DE822707C - Process for the production of acetyl cellulose threads or fibers with high tensile strength and elongation - Google Patents

Process for the production of acetyl cellulose threads or fibers with high tensile strength and elongation

Info

Publication number
DE822707C
DE822707C DED5164A DED0005164A DE822707C DE 822707 C DE822707 C DE 822707C DE D5164 A DED5164 A DE D5164A DE D0005164 A DED0005164 A DE D0005164A DE 822707 C DE822707 C DE 822707C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
fibers
production
acetyl cellulose
weight
elongation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DED5164A
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German (de)
Inventor
Dr Arnulf Sippel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Rhodiaceta AG
Original Assignee
Deutsche Rhodiaceta AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsche Rhodiaceta AG filed Critical Deutsche Rhodiaceta AG
Priority to DED5164A priority Critical patent/DE822707C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE822707C publication Critical patent/DE822707C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
    • D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acetylcellulosefäden oder -fasern mit hoher Reißfestigkeit und Dehnung Die bisher üblichen Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acetylcellulosefäden oder -fasern hoher Reißfestigkeit beruhen zumeist entweder darauf, daß man Celluloseacetat besonders hohen PolymerisatioTisgrades verwendet oder daß man während des Spinnprozesses oder anschließend die gebildeten Fäden verstreckt.Process for the production of acetyl cellulose threads or fibers with high tensile strength and elongation The previously usual process for the production of Acetyl cellulose threads or fibers of high tensile strength are mostly based either ensure that cellulose acetate is used with a particularly high degree of polymerization or that the threads formed are drawn during the spinning process or subsequently.

Beide Verfahren liefern Kunstfäden oder Fasern von hoher Festigkeit, zeigen jedoch gewisse Nachteile. Die Herstellung von Celluloseacetat mit hohem Polymerisationsgrad bietet gewisse technische Schwierigkeiten; auch wird die erhöhte Reißfestigkeit häufig gegen eine Verminderung der Dehnbarkeit eingetauscht. Dies ist besonders bei Anwendung von Streckverfahren der Fall. Durch die Herabminderung der Dehnung sind die Kunstfasern zumeist nur noch für Sonderzwecke verwendbar.Both methods provide synthetic threads or fibers of high strength, however, show certain disadvantages. The production of cellulose acetate with a high degree of polymerization presents certain technical difficulties; also the increased tear strength often exchanged for a reduction in elasticity. This is special this is the case when using stretching processes. By reducing the stretch the synthetic fibers can mostly only be used for special purposes.

Das vorliegende Verfahren gestattet die Herstellung von Acetylcellulosefäden und -fasern mit hoher Reißfestigkeit und guter Dehnung, insbesondere ist die Bruchdehnung durchaus normal.The present process permits the manufacture of acetyl cellulose threads and fibers with high tear strength and good elongation, in particular the elongation at break quite normal.

Das Verfahren gemäß vorliegender Erfindung beruht auf der Ausnutzung eines besonderen Lösungszustandes des Celluloseacetats, der starke Ähnlichkeit hat mit dem Zustand der konzentrierten Lösung der zwei Phasen sog. Coacervate, die für Celluloseacetat in folgenden Forschungsarbeiten beschrieben wurden: J. D u c 1 a u t : Legons de Chimie Physique appliquee ä la Biologie III, p. 29ff., Paris 1934; Mme. A. Dobry: Bull. de la Soc. Chim. Biol., Seance du 4 juillet 1939, P. 81, 85; Journal de Chim. Phys. 35, 387-394 (j938): Journal de Chim. lPhys. 36. 102-110 (1939) In der angeführten Literatur wurden im Falle des Celluloseacetats für die Herstellung der Coicervate Tetrachloräthan und Alkohol als Lösungsmittel verwendet. Für die Herstellung von Acetylcellulosefasern oder -fäden gemäß vorliegender Erfindung wurde als Lösungsmittel eine Mischung von Methylenchloridäthanol in einem solchen Verhältnis zur Anwendung gebracht, daß die Äthanolmenge gerade hinreicht, das durch das Methylenchlorid gebildete Celluloseacetatgel in eine hochviskose Lösung überzuführen.The method of the present invention is based on exploitation of a special state of solution of cellulose acetate, which is very similar with the state of the concentrated solution of the two phases so-called. Coacervate, which for Cellulose acetate has been described in the following research: J. D u c 1 a u t: Legons de Chimie Physique Appliquee a la Biology III, p. 29ff., Paris 1934; Mme. A. Dobry: Bull. De la Soc. Chim. Biol., Seance du 4 juillet 1939, pp. 81, 85; Journal de Chim. Phys. 35, 387-394 (j938): Journal de Chim. lPhys. 36. 102-110 (1939) In the literature cited, in the case of cellulose acetate for the production of the coicervates tetrachloroethane and alcohol as solvents used. For the production of acetyl cellulose fibers or threads according to the present invention Invention was a mixture of methylene chloride ethanol in one solvent applied in such a ratio that the amount of ethanol is just sufficient the cellulose acetate gel formed by the methylene chloride in a highly viscous solution convict.

Zur Herstellung der Acetylcellulosefasern oder -fäden gemäß vorliegender Erfindung wird jedoch das Coacervat selbst nicht benutzt, also nicht der Zustand, in dem ein Zweiphasensystem vorliegt, vielmehr werden Lösungen mit hohem G°halt an Celluloseacetat benutzt, bei denen der Zerfall in zwei Phasen nicht mehr eintritt.For the production of the acetyl cellulose fibers or threads according to the present invention Invention, however, the coacervate itself is not used, i.e. not the condition in which there is a two-phase system, rather solutions with a high G ° are retained used on cellulose acetate, in which the disintegration in two phases no longer occurs.

