DE8529534U1 - Oven grate - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a furnace grate, with a grate body as a support for the fuel, which with Primary air passage openings is provided.

Usually furnace constructions are for operation with wood as fuel, designed differently than such stoves, be '·? which uses coal as fuel to suit the fuel used different, more favorable combustion ratios to accomplish. When burning coal, primary air is primarily required, which is passed through the passage openings of the grate body is fed from below. In order to achieve good afterburning, only one is relative small amount of secondary air is required, which is supplied in the area of the flame tip above the carbon filling will. In contrast, wood can best be burned in a so-called flat furnace without rust In contrast to coal, much less or very little primary air, but a much higher secondary air

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proportion is required, coal can be put in a so-called filling furnace to be burned down with a proportionate high layer of coal is filled, while wood is only filled in a very low layer of, for example, two on top of each other lying wood layers can be burned in such a way that smoke gas emissions are kept sufficiently low can be.

The invention is based on the object of a furnace grate to create the type mentioned, which can be easily changed at any time so that he on the one hand for burning wood-like fuels and on the other hand, it is suitable for burning coal-like fuels.

This object is achieved according to the invention in a furnace grate of the type described at the outset in that the grate body by two parts one on top of the other is formed, which are mounted so as to be movable relative to one another for at least partial closure of the passage openings are. The arrangement is expediently such that the maximum overall cross-section of the passage openings at least almost completely, that is to say at most except for a very small residual cross-section, closed can be, so that when burning wood or wood-like fuels only very little primary air through the Grate is fed. The furnace according to the invention provided with the grate is advantageously provided with a feed device provided for secondary air, which can be opened relatively far so that with accordingly closed passage openings of the grate body the required for the burning of wood, much higher Amount of secondary air can be supplied. Used for burning coal or coal-like fuels

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the passage openings in the grate body all the way or so far opened so that the amount of primary air required for a clean burn is supplied, in which case the Supply device for secondary air can be closed accordingly or almost completely. Controlling the Primary air does not only come through one of the furnace chambers assigned or. the rust body in the air stream upstream throttle or the like, but directly in the area of the support for the fuel.

A particularly simple one «. Control arises when a Grate body part provided as a closing part is displaceable, preferably mounted displaceably in the direction of the front side of the grate body. The closing part could also be rotatable, for example about a vertical axis be stored. In any case, it is expedient if the closing part is connected, preferably directly, to a handle which is accessible outside the furnace, for example via a rod or the like, for actuation is.

The closing part can be directly in corresponding, for example in one piece with the other grate body part Arrange trained brackets and thus combine in a simple manner to form a self-contained, mountable unit with this grate body part. this Is also possible if the closing part is arranged in lateral, in particular angular, holders. These brackets can also be the brackets for the fixed part of the grate body, which, for example, flies loose on the upper edges of the upright, outer angle legs - during the Close to the approximately audible inner surfaces of the opposing angle legs of the brackets

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is led. If a vibrating device is provided for the grate body, either the one with regard to the Closing movement of the fixed grate body part or the Closing part for the shaking movement is movably mounted be, ode <"both grate body parts, possibly including the brackets for the closing part for the Shaking movement, that is to say within a relatively narrowly limited movement path, be movably supported. Even

Without a vibratable bearing, with wood firing, ash is removed from the bottom through the passage openings, i.e. with the oven door closed, possible.

In order to be able to arrange the grate body parts as close to one another as possible, those are facing one another The surfaces of the closing part and the grate body are essentially flat throughout. But you could also, for example in the case of a trough-shaped design of the Grate body, be curved, a curvature being expediently only provided in one plane which, when the closing part is slidably mounted, lies parallel to its direction of displacement; the two grate body parts can therefore interlock like a channel.

The grate body takes up very little space if the closing part or the other grate body parts is plate-shaped and if the closing part is preferably one opposite the other grate body part has a smaller thickness.

