DE883949C - Flexible glass threads and structures made from them - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to .flexible, coated fiber material, and more particularly relates to flexible, coated glass filaments made therefrom Manufactured structures and processes for their manufacture.

Accordingly, the present invention is a coated glass thread having a higher tensile strength than cotton or wool, a yarn therefrom, the longer time withstands strong Biegebeamspruchung without the ¹ filaments break of the yarn, and · easily can be processed to highly durable fabrics.

The glass staple fiber coated according to the invention can be relatively high without damage Temperatures are subjected, and a flexible fabric made therefrom has a high Thermal conductivity.

Another object of the invention is a lightweight, made of coated glass threads, flexible rope that absorbs moisture with difficulty and is not damaged by mold will.

The invention also relates to a method for producing coated glass threads and structures made from it with an unusual external appearance, which come in many colors and with special shine can be produced.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent from the drawings and the following description emerged.

Because of the low tensile strength of cotton and wool fibers, especially at higher temperatures, is increasingly replacing industry in the manufacture of numerous products * tree

wool and wool fibers through artificial threads with higher tensile strength. The substances that can be spun into artificial threads also include glass, which can be drawn into threads with a tensile strength of over 70,000 kg / cm ² . It has been found, however, that although the individual glass strands have excellent physical properties which make them desirable substitutes for cotton and woolen yarns and fabrics, a yarn made from uncoated glass strands is weak and, when such a strand of yarn is bent, the individual Easily break the threads of the yarn, whereby the yarn becomes crumbly and eventually crumbles.

The invention realizes the objects and objectives mentioned at the outset by means of the ' blow a coated glass thread or a coated glass staple fiber, from which easily a yarn can be produced with excellent flexural properties and high tensile strength, so that this yarn becomes more unusual in flat structures Durability or can be processed into cord for vehicle tires and the like, the strong Withstand bending stresses.

Fig. Ι shows an enlarged, perspective view of a glass thread according to the invention, partly broken up and cut;

Fig. 2 shows an enlarged, perspective view of a glass thread according to the invention, for Part in section;

Fig. 3 shows an enlarged plan view of a fabric made from fiberglass yarn according to the invention;

Fig. 4 shows an enlarged, perspective view of a rope (cord) made of glass thread according to the invention, partly in section.

The thread 10 consists, as can be seen in Fig. Ι, from pails long, flexible, glass part 11 of little Diameter covered with a closed film or coating 12 of metal of uniform thickness over the surface throughout Perimeter of the glass part 11 resting and firmly adhering.

The base body 11 is made of flexible glass thread with such a small diameter that several of these glass threads can easily be twisted or spun into a yarn which can be processed into cloth by the methods customary in the textile industry. The diameter of the glass thread π is preferably no more than 0.25 mm, since glass threads with a larger diameter are generally too stiff and brittle to be processed in a satisfactory manner into yarn and fabrics. The composition of the iSilicate mixture, from dom the glass thread z. B. be produced by drawing a plastic glass flow ¹ through a nozzle, can vary within wide limits and depends on the desired physical and chemical properties. The coating 12 covering the entire surface of the glass base body 11 is an uninterrupted, impermeable film or coating made of metal or a metal mixture (alloy), applied to the surface of the base body 11, preferably by the base body 11 being brought into contact with the coating metal while this is in the molten state. The coating compound 12 preferably consists of a metal or metal mixture (alloy) with a solidification temperature above room temperature (20 °), for example aluminum, bismuth, copper, lead, zinc, chromium, cobalt, nickel, gold, silver, cerium, iron, iridium , Platinum, tin, tungsten, antimony, titanium, radium, tellurium, tantalum, palladium, molybdenum, indium, manganese and alloys of these metals. Particularly preferred are metals and alloys whose solidification temperature is above room temperature (20 ⁰ ) and which are practically inert to atmospheric influences at room temperature, e.g. B. aluminum, copper, gold, silver, chromium, lead, tin and the like. And alloys of these metals, such as soft solder, Wood's metal, brass, bronze and stainless steel. The best results are obtained with metals or alloys whose solidification temperature is above room temperature (20 ⁰ ), which are practically inert to atmospheric influences at room temperature (20 ⁰ ) and whose breaking strength is higher than that of the glass from which the base body 11 consists.

It is desirable that the coating 12 has a uniform thickness of two monolayers up to 0.25 mm, preferably 1.25 X 10 ⁴ 1.25 X 10 mm Ws!.

