DE2228967A1 - CASED CONCRETE PRECAST AND CASED CONCRETE PRECAST CONSTRUCTION - Google Patents

Description

Shell concrete - prefabricated parts and shell concrete - prefabricated part - construction method As is well known, the conventional Nantelbetonbauweise consists in that factory Manufactured concrete or wood-cement shuttering blocks by hand in droves the construction site are smoothed out and then poured with concrete. Recently a concrete shell construction was also known, with the cement or magnesium-bound Wood wool - Lightweight panels (heraklith, Primanit, etc.)% nt m ~ -t The stirrups are formed into a jacket and then poured with concrete. the previously known Mantelbetonbauweisor have the disadvantage that a building wall from several groups of these shell concrete blocks or Mantelbetonpiatten composed must be (panel height 25 cm to 50 cm).

Naturally, this occurs during the masonry or only during the Pouring out the stones disadvantageous larger joints, bumps and protrusions in the Walls that absolutely require plastering that has a lot of moisture in the s Building brings. Reinforcement may be required due to the stone construction difficult to bring in. Any planned prefabricated electrical, sanitary or

Heating installation is not to be brought in at all, are known also wall panels and wall elements suitable as permanent formwork, in which between two plates, the inner surfaces of which have special contours, spacers or webs are arranged. These spacers or bars are either direct connected to the special profiles of the inner surfaces of the panels or from the special profiles themselves formed, which when the plates are arranged in pairs must fit exactly in order to form the gaps necessary for the concrete skeleton. Concrete is poured into the spaces between the slabs and webs, whereby a load-bearing, possibly reinforced, concrete skeleton is created.

A disadvantage of these known components is in particular seen that the panels not only during the pouring of concrete through the outside or internally placed supports or overarching brackets are fixed and held together Need to become. Furthermore, these wall panels are particularly profiled due to their Inner surfaces are not only difficult and expensive to manufacture, but also precisely fitting put together in pairs. These plates are very heavy. This construction requires reinforcement in any case, as the load-bearing part is a concrete skeleton.

The object of the present invention is to provide a cladding concrete - Precast construction method as well as creating precast parts which are the ones listed above There are no disadvantages and which is faster, simpler and more rational Production with versatile design possibilities of a building allows.

According to the invention, the task is to create a new shell concrete - prefabricated part - construction, which by the following process steps is characterized: a) Establishing a rigid connection between two storey-high buildings Straps (belts), b) Establishing an impossible or detachable fastening of plane-parallel, flat lightweight panels on the outer surfaces of the at a distance beams arranged next to each other, c) erecting and aligning the precast element, d) Filling in a filler between the two lightweight panels that create a jacket.

With the present invention, all the disadvantages of the known Avoided construction methods. Thus, there is an advantage of the invention in the efficient production large-scale elements. The straps (straps), which are made of square Wooden rods are made, are connected in the claimed manner, with the purpose alone lies in providing the girders with the necessary strength and rigidity for to provide transport, assembly and pouring at the construction site. These The requirement is achieved, for example, by a reinforcement mesh strip, the side of which Ends of the cross bars are pressed into the beam. These can be used as connecting elements serving strips over the entire height (length) of the carrier or only on certain Places, partially, e.g. at the two ends and in the frit.

The connection of the carrier is according to the invention such that they is approximately perpendicular to the outer surface.

The mat strips used to connect the carriers are included to be arranged according to a further feature of the invention such that at least one Rod des MaotensDre-fens runs between the two girders and parallel to them.

In the context of the invention, the possibilities are now advantageously given the so connected carriers separate from don Lightweight panels or to be transported to the construction site with the already assembled lightweight panels. Opposite to the known construction, both options offer the advantage of partially prefabricated, very light parts to the construction site in a space-saving manner and without special lifting equipment create and assemble there efficiently and quickly.

