DE69804457T2 - Herstellung von waschmittelgranulaten - Google Patents
Herstellung von waschmittelgranulatenInfo
- Publication number
- DE69804457T2 DE69804457T2 DE69804457T DE69804457T DE69804457T2 DE 69804457 T2 DE69804457 T2 DE 69804457T2 DE 69804457 T DE69804457 T DE 69804457T DE 69804457 T DE69804457 T DE 69804457T DE 69804457 T2 DE69804457 T2 DE 69804457T2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- stage
- gas
- less
- granulator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
Links
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- -1 for example in a low Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- CIOXZGOUEYHNBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (carboxymethoxy)succinic acid Chemical class OC(=O)COC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O CIOXZGOUEYHNBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFPOJWPDQWJEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,2-dicarboxyethoxy)butanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)OC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O CFPOJWPDQWJEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVVZBNKWTVZSIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(carboxymethoxy)propanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)COC(C(O)=O)C(O)=O LVVZBNKWTVZSIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L Copper gluconate Chemical class [Cu+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JYXGIOKAKDAARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(2-hydroxyethyl)iminodiacetic acid Chemical class OCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O JYXGIOKAKDAARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101710194948 Protein phosphatase PhpP Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000006177 alkyl benzyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052816 inorganic phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009476 low shear granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014366 other mixer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentasodium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O HWGNBUXHKFFFIH-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 235000020030 perry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003890 succinate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
- C11D11/0088—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads the liquefied ingredients being sprayed or adsorbed onto solid particles
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Projection Apparatus (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9712587.6A GB9712587D0 (en) | 1997-06-16 | 1997-06-16 | Production of detergent granulates |
| PCT/EP1998/003669 WO1998058048A1 (en) | 1997-06-16 | 1998-06-12 | Production of detergent granulates |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE69804457D1 DE69804457D1 (de) | 2002-05-02 |
| DE69804457T2 true DE69804457T2 (de) | 2002-10-17 |
Family
ID=10814308
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE69804457T Revoked DE69804457T2 (de) | 1997-06-16 | 1998-06-12 | Herstellung von waschmittelgranulaten |
Country Status (18)
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19904657B4 (de) * | 1999-02-04 | 2012-09-20 | Glatt Ingenieurtechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Vollwaschmitteln und Vollwaschmittelkomponenten |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9526097D0 (en) * | 1995-12-20 | 1996-02-21 | Unilever Plc | Process |
| GB9712583D0 (en) | 1997-06-16 | 1997-08-20 | Unilever Plc | Production of detergent granulates |
| GB9712580D0 (en) * | 1997-06-16 | 1997-08-20 | Unilever Plc | Production of detergent granulates |
| GB9713748D0 (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1997-09-03 | Unilever Plc | Production of detergent granulates |
| CN1192091C (zh) | 1997-07-14 | 2005-03-09 | 普罗格特-甘布尔公司 | 通过控制附聚颗粒大小制备低密度洗涤剂组合物的方法 |
| WO1999003964A1 (en) | 1997-07-14 | 1999-01-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for making a low density detergent composition by controlled agglomeration in a fluid bed dryer |
| JP2001518525A (ja) | 1997-07-15 | 2001-10-16 | ザ、プロクター、エンド、ギャンブル、カンパニー | 多段階界面活性剤ペースト注入による高活性洗剤凝集体の製造法 |
| US6440342B1 (en) | 1998-07-08 | 2002-08-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for making a low density detergent composition by controlling nozzle height in a fluid bed dryer |
| GB9913542D0 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 1999-08-11 | Unilever Plc | Process for preparing granular detergent compositions |
| GB9913544D0 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 1999-08-11 | Unilever Plc | Process for preparing granular detergent compositions |
| GB9913546D0 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 1999-08-11 | Unilever Plc | Granular detergent component containing zeolite map and laundry detergent compositions containing it |
| GB9927653D0 (en) | 1999-11-22 | 2000-01-19 | Unilever Plc | Process for preparing granular detergent compositions |
| DE19957036A1 (de) * | 1999-11-26 | 2001-05-31 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung teilchenförmiger Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel |
| EP1438381B1 (en) | 2001-10-25 | 2007-01-24 | Unilever Plc | Process for the production of detergