DE7201610U - Wall element in sandwich construction - Google Patents

Description

Franz Mayer's see
Court Art Institute

8000 Munich 2 January 15, 1972

Seidlstrasse 25 File M 2

Wall element in sandwich construction

The invention "relates to a wall element in sandwich construction, "in which an intermediate layer is embedded between an upper and a lower plastic cover layer.

Especially with flat wall elements that are used for cladding of facades, interior walls or ceilings and are held in linear or punctiform fashion, it is known (DT-Gmb 7 033 015), the wall element with regard to a high strength and dimensional stability by gluing an intermediate layer with upper and lower cover layers of the same size to reinforce in sandwich construction. Tongue and groove connections are used to fasten the elements the side edges of the intermediate layers provided. In the built The condition of such wall elements is at least one of several elements on the outer edges.

set wall cladding of the layered structure of the elements visible, making the shapely appearance of the Wall cladding is affected. In addition, the individual elements can be closed after the bite because of the tongue and groove connections do not change any more. Willow, on the other hand, detachable fastening means for holding the elements, Such as screws, nails, cover strips or the like., Used, so these interfere with the overall visual impression of the cladding.

According to the invention, a wall element is to be created in a sandwich construction, which is visually appealing Design can be detached, but can be attached to the wall surface not visible from the outside.

For this purpose, the invention creates a wall element of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that on the outer edges of the upper cover layer a downwardly bent circumferential side strip is formed that in the lower cover layer and the intermediate layer are arranged downwardly open recesses, and that in the Recesses held at a distance resilient locking members are sunk, which are releasably in corresponding Support elements attached to the wall surface can be snapped in

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In the case of the wall element according to the invention, the arrangement of the circumferential side strip apart from an additional reinforcement of the upper cover layer in the area of the outer edges, especially the lower cover layer and the intermediate layer is covered so that the sandwich construction of the wall element in the installed state is not is visible, even if visible joints are kept free between the elements, and through the one on the back of the element running through the back sandwich layers Recesses in which resilient locking members which can be releasably connected to the support elements are fastened are, with easy interchangeability of the wall elements, the visually appealing appearance is further improved, because as a result of the recessed arrangement of the locking members embedded in the sandwich layers, the wall element can be attached in a simple manner with a small distance to the wall surface. Overall, the inventive Wall element with high dimensional stability and at the same time simple assembly and replacement options an extremely elegant appearance, as both its sandwich construction and the fasteners are not visible si ad and also the distance to the wall surface can be kept extremely small.

In the case of a polygonal design of the wall element that is flat in the area of the sandwich reinforcement, the recesses are

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in view of a simple production expediently formed in that the intermediate layer and the lower Cover layer end with a preferably substantially uniform spacing in front of the polygonal sides of the wall element. As a result of this relocation of the recesses to the edge zones of the wall element, the central areas are more at risk of bending Areas of the element a continuous, uninterrupted formation of the sandwich layers and thus an optimal Gain reinforcement and at the same time that of the fasteners locking forces to be applied to absorb external tilting moments acting on the wall element, if possible kept small.

In a further, particularly preferred embodiment, the

of their
lower cover layer connected directly to the upper cover layer in the area / outer edges, preferably integrally molded onto the upper cover layer. Through this

a part of the force flow is advantageous, especially in the case of bending stresses, bridging the Intermediate layer carried away directly from the upper to the lower cover layer, with the result that undesirable Loads on the intermediate layer and in particular shear and tensile stresses at the connection points of the Intermediate layer with the upper or lower cover layer prevents grounding.

With a view to high dimensional stability and strength and at the same time for reasons of good weather and corrosion resistance, the cover layers are expediently made of a thermosetting plastic, preferably of glass fiber reinforced polyester, while at the same time sufficiently high fire resistance can be ensured. In this case, the cover layers can be produced in a particularly simple, cost-saving manner using the spraying method.

Optionally, the cover layers can also be made of a thermoplastic, which is especially beneficial for less recommends heavily used, not so high quality wall elements because of the lower manufacturing costs. With a view to simple production, the cover layers are expediently deep-drawn in this case.