The cover 12 can be applied to the base body 11 can be applied by the coating metal or the coating metal alloy evaporates and the base body 11 comes into contact with this vapor is brought, this vapor is deposited on the surface of the base body 11 (condensed) and an uninterrupted one firmly adhering to the surface of the base body 11 Forms coating.

In FIG. 2 there are several coated glass threads 10 twisted in the usual way to a yarn 15 or spun, which can be processed into a fabric 20, as Fig. 3 shows, by weaving, knitting, Braid or the like, or to a shotless flat structure or, as FIG. 4 shows, to one Cord twisted from several strands of yarn.

One obtained by twisting or spinning together several metal-coated ones according to the invention In comparison with a yarn made from uncoated glass, a yarn obtained as a strand shows. threads of the same diameter obtained yarn have excellent bending properties. The following Examples are intended to demonstrate the superiority of those consisting of coated glass threads according to the invention Yarns over yarns made from uncoated glass threads show, but without thereby, the invention to be limited to these examples.

Example ι

3 (6 glass threads with a diameter of 0.00892 mm was covered with a 0.000876 mm thin layer of stainless steel and closed

twisted together with a thread. Was used as this yarn at constant speed bent at an angle of 150 ^0, it kept the 3800 times as often and long like an uncoated glass filaments of 36 having a diameter of 0,00892- existing mm. Yarn.

Example 2

36 glass threads with a diameter of 0.00892 mm were coated with a thin layer of chrome and twisted into a yarn. Was used as this yarn at constant speed bent at an angle of 150 ^0, it kept the 1566 times as often and long like an uncoated 36 of glass yarn having a diameter of 0.00892 mm existing yarn.

Example 3

36 glass fiber having a diameter of 0.00892 mm were coated with a 0.00103 mm thin copper layer and twisted together into a yarn, which is bent in the bending test, at a constant speed at an angle of 150 ^0, a 11 ooo ° / o improvement over a yarn consisting of 36 uncoated glass thread with a diameter of 0.00892 mm.

The flexible, coated glass threads used in the preceding examples were produced by vaporizing the relevant coating metal or coating metal mixture (! Alloy) in a container at a pressure of less than 0.1 mm mercury and with the surfaces of the uncoated individually hanging in the container Glass thread was brought into contact, on which the steam deposited as a coating. The coating metal (mixture) was evaporated by placing it in a ^{conical vessel made of spiral windings of tungsten wire with a diameter of 0.653 mm} and passing a current of about 12 amps and about 8 volts through the wire, covered with aluminum oxide, which was thereby ^{heated to approximately 1700 0} , a temperature sufficient to vaporize the metal or metal mixture. When the metal vapor impinged on the relatively cold surfaces of the glass threads, the vapor condensed on these surfaces to form a virtually continuous metal film or coating.

A yarn according to the invention or a structure made therefrom shows an extraordinarily high level Tensile strength and excellent thermal conductivity and rapid heat distribution through the whole body.

In addition, these yarns can be produced in a wide variety of colors by adding coloring substances to the metal or metal mixture before it is applied to the surface the glass thread. The yarn according to the invention also has a peculiar, metallic sheen, the the appearance of the cloth made from it- much improved.

Dry because of the low tendency of glass and metal to absorb moisture Structures made from yarns according to the invention quickly and do not shrink; also subject these yarns do not suffer from the damaging influence of mold.

Of course, the present invention can be varied and modified in the most varied of ways, without leaving the basic idea and scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

Patent claims: 1. Flexible glass thread, characterized by a covering its entire surface, uniform, closed, metallic coating. 2. Flexible glass thread according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating has a Has a thickness of two monomolecular layers up to 0.25 mm. 3. Flexible glass thread according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metallic coating has a solidification temperature of over 20 ⁰ . 4. Flexible glass thread according to one of claims ι to 3, characterized in that the metallic coating is inert to ^{atmospheric influences at 20 0} 5. Flexible glass thread according to one of claims ι to 4, characterized in that the metallic coating has a higher breaking strength than the uncoated glass thread. 6. Flexible glass thread according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the use a plurality of them for making a flexible yarn. 7. Use of the yarn according to claim 6 for producing a flexible fabric or shotless flat structure or rope. 8. A method for producing flexible glass thread according to claim 1, characterized in that that the flexible glass thread is so coated on its entire surface with molten metal that the metallic coating has a thickness of two monomolecular layers up to 0.25 mm. 1 sheet of drawings © 5765 2.