DE7537145U - High voltage tester - Google Patents

Description

DEHN + SÜHNE GmbH + Co, KG. Nuremberg, Rennweg 11-15

"High voltage tester"

The invention relates to a high-voltage tester with an optical display and one to be operated by the user Test facility of the display »Such testers are with a battery and an electronic amplifier device equipped. They should reliably indicate to a user whether an electrical device, z. B. an electrical high voltage line or the high voltage leading parts of an electrical switchgear, etc., are voltage-free or not. In doing so, dia Reliability of high-voltage testers has to meet the highest requirements, since a false display results in that the fitter tries to carry out the intended repair or maintenance on the part carrying the high voltage, Certainly the most serious injuries, usually even a fatal electric shock. To prevent this a test device is provided in addition to the optical display of the high voltage on the tester, which the operational readiness of the optical high voltage display checks or controls. For this purpose, a device is known that displays a red warning sign for the high voltage display.

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Has lamp and with the interposition of a timer for checking a green standby lamp provides, the latter being switched off automatically after a fixed preset time has elapsed. The disadvantage here is that these indicator lights are relatively dark due to their color; unless you are using very bright ones and therefore bulbs that consume a lot of electricity. Otherwise, the operator will not be able to provide the indicator lamps with sufficient accuracy can be recognized, especially if there is a light source behind the high-voltage tester in the viewing direction, or when the displays are outdoors nLt looking towards the sky should be determined. It should also be taken into account that the batteries of such high-voltage testers so largely must be spared as possible. From this it follows the requirement to use as little battery power as possible to operate the indicator lights. Otherwise it would be fine premature The result is battery exhaustion and constant replacement. Another disadvantage of the known testing device consists in the fact that the time switch provided there is expensive and prone to failure.

The invention is based first of all on the task of providing a battery-friendly and nonetheless safe for the user recognizable appearance of such a high-voltage tester to accomplish. In this context, means should also be provided to increase the security of the test process. Finally, the invention is concerned with a simplification and improvement of the structural design of a such high-voltage testers, in particular the device for holding the batteries and the test equipment, etc.

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Accordingly, the invention initially provides that a flashing light for the high voltage display and one opposite Darker steady light (ready light) is provided for the ready display, both lights being colorless are. When the test device is connected to the high voltage with the continuous light switched on, the automatic continuous light is preferred switched off and the flashing light switched on. The flashing light shows the status "high voltage present" and the steady light the operational readiness and the status "high voltage not available". The invention makes it absolutely safe re display for the user and at the same time a maximum of light output and display for the viewer with a minimum Power consumption reached. The flashing indicator light is the primary important warning signal even in poor lighting conditions, like backlight, clearly recognizable by the operator. As during the intervals between the blink If no battery power is consumed, there is a corresponding saving in power. Another power saving will be achieved in that the permanent light, which has no direct warning effect, lights up darker. Finally being opposite The well-known colored lamps by using colorless luminaires further saved electricity, because the glass was colored caused light absorption is not applicable. In the invention there is also no differentiated coloring of the display lights more necessary because the high voltage display is through its flashing clearly distinguishes it from the steady light.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention is a hand-operated one for switching on the flashing light and switching to the permanent light

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Switch, ζ. B. a button is provided, it is ensured that from the switch aif the steady light this only can light up for a certain holding time. According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the The duration of this hold time of the readiness display can be set on the tester. Thus, in the "On" position of the Switch the flashing light is switched on and thus the operator can be shown that this light is functional is. If the switch is then switched to the other "Off" position, the switch switches to the permanent light around, which then burns during the specified holding time and thus the fitter the functionality of the device signaled and at the same time guaranteed. The fitter is only allowed to do this during this holding time or burning time the permanent light work with the high-voltage tester, there this alone ensures that the flashing light also flashes in the event of a high voltage being present. The one mentioned Adjustment of the holding time gives the possibility to adhere to the different safety regulations To be able to adapt working conditions.

Another suggestion of the invention, which is used for safety and for simplified operation, provides an arrangement before to after acceptance of the high voltage tester of a high voltage carrying part the set on the tester To restart the holding or burning time of the readiness display. The fitter is working on a high voltage leading part and if he interrupts the contact between the test probe and this part, the holding or Burning time again from the beginning so that the tester remains functional.

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τ- 5 -;

A safety device according to the invention can also be used to protect against total or partial failure of the batteries be provided which the high voltage tester out of operation as soon as the voltage of the batteries operating the test facility falls within the uncertainty range approaching. So is z. B. with a 6 V battery the uncertainty range between 4 V and 2.5 V. The shutdown in this case occurs shortly before the battery voltage drops to 4 V.

