DE806127C - Catalyst for igniting flammable gases - Google Patents
Catalyst for igniting flammable gasesInfo
- Publication number
- DE806127C DE806127C DEP30104D DEP0030104D DE806127C DE 806127 C DE806127 C DE 806127C DE P30104 D DEP30104 D DE P30104D DE P0030104 D DEP0030104 D DE P0030104D DE 806127 C DE806127 C DE 806127C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- platinum
- aerosol
- catalyst according
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/08—Silica
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/44—Palladium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0018—Addition of a binding agent or of material, later completely removed among others as result of heat treatment, leaching or washing,(e.g. forming of pores; protective layer, desintegrating by heat)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0242—Coating followed by impregnation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
- F23C13/08—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material characterised by the catalytic material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/12—Radiant burners
- F23D14/18—Radiant burners using catalysis for flameless combustion
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
(WiGBl. S. 175)(WiGBl. P. 175)
AUSGEGEBEN AM 11. JUNI 1951ISSUED JUNE 11, 1951
ρ 30104 Vj4e Dρ 30104 Vj4e D
Frankfurt/M.Frankfurt / M.
Es ist bekannt, die Zündungen von brennbaren Gasen, namentlich von Wasserstoff enthaltenden Gasgemischen, dadurch vorzunehmen, daß man sie an einem Katalysator vorbeistreichen läßt, der im wesentlichen Platinmetall in feinverteilter Form enthält. Eine bekannte Ausführungsform für katalytische Gaszünder besteht beispielsweise aus einem System feiner Platindrähtchen, an die zur Verbesserung der Zündwilligkeit noch eine sog. Zündpille aufgehängt oder aufgetupft ist. Diese Pille besteht aus einem an sich indifferenten Trägermaterial, ζ. B. aus Keramik, das mit einer Platinmetallsalzlösung getränkt und dann einer reduzierenden Behandlung unterworfen wurde, wobei das Metall in sehr feinverteilter hochaktiver Form zurückbleibt. Diese Zündpille vermag das vorbeiströmende Gas-Luft-Gemisch katalytisch zur Reaktion zu bringen, wobei normalerweise keine Flammenbildung auftritt; jedoch staut sich im Innern der hochporösen Pille die Reaktionswärme und überträgt sich auf den damit in Verbindung stehenden Platindraht, der nun selbst an seiner Oberfläche sehr stark katalytisch zu wirken beginnt. Dadurch kommt es zur Entflammung. Ein nach diesem Prinzip sorgfältig hergestellter Gaszünder bewirkt die Entflammung eines ausströmenden Gasgemisches innerhalb 1 bis 2 Sekunden. Für die Schnelligkeit, mit der die Zündung erfolgt, ist von entscheidender Bedeutung die Beschaffenheit des Trägermaterials. Für die Zündpillen verwendet man aus diesem Grunde besonders gern Meerschaum, der durch Säurebehandlung so verändert wurde, daß ein hochporöses Kieselsäureskelett übrigbleibt. Man pflegt die Imprägnierung mit Platin so zu gestalten, daßIt is known to ignite flammable gases, especially those containing hydrogen Gas mixtures to be made by allowing them to pass a catalyst which is in the contains essential platinum metal in finely divided form. A known embodiment for catalytic Gas igniter, for example, consists of a system of fine platinum wires that are attached to the improvement a so-called detonator is hung or dabbed on to ensure that it is ignitable. This pill consists of an inherently indifferent carrier material, ζ. B. made of ceramic with a platinum metal salt solution soaked and then subjected to a reducing treatment, the metal in a very finely divided, highly active form remains behind. This squib is capable of catalytically reacting the gas-air mixture flowing past to bring, with normally no flame formation occurs; however, accumulates inside the heat of reaction of the highly porous pill and is transferred to the associated pill Platinum wire, which now begins to have a very strong catalytic effect even on its surface. Through this it catches fire. A gas igniter, carefully manufactured according to this principle, has the effect the ignition of a gas mixture flowing out within 1 to 2 seconds. For the speed With which the ignition takes place, the nature of the carrier material is of decisive importance. For this reason, meerschaum is particularly popular for the primer pills Acid treatment was changed so that a highly porous silica skeleton remains. One cares to make the impregnation with platinum so that
die Pille nach dem Trocknen je zur Hälfte ihres Gewichtes aus Platinmetall und aus Trägermaterial, in diesem Falle also Kieselsäure besteht.after drying, the pill is made of platinum metal and half of its weight is made of carrier material, in this case there is therefore silica.
Auch entwässertes Kieselsäureöl, mit Salzsäure ausgelaugtes Asbestpulver und ähnliche Stoffe sind zur Herstellung der Zündpille geeignet.Also dehydrated silica oil, asbestos powder leached with hydrochloric acid and similar substances are suitable for making the squib.
Es hat sich nun gezeigt, daß man spezielle wertvolle Katalysatoren für solche Gaszündpillen dann erhält, wenn man als Trägersubstanz Stoffe verwendet, die als Ärosol gewonnen wurden, insbesondere durch Reaktion der Ausgangsstoffe in der Gasphase.It has now been shown that you can then use special valuable catalysts for such gas detonators obtained when using substances as a carrier substance that were obtained as aerosol, in particular by reaction of the starting materials in the gas phase.
Als besonders geeignet hat sich ein in den letzten Jahren bekanntgewordener sog. weißer Ruß gezeigt, der durch Hydrolyse von Siliciumtetrachloriddampf erzeugt wird und speziell in der Gummitechnik als hochaktiver Füllstoff Bedeutung erlangt hat. Überraschenderweise gibt dieser weiße Ruß nach Imprägnierung mit feinverteiltem Platinmetall auch dann schon eine gute Zündwilligkeit, wenn der gewichtsmäßige Anteil an Platin nur einen Bruchteil des sonst bekannten, meist 500/o betragenden Platingehaltes beträgt. Schon bei einem Gewichtsverhältnis von 5 Teilen Platin zu 95 Teilen weißer Ruß ist ein gutes Entflammungsvermögen festzustellen; Gaszünder, die meist mit Pillen aus dieser Masse im Verhältnis Platin !Trägermaterial = 1:10 hergestellt waren, zündeten eher noch etwas schneller als Zünder mit Meerschaumpillen, die mit 50 Gewichtsprozent Platin beladen waren.A so-called white carbon black, which has become known in recent years and which is produced by hydrolysis of silicon tetrachloride vapor and has become particularly important as a highly active filler in rubber technology, has proven to be particularly suitable. Surprisingly, this carbon black is white after impregnation with finely divided platinum metal also has a good ignition when the percentage by weight of platinum otherwise known, usually 50 is only a fraction of the 0 / o amount forming platinum content. At a weight ratio of 5 parts of platinum to 95 parts of white carbon black, good flammability can be determined; Gas detonators, which were usually made with pills made of this mass in the ratio of platinum! Carrier material = 1:10, ignited a little faster than detonators with meerschaum pills that were loaded with 50 percent by weight of platinum.
Die Anwendung des erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Katalysators in Gaszündern, Gasalarmgeräten und ähnlichen auf der katalytischen Oxydation brennbarer Gase beruhenden Einrichtungen kann auf verschiedene Weise erfolgen. Man kann das aus dem Ärosol gewonnene Oxyd vor oder nach der Imprägnierung mit Edelmetall zu den gewünschten Formteilen pressen, also beispielsweise zu den bekannten ringförmigen Zündpillen, die auf den feinen Platindraht aufgefädelt werden. Man kann aber auch die fertige Masse ausgezeichnet als sog. Tupfmasse anwenden, d. h. sie mit einer Flüssigkeit, z. B. mit destilliertem Wasser, anteigen und dann auf den Platindraht oder sonstige geeignete Stellen des katalytischen Gerätes auftupfen.The use of the catalyst produced according to the invention in gas igniters, gas alarm devices and similar devices based on the catalytic oxidation of combustible gases done in different ways. The oxide obtained from the aerosol can be used before or after the impregnation with precious metal to the desired molded parts, for example to the well-known ring-shaped detonators that are threaded onto the fine platinum wire. One can but also use the finished mass excellently as a so-called dab mass, d. H. them with a liquid, z. B. with distilled water, paste and then on the platinum wire or other suitable places of the catalytic device.
Dieses letztere, an sich für Gaszündekatalysatoren bekannte Verfahren läßt sich bei den erfindungsgemäß hergestellten katalytischen Massen besonders gut anwenden, da derartige Ärosole mit Wasser thixotrope Gemische ergeben, die sich naturgemäß besonders leicht in der gedachten Weise handhaben lassen und eine gute Haftung nach dem Auftupfen ergeben, die auch nach dem Austrocknen der betupften Stelle erhalten bleibt.This latter method, which is known per se for gas ignition catalytic converters, can be used in the case of the method according to the invention Use prepared catalytic masses particularly well, since such aerosols with Water thixotropic mixtures result, which are naturally particularly easy in the imaginary way let it handle and result in good adhesion after dabbing, even after it has dried out the dabbed area remains.
Erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Katalysatoren können in an sich bekannter Weise außer mit Platinmetallen, wie Platin oder Palladium, auch zusätzlich oder ausschließlich mit anderen katalytisch wirksamen Metallen hergestellt werden, wie z. B. unter Verwendung von Kobalt oder Nickel.In addition to platinum metals such as platinum or palladium, catalysts prepared according to the invention can also be used in a manner known per se or made exclusively with other catalytically active metals, such as. B. using cobalt or nickel.
An Stelle oder neben der Ärosolkieselsäure können auch andere aus der Gasphase gewonnene Oxyde oder Oxydgemische verwendet werden, z. B. Titandioxyd, Magnesiumoxyd o. dgl.Instead of or in addition to the aerosol silicic acid, others obtained from the gas phase can also be used Oxides or mixtures of oxides are used, e.g. B. titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide or the like.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP30104D DE806127C (en) | 1948-12-31 | 1948-12-31 | Catalyst for igniting flammable gases |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP30104D DE806127C (en) | 1948-12-31 | 1948-12-31 | Catalyst for igniting flammable gases |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE806127C true DE806127C (en) | 1951-06-11 |
Family
ID=578186
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEP30104D Expired DE806127C (en) | 1948-12-31 | 1948-12-31 | Catalyst for igniting flammable gases |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE806127C (en) |
-
1948
- 1948-12-31 DE DEP30104D patent/DE806127C/en not_active Expired
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