On both sides of the rigidly interconnected girders, they become non-detachable or releasably plane-parallel, flat lightweight panels attached, for example by iClami.ern, screws, nails, etc. As the width of the commercially available lightweight panels is limited, another feature of the invention is the lightweight panels to be attached in groups horizontally or vertically to the girders. These lightweight panels can according to the invention multilayer boards made of wood, insulation, cement or magnesium-bonded wood wool boards, plasterboard, synthetic resin products (laminate boards) be. The advantage is also that these are commercially available without difficulty panels to be produced at the same time as concrete formwork and as inner and outer walls to serve. The surfaces of the lightweight panels can advantageously be designed in such a way that that on the one hand (in the living rooms) immediately wallpaper, paint, etc. and on the other hand (outside) other protective layers can optionally be applied. Plastering in the usual way is not necessary.

The precast shell elements are according to the invention in erected State of cinem held on the beam and the steel angle connected to the ceiling also serves as a stop. In addition, assembly clamps are required for prefabricated jacket joints provided which temporarily, i.

during pouring, closed over both ends of the land elements are. In any case, care must be taken to ensure that between the carrier and the lightweight panels-at least at the time of construction - a positive and non-positive connection is guaranteed is to avoid the internal pressure later applied by the filler to the inner surfaces of the Santel (Filling pressure).

After the installation of the lightweight construction jacket attached to the girders At the construction site, this is filled with filler, which depends on the required loads elt is filled out. The filling speed is to be dosed in a corresponding manner. According to the invention, the filler can be any hardening material, such as concrete, Plastic concrete, plastic or foams.

The filling pressure of the plastic filler is not excessive at the time of potting to increase, the invention provides the possibility of Fill in the filler from the side, about halfway up a mantle. Here the lightweight panels are made with blind openers. provided that after filling up of the filler up to this opening and its hardening with the Openings are closed according to lightweight panels. The filler will therefore enclose the girders from free sides after the lining has been filled, as well as the inner surfaces touch the lightweight panels. To these plates in addition - in addition to the fastening To fix on the straps, another feature of the invention is also In addition to the beams on / in the lightweight panels, additional seated elements such as brackets, To insert hooks, screws, etc., which protrude into the shell space and from the (erhrte -ten) filler to be enclosed and worn. So in any case is an additional one and secure fastening, especially of smooth slabs that are difficult to adhere to concrete (z.,.

Plasterboard), guaranteed; in addition, this offers the Advantage that especially outer panels do not warp.

However, the construction according to the invention still offers the particularly advantageous one Possibility of completely or partially constructing one or both outer walls with exposed concrete; So if the coat, which is from an additional lying within the scope of the Xrfindung Formwork exists, can be removed again after the filler has hardened. Accordingly, another feature of the invention is that the lightweight panels of the shell (inner wall and / or outer wall) made of formwork panels made of wood, steel, etc. exist and are completely or partially (zonally) releasable. To achieve this, an embodiment according to the invention is that the connecting elements the support straps (bracing lattice ) by one on the vertical rod supporting Bebonknagge and a detachable carrier strap lying on it and that the formwork panels lying in one plane with the straps by means of a lumber and a -am the bracing lattice fixed, known per se Turnbuckle are temporarily tensioned.

After the filler has hardened, in which the (concrete) clasp remains, the turnbuckle is released, so that the Dr + belt fixed by the wood and the formwork panels lying on both sides of the support straps can be removed.

In this case, once the formwork has been removed, the stud is monolithic poured into the filler.

In this last-mentioned construction according to the invention with the detachable It is advisable to connect the inner surfaces of the formwork panels and girder straps are coated with the necessary release agent so that the filler does not stick to the Contact surfaces of these parts sticks.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided between the lightweight panels forming a jacket and connection of the girders in the structural steel lattice Laying pipes for electrical and sanitary installation as well as heating supply. These pipes point at the individual joints with the closest precast element corresponding connections. For sockets, switches, water connections and other Connections (chimney) are in the lightweight pla-oser.

corresponding openings are provided.

Apart from the fact that the connecting element of the opposite Carriers already bring a certain reinforcement of the filler, can also according to the invention between the jacket lightweight panels, another reinforcement made of bar, box or helically arranged rod ben be inserted.