For checking whether high voltage is present and for producing the explained electrical display, for bringing about it the holding times of the permanent light and for switching off the tester when the battery voltage drops, electronic Components and building groups are provided. Such electronic parts can be accommodated in a very small space and require very little electricity. Both advantages meet the stated aim of the invention.

The invention provides for the structural design of such a high-voltage tester a receiving housing with two Chambers before, being in a first chamber, which is hermetically sealed against the outside air and the other second chamber is, the electronic components and assemblies of the test facility and, if applicable, the arrangement for the setting and the restart of the hold time, as well as the safety circuit are located while in the second chamber the batteries for the electrical operation of the high-voltage tester are wired under. Because of the seal the first chamber is prevented from having a very cold examiner and entering a warm room with this cold examiner the warm air condenses on the cold electronic components and there due to the dew effect

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condensed. This can cause sensitive malfunctions or even render the electronic parts and components unusable Result in circuits. On the other hand, the batteries are after removing a cover for their replacement or quickly and easily accessible for their heating. This is particularly important for practical operation This is important because the batteries have to be changed frequently. The examiner is also at very cold batteries will not work. In this case, the batteries must be warmed up in some way.

The receiving housing can be attached to the side of a support piece for the test probe and the actuating rod. In order to a very compact design is created. Since the two receptacles are next to each other, they are only very short Supply lines from the batteries to the electronic components are necessary. That the operating rod and the top holding receiving piece is mechanically very highly resilient, since it is in its construction solely on the hold of the tip and the rod must be parked while the receptacle is next to the side of the transferring forces Parts of the support piece are located. Due to this lateral arrangement of the housing, the lights located on it are easily recognizable by the user.

Further advantages and features of the invention are the dependent claims, as well as the following description and the associated drawing of exemplary embodiments of the invention refer to. In the drawing shows:

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• ·

Fig. 1: A longitudinal section through an embodiment of a high voltage tester according to the invention,

Fig. 2: the associated bottom view,

Fig. 3: the circled detail in Fig. 1 on a larger scale,

Fig. 4: a battery holder belonging to the invention in the side view,

FIG. 5: the top view of FIG. 4.

According to this embodiment, a receiving housing 1 and a support piece 2 are provided, which here in one piece Plastic. The test probe 4, which is to be connected to voltage with its tip 3, is exchangeable in a recess 5 of the support piece attached, for. B. by screwing onto the threaded retaining bolt 6. Aligned with the Recess 5, a further recess 7 is provided in which the actuating rod 8 to be grasped by the user is inserted becomes, ζΐ B. by screwing on the bolt 6. The inside both recesses is prevented from penetrating by ring seals 9 sealed from moisture. This is a very stable holder of the test probe 4 in a recess, which is also longer and thus holds correspondingly heavy / peaks perfectly. That The receiving housing is located on the side of the support piece, so that the actuating rod 8 does not face the direction of view of the user blocked to the lights. It is advantageous if, as shown, the lights 20, 21 close to the outside of the housing, d. h, as far as possible from the support piece and the support rod, are provided. In the course of the test probe 4, d. H. between their tip 3

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and their attachment to the support piece 2, one or more insulation screens can be provided on the outer surface, which provide improved rollover protection, especially in damp conditions, e.g. B. Rain, offer. For this purpose, the shaft of the Test probe 4 as a tube made of insulating material with a surrounding jacket made of an open-air and weather-resistant elastic, synthetic chemical material, where the outer contour of the jacket forms the insulation screen or screens.

An electrical connection runs from the tip 3 via the resistance elements 10, 11 and the line 12 to electronic ones Components 14-14 '". As the drawing also shows, substantially more are preferred in the upper third 10 of the test probe Resistors, d. H. an electrically higher resistance value is provided than in the rest of the area 11 leading to the support piece the tip 4. This means that when the test tip is applied to high voltage, the greatest. Part of the voltage drop is in upper third 10 is located. If the test probe accidentally comes to rest on an earth rail or the like, this is usually the case takes place in the lower region 11, with this arrangement of the invention the risk of a breakdown is essential decreased. The electronic components are located in a first chamber 15 of the receiving housing 1. In a second Chamber 16 houses the batteries 17. The leads 18 from the batteries into the chamber 15 are together with the supply line 12 encased by an insulating compound. Furthermore, a passage opening from, which cannot be seen in the drawing the chamber 16 into the chamber 15 in the partition 19 is filled with the insulating compound and sealed. Not the one in the drawing The insulating compound shown also holds the lines on the inner wall of the housing 1 and causes a perfect insulation of the lines from each other and against any condensation.

