DE731721C - Formwork scaffolding, primarily for concrete walls - Google Patents

Description

Formwork scaffolding, primarily for concrete walls The invention relates on a formwork device, primarily for concrete walls, where the formwork is either from removable boards or from facing bricks that remain on the component or plates. The invention solves the problem, the removable shuttering boards and facing bricks or panels remaining in the structure by simply designed To hold the tabs in the position they are in during the Concreting the wall core should take.

Accordingly, the invention consists in that the shuttering boards, facing bricks o. The like. Be retained by composable to a framework perforated tabs, their Cross-bracing takes place through the same brackets, which the wall through intermediate joints cross through.

In addition to perforated brackets, various Length according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention angle with optionally perforated legs of various lengths are used, also called immediate Formwork can be used to form concrete edges.

The brackets and brackets can also be used to connect shuttering boards used by placing them in slots cut on the abutting edges of the boards are to be embedded and fixed in it.

The use of the equipment according to the invention results in a very significant saving in the materials required and also a considerable one Simplification and acceleration of the entire set-up and shuttering process. With With the help of this equipment one can easily get the help when erecting a scaffolding the static requirements to be observed and the design requirements of the structure in easy to customize. The agents of the invention can be found in used by any association for guiding formwork and work scaffolding will.

The drawing illustrates some example use cases of the subject matter of the invention.

Fig. I of the drawing represents part of a facing concrete structure and comparatively several options for facing in - dowel lathing graphically ini construction.

Figure 2 is a side view of the model shown in Figure i in the direction of this donkey. Fig.3 shows the elements according to the invention in side view in a simplified compilation.

.libb. 3 a shows easy work equipment with a boom for material storage.

Fig. 4. shows the length and width connection in a diagrammatic representation of shuttering boards.

Fig. @ Shows the connection of the invention in a diagrammatic representation Elements for example for the production of a concrete pillar.

Figure 6 shows the same representation as Figure 5, but with a different one Type of dowelling of the shuttering boards, which is also suitable for niche shuttering.

Fig. 7 shows a diagrammatic representation of the application of the invention Eleniente in a formwork laid on brick masonry for layer by layer Manufacture of concrete walls of different thicknesses with stops.

Fig. 8 shows a graphical representation (the interaction of the Elements according to the invention for the production of external and internal corners on concrete walls and pillars.

The invention can be used in shuttering and set-up methods for layer-by-layer use and (or closed production of cast and stamped concrete structures or components, like walls, ceilings. Walls, pillars, ledges and the like described items are required as an aid.

In the embodiment according to Fig. I and -2, -earth all the walls of the Laue to be built closed and raised. This is done by laying and aligning them horizontally and flush on bricks, using formwork climbing lugs c or e and doweled formwork dowel boards ü, whereby always between two aligned formwork dowel boards - which serve as a base for the formwork, the clear thickness of the slacker results . This underlay, which is to be produced once, is also used as a wall system for the walls and walls to be erected. The formwork dowel boards N can also expediently be laid directly in a sand bed. The upper edge of the boards N will then be, as usual, the upper edge of the shoulder for walls. Then a number of support brackets for the shuttering of shuttering climbing lugs a, b or and c and shuttering angles g are formed. Purposely, a formwork climbing strap a forms the vertical, two formwork climbing straps c as a foot form the horizontal and a formwork climbing strap c or b the inclined support. As shown in the figure, two shuttering angles g are screwed to the vertical support c by means of bolts with wing nuts. The support bracket is now ready and is used in all cases only as it is or reinforced for the cladding of the walls, ledges, ceilings and for light armor. -Now «-ground the shuttering angles, always two across each other, distributed in the wall alignments, expediently at lateral distances of 1 to 16o m from each other, flush with the support bracket and the inner edges of the shuttering board on the base - with provisionally screwed on top and bottom Formwork climbing lugs are attached and fastened to them using key screws f. The lath formwork is now ready, and the laths can now be v. As shown in Fig. i and 2, they can be placed on the vertical supports a, which have been supplemented with formwork climbing lugs a, b or c, as required. When placing the support brackets on the supports, special attention must be paid to the fact that the cross connection b out of the butt joints and the vertical supports a. always recorded.