Around the passage openings almost over the entire To be able to distribute the base area of the grate body, the closing part in plan view has approximately the same external shape as the grate body, wherein it is in particular slightly narrower, so that on one side its storage

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can be easily accommodated and on the other hand ashes and solid combustion residues hardly go into storage can get.

In a very simple embodiment, the

Closing part essentially identically arranged and designed passage openings like the other grate body part, with closing areas of the closing part lying between the passage openings covering the passage openings of the other grate body part in the closed position. Are the closing zones only slightly larger than the passage openings, it is sufficient a very I. leiner path of movement for closing and opening of the passage openings.

In a preferred embodiment, the passage openings are slot-like openings, in particular exclusively parallel slot-like openings distributed in a grid-like manner, which are preferably at right angles to the

Sliding direction of the closing part lie so that the closing part to close the passage openings only ! must be moved about the width of the passage openings.

The actuation of the locking part can be made particularly easy if it is in at least one

<Position, especially in any position, opposite the

f the facing side of the other grate body part touching

is free of traffic. As a result, the closing part can also be used independently depending on the other part of the grate body, shaking movements

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To achieve a good pulling effect, even with a relatively small overall cross-section of the passage openings, form the passage openings of the closing part in Open position in cross section continuations of the passage openings of the other grate body part, so that Two-stage, chimney-like passage openings are formed over the height.

These effects can be further improved by the fact that the passage openings of the closing part and / or of the other grate body part are tapered upwards and that the upper width of the passage openings of the closing part is preferably slightly smaller than the lower width of the passage openings of the other grate body part. Part is. The closing part and / or the other grate body part ⁷ can be designed as parts made of relatively thick sheet steel, but in particular as cast parts whose demoulding conicity is chosen so that the passage openings in each grate body part are tapered upwards and at their upper ends have the same width.

These and other features before, preferred developments of the invention also emerge from the description and the drawings, wherein the individual features can be implemented individually or in groups in the form of sub-combinations in one embodiment of the invention and in other areas . An embodiment of the ^r .rfh? Dung is shown in the drawings and is explained in more detail below. In the drawings show:

Fig. 1 shows the grate body of an inventive Oven fire grate in a perspective

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illustrated section;

Fig. 2 shows a detail of the grate body in a section along the line ΙΪ-ΙΙ in Fig. 1, in Closed position;

3 shows the detail according to FIG. 2, but in Open position.

The grate body 1 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 has two plate-shaped, with a very small gap spacing directly one above the other grate body parts 2, 3 on, from which the lower as provided in brackets 4 for the upper grate body part 2 profiles parallel to Plate level of the grate body parts 2, 3 linear and parallel to the narrow edges of which is mounted displaceably in the direction of arrow 8. The locking part 3, its plate thickness is about half as large as that of the grate body part 2, is almost congruent in plan view to the grate body part 2 formed, in particular what the distribution and formation of passage openings 5, 6 and between these lying areas are concerned, which are provided on both grate body parts 2, 3. These passage openings 5, 6 are exclusively sch! Itzartiga lying at right angles to the direction of displacement arrow 8 Breakthroughs which are tapered at an acute angle upward in cross section, the areas between the passage openings 5, 6 are only slightly larger in area than the passage openings 5, 6 in plan view. the Passages 5, 6 are arranged linearly one behind the other in a line-like manner, in such a way that several lines of aligned passage openings are provided.

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The locking part 3 is slightly narrower in plan view, so that it is on with its lateral edge zones the upper sides of inwardly directed angle legs 9 f can rest slidably or slidably. The outer, upright angle legs IO are in this way large distance from the side edges of the locking part 3, that this transverse to the direction of displacement arrow 8 and parallel to its plate plane also a relatively has a large amount of play, but this is less than the distance between adjacent openings is in that direction. The brackets 4 are arranged so that they are in plan view of the upper grate body part 2 are completely covered, so opposite the side or narrow edges are offset inward. Of the Grate body part 2 rests on the upper longitudinal edges of the angle legs 10 of the brackets 4.

