DE7234742U - Loading and unloading platforms, in particular for trucks - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a loading or unloading platform, in particular for trucks, which is attached to a carrier so that it can be opened and folded down about a horizontal axis, which in turn is arranged to be movable up and down on a stationary frame.

Loading and unloading platforms of this type are used extensively in trucks. The actual loading / unloading platform generally has a relatively small height (in relation to the folded-up state) and is therefore quite light and can be operated without difficulty

by hand from the folded up, closed position into the folded down, mostly horizontal position can be lowered and vice versa. Flexible holding means are usually used to hold the platform in the folded-down position, like chains, which are attached to points between the carrier and the flap at a distance from the axis of rotation of the platform are. In this position, the platform as a loading platform can be moved from the ground up to the level of the flatbed floor of the truck for loading goods and can be moved in the same way in the opposite sense, it can be used as an unloading platform. A hydraulically controlled lifting device is usually used to move the machine up and down.

The object of the invention is to create a loading or «ί

Off-loading, the (relative to the folded-up state) having a larger height dimensions I having laser de-j Abladeklappe, for example is provided for cattle cars. Tue to

Loading-unloading devices now used on cattle trucks! are actually nothing more than a removable rear wall of the cargo space, which can also be used as a walkway for entry and exit

loading of cattle is usable. Such a rear wall is relatively heavy and difficult to handle.

In particular, the invention aims to create such a loading / unloading platform, wherein the (high) rear wall

of a cargo space not only as with the ones confessed up to now Cattle wagon can also be used as a running board, but can also serve as a loading and unloading platform and can also be easily folded up into the closed position. To this end, the invention is based on a loading / unloading platform of the type described above, which thereby is marked that the loading / unloading platform with a Lever arm is provided, which can be either in an effective or ineffective position with respect to a stationary frame part can be moved and in the effective position so old the stationary frame part ζ ν ^^ iienworks that a movement of the carrier luach up or down with a is connected to folding up or down movement of the loading / unloading platform.

With this loading / unloading device, the loading / unloading platform is

form can be used in various ways, both as a running board and as a loading and unloading platform. The latter function is of particular interest, for example, in cattle wagons in which the cattle are housed in compartments one above the other in the hold; the loading / unloading platform in the device according to the invention can in such cases the lows immediately from the bottom to each of departments and vice versa. To fold up the heavy platform is just a simple one, no effort

Requiring process necessary, and zwai · needs raar * to do so to move the lever arm into a certain position in relation to the stationary frame part cooperating with it.

In a practical embodiment of the loading / unloading device according to the invention, the lever arm is fixed to the loading / unloading platform attached and belongs to a toggle linkage, the second lever arm of which is detachable at its free end stationary frame part attacks "

Preferably, the free end of the second lever arm is in Made in the form of a hook, with an open catch for the stationary frame part designed as a pivot pin. According to this embodiment, the loading / unloading platform] does not first need to be at a certain height on the carrier.

h to be brought to the platform in its effective or un-

Shift the effective position in relation to the stationary frame part

to be able to, as this can be done in a relatively large height range. For example, it is sufficient if the second lever arm when it moves from the inoperative position to the operative position, it simply comes to rest on the pivot pin. This The pivot pin then occurs during the upward movement of the The carrier, for folding up the loading / unloading platform, automatically locks into its notch, whereupon the actual folding movement can take place and vice versa.

According to another feature of the invention is on the frame, lowering.

right about the axis of rotation of the load Abladeplattform one. Notch provided for catching a locking element protruding from the loading / unloading flap, this notch and

this locking element are arranged in such a way that ^.

when folding the platform up into its vertical position ^: >

The locking element comes to rest over the notch and with a |

small lowering movement of the carrier with the platform in f the vertical position enters this notch . In this

Way is a secure locking of the platform in its :

Folded up closed position guaranteed. .

The invention is illustrated below using an exemplary embodiment, '.

which is shown in the drawing , explained in more detail. ■

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a side view of the load-unloading device according to the invention, mounted at the rear end of the loading space of a truck, wherein . the loading / unloading platform is shown in its lowest and at the same time unfolded position}

FIG. 2 is a view as in FIG. 1, namely in a state during the folding up or down of the platform; FIG.

Fig. 3 is a view as in Figs. 1 and 2, namely

with the loading / unloading plate in its folded up and locked position and 4 shows an exemplary embodiment in a schematic manner of the control diagram for the loader-unloader according to the invention.

According to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the loading / unloading device according to the invention is mounted at the rear end of the loading space of a truck, for example a cattle truck.

The actual loading / unloading platform is denoted by 1 and is articulated to a support 4 around a pin 3 on the two longitudinal sides of a truck by means of a support arm 2 attached to its longitudinal edge. The pivot pin 3 is arranged on a bracket 5 at the lower end of the carrier 4. The carrier 4 i & t on the relevant longitudinal side of the truck can be moved up and down in the vertical direction and is connected to the guide rail 6 which, with the corresponding guide rail on the other side of the truck, forms the vertical delimiting edges of the loading space opening of the truck.