Now the first layer (Fig. I and 2), which is also stripped against groundwater, is walled in flush against the inner edges of the liner, the second layer as well, and only now are the shuttering battens y inserted against the inner edges of the vertical supports a and finite shuttering climbing lugs e sealed off so that the upper edge of the same is always flush in section with the upper edge of the third layer. Of course, this also applies to every subsequent shift. Now the third layer is walled in against the formwork y, the inner edges of the formwork dowel battens y and their upper edges always at the same time forming the alignment and horizontal lines for the layers, similar to the cord. If a layer is perfectly walled in in this way, then the formwork dowel battens y are raised up to half their thickness, i.e. 2 cm, with the help of wooden wedges. They then always cover two layers and remain in the position shown until the formwork is removed. With this method of manufacturing the facing concrete walls, shuttering climbing lugs covered with shuttering sleeves q are also built into the corresponding butt joints as cross connectors b for the vertical supports at height intervals of 4 to 100 cm. The shuttering sleeve q can be walled into the butt joints up to the length of the outer wall thickness or tightly closing in the clear, between the layers the shuttering climbing lugs a, b or c up to the butt joints. The facing layers are then expediently built up in the usual way in a variety of types of application, different types of which are shown in Fig. One side can be made with the facing materials shown in ig layers and the other side only in raw concrete, or alternatively one side with clinker bricks and the other side with panels IV of all kinds. The cross connections b are then passed through the plates IV, or, as in ig. Layer, produced by means of binding wire II, which is tied up. With the shuttering dowel battens y, a distinction is made between several types of shuttering options. They can be placed flat or upright on transverse connectors b, on locks or on lugs of shuttering angles g and lt and also inserted into the dowel slots of the shuttering battens y located on the joint edges and locked with key screws f or with nails. If the encasing dowel battens y are simply placed directly flat or upright on the cross connector b or on the locking device e , as for example with the 15th, 18th and ig. Layer (Fig. I and 2), to connect the length of the same, a formwork climbing lug is always inserted vertically into the dowel slot and another is placed against it from the outside. These are now screwed together with a bolt in the middle of the joint and sealed off at the enderi with nails. If the slats are placed on edge, the brackets should be selected accordingly. This then forms a double lock for lath connections. The single lock is made by inserting corresponding climbing lugs into the dowel slots and locking them with nails. All length connections are offset on top of each other and laterally in the form of a block bond through lath inserts of different lengths in the lath formwork. When using the shuttering slats y with the addition of shuttering angles g or h as a slat shuttering between the vertical supports a, only i are used in long slats y. With this lath formwork, all possible wall openings as well as window scaffolding, 1) stops and lintels, plinths, belts, fascias and main cornices and niches of all kinds can be produced in layers. Here, the formwork climbing lugs can be passed through the joints of the facing concrete masonry as a cross connection b or vertical supports a and also as longitudinal and diagonal supports.

For the formation and manufacture of outside and inside corners or door and window stops, the shuttering rail K shown in Fig and / or the cut-in angles g and h shown in Fig. i and 2, which with the aid of a number of wrench screws f can be connected together, however suitably be screwed together by means of bolts with wing nuts. That is done by inserting the legs of the shuttering rails and angles in on the dowel slots provided for the joint edges of the shuttering battens y. Here will be the shuttering rails double, similar to Fig. S, with both legs in Inserted the dowel slots of the single dowel lattemy and another outer or inner opposed and screwed together. For corner shuttering with the Both legs of the shuttering angle b are inserted into the dowel slots of the shuttering dowel battens y inserted, then a shuttering angle g outside or inside opposite and in the middle Locking hole screwed together by means of bolts with wing nut Tiber corner.

If the facing concrete walls (Fig. I) are now up to g. Layer erected, then a foot armor is made with the help of the items c, g and z. After further shifts, a stair armor can be set up, and at the height of the 17th layer, the light work armor (Fig. 3 a) can finally be set up. In the process, the lower parts that have been switched on and scaffolded are removed, and the light work armor is provided with diagonal supports attached to the overbinders b that have remained in the wall for this purpose.

To connect the joints of the shuttering boards z, the in Fig. 4 shown board joint socket connections for the foot, stair and light work armaments_Everyone Kind applied.

The stripping of the lath formwork will be done in such a way that the on The height of the wall was always erected on the afternoon of the same day Day, and the wall height built on in the afternoon switched on Evening of the same day, or better off in the early morning of the next day will. The last and penultimate layer is always in the slatted formwork leave because these ensure the escape and horizontal lines.

In Fig. Ä, the crossing of the cross connection b is particularly evident the wall on the vertical supports a. to recognize. The top 19th layer leaves recognize a special type of wall, for example, with the help of two sides Formed by lightweight panels IV and at the bottom and top with wire mesh or lightweight panels IV are connected across. Here the two vertical supports a are knödelte by Tie wire 1I held together, the concrete V shaken in and only now again the vertical supports a connected with tie wire II and by tying the Wire held in solid form. During the tie wire II and the concrete is shaken, the cross connection b remains in a fixed position, it only becomes after Completion of the work mentioned above. The one highlighted on the far right vertical column, the continuously closed left side of the column is remarkable.

