DE911324C - Process for the production of artificial structures from polyvinyl chloride or copolymers of vinyl chloride - Google Patents
Process for the production of artificial structures from polyvinyl chloride or copolymers of vinyl chlorideInfo
- Publication number
- DE911324C DE911324C DEP52371A DEP0052371A DE911324C DE 911324 C DE911324 C DE 911324C DE P52371 A DEP52371 A DE P52371A DE P0052371 A DEP0052371 A DE P0052371A DE 911324 C DE911324 C DE 911324C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- copolymers
- polyvinyl chloride
- tetrahydrofuran
- production
- chloride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/09—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids
- C08J3/091—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids characterised by the chemical constitution of the organic liquid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/08—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Description
Es ist bekannt, Polyvinylchlorid in Tetrahydrofuran zu lösen und diese Lösung zu verspinnen. Jedoch ist das Lösungsvermögen von Tetrahydrofuran für Hochpolymere dieser Art zur Weiterverarbeitung, insbesondere zum Verspinnen, nicht ausreichend wegen der gallertartigen Beschaffenheit der Lösungen.It is known to dissolve polyvinyl chloride in tetrahydrofuran and to spin this solution. However, the solubility of tetrahydrofuran for high polymers of this type for further processing, especially for spinning, not sufficient because of the gelatinous nature of the solutions.
Man hat versucht, diesem Übelstand dadurch zu begegnen, daß man das Polyvinylchlorid vor demAttempts have been made to counteract this drawback by making the polyvinyl chloride before
ίο Auflösen einer zusätzlichen Chlorierung unterzog. Dadurch erreicht man zwar eine gesteigerte Löslichkeit, ζ. B. sogar in Aceton, aber ein solches Vorgehen bedeutet eine schwere Belastung des Verfahrens durch einen zusätzlichen Arbeitsgang.ίο Dissolving subjected to additional chlorination. This leads to increased solubility, ζ. B. even in acetone, but such an approach means a heavy burden on the process due to an additional work step.
Auch wenn man die Verspinnbarkeit dadurch verbessert, daß man' die Lösungen vor dem Verspinnen auf z. B. 500 erwärmt und bei dieser Temperatur arbeitet, kommt man zu keinem befriedigenden Ergebnis. Dabei treten, da man sich in der Nähe des Siedepunktes des Lösungsmittels ao befindet, leicht Bläschen im Faden auf, die seine Qualität erheblich herabsetzen. Auch wird der Faden durch das Spinnen bei erhöhter Temperatur spröder, so daß durch das nachträgliche Verstrecken die optimalen Festigkeitswerte nicht mehr erreicht as werden können.Even if you improve the spinnability by 'the solutions before spinning on z. B. 50 0 heated and works at this temperature, one comes to no satisfactory result. Since you are near the boiling point of the solvent ao, bubbles easily appear in the thread, which considerably reduce its quality. The thread also becomes more brittle as a result of spinning at increased temperature, so that the optimal strength values can no longer be achieved as a result of the subsequent stretching.
In der französischen Patentschrift 883 764 ist eine ganze Reihe von Lactonen angegeben worden, welche sich als Lösungsmittel für hochpolymere Vinylverbindungen bzw. Mischpolymerisate aus ihnen eignen sollen. Derartige Lösungsmittel bzw. Kombinationen von solchen ergeben aber bei Poly-In the French patent specification 883 764 a whole series of lactones has been specified, which can be used as a solvent for high polymer vinyl compounds or copolymers should suit them. Such solvents or combinations of such result in poly-
vinylchlorid keine für die Erzeugung hochwertiger Fäden brauchbaren Spinnlösungen. Das gleiche gilt für die in der französischen Patentschrift 883 763 aufgeführten Lactame.vinyl chloride no spinning solutions which can be used for the production of high-quality threads. The same goes for for the lactams listed in French patent specification 883 763.
Zur Erhöhung der Löslichkeit der Polyvinylchloride hat man diesen bei der Polymerisation gewisse Mengen anderer Vinylverbindungen zugesetzt. Zwar konnte dadurch die Löslichkeit des Polyvinylchlorids tatsächlich verbessert werden, man erkaufte aber diesen Effekt durch verschlechterte Textildaten der daraus ersponnenen Fäden. Es zeigte sich aber, daß man auf ganz einfachem Wege zu guten Spinnlösungen aus Polyvinylchlorid gelangen kann, woraus hochwertige Fäden erspönnen werden können, wenn man Tetrahydrofuran als Lösungsmittel gewisse Mengen von Adipinsäuredinitril zusetzt. Diese Beobachtung ist deshalb überraschend, weil weder Tetrahydrofuran noch das Adipinsäuredinitril für sich allein brauch-To increase the solubility of the polyvinyl chlorides, they are used during the polymerization certain amounts of other vinyl compounds added. This could reduce the solubility of the Polyvinyl chloride could actually be improved, but this effect was bought at the expense of deteriorated textile data for the threads spun from it. It was found, however, that good spinning solutions made of polyvinyl chloride can be obtained in a very simple way can be obtained from which high-quality threads can be spared if you use tetrahydrofuran adding certain amounts of adiponitrile as a solvent. This observation is therefore surprising, because neither tetrahydrofuran nor adipic dinitrile need by themselves
ao bare Lösungsmittel darstellen. Erst durch eingehende Versuche konnte ermittelt werden, in welchem Mischungsbereich diese Lösungsmittel angewendet werden können. Auf Grund der Versuche ergab sich ein Effekt bereits bei einer Zugabe von etwa 10% zum Tetrahydrofuran. Erst, wenn die Adipinsäuredinitrilkomponente des Gemisches stark überwiegt, verblaßt der Effekt. Als ein besonders günstiges Mischungsverhältnis ergab sich ein solches von einem Teil Adipinsäuredinitril zu 4 Teilen Tetrahydrofuran.represent ao bare solvents. Only through incoming Tests could determine in which mixing range these solvents can be applied. On the basis of the tests, an effect was already obtained with one addition of about 10% to tetrahydrofuran. Only when the adipic acid dinitrile component of the mixture strongly predominates, the effect pales. A particularly favorable mixing ratio was found one from one part of adiponitrile to 4 parts of tetrahydrofuran.