Finally, an essential feature of the invention is that the wall elements with blind frames or finished frames provided openings for Doors, windows, etc. have. It is conceivable within the scope of the invention that an opening (window) is formed by two butting prefabricated elements. In any case, it is advisable to attach the blind frame and soffit to the To fasten girders (Tr> girders side surfaces). This makes another advantageous Possibility for a quick, efficient construction method. // The present invention In summary, it offers the advantages, on the one hand all the advantages of a prefabricated construction method surpass, on the other hand, all the disadvantages of the usual shell concrete construction methods Prevent as much as possible: Despite the low weight of the precast wall elements according to the construction according to the invention, great sound and heat insulation properties, since the In its final state, the structure is a real monolithic solid structure that also leaves all static possibilities in building construction open.

Fast and therefore efficient building is guaranteed.

Healthy, dry construction, as appropriate lightweight panels are used No wall plaster is required for the coat and therefore no unnecessary Building moisture is introduced into the structure.

Already installed or to be used afterwards in dummy frame 0 Window and door elements are possible.

The entire installation can easily be done in the prefabricated wall elements to be ordered.

As far as it is architecturally required, the inclusion is a Fair-faced concrete construction possible The one that occurs with conventional precast concrete construction large weight of the elements is avoided in the invention.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, in of the embodiments of the invention are illustrated; it show Fig.1 with Strut lattice connected carrier belts according to the invention in the horizontal and Vertical section; Fig.la an embodiment of the subject according to the invention Fig. 1; Fig.1b is a side view of a split carrier; 2 shows an inventive Shell concrete - prefabricated part Fig. 3 a vertical section through an erected shell concrete - Prefabricated part according to the invention Fig.4 a horizontal section through an inventive.

Shell concrete - prefabricated part - wall Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through a -invention-acc.

Prefabricated part with exposed concrete formwork on both sides, Fig. 6 an axonometric View of an invention.

Wall element and partition with corners and openings In Fig. 1 and ia represent n and 2 the two girders, which for example consist of floor-to-ceiling wooden sticks exist. In these wooden sticks there are holes evenly spaced so that that the ends of the rods 3 pressed in a reinforcement mat strip and possibly can be glued (Fig. 1). Thus there is a sufficient raft and form fit created between the two parts. The mat strip points between the two Supports vertical bars 3a and 3b, which are responsible for stiffening the connection are.

As can be seen from Fig. 1 a, the ends of the rods 3 wear the Mat strip beyond the two carriers la and 2a. These wire ends sticking out are used for the temporary fastening of the wooden supports by means of tension locks Fair-faced concrete construction (Fig. 5, 5a). These two carriers are divided (Fig. Ib). For example can with the help of known turnbuckle or screw connections V with the between the cross bars 3 arranged on the support parts 1a form a positive and non-positive connection be created. As a support of this carrier la and 2a is used Pin 12, which is described in more detail in connection with the exposed concrete construction '(Fig. 5 and 5a).

Fig. 2 shows a wall element F, in which on 5 pairs of supports (1 '- 2', 1 "- 2", ...) each of which corresponds to that of FIG. 1, lightweight panels 4a, b, c, d, e, as well as 5a, b, c, d, e are attached to their outer surface by clips. the Storey-high walls consist of a group of horizontally arranged lightweight panels 4 and 5. In order to obtain the required setting for a ceiling, the wall 4 has a lower height than the wall 5. The wall element also has a Reveal cladding 6 with blind frame 6a for a window.

As can be seen from the drawing, blind frames and soffit can be used be attached to the beams 1 and 2 by gluing, nailing, stapling or screws. The reveal cladding can also be made from a lightweight panel.

The vertically cut cladding concrete - precast construction element according to Fig. 3 is set up aif a ceiling 7, with the steel angle 8 on the one hand is connected to the carrier 2 and on the other hand to the ceiling 7, an exact fastening and a stop is guaranteed.