The carrier 4 is on the side facing away from the viewer with a number (in the illustrated embodiment

/ 11

four) guide rollers 7 are provided, which can be moved up and down in the vertical direction in the guide track of the rail 6 running, which e.g. has a U-shaped cross-section, wherein the leg ends are bent towards one another, leaving a passage gap for the pins of the guide roller # a 7 are.

On the carrier 4 is at 8 one end of a shown schematically Chain 9 attached, which initially extends over a distance vertically to oten, there over a next to the upper end of the guide rail 6 about a fixed point 10 of the truck body rotatable sprocket is diverted downwards and then via a second sprocket 12 again over a certain distance in the upward direction extends, namely up to the anchoring point 13 on the stationary cylinder 15 of a vertical Hydraulic piston-cylinder device 14 attached below the sprocket 11 to the truck body.

The sprocket 12 is rotatably attached to the forked lower end 16 of the piston rod 17

It is evident that the carrier 4 when the piston rod 17 is pushed out or inward from or into the cylinder 15 on each of the longitudinal sides of the truck

-B-

together rait the loading / unloading platform attached to them 1 move along the two guide rails 6 upwards or downwards.

In Fig. 1, the piston rod 17 is in the fully retracted position, so that the carrier 4 is its lowest Takes position. The loading / unloading platform 1 is thereby supported by the holding chain 18 shown schematically

\ held in a horizontal position. In this situation, which one

; is labeled I, the loading / unloading platform is

j form 1 at ground level, and those to be used in the lorry

j, loaded goods, e.g. livestock, can be loaded onto the platform

\ will be set. The platform can then be used as a lifting platform

! shape can be raised by pushing the piston rod 17

Can move, So is dash-dotted and with II the La- '] ge denotes in which the loading / unloading platform

F is at the level of the platform floor 20, while the

'"" position marked III e.g. the height of a second loading

floor, which is at a distance above the The lower platform floor 20 formed by the floor of the truck is located. The piston rod is in position III 17 in its lowest, fully extended position.

If the loading / unloading platform 1 is supported at its free end when approaching its lower layer I,

that the chain 18 only hangs slack when the carrier 4 arrives in its lower position, and is hooked from the platform 1 and / or from the carrier 4 and then the carrier 4 is moved up again until the axis of rotation 3 is approximately level with the floor 2o is, the platform 1 can be used as the bottom ramp or Helling flow between the platform floor 20 and.

Up to this point, the construction and the effect of the loading-unloading device do not actually differ significantly from those of the above-mentioned known loading-unloading devices.

In the following, the means will now be described with which you can connect a lifting of the carrier 4 with a penden upward or downward movement of the platform %.

These means comprise a lever arm 21 which forms a piece with the support arm 2 and forms an obtuse angle with it, the axis of rotation of the platform 1 being located approximately at the angle between the two arms. The lever arm 21 also forms one part of a toggle linkage 22, the other part of which is formed by a second lever arm 23 which is connected to the lever arm 21 in an articulated manner and rotatable about an axis 24. The free end

of the lever arm 23 is in the form of a hook 25 'with an open Notch 25a executed for an element to be described below.

In the in Fi ^. 1 position of the lever arm 23 shown with solid lines, the toggle linkage is in an inactive position. If, however, in position I (FIG. 1) the lever arm 23 "flips over" to the left, this lever arm comes to rest in the position shown with dashed lines on a pin or pin 26 which is firmly attached to the truck frame.

If you can now move the carrier 4 with the platform 1 from the position I in Fig. 1, the lever arm 23 assumes its effective position shown in dashed lines, it is clear that the lever 23 during the first part of the carrier 4 moves up, and upward movement of the pin 26 along the same time a tilting movement to the left (as seen in Fig _v 1) to perform this pin around. After passing the turning point, ie the moment at which the hinge point 24 of the toggle linkage is at the same height as the pivot pin 26, the lever arm 23 begins to slide in the opposite direction over the pin 26, ie in the sense that the hook 25 with its notch 25a then again closer to

Pivot pin 26 comes to rest.

At a certain moment this sliding movement is ended in that the catch 25a engages around the pin 26. From that moment on, the flap becomes the next one forced upward movement of the carrier 4 to carry out a folding movement. Fig. 2 shows the Moment in which the platform is already moving over a certain angle from its horizontal position in this way turned up vur-ds.

When the carrier 4 is moved further upwards, it stretches the toggle linkage 22 increases more and more, and the platform 1 continues to fold up. Finally the state is reached in which the platform is vertical and the toggle linkage 22 is practically stretched. This condition is shown in Fig. 3 with dashed lines. In this state, a provided on the longitudinal edge of the flap 1 is located Locking pin 27 directly above a corresponding locking catch on the inside of the guide rail 6 fixed support 29. If the pressure supply for the piston-cylinder device 14 turns off, the carrier 4 will begin with the platform under the influence of its own weight to move downwards move. The locking pin 27 enters the detent 28,

while at the same time the pin 26 is slightly from the Rete 25a of the hook 25 releases. Once the latch pin 27 lies completely in the notch 28, no further lowering movement of the carrier 4 with the platform 1 is possible, and the platform 1 is locked in its folded-up position, which closes the rear of the cargo space. These Position is shown in Fig. 3 with solid lines.