Es wurde weiterhin gefunden, daß an Stelle von Adipinsäuredinitril auch andere Cyanide, wie Glutarsäuredinitril, Dimethylcyanamid, Oxyacetonitril, /J-Oxypropionsäurenitril, in gleicher Richtung wirken.It has also been found that, instead of adipic dinitrile, other cyanides, such as Glutaric acid dinitrile, dimethyl cyanamide, oxyacetonitrile, / J-oxypropionic acid nitrile, in the same direction works.
Derartige Lösungsmittel sind für Lösungen von Polyacrylnitrilen schon vorgeschlagen worden. Sie eignen sich allein jedoch nicht für die Herstellung von Polyvinylchloridspinnlösungen. Nur wenn man sie im Sinne der Erfindung in den oben angeführten Mengen Tetrahydrofuran zusetzt, kann man zu den hier erstrebten hochwertigen Spinnlösungen gelangen. Man kann auch so vorgehen, daß man dem Tetrahydrofuran mehrere der obenerwähnten Lösungsmittelkomponenten zusetzt, wobei man von jeder einzelnen entsprechend \veniger verwendet.Such solvents have already been proposed for solutions of polyacrylonitriles. she however, are not suitable on their own for the production of polyvinyl chloride spinning solutions. Only if you can it adds tetrahydrofuran in the abovementioned amounts for the purposes of the invention, can be added to the high-quality spinning solutions strived for here. One can also proceed in such a way that one follows the Tetrahydrofuran added several of the above-mentioned solvent components, one of each one used accordingly.
Das Verfahren eignet sich auch für Mischpolymerisate des Vinylchlorids,The process is also suitable for copolymers of vinyl chloride,
Einer der wesentlichsten Vorteile der Verwendung von Spinnlösungen nach der Erfindung ist der Umstand, daß diese bei Zimmertemperatur versponnen werden können, und zwar sowohl nach Naß- wie nach Trockenspinnverfahren, Es resultieren Fäden mit Festigkeiten von 2,5 bis 3 g/den und Dehnungen von 15 bis 25%.One of the main advantages of using spinning solutions according to the invention is the fact that these can be spun at room temperature, both after Wet and dry spinning processes result in threads with strengths of 2.5 to 3 g / den and elongations of 15 to 25%.
100 g Polyvinylchlorid werden in eine Mischung von 100 g Adipinsäuredinitril und 400 g Tetrahydrofuran bei 25 ° unter Rühren eingetragen, die Mischung zum Sieden erwärmt und auf Zimmertemperatur abgekühlt.100 g of polyvinyl chloride are added to a mixture of 100 g of adipic acid dinitrile and 400 g of tetrahydrofuran entered at 25 ° with stirring, the mixture was heated to boiling and to room temperature cooled down.
Claims (2)
Deutsche Patentschriften Nr. 737 954, 878 853; schweizerische Patentschrift Nr. 239 958.Referred publications:
German Patent Nos. 737 954, 878 853; Swiss Patent No. 239 958.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP52371A DE911324C (en) | 1949-08-18 | 1949-08-19 | Process for the production of artificial structures from polyvinyl chloride or copolymers of vinyl chloride |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE287831X | 1949-08-18 | ||
DEP52371A DE911324C (en) | 1949-08-18 | 1949-08-19 | Process for the production of artificial structures from polyvinyl chloride or copolymers of vinyl chloride |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE911324C true DE911324C (en) | 1954-05-13 |
Family
ID=25777231
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEP52371A Expired DE911324C (en) | 1949-08-18 | 1949-08-19 | Process for the production of artificial structures from polyvinyl chloride or copolymers of vinyl chloride |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE911324C (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE737954C (en) * | 1938-02-18 | 1943-07-30 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Solvent for polyvinyl compounds |
CH239958A (en) * | 1943-06-25 | 1945-11-30 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Process for the preparation of a mixture containing high polymer compounds. |
DE878853C (en) * | 1943-06-25 | 1953-06-08 | Cassella Farbwerke Mainkur Ag | Process for shaping high polymers, in particular polymers of acrylonitrile |
-
1949
- 1949-08-19 DE DEP52371A patent/DE911324C/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE737954C (en) * | 1938-02-18 | 1943-07-30 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Solvent for polyvinyl compounds |
CH239958A (en) * | 1943-06-25 | 1945-11-30 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Process for the preparation of a mixture containing high polymer compounds. |
DE878853C (en) * | 1943-06-25 | 1953-06-08 | Cassella Farbwerke Mainkur Ag | Process for shaping high polymers, in particular polymers of acrylonitrile |
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