To achieve an extended cross-connection, as is the case for example appears in the butt joints of the base masonry in Fig. 7, two formwork climbing lugs are required pushed together as required until they correspond to the cross-connection length for walls, connected with thin tie wire through the locking holes, and then with covered with a formwork sleeve q that has been cut long enough beforehand. then a formwork climbing lug to fill the formwork sleeve q is loosely, one for each flush at the ends, inserted into the inlet nozzle q. The wall transverse erbinder can then be laid dry in the butt joints ready for the support connection or be walled in permanently.

Fig.3 shows the parts according to the invention in their application in the Production of a concrete wall with cornice formation. In Fig. 3a is a light work armor shown. The base z is, similar to the lath formwork, but in sand bedding, laid out flush and horizontally closed. Instead of the facing bricks in Fig. i For the formation of the plinth, an edgewise layer is flush against the base and the support bracket a. scheduled. Then rest two more upright, inward-facing ones Shear-in dowel boards N, so that three bases are now shuttered. The left side the concrete wall, on the other hand, is only shuttered with a base. The shuttering options are shown in Fig.3 easy to identify for making any concrete walls.

If you want to create blind cladding joints x in the concrete wall surfaces of all kinds, they can be used in layers in the area of the board formwork placed in the concrete V as required and, as shown in Fig. 3, also in layers ready to be cemented.

Do you want a noble concrete view with colors and patterns on the Betomcandflächen produce V with the simultaneous integration of the poured concrete, as in Fig. 3 can be seen above the ledge, shuttering boards N vertically opposite the inwardly braced formwork climbing lug a, pours this formwork first full of fine concrete, then takes out the intermediate formwork and then fills the remaining cavity of the concrete wall full of concrete V. The noble concrete layer can be up can be made to a112 cm thickness. In addition to the intermediate support a., which is moved one locking hole to the left, another next to the one shown on the right Incidentally screwed to the Ouerbinder c.

Stripping the board formwork is based on the setting times of the concrete.

In the ready-to-use light work armor according to Fig. 3a the outer supports on formwork dowel boards laid horizontally in a sand bed z. The set-up covering also consists of formwork dowel boards z, which with the unplaned Sides turned upwards and in the joints with board joint sleeves (Fig. D.) In the Lengths and widths are related.

Fig.q. shows the length and side connections of the as scaffolding boards used single-dowel boards z by means of the board joint sockets o and p.

The smaller board joint socket o is placed in the middle of two shuttering board joints inserted and then the larger board joint sleeve p, enclosing the smaller one o put this on. A formwork climbing lug e from is now placed in both ends the side inserted into the locking holes. For the width connection of the shuttering boards s with each other then includes e in one half of the same.

The concrete pillars of Fig. 5 can be built in layers or closed Place the individual formwork dowel boards vertically and connect them by means of Formwork angles ä and 1a are completed.

For example, four shuttering angles lt are inserted into the dowel slots of the shuttering boards z at each end. The same number of shuttering angles g are then placed on the outside of the corners and both are screwed together. The formwork is ready and is now reinforced against the concrete pressure by means of shuttering angles g. The tip of the key screw (is pressed deep into the wood until it engages firmly in the locking hole of the shuttering bracket 1a after turning it clockwise. The tip must not be turned through the shuttering boards z.

In a similar formwork (Fig. 6) eight formwork dowel boards are used, in whose dowel slots continuous formwork climbing lugs a and e are inserted and connected to formwork angles g by means of bolts and wrench screws f. The formwork climbing lugs b with formwork angle g, which are also finitely connected with key screws f, can serve as tension belts, flat or upright.

If you want with vertically juxtaposed formwork dowel boards To enclose niches or walls, one adds similarly as shown in Fig. 6 differently long formwork climbing lugs into the dowel slots of the formwork dowel boards z. This is then done on the outer surfaces. the shuttering boards z the tensioning belt upright attached (Fig. 7).

In Fig.7 is a board formwork for the layer-by-layer production of Concrete walls and pillar stops are shown.