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Fig. 2 shows the flashing light 20, the darker and non-flashing ready light 21, as well as the Switch 22 for switching the two lights on and on. The electronic components already mentioned include Here the device 14 for checking whether high voltage is present, the device 14 ': for maintaining the holding time of the permanent light, the arrangement 14 ″ to the hold time set on him after acceptance by the tester of a part carrying high voltage the continuous light to start again, and the safety devices 14 '' 'to switch off when the voltage is too low of the batteries 17. The length of the holding time can be determined by means of a device which is not shown in the drawing and is accessible from the outside can be changed within certain limits. The electronic components 14-14 ′ ″ are on a circuit board 23 attached and / aort directed into the interior of the housing, otherwise if the close proximity of the in the drawing the housing part shown on the left to earthed components could result in discharge phenomena. The board 23 is in a Terminal strip 24 of the housing at the top in the drawing · * »- plugged in at the bottom. The other side of the housing, which is at the bottom in the drawing, is closed off by a cover 25 and sealed against the ingress of moisture and air. The lid 25 is provided with transparent, e.g. B. made of acrylic glass Parts 26 are provided for recognizing the lamps 20, 21 located behind them. The switch 22, which is not shown in FIG. 3 is, can be provided on its outside with an elastic membrane, which prevents the passage of air, but an actuation of the switch 22 enables. On the cover 25 there is a downwardly protruding edge 27, which on the one hand serves as a glare protection when looking at the lights 20, 21. Furthermore, when the housing is in contact with a grounded Rail or the like maintained a greater distance from the live parts within the housing and thus prevents discharges from occurring. The two insulating rings 28, which the receiving housing and

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surround the support. To.r prevention of discharges is Furthermore, an annular groove 29 is provided in the cover 25, in which a sealing ring 30 made of a non-sooting material such as silicone is located. The annular groove is pushed over the edge 31 of the housing 1 that fits therein. This consists of the outside in a very long air path interrupted by the sealing ring 30, which prevents or inhibits discharge phenomena. This The effect is further enhanced by the fact that, viewed from the outside in, three walls, namely the two annular groove walls and the edge 31 are adjacent to each other.

In addition to the two chambers: ¹ . 15, 16 tightly closing cover 25, a cover 32 is provided for the chamber 15 and is connected to the housing wall in an airtight manner by means of the screws 37 via a seal 33. Furthermore, there is a seal 34 between the cover and each of the housings of the lights 20, 21 having a reflector. The reflectors are particularly important here in order to save the battery and for the best possible recognition of the light signals. The housings of the lights are firmly attached to the circuit board 23. They protrude with a sealing effect through an end wall 35 which is fastened at 36 with a sealing effect to the housing wall and is located between the interior of the chamber 15 and the cover 32.

After removing the cover 25, the container 16 is ready for replacement or the heating (if the tester is very hypothermic) the batteries are freely accessible, but the electronic Components · -14-14 "'through the cover 32 and the Wall 35 against the entry of warm air and thus against the effects of condensation are protected. If the bulbs of the lights 20, 21 are to be replaced, the cover 32 is after Loosen the screws 37 to remove. Even then, the container is still covered and sealed by the end wall 35, since it the fitter performing the high-voltage test

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«T * S t

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should be common to protect the sensitive electronic components against unauthorized access.

The seals 9, 30, 33, 34 and 36 not only serve as a seal against the entry of moisture or moist air, but they also have the function of a high-voltage fuse against discharges or possibly even breakdowns.

The batteries can either be introduced directly into the chamber 16, as FIG. 1 shows. But they could also be accommodated in a block holder 47, which is shown in FIGS. This holder has six compartments 38 to 43 into which the batteries are inserted outside the housing 1 and held by springs 44. The batteries are connected in series by means of connections indicated by the digits 45. Their total voltage is taken off at the end contacts 46. The block holder, generally designated 47, can be pushed into the container 16 after the cover 25 with the batteries has been removed, the contacts 46 coming to rest on corresponding mating contacts of the receiving housing. The block holder explained allows the use of rechargeable batteries which, for the charging process, only need to be connected via the contacts 46 to the corresponding contacts of a charger. If the tester is to be operated with 6 volts, five rechargeable batteries of 1.2 V each must be connected in series. However, non-rechargeable battery cells could also be used in the compartments. Since these usually have a voltage of 1.5 V, only four of these batteries are necessary to achieve 6 V. In this case, a dummy member 48 is connected in series with them _t the electrical connection between the terminal contacts 49 having the block holder.

Expectations

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Claims (24)

1 * high-voltage tester with a test device to be operated by the user for an optical high-voltage display and for an optical readiness display, characterized in that a flashing light (20) for the high-voltage display and a darker non-flashing permanent light (21) for the readiness display vox ' is seen, both lights (20, 21) are colorless. 2. High voltage tester according to claim 1, characterized in that a manually operated switch (22), for example a button, is provided for switching on the flashing light (20) and switching to the permanent} light (21), wherein a device ( 14 ^f ) is provided, by means of which after switching over to the permanent lamp it can only light up for a certain holding time (standby time) and that when the test device with burning permanent lamp is connected to high voltage, the permanent lamp (21) automatically turns off and the flashing lamp (20) is switched on. 3. High voltage tester according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the duration of the cold time of the continuous light can be set on the examiner. 4. Hochspannungspfüer close to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized by an arrangement (14 ¹¹ ) in order to restart the holding time of the continuous light (21) set on the examiner after the examiner has accepted a high-voltage part. 7537145 05/13/76 5. The high-voltage detector according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized by a safety device (14 ^IM) which dsn validator goes out of service, sobaid approach the uncertainty range, the voltage of the test device operated batteries (17). 6. High-voltage tester according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a receiving housing ^ 1) is provided with two chambers (15, 16), the first chamber (15) against the Outside air and the electronic components (14, 14 ', 14 ", 14" ') of the test device, if necessary the holding time and optionally the safety device, while the batteries are in the second chamber (16) (17) or a block holder (47) holding batteries for the power supply of the high-voltage tester are. 7. High voltage tester according to one or more »of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the receiving housing (1) on the side of the test probe (3, 4) and the supporting piece (2) carrying the actuating rod (8) is attached, the indicator lights (20, 21) on the underside of the receiving housing and preferably so as far away as possible from the operating rod are. 8. High voltage tester according to claim 7, characterized in that the receiving housing (l) and the support piece (2) are injection-molded from plastic in one piece with one another. 7537145 05/13/76 • β β D 9. High voltage tester according to one or more of the an / ~) Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the two chambers (15, 16) are covered by a common cover (25) can preferably be sealed airtight. 10. High voltage tester according to claim 9, characterized in that the cover (25) has a circumferential annular groove (29) with a sealing insert (30) and thus over a matching edge (31) of the receiving housing (1) can be plugged. 11. High voltage tester according to one or more claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the flashing light (20) and the permanent light (21) from one Edge (27) of the housing or housing cover (25) are surrounded. 12. High voltage tester according to one or more of the claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the flashing light (20) and the permanent light (21) each sin Reflector is provided, the reflectors fixed to one of the electronic components (14 to 14 "') supporting circuit board (23) are attached and protrude with the lights through an end wall (35), which is located between the first chamber (15) and the cover (25) and firmly, as well as tightly with the chamber wall is connected. 13. High voltage tester according to one or more of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the circuit board (23) with plug connections in a Mating connector strip (24) can be inserted, which is firmly attached to the bottom of the first chamber (15). 7537145 05/13/76 Il I Λ 4 - 14. High voltage tester according to claim 12 or 12 and 13, characterized in that the on the circuit board (23) located electronic components (14 to 14 '") protrude from this to the interior of the receiving housing (1). 15. High voltage tester according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the batteries are housed in a block holder (47) and connected to one another in an electrical series circuit that the block holder can be inserted into the second chamber (16) and that there are electrical contacts on the block holder (46) are located after the block holder has been inserted into the second chamber with it electrical connections come into contact. Hi. High-voltage tester according to Claim 15, characterized by insertable dummy elements (48) in the block holder (47) instead of a battery, which have an electrical Form connection (49) between the connection contacts (45) provided for the battery. 17. High voltage tester according to one or more of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the leads (18) from the second chamber (16) into the first chamber (15) and the supply line (12) from the test probe through the between the two chambers (15, 16) located partition (19) are passed and that the implementation, as well as the supply lines are filled or encapsulated with an insulating compound. 18. High-voltage tester according to one or more of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the receiving housing (1) and the support piece (2) are surrounded by elastically deformable insulating rings (28) near their end walls are. 7537145 05/13/76 ..- 5 τ 19. High-voltage tester according to one or more of claims 1 to 18, wherein a resistor chain in the test probe is provided, characterized in that a higher resistance value in the upper third (10) is provided as in the area (11) of the tip (4) lying below leading to the support piece (2). 20. Cooking voltage tester according to one or more of claims 1 to 19, characterized by a screw connection between test probe (4) and support piece (2). 21. High-voltage tester according to claim 20, characterized in that the test probe (4) is in a recess (5) of the support piece (2) is screwed in and that the holding rod (8) in one with the aforementioned recess (5) aligned recess (7) is screwed. 22. High voltage tester according to claim 21, characterized in that both recesses (5, 7) against penetration are sealed from moisture. 23. High voltage tester according to one or more of the claims 1 to 22, characterized in that in the course of the test probe (4) on its outside one or several isolation screens are provided. 24. High-voltage tester according to claim 23, characterized in that the test probe (4) as a tube made of insulating Material with a jacket surrounding the pipe made of an open-air and weather-resistant elastic, synthetic chemical material, the outer contour of the jacket forming the insulation screen or screens. 7537145 05/13/76