The lightweight panels attached to the girders are marked 4 and 5. The upper end of the precast concrete cladding part again shows that required for the ceiling 9 Version. To ensure an exact joint of the individual prefabricated parts - elements To secure, the assembly clamp 10 is provided, which over the front sides two butting elements (lightweight panel 4 and carrier 2) is pushed. the clamp is removed again after the filler has hardened. As can also be seen from FIG there are pipes in the jacket space for water (W), heating (H) and electricity (E) inserted.

A feed line leads from the power line to one in the wall plate 4 arranged socket.

Fig. 4 shows a precast concrete cladding elements according to the invention created wall as well as an embodiment of a wall corner. With 1 and 2 are the carrier, with 3 is the cross connection of the mat strip and with 4 and 5 are denotes the lightweight panels. In order to have sufficient stability of the jacket reach is at or in the immediate vicinity of a joint of the lightweight panels 4 and 5 and 4 'and 5' a pair of supports is provided, so that each of the pairs of supports 1 and 2, as well as 1a and 2a are arranged close together. This will also Alignment is possible using a stable mounting clamp 10 (Fig. 2).

The corner of the wall is created by standing upright on the plates 4 "and 5" End faces of the plates 4 'and 5' formed. The shell space between the two plates 4 and 5 is filled with filler 11 (e.g. concrete). A vertical strand S for the House sewerage (sanitary installation) with inwardly leading nozzles is schematic drawn.

In the further FIGS. 5 and 5a, the casing concrete according to the invention are - Shown precast elements with exposed concrete formwork. Only exposed concrete on one side required, on the one hand, the lightweight panels 4 in the manner already described attached to the beams 1, on the other hand, a cross bar 3 each leads through a Betonknagge 12, a rod-like support 1a, a lumber 14 to one on the cross bar 3 fastened turnbuckle 15. The carriers are, for example, on the cross bars (cf. Fig. 1a) of the attestreifen with a screw connection. Here you can the carrier be made in two parts, so that the intermediate cross bars can be braced on both sides of the carrier parts. (Fig. 1b). Between carrier and cross bars, a non-positive and detachable connection is necessary here is arbitrarily executable.

A simple way of connecting the two-part girders with the cross bars to brace, is seen in a snap lock connection of the support parts. With Using the turnbuckle 15 and the pin 14, the carrier 1a and the Formwork panels 16a and 16b lying on both sides of the carrier against those on the vertical bar 3a and 3b adjacent concrete studs 12 on which the outermost edges of the formwork panels lying on, tense. The lug 12 is therefore used to support the carrier 1a and the formwork panels 16 a and 16 b to be supported inwards. This is achieved by the fact that a Knagge 12 is attached to some of the cross bars 3 of a mat strip, so that they are supported against the vertical bars 3a and 3b.

(Fig. 1a). The cleat can advantageously be made of concrete, concrete-colored artificial stone, corrosion-resistant steel or similar

exist. The in the shell space between the formwork panels 16 a and 16 b and girders 1a as well as the lightweight panels filled concrete 11 lays down as a result Do not apply release agents to the formwork surfaces. There is a particular benefit to this Execution, these detachable formwork panels 16 only locally - architecturally conditional - to be provided.

The embodiment according to FIG. 5a differs from that according to Fig. 5 is only that here the jacket is built up from detachable formwork parts. Here, the parts 1a, 12, 14, 15, 16a and 16b correspond to those shown in FIG. The bracing grid of this detachable fair-faced concrete formwork is shown in Fig. 1a.

Finally, in Fig. 6 is a partial view of one according to the invention created, not yet covered storey shown. The prefabricated parts Ä, B, C and D form the outer walls, E an intermediate wall. In this example they are butting prefabricated elements B and C cut out for a window opening. the Prefabricated part - elements C and D, which contain an opening for a door, form a masonry corner, as shown in FIG. 4, for example. From the joint of the elements A and B is at right angles an intermediate wall E, which is also is produced according to the invention. The partition wall E is with Stick iron (not shown) connected or connected to the main wall. In this In the case, the main and connecting wall can be poured with concrete at different times will.

There is also the option of a continuous concrete core to be made of main and connecting wall, if there is a concrete core width Utoßfuge is provided. The wall panels for the exterior walls are - As shown in Fig. 3 - constructed so that the ceiling from the outer higher Lightweight panels is included and the inner panels as well as the panels of the intermediate - Complete the wall with the ceiling (not shown).

