the advance of the conveyor and, if necessary, the extraction machine can be pulled.