DE739278C - Device for homogenizing and pressing out plastic to crumbly soft masses, emulsions and the like. like - Google Patents

Description

Device for homogenizing and pressing out plastic to crumbly soft masses, emulsions and the like.

For homogenizing and working through malleable masses such as cellulose, Color dough and the like, a device has already become known under the name kneading pump, the main feature of which is that with several worm spindles lying in one housing the thread volume of the main spindle, the beginning of which is open to the material at the inlet connection lies, narrows towards the opposite side. while the thread volume of the secondary spindle or adjacent lockers expand in opposite directions. With this kneading pump, the work to be done will be Well captured by the main spindle and into those formed by the threads of this spindle Chambers pressed.

Due to the decrease in volume of these chambers as these spindles move the material is then sheared through the gaps formed between the individual spindles, the passage everywhere only on the flanks of the interlocking screw spindles n is possible. The ancillary spindle or spindles then convey the goods that have been worked through through an outlet connection opposite the inlet side in the housing.

For the effectiveness of the shear work, this is on the one hand Ratio of changes in the thread volume of the main spindles and, on the other hand, the The width of the gap formed by the flanks of the spindles is decisive. From stereometric For reasons, it is with consideration of the pitch of the threads in this device not possible to reduce both the gap width below a certain amount, such as also to increase the change in the speed of the spindles over a certain limit.

Also around plastic masses, emulsions and the like, where higher speeds or more shear or both are desired, work through this way To be able to do so, a new device was developed.

Instead of screw spindles, there are at least two per se known, tooth-like interlocking rolling elements located in a housing provided, each of a multitude of offset against one another, on one Shaft arranged segment bodies exist. Here, the rolling bodies and the Housing closed and with the rotation of the rolling bodies onward moving chambers, their Remove the volume of the rolling elements after the exit end and the profiles the rolling elements are stepped viewed in the axial longitudinal section.

Furthermore, the housing for receiving the item to be treated has a or multiple openings. but not all of the rolling elements and the property Allow the housing formed chambers direct access while at least in the vicinity of those rolling bodies whose chambers are not directly connected stand with the entrance opening. outlet openings at the opposite end of the housing available.

When this roller body rotates, the good that passes through a feed opening is abandoned in the housing at one end of one or more of the rolling elements by the displacing effect of the profiles rolling on each other promoted.

That formed in the engagement of the rolling elements with the housing The goods contained in the chambers are reduced when the chambers wander exposed to increasing pressure.

This and the particularly narrow setting of the flank gap the shear effect is significantly increased. Since the individual flanks of the two Only touch the rolling elements in flat surfaces. the permanent pause is the smallest possible Gap widths guaranteed.

In addition to the above-mentioned outlet openings at the end of the Rolling bodies also still exist. those adjacent to those rolling bodies are whose chambers are directly connected to the inlet opening. Appropriate the latter outlet openings can be completely or partially closed. This arrangement the various. \ exit openings make it possible. the whole device optionally to be used either for kneading masses through the flank gap, or only from plastic or semi-plastic masses liquids, z. B. such other phase to squeeze out.

One of the possible embodiments is illustrated in the drawing.

Alib. @ shows a vertical longitudinal section along the line A-B of Fig. 2 to 4. seen in the direction of arrow Y. Fig. 2 is a cross-section according to the Line C-D, Fig. 3 shows a cross-section along the line E-F and Fig. 4 shows a cross-section after the line G-H of the Åbb. l, all seen in the direction of the arrow.

The device consists of a housing 1 in which two rolling bodies 2 and 3 are mounted one above the other with parallel axes. The rolling bodies 2 and 3 are driven by the coupled gears 4 and 5 and exist in essentially from the shafts 6 and 7, on which collars 8 and 9 and a number of Segment bodies sit 10 to 35 or 36 to 6i. The individual segment bodies 10 to 35 and 36 to 61, which form the profiles of the rolling bodies, are grooved and splined 62, G3 held on the shafts 6, 7 and when tightening the ring nuts 64, 65 and 66, 67 drawn on the threads 6S, 69 against the collars 8 and g. The profiles the first segments 12, 13, 14 or 38, 39, 40 can be seen from Figs. 2 to 4, in which the adjacent segments sitting on the two shafts in section are shown. The shape of the segments is chosen so that this with their largest diameter fill the corresponding cavities of the housing 1 to half, while on its smaller diameter the correspondingly large diameter of the counter-segment can roll off. Here are the surfaces 70, which are from the transitions from the large to small diameter of the segments arise and when rolling together with each other Come engagement, designed as a toothing and after the larger segment body jacket slightly beveled.

Each segment is opposite to the adjacent one on the common shaft Offset by a constant angle α - in Figs. 2 to 4 is α = 45 ° chosen; Another angle can also be selected, but this must be at all interlocking segments be the same and the thickness of the segments 11, 13, 15 etc. on the shaft G and the segments 37, 39, 41 etc. on the shaft 7 takes in the direction of arrow X.