The areas of the closing part 3 lying between the passage openings 6 form closing areas 7, which the same size or slightly larger in area than the lower ones Ends of the passage openings 5 of the grate body part 1 are and by moving the closing part 3 can be brought into congruence with these passage openings 5 according to FIG. This means that all of the passage openings are in place 5 essentially completely closed with a slight displacement. Because the Closing areas 7 only more or less partially in Coincidence with the passage openings 5 are brought, that is, by the fact that the closing part 3 is mounted so as to be steplessly movable, the passage of air through the grate body 1 can be set precisely. By moving the closing part 3 in such a way that the passage openings 5, 6 are aligned with each other in the height direction or are congruent, are shown in FIG. 3 in two steps upwards

tapered chimney openings created a very good Ensure primary air supply. The air duct can can be effectively changed with very simple movements.

Claims (1)

Oven fire grate with a grate body (1) as a support for the fuel, which is provided with primary air passage openings {5, 6), characterized in that the grate body (1) is formed from two grate body parts (2, 3) lying one above the other, which are mounted so as to be movable relative to one another for at least partial closure of the passage openings (5, 6). Fire grate according to Claim 1, characterized in that a grate body part designed as a closing part (3) is provided below the other grate body part (2), preferably lying directly below its underside. «II * * 4 • I «III t ·· • III * «*» ■ · til Il 3. Fire grate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the closing part (3) is displaceable, preferably in the direction (arrow 8) to the front of the Grate body (1) is slidably mounted. 4. Fe'jerrost according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that the closing part (3) in lateral, in particular angular, holders (4) is arranged and is preferably guided in this slidable. 5. Fire grate according to one of claims 1 to 4, dadurcf. marked that the facing surfaces of the closing part (3) and the other grate body part (2) are essentially flat throughout. 6. Fire grate according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the closing part (3) and / or the other grate body part (2) is plate-shaped and that preferably the closing part (3) a compared to the other grate body part (2) has a smaller thickness. 7. Fire grate according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the closing part (3) in plan view has approximately the same external shape as the other Has grate body part (2), in particular is slightly narrower. 8. Fire grate according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized characterized in that the closing part (3) substantially identically arranged and designed passage openings (6) as the other grate body part (2) and that between the passage openings A 22 394 .ί · '·! · Ί. "R * ■ - · · 4 4 4 11 1 * 41 t lie ι ie f ι ι gen (6) lying closing areas (7) of the closing part (3) in the closed position, the openings (S) of the other grate body part (2) from * cover. 9. Fire grate according to claim 8 _S, characterized in that the closing areas (7) of the closing part (3) are slightly larger in area than the passage openings (5) of the other grate body part 1 it {2} weniySteris. 10. Fire grate according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized characterized in that the passage openings (5, 6) are slot-like openings, in particular exclusively are parallel, grid-like distributed slot-like openings, which are preferably at right angles to the direction of displacement (Arrow 8) of the closing part (3). 11. Fire grate according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized characterized in that the closing part (3) is in at least one position, in particular in every position " ment, opposite the facing side of the other grate body part (2) is non-contact. 12. Fire grate according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized characterized in that the passage openings (6) of the closing part (3) in the open position 1 ung in cross section Form continuations of the passage openings (5) of the other grate body part (2). 13. Fire grate according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized characterized in that the passage openings (6) of the closing part (3) and / or of the other grate body A 22 394.: * "! >''-> 4 · - Il III I I I I t Part (2) are tapered upwards and that preferably the upper width of the passage openings (6) ~ of the closing part (3) is slightly smaller than that lower width of the passage openings (5) of the other Grate body part (2) is » 14. Fire grate according to one of claims 1 to 13 _S, characterized in that the passage openings (5 * 6) iru (L [cuci -uiibasuiiuii ^ sui ι iiuii ^ cii from ^ cy