The clustered arrangement of the lightweight panels is not shown.

Claims (17)

PATENT CLAIMS Precast concrete shell construction characterized by the following process steps a) Establishing a rigid connection between two storey-high girders (belts 1, 2), b) Manufacture of a non-releasable or releasable fastening of plane-parallel flat lightweight panels (4, 5) on the outer surfaces of the at a distance next to each other arranged carrier (1, 29 c) erecting and aligning the prefabricated element (B) at the construction site d) filling in a filler (11) between the two, a jacket forming lightweight panels (4,5) and / or formwork panels (16). 2. precast concrete cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that that the carrier (1, 2) rod-shaped elements made of wood, laminates, plastics or metal and with metallic or non-metallic bracing elements (3; 3a, 3b) are rigidly connected. 3. Prefabricated part according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the carrier (1, 2) over the entire height (length) or only partially with strips made of welded wire mesh (3; 3a, 3b) are connected to one another in a force-fitting and form-fitting manner, the fasteners of the two opposite Carriers are perpendicular to the outer surface of the two carriers. 4. Prefabricated part according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that between the carriers (1, 2) at least one rod running parallel to these (a; 3b) the mat is present and the ends of this rod or rods vertical cross bars (3) of the mat strip in the holes of the two beams (1, 2) are pressed and, if necessary, glued. 5. Prefabricated part according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the ' Guide the ends of the cross bars (3) through the girders and protrude, the girders (1a, Ib) are divided and the so divided support parts thereby a screw or Snap lock connection (V) are interconnected. 6. Prefabricated part according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the formwork panels made of wood or steel (16a, 16b) of the Nantels (inside and / or outer wall) can be completely or partially (in zones) detachable. 7. precast part according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that that the connecting elements' (3) of the carrier by a catch (12) and one on it Guide the lying, detachable carrier belt (1a, 7b) and that the one with the carrier belts in a Formwork panels (16a, 16b) lying flat by means of a Contact wood (14) and one on the bracing grid (3) fixed, known per se Turnbuckle (15) is temporarily tensioned. 8. Prefabricated part according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that that the lightweight panels' (4, 5) for example by means of clamps, screws, hooks are attached to the carriers (1, 2). 9. Prefabricated part according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that that the lightweight panels (4, 5) made of multilayer panels made of wood, insulating materials, cement- or magnesium-bonded wood wool panels, plasterboard or synthetic resin products (Laminate panels) exist. 10. Prefabricated part according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that that the brackets located at the abutting wall element ends with a steel angle (8) are fixed on the ceiling (9). 11. Prefabricated part according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that that during the pouring of the jacket with prefabricated jacket element - joints assembly clamps (10) are provided, which are pushed over both end faces of the wall elements (2, 4) are. 12. Prefabricated part according to claims 1-11, characterized in that that the introduced between the two lightweight panels filler (11) from a curing Material such as concrete, plastic concrete, plastics or foams. 13. Prefabricated part according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that that the lightweight panels (4, 5) are provided with blind frames (6a) or finished frames Have openings for doors and windows. 14. Prefabricated part according to claims 1 to 13, characterized in that that the lightweight panels (4, 5) are closable concrete filling openings in the middle as well as all openings necessary for installations (for sockets, switches, water, Gas, etc.). 15. Prefabricated part according to claims 1 to 14, characterized in that that between the lightweight panels (4, 5) pipes (W, H, E, S) for electrical, sanitary and heating installations are inserted, each to the adjoining prefabricated element have a connection or transition piece. 16. Prefabricated part according to claims 1 to 15, characterized in that that between the lightweight panels (4, 5) in addition a known reinforcement made of rods, boxes or screws arranged rods or other reinforcements (Fibers) are provided for the filler. 17. Prefabricated part according to claims 1 to 16, characterized in that that on / in the lightweight panels (4, 5) next to the fasteners on the beams additional elements protruding into the shell space can be provided.