If you want to create a usable board formwork for the production of concrete walls on a brick base and erect it higher, then, if necessary, formwork climbing lugs covered with formwork sleeves, in the case of very thick masonry, the extension described, are bricked into the butt joints as a cross tie a. In this case, the cross ties a can also be wrapped with cement paper instead of the sheathing sleeves. Then you screw the climbing lugs as side struts so that the vertical supports can be screwed to them. Now the shuttering boards z are set with the planed side inwards as shuttering boards upright against the previously made support brackets a and d . Here, under the first layer of shuttering board for sealing the cast concrete, dry on the base masonry and flush with the shuttering surface, blind cladding joints x are laid tightly.

Fig. 7 shows a hint of a special type of wall placement with different support structures. For the shuttering of wall and pillar stops, a double and a single tension belt connection is provided from shuttering climbing lugs a, b and c, which are screwed to one another and to the vertical supports by means of bolts and wing nuts. If the vertical supports are connected transversely with tie wire II, the transverse ties remain in a fixed position for this purpose, they are then grounded with each layer when the shuttering boards are put in place, but then remain about 5 cm above the end of the concrete pouring firmly screwed to the upper edge of the shuttering board. The binding wire II thus has no way of stretching, and the formwork can thus be raised properly.

Fig. 8 shows, for example, the shuttering of outer and inner corners, as used for concrete wall, pillar, door and window corners, etc. be considered. Here, the entire formwork boards resting on a support, with the aid of the z Einschaldübelbrettern, d Einschalkletterlaschen and a number key f screws are connected to each other, wherein the Einschaldübelbretter z escape and horizontally laid in sand laid proposed for the actual base.

If an outside corner is to be created, first assemble the cramp bolt Z with the cramp slider via, then loosely screw a wing nut onto L and insert this corner cramp assembled in this way into the guide rail il of the corner cramp rail i with the cramp bolt head 1.1 first. Then place shuttering boards z and guide battens y between the legs of the rail i and the slide m, tighten the wing nut on l, and the outside corner is finished. To guide the height of the system i, a Eckkrampschienenmuffe n with its legs azl is then slipped onto the guide rails il of the next Eckkrampschiene i, slipped za over both abutment edges of i and then firmly clamped n both above and below with wooden wedges, whereby the two Eckkrampschienen i connected like one piece. Now can only be inserted from above between the legs il and the guide laths y formwork boards z, which are then pressed firmly to the guide laths y by means of a wing nut by means of a next corner clamp, which is inserted in i with the tension claws 11 and firmly encompasses the corner clamp rail i in il will. This process is then repeated over and over again.

If you want to produce inside corners, then only the Kramp slide is set in reverse with the sides in direction 11 on the Krampbolzen 1, and the thus assembled corner clamp is inserted into the guide rail of the corner clamp rails j with the pulling claws 11. The rest of the process is the same as for shuttering outside corners.

An Eclcdübelschiene K can also be used to create the outer corners both legs in two dowel slots of the shuttering boards z or battens y inserted. Then another one is attached to the shuttering boards from the outside z or -latten y set across the corner and both with one another by means of a spanner at f tied together. This procedure is reversed for inside corners.

Only one corner dowel rail K is simple for door and window corners either inserted into the dowel slots of the shuttering boards z or attached and fastened with key screws f.

The shuttering boards - can also be installed across the foundation trenches beforehand laid squared timbers are laid out as a base, in which case lath and board formwork, as these are shown in Fig. i and 3, just like as height formwork also as Depth formwork from the mentioned underlay led down between this "-earth.

_1, on cross-laid squared timbers are exactly aligned and horizontal Shelf dowel boards laid as an underlay. Two identical supports are used in the type of embodiment according to Fig. 2 or 3a (right outside) assembled upright against the inner edges of the base., loosely set vertically in the foundation trenches. Now put a sound-absorbing letter a, upright with an even protrusion at right angles to the base, first screw the two depth supports onto it, about 5o cm above a, and then screwed on in conjunction with one inclined strut a and diagonally with each other at the top a formwork climbing lug b or c on the depth supports. Then «-earths are screwed to a support feet from the closing angles g (Fig. I). In order to now hang from the base - from the two deep-rooting periods perpendicular on all sides in the foundation trenches. Now you put shuttering boards at the bottom against these depth supports z, then screws a cross connection across the depth supports, pushes the shuttering boards z firmly under this and fill the first layer with concrete V. Once this has been done, then you set the cross connection a little higher, connecting the two depth supports with binding wire II, which is tied up, removes the cross connection, - sets the second layer of shuttering boards z on the first, this time screw the cross connection two locking holes higher, and the concrete V can now also have several layers when turned high, must be completed perfectly flush and horizontally.

In this way, all the walls are laid in the foundation trenches and erected, then the base z, which has now served its purpose, can be removed will. The walls are now built by lengthening the supports using climbing lugs continued to be built on this original system in any number of layers.

If you want to use the latter as a base for slab formwork by combining the length and laying the formwork climbing lugs on top of each other, you can use them just like the one in Fig.? and 3 vertical supports a shown on the far right. They can also be radially guided through walls in the abutment and attached to the outside by lashing. Instead of the usual stiffeners, tension and compression struts made from climbing lugs are then screwed on. In addition, the sub-storage bars are denoted by -'f, cm and / or '/ ,; cm thick, rough wooden slats are reinforced vertically with formwork climbing lugs a, b or c screwed on both sides.

It is due to the strictly legal form arrangement of the formwork climbing lugs possible to absorb any stress on the scaffolding due to the pressure of the structure, as also according to Fig. i. 2, 3 and 7 a solid truss-like structure through cross connections Framework can be produced for the structure to be erected in between.

With the help of the components described, it is easy to create entire structures to erect in a relatively short time and, above all, considerable amounts of material to save for the equipment. It is only essential that the necessary items exactly manufactured «- earth. If that is the case, even a building can do without With the help of the plumb bob can be erected. So all surfaces and edges must be which can have influence on the dimensional accuracy of the building, smooth, straight and be sharp. By dowelling the laths and boards. like them above has been described, it is possible to save up to 1 / o K litzholz. The shuttering laths and boards need to be purchased once, and it is not necessary to cut them up as shuttering boards and as scaffolding boards. For example, if you plan only one side of the board off, so this side can be used for the shuttering, while the unplaned, rough side is used as a walk-on scaffolding board can. So two things are embodied in a board: Usage options, see above that thereby the wood requirement for a building is further reduced.

From the foregoing it can be seen that the most diverse construction methods with the new Shuttering procedure carried out «-earth. For example, the production of formwork for walls, partition walls, Niches, pillars and ceilings as well as the quick assembly of flawless light work equipment of all kinds and also of deep formwork for foundation trenches. Quite The shuttering method is particularly useful for veneered concrete structures. It creates the great advantage with these that the facing bricks, slabs, etc. Like. To use for shuttering and at the same time an extremely cheap To effect integration of these facing bricks in the concrete. But also made possible the use of the parts according to the invention a rapid construction of the building because given the possibility by the fast setting of the concrete with the facing bricks is to remove the formwork on the lower parts and move them up to the to use further supplement. The lower finished building layer would always be serve as a foundation for the formwork or armor to be erected above it.

Fig. 1 and 2 show the most varied options for formwork with the aid of a wide variety of facing materials, such as brick, clinker and natural stones, decorative tiles and panels, as well as natural and artificial lightweight panels of all kinds, for layered and / or closed construction. At points i to 5, 6, 7 , 8 , 9 , 10, 11, 12, 13, i4., I5, 16, 17 and i3, each layer shows several types of brick or slab formwork. ig indicates formwork using lightweight panels, with nails being inserted into this after the concrete has been poured. I means a = / 3 mm bolt and I 'a 3 ° / e mm bolt, both finite wing nuts. II indicates loosened binding wire. IV are intermediate layers made of wire and / or lightweight panels. V is cast or stamped concrete. As can be seen from the drawings, the 0uerbinder b go through the structure. They are covered with a shuttering sleeve q so that they can be easily pulled out after the structure has been integrated. The structure can be grouted immediately during construction. It is not necessary to wait for the building to be finished. Another advantage is a multi-colored blend joint, which allows the masonry to be produced in a fixed and ready-to-joint manner immediately. Blind cladding joints s, t, u and v are shown in section in Fig. 2. For sample purposes, glass plates with samples can also be used as cladding, which can then be easily removed later and used elsewhere.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Formwork scaffolding, primarily for concrete walls, in which the formwork consists of either removable boards or facing bricks or panels that remain on the component, characterized in that the formwork boards, facing bricks or the like are made up of perforated tabs (a, b, c , d, e) are held, the cross-bracing of which is carried out by the same brackets that cross the wall through intermediate joints. 2. Formwork scaffolding according to claim i, characterized in that for the production of the framework in addition to perforated tabs of various lengths, angles (g, lt, i, j, h) with optionally perforated legs of various lengths are used, which also serve as direct cladding to form concrete edges can. 3. Scaffolding after claims i and 2, characterized in that the brackets and brackets for the connection of shuttering boards are used by cutting them into at the abutting edges of the same Slots (y1, y ° -, z1) are embedded and fastened in them.