Man erhält z. B. bei Anwendung von 4 Gewichtsteilen Celluloseacetat, 95 Gewichtsteilen blethylenchlorid und 1,6 Gewichtsteilen Äthanol eine Emulsion zweier Phasen, die sich langsam in zwei Schichten zerlegt. Wendet man jedoch das Lösungsmittelgemisch im gleichen Verhältnis zur Herstellung von 8 bis 18%igen Lösungen von Celluloseacetat an, also 95 Gewichtsteilen Methylenchlorid, 1,6 Gewichtsteilen Äthanol und 8 bis 21 Gewichtsteilen Acetylcellulose, so erhält man nur aus einer Phase bestehende, spinnfähige Lösungen. Diese unterscheiden sich von den üblichen Celluloseacetatspinnlösungen dadurch, daß sie trotz ihres geringen Prozentsatzes an Celluloseacetat spinnfähig sind.One obtains z. B. when using 4 parts by weight of cellulose acetate, 95 parts by weight of methylene chloride and 1.6 parts by weight of ethanol form an emulsion two phases that slowly split into two layers. However, if you apply that Solvent mixture in the same ratio for the preparation of 8 to 18% solutions of cellulose acetate, i.e. 95 parts by weight of methylene chloride, 1.6 parts by weight Ethanol and 8 to 21 parts by weight of acetyl cellulose are obtained from only one Phase existing, spinnable solutions. These are different from the usual Cellulose acetate spinning solutions in that, despite their low percentage are spinnable on cellulose acetate.

Die Viskosität der Spinnlösungen im coacervatähnlichen Zustande ist besonders hoch. Dies zeigt die nachfolgende Tabelle, bei der ein Lösungsmittelgemisch zum Vergleich gestellt wird, das wie sonst üblich aus 85 Gewichtsprozent Methylenchlorid und 15 Gewichtsprozent Methanol besteht. Tabelle I Konzentration Konzentration des Celluloseacetat; des Celluloseacetats Viskosität in Gewichtsprozent in dem üblichen der in der coacer,.-at- Lösungsmittelgemisch Lösung ähnlichen Spinnlösung aus in Poise in 95 Gewichtsteilen 85 Gewichtsprozent bei i8' Methylenchlorid \letllylenchlorid und und 1,6 Gewichtsteilen i5 Gewichtsprozent Äthanol :17ethanol 400 10,0 17,6 60o 1o,9 18,6 800 11,7 19,6 1000 12,6 2o,6 1200 13,4 21,5 Eine zweite Tabelle zeigt die Reißfestigkeit von Acetylcellulosefäden nach dem Verfahren der vorliegenden Erfindung im Vergleich mit aus 24,5 Gewichtsprozent acetonischer Lösung hergestellten Acetylcellulosefasern. Tabelle 1I Die Fadenstärke betrug bei den beiden Verfahren joo den, Einspannlänge der Messung 5o cm, Tempe- ratur 20°, relative Luftfeuchtigkeit 650/a. Coacervat- Aceton- verfahren verfahren Reißfestigkeit in g'iden . 1,48 1,32 Bruchdehnung in 010 . . . . _ 26,o 20,0 The viscosity of the spinning solutions in the coacervate-like state is particularly high. This is shown in the table below, in which a solvent mixture is made for comparison, which, as usual, consists of 85 percent by weight of methylene chloride and 15 percent by weight of methanol. Table I. Concentration concentration cellulose acetate; of cellulose acetate Viscosity in percent by weight in the usual the one in the coacer, .- at- solvent mixture Solution similar spinning solution in poise in 95 parts by weight 85 percent by weight with 18 'methylene chloride \ letllylene chloride and and 1.6 parts by weight i5 percent by weight Ethanol: 17ethanol 400 10.0 17.6 60o 1o, 9 18.6 800 11.7 19.6 100 0 1 2.6 2o, 6th 1200 13.4 21.5 A second table shows the tensile strength of acetyl cellulose filaments according to the method of the present invention in comparison with acetyl cellulose fibers produced from 24.5 percent by weight acetone solution. Table 1I The thread size was in both procedures joo den, clamping length of the measurement 5o cm, temperature temperature 20 °, relative humidity 650 / a. Coacervate acetone procedure procedure Tear strength in g'iden. 1.48 1.32 Elongation at break in 010. . . . _ 26, o 20.0

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acetylcellulosefäden oder -fasern mit hoher Reißfestigkeit und Dehnung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine 8 bis 18 gewichtsprozentige Acetylcelluloselösung versponnen wird, die man aus 95 Gewichtsteilen Methylenchlorid, 1,6 Gewichtsteilen Äthanol und 8 bis 21 Gewichtsteilen Acetylcellulose erhält. Claim: Process for the production of acetyl cellulose threads or fibers with high tensile strength and elongation, characterized in that an 8 to 18 weight percent acetyl cellulose solution is spun, which is obtained from 95 parts by weight of methylene chloride, 1.6 parts by weight of ethanol and 8 to 21 parts by weight of acetyl cellulose.
DED5164A 1950-08-02 1950-08-02 Process for the production of acetyl cellulose threads or fibers with high tensile strength and elongation Expired DE822707C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED5164A DE822707C (en) 1950-08-02 1950-08-02 Process for the production of acetyl cellulose threads or fibers with high tensile strength and elongation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED5164A DE822707C (en) 1950-08-02 1950-08-02 Process for the production of acetyl cellulose threads or fibers with high tensile strength and elongation

Publications (1)

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DE822707C true DE822707C (en) 1951-11-26

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DED5164A Expired DE822707C (en) 1950-08-02 1950-08-02 Process for the production of acetyl cellulose threads or fibers with high tensile strength and elongation

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DE (1) DE822707C (en)

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