In order to fold down the platform 1 from the closed position shown in solid lines in FIG. 1, the unit consisting of the carrier 4 and the platform 1 is initially intended to be moved upwards over a certain distance so that the locking pin 27 comes out of its detent 28, whereupon a lowering movement of the carrier »4 die Downward movement of the platform 1 will result, provided that by briefly exerting a force P on the platform (see Fig. 3) is provided for an initial moment and the locking pin 27 is not so new in his rest can enter. This force P can, for example, be rotatable on the truck frame with the aid of the one shown in Fig. 3 mounted eccentric cam disk -30.

In the timing diagram of Fig. 4, the single-acting one Piston-cylinder device 14 together with a container

31, an I-uirpe 32 and a control valve 33 into a hydraulic one Circle added. The upper end of the cylinder 15 is by means of a line 34 with adjustable volume resistance 35 connected to the opening 36 of the hydraulic control valve 33. A second opening 37 of the valve 33 is connected by a return line 38 to the container 31, while that through the suction line 39 with the tank 31 connected to the pump through the pressure line is connected to the third opening of the valve 33. With 42 the operating lever is referred to, with which the actual Valve body, which is not shown in more detail in the drawing, can be switched into three positions, and although in a position "raise", a position "lower" and a neutral position, which in Fig. 4 nsit H, D and N-designated positions of the operating lever 42 correspond. In the "lift" position, the valve body connects of the hydraulic control valve 33 the ports 36 and 41, and therefore a hydraulic means is the upper End of the cylinder 15 supplied, whereby the piston rod 17 is pushed out and a lifting movement of the Carrier 4 takes place. In the "lowering" position, the valve body connects the openings 36 and 41 with the opening 37, so that the pressure in the cylinder 15 drops and the piston rod 17 moves under the influence of the force acting on it Weight ei ρ 3 carrier 4 is able to push back into the cylinder. In the neutral position or holding position it closes

the valve body of the valve 33 closes the opening 36, so that neither liquid can flow to the cylinder 15 nor can liquid flow away therefrom. In this position of the Control valve so the loading-unloading device is blocked.

To cause the loading / unloading platform to fold up automatically falls into its locking position, a valve 43 is also arranged in the hydraulic circuit, which is normally closed, but opens as soon as the platform 1 folds up the vertical Has reached position and which then connects the pressure line 40 with the opening 37 and therefore with the return line 38. As a result of the operation of the valve 42, the pressure in the cylinder 15 drops immediately, whereby the platform 1 also falls its locking pin 27 can sink into the locking detent 28.

To limit the upward movement of the loading / unloading device, a stop lever is also shown in the control diagram according to FIG. 4 44 is provided, which is articulated to the operating lever 42 by means of a connecting rod 45 is. The stop lever 44 works together with a stop 46, which is shown schematically in the diagram according to FIG is shown and is attached to the support 4, for example.

When the carrier 4 moves upwards and its upper position approaches, which corresponds to, for example, a position III in Fig. 1, the stop 46 abuts the stop lever, which at this moment in the lines in FIG. 1 by dashed illustrated lever position H stands. The stop lever 44 is now pushed back by the stop 46 into the neutral position N shown in solid lines in FIG. 4, whereby the carrier 4 is blocked in its position. To limit the lowering movement of the carrier 4 , the carrier can simply be stopped at a stationary stop.

Claims (3)

It * * · Claims: 1. Loading or unloading device, especially for Trucks, with a loading / unloading platform that can be folded up and down around a horizontal axis is attached to a carrier, which in turn is movable up and down on a stationary Frame is arranged, characterized in that the loading-unloading platform (1) is provided with a lever arm (23) which can be converted into an effective or ineffective Can be offset against a stationary frame part and in the effective position Position cooperates with the stationary frame part in such a way that a movement of the carrier (4) up or down with an upward or downward movement the loading / unloading platform (1) is connected. 2. Loading or unloading device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever arm (21) is firmly attached to the platform (1) and becomes a toggle linkage (22) belongs, the second lever arm (23) at its free end releasably on the stationary frame part attacks. 3. Loading or unloading device according to claim 2, characterized in that the second Lever arm (23) in the form of a hook with an open catch (25a) for the hinge pin (26) trained stationary frame part is formed. k. Loading or unloading device according to claim 3, characterized in that a catch (28) is provided on the frame, perpendicularly above the axis of rotation (3) of the platform (1), for catching a locking element (27) protruding from the platform (1), this catch (28) and this locking element (27) are arranged in such a way that when the platform (1) is folded up into its vertical position, the locking element (27) comes to rest above the catch (28) and with a slight lowering movement of the The carrier (4), with the platform (1) in the vertical position, enters this notch (28).