The first segments with even numbers, 10, 12, 14 and 36, 38, respectively. 40 have the same strengths. This gives the housing and the segments formed and upon rotation of the rolling bodies 2 and; wandering chambers in the Direction of movement decreasing volumes, indicated in Fig. 1 with 71, 72, 73 above the Rolling body 2 and with 74, 75, 76 are designated below the rolling body 3; the The longitudinal profile of the rolling body formed by the individual segment bodies is the better one For the sake of clarity, shown in Fig. 1 with stronger boundary lines.

For the arrangement of the individual segment bodies on the shafts different options. The training shown in Fig. 1, in the beginning between successive segment bodies of decreasing thickness a segment body of constant, lower thickness is mounted, results in the Advantage of a later particularly strong decrease in volume on short lengths of the rolling elements. This is particularly useful when the pre-seal is to be very short and when very tough material is to be processed, which stresses the rolling elements deflection must be avoided.

It is of course also possible for the successive segment bodies to lose weight right from the start, e.g. B. evenly; this is the reduction of the chamber volume distributed over a longer distance.

This can be more useful at higher speeds.

In the present it has been assumed that the angle a by which the successive segment bodies are offset from one another, with each rolling body is always the same. But it is of course also possible to adjust the offset angle to change, in such a way that the angle at the entrance end is smaller and towards the exit end increases. In this case too, however, the offset angle must be each of several interlocking segment parts always be the same. Also because of this a reduction in the chamber volume is achieved.

It is also possible through both the constriction of the chamber volumes Reduction of the segment body strength as well as by using an increasing one To achieve displacement angle.

The advantage of having the same segment body thickness the change in the offset angle achieved is that for the construction the rolling body only need to be used with segment bodies of the same thickness which only the location of the required for fastening with the wedges 62, 63 Grooves is changeable. Naturally, this offers advantages in terms of manufacture.

In the described embodiment, the gap width is the rolling element extremely small, but can also be chosen larger if necessary, which z. B; by Interposition of spacer washers between successive segment bodies is possible is.

Of course, it is also possible to use the rolling elements instead to manufacture a large number of segment bodies seated on shafts in such a way that that the whole rolling body are milled from the solid.

The housing has an inlet opening 77 above the chamber 71 of the shaft 2 and with two outlet openings 78 near the roller bodies 2 and 79 near the rolling body 3. The opening 78 can be closed. The ball bearings 8o, 8I serve to absorb the axial thrust of shafts 2 and 3.

The material to be treated passes through the opening 77 into the chamber 71 of the roller body 2 and is counterclockwise when the roller body 2 rotates, as shown in Fig. 2, advanced in the direction of arrow X, the chamber 71 successively takes the place of chambers 72 and 73 shown in FIG. If a shear effect is to be exerted on the material, the outlet opening remains 78 closed; in this case, the material occurs through the flank gaps 82 and the surfaces 70 into the chambers 74, 75, 76 between the roller body 3 and the housing 1; it can then exit from chambers 75 and 76 at 79.

However, the device is intended to be used for squeezing off liquids plastic or semi-plastic masses are used, e.g. B. of water from rubber compounds or from oil from oil seeds, the opening 78 remains open. In this case it will the starting material as the chamber 71 moves on to 73rd due to the reduction in volume put under heavy pressure, but not through the very narrow gap of the flanks 82 pressed. Through the flanks 82 only the one to be pressed out of the good is Liquid pressed while the residue after reaching chamber 73 at 78 is pushed out.

Claims (2)

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E: 1. Device for homogenizing and pressing of plastic to crumbly soft masses, emulsions and the like-with at least two intermeshing teeth-like lying in a housing Rolling bodies, characterized in that the rolling bodies are made up of a large number of counterparts segment bodies arranged offset on a shaft exist, such that the rolling bodies and the housing closed chambers which move on when the rolling elements are thrown form, the volume of which decreases on both rolling elements towards the exit end, that the profiles of the rolling bodies are stepped viewed in the axial longitudinal section, and that the housing for receiving the material to be treated has one or more openings has, however, not all of the rolling elements and the housing formed the property Chambers Allow immediate access while at least in the vicinity of those rolling bodies whose chambers are not in direct connection with the inlet opening, there are outlet openings at the opposite end of the housing. 2. Apparatus according to claim I, characterized in that at the outlet end in the housing close to those rolling elements. their chambers with the inlet opening directly are in connection, there are still outlet openings, which may be can be closed. To distinguish the subject of the application from the state of the art are Considered in the grant procedure: German patent specification No. 652 990; French - ..... - 694 484; British - ..... - 200 547; american Patent Specification - 2115006.