Because of its low weight and its ease of processing at the same time, it is used as the material for the intermediate layer preferably foam used.

For optical reasons, the wall element can at least partially consist of translucent plastic, and the upper cover layer can be colored and / or high-gloss on its visible surface.

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To further improve the detachable, but not externally visible fastening device are in particular Preferably, the locking members are formed by leaf springs bent in the shape of a hook and continuous as support elements Support rails provided on their upstanding legs at the mutual spacing of the leaf springs are penetrated by upwardly narrowing locking openings for receiving the leaf springs. Let through this Wall cladding made up of a large number of wall elements can be quickly and safely attached to a facade, inner wall or attach a ceiling; the locking openings for the releasable elastic locking of the wall elements are already in front of the Installation punched into the continuous support rails with the required mutual spacing in the simplest possible way, to each of which a large number of wall elements can be attached, with the special feature that the detachable elastic locking with the help of leaf springs is able to withstand high loads without material fatigue and an unintentional loosening of the wall elements is prevented with the necessary security. The Wall elements without difficulty even after a long time, for example with the help of powerful suction devices that can be attached to the visible surface of the waffle elements, removed and replaced.

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In order to fix the wall elements in the lateral direction of the mounting rails without additional components, the Leaf springs in a particularly "preferred manner" on their arms engaging in the latching openings with recesses in the Provided the width of the legs of the mounting rails.

Furthermore, the leaf springs are expediently in the area of the Outer circumference of the wall elements, preferably attached to the side strips of the wall elements ". In further advantageous Embodiment, the lower edge of the leaf springs does not protrude beyond the lower edge of the side strips;

Completely
This / recessed arrangement of the leaf springs reduces the risk of damage or injury during transport and assembly and enables the wall elements to be packaged more easily.

The free leaf spring arms expediently run obliquely inwards and upwards from the lower edge of the leaf springs. With this shape of the leaf springs, the locking forces can be adjusted to desired values in a simple manner set and at the same time the free leaf spring ends are housed in a protected position.

Furthermore, several are preferably rotated at an angle to one another Leaf spring kits are provided so that the wall panels

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can be attached in different rotational positions to the mounting rails connected to the wall surface. With a view to simple manufacture and fastening, two leaf springs are expediently in each case a common, integrally formed peder element, with one leaf spring each one of the Leaf spring sets is assigned. A very cheap attachment results when a spring element bent at an angle is arranged in each of the corners of a polygonal wall element is. It is advisable to attach the peder element to the side strip of the wall element with two rivets, so that only as few fasteners as possible are required to connect the leaf springs to the wall elements will. Additionally or alternatively, the leaf springs can also be glued to the wall elements, which is often the case results in a particularly inexpensive, permanent connection.

The leaf springs expediently work together in pairs, with their bent-over ones facing one another free arms in the unloaded state have a mutual distance that is slightly smaller than the distance the associated latching openings on the mounting rail leg iso. With this type of releasable lock, it snaps a part of the mounting rail leg lying between two locking openings between the facing free arms of the leaf springs, creating a particularly flat

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Attachment of the wall elements with a small distance from the Can achieve wall surface and at the same time the 'locking forces can be increased considerably. As the leaf springs are in the locked position in the pre-tensioned state, this also provides a backlash-free, chatter-proof Connection of the wall elements with the support rails ensured. The locking openings are preferably mirror-symmetrical formed and two leaf springs of adjacent wall elements can be inserted into the locking openings. This reduces the number of locking openings required and at the same time the wall elements can with be mounted close to each other.

The support rails preferably have a U-shaped cross section and are each provided with locking openings on both legs, which makes assembly even easier because the continuous mounting rail not only one behind the other, but also adjacent locking openings, which are already at the exact mutual distance. The mounting rail legs can each be used to hold a number of wall elements lying one behind the other, so that the mounting rail about runs in the middle of the wall elements; however, the two legs of the mounting rail are preferably each side by side wall elements on their

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Side edges can be connected, so that the wall elements are held by fastening points that are as far out as possible v / ground and still the U-shaped support rails can be made relatively narrow. On the outer edges the wall cladding, on the other hand, the wall elements preferably pick up over both support rail legs and can be connected to the respective outer mounting rail leg, so that the outer U-shaped mounting rails can also be used to protect and conceal both legs.

The wall elements can expediently be attached to the mounting rails essentially without joints in order to achieve the elegant To improve the appearance of the wall cladding and the entire substructure, including the support rails, if possible to cover.

The mounting rails are preferably fastened vertically on vertical walls so that condensation or water can accumulate Rainwater is prevented.

With regard to a high resistance to weathering and corrosion as well as easy manufacturability, the Support rails advantageously made of folded aluminum profiles and the leaf springs are made of stainless steel.

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The invention will now be based on an exemplary embodiment explained in more detail in connection with the drawings. Show it:

Figure 1 shows the bottom view of one designed according to the invention Wall element;

FIG. 2 shows a section of the wall element according to the invention along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;

Figure 3 is a plan view of four adjacent wall elements, broken on three adjacent wall elements shown mounting rails are attached;

FIG. 4 shows a perspective illustration of a section of a support rail;

FIG. 5 shows a perspective illustration of an angled spring element;

FIG. 6 shows a partial section along the line 6-6 of FIG. 3; FIG. 7 shows a partial section along the line 7-7 of FIG.

The wall elements 2 consist of an upper cover layer 12, which is flat on its visible surface or three-

is dimensionally patterned, a lower cover layer 14 and an intermediate layer 16. On the outer circumference of the polygonal, according to the Dign. 1 and 3 of the square wall elements 2, a side tire 4 running downward from the upper cover layer 12 is formed, which is closed off by a lower edge 6. From this side strip 4, the sandwich reinforcement 10 formed from the cover layers 12, 14 and the intermediate layer 16 is kept substantially uniformly spaced, whereby recesses 18 in the form of a circumferential / • line for receiving the deep fastening devices are kept free between the sandwich reinforcement 10 and the side strip 4 will.

The lower cover layer is in the area of their outer edges 2U 1- integrally connected to the upper cover layer 12, see above :: 2.i :. a direct flow of power between the two .Deckscicien 12,14 available iot and on heavy duty Verkleouncen between the foam intermediate GC: icht 15 and the upper or lower cover layer 12, 14 can be dispensed with, and the intermediate layer 16 can never either wa.ben.fürmi-2 or otherwise perforated, .; r, the lower corner.se. ichx 14 can be made up of one or more there are older stripes in front of eggs, at their sight - ... l'Jcne Ϊ3Τ riie upper jacket layer 12 colored and high r ;; lanaend

e oeiaen ec: 3c · icrten 12,14 including the pages:. ·. · ei ^ nε 4 "-iunner: a-: ε a ^ m deep ¹ -eso ^ ien thermoplastics

π ■ > ¹ «

..er ^ estellt, but are preferably made of glass fiber reinforced Polyester that is injected or otherwise applied in layers into a mold, v / obei first the upper cover layer 12 made of gelcoat and laminate rail formed, then the intermediate layer 16 is placed and finally the lower cover layer 14 is attached. In this lall, the plastic layers are made of a flame-retardant material, which is particularly important for wall elements for external facades is also made weatherproof and corrosion-resistant. For coloring the wall elements either the plastic compound is colored or a colored layer is provided on the upper cover layer 12. If If lighting is attached behind the wall elements 2 for optical reasons, the wall elements 2 can also consist at least partially of translucent plastic or it can be in the sandwich layers 12, 14 or 16 the wall elements 2 corresponding light passages be formed.

In each polygonal corner 8 of the wall elements 2, a spring element 104 is attached, for example laminated on. As Figure 5 shows most clearly, the spring element consists of two springs 100, which at their freely upwards and inwards bent spring arms 102 are provided with recesses 108. Fastening bores 106 can also be formed on the spring elements 104, via which the spring elements 104 can be additionally or optionally fastened by two rivets in a corner 8 of a wall element 2.

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In the installed state, the lower edge 6 of the wall element 2 projects slightly beyond the lower edge 110 of the spring element 104 · With regard to good weather resistance, the spring elements 104 are made of rustproof Stole.

To releasably hold the wall elements 2, U-shaped support rails 118 are used, which are spaced apart and with vertical alignment next to each other and on the lower surface, for example the passade, via spacers be screwed or otherwise fastened so that their legs 122 protrude upwards. To the Support rail legs 122 are at predetermined intervals, which correspond approximately to the length of a wall element 2, mirror-symmetrically formed latching openings 124 punched, which narrow towards the top and each by two facing locking lugs 128 are limited. The support rails 118 consist of a folded aluminum profile.

When the wall elements 2 are attached to the support rails 118 act the leaf spring arms 102 of the respective leaf springs lying transversely to the legs 122 of the support rails 118 100 with the corresponding locking lugs 128 of the locking openings 124 together, whereby the leaf spring arms 102 initially

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be resiliently bent towards the side strips 4 and then with their inwardly protruding ends behind the Snap in locking lugs 128. The width of the recesses corresponds approximately to the width of the mounting rail legs 122, so that by the interaction of the recesses 108 with the edges of the locking openings 124 also a fixation of the Wall elements 2 is guaranteed in the lateral direction. Each locking opening 124 serves to accommodate two leaf springs 100, each of which is assigned to adjacent wall elements 2. The leaf springs that are not in engagement 100 of each spring element 104 are located on the inside of the legs 122 and then come into engagement with the latching openings 124 when the wall element 2 is attached to the support rail 118 in a position rotated by 90 ° will.

The support rails 118 are below the butt joints of two adjacent rows of wall elements 2, as FIGS. 3 and 7 show most clearly. Thus, at a point of intersection of four adjacent wall elements 2, two each act adjacent locking openings 124 of a support rail 118 with four leaf springs 100, each on different Wall elements 2 are attached, together. This allows an essentially seamless fastening of the wall elements with an extremely small number of components that are easy to manufacture.

720161025.5.72

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The spring strength of the leaf springs 100 and the shape of the leaf spring arms 102 and the locking lugs 128 are dimensioned so that an unintentional detachment of the wall elements 2 from the support rails 118 is prevented with certainty. In the unstressed state, the leaf spring arms 102 follow at about 45 ° above and inside; in the locked position, however, they are bent up to et v / a 50 ° towards the leaf springs 100 and are pretensioned and at an angle of about 75 ° at the edges that narrow upwards at about 45 ° Latches 12S on. With a chatter-free mounting, this results in sufficiently high, easily predeterminable locking forces; at the same time this means that the wall elements can be removed 2 enables the spring arms 102 as a result of their relative to the upwardly narrowing edges of the locking lugs 128 slide along the inclined position of the latching lugs 128 when the appropriate separating forces are applied and can be bent against their biasing force to the side strips 4 and thus can be separated from the locking lugs 128 again. Powerful suction cups can be used to remove the wall elements 2, which are attached to the visible surfaces of the wall elements 2.

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Claims (34)

Franz Mayer'sehe Hofkunstanstalt Munich 2 Seidlstraße 25 File M 2 Protection claims 1. Wall element in sandwich construction, in which between a an intermediate layer is embedded in the upper and lower plastic cover layers, characterized in that that on the outer edges of the upper cover layer (12) a downwardly bent circumferential side strip (4) is formed that in the lower cover layer (14) and the intermediate layer (16) downwardly open recesses (18) are arranged, and that in the recesses (18) resilient locking members (100) held at a distance are fastened sunk and releasably in corresponding support elements (118) attached to the wall surface can be snapped into place. 2. Wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that it is polygonal and in the area of the sandwich reinforcement (10) is flat and for "forming the exterior"; mings (18) the intermediate layer (16) and the lower cover layer (14) at a distance in front of the polygon sides of the and element (2) ends. / 3. Wall element according to claim 2, characterized in that the intermediate layer (16) and the lower cover layer (14) end at a substantially uniform distance in front of the polygonal sides of the -vandelements (2), see 4. Wall element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower cover layer (14) in the area of their ..? Outer edges (20) is connected directly to the upper cover layer (12). y 5. Wall element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower cover layer (14) is integrally formed on the upper cover layer (12) in the region of its outer edges (20). , 6. Wall element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover layers (12, 14) are made from a thermoset. • 7. Wall element according to claim 6, characterized in that that the cover layers (12, 14) consist of glass fiber reinforced polyester.
J ' .19- 8. Wall element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover layers (12, 14) are produced by injection molding. / 9. Wall element according to one of claims 1 "to 5, characterized characterized in that the cover layers (12,14) are made of a thermoplastic. 10. Wall element according to claim 9, characterized in that the cover layers (12, 14) are deep-drawn .. 11. Wall element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate layer (16) is a foam layer. 12. Wall element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is at least partially translucent plastic. / 13. Wall element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper cover layer (12) is colored on its visible surface. 14. Wall element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the visible surface of the upper Top layer (12) is high-gloss. / 15. Wall element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking members are formed by hook-shaped bent leaf springs (100) and continuous support rails (118) are provided as support elements, which on their upstanding legs (122) at the mutual spacing of the leaf springs ( 100) are penetrated by upwardly narrowing locking openings (124) for receiving the leaf springs (100), y 16. Wall element according to claim 15, characterized in that the leaf springs (100) on their arms (102) engaging in the latching openings (124) with recesses (108) in the width of the mounting rail legs (122) for laterally fixing the wall elements (2) are provided with respect to the support rails (118). S. 17. Wall element according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that that the leaf springs (100) are arranged in the area of the outer circumference of the wall elements (2). 18. Wall element according to claim 17 _t characterized in that the leaf springs (100) are attached to the side strips (4) of the wall elements (2)., 19. Wall element according to claim 18, characterized in that that the lower edge (110) of the leaf springs (100) the lower edge (6) the side strip (4) does not protrude. 20. Wall element according to any one of claims 15 'to 19', that the free leaf-spring arms (102) from the lower edge (110) extends obliquely of the leaf springs (100) and extend inwardly above. ^ 21. Wall element according to one of claims 15 "to 20, characterized in that a plurality of leaf spring sets rotated at an angle to one another are provided for fastening the wall elements (2) in different rotational positions. _Y 22. Wall element according to claim 21, characterized in that two leaf springs (100) on a common, integrally formed spring element (104) are arranged. V 23. Wall element according to claim 22, characterized in that in the corners (8) of a polygonal wall element (2) a respective angled bent spring element (104) is attached. 24. Wall element according to claim 25, characterized in that that the spring element (104) is attached to the side strips (4) of the wall element (2) by two rivets (126). 25. Wall element according to one of claims 15 to 24, characterized in that the leaf springs (100) are glued to the wall element (2). , 26. Wall element according to one of claims 15 "to 25, characterized in that the leaf springs (100) each work together in pairs, their facing, bent free arms (102) in the unloaded state have a mutual distance that is slightly smaller than the distance the associated latching openings (124) on the mounting rail leg (122). , 27. Wall element according to claim 26, characterized in that that the locking openings (124) are mirror-symmetrical ^: formed beef and two each in the locking openings ^; Leaf springs (100) of adjacent wall elements (2) : are feasible. yS 28. Wall element nauh one of claims 15 to 27, characterized 'characterized in that the support rails (118) have a : Have U-shaped cross-section and each on both ■ Legs (122) are provided with locking openings (124). ι / 29. Wall element according to claim 28, characterized in that with the two legs (122) in each case laterally adjacent wall elements (2) can be connected. 30. Wall element according to claim 28, characterized in that that the lying on the outer edges of the wall cladding Wall elements (2) extend over both legs (122) of the associated mounting rails (118) and can be connected to the respective outer mounting rail leg (122). / 31. Wall element according to one of claims 15 to 30, characterized characterized in that the convertible components (2) can be attached to the support rails (118) essentially without joints are. 32. Wall element according to one of claims 15 to 31, characterized characterized in that the support rails (118) are fastened vertically to the wall surface * ' 33. Wall element according to one of claims 15 to 32, characterized characterized in that the support rails (118) are made of aluminum. / 34. Wall element according to one of claims 15 to 33, characterized characterized in that the leaf springs (100) are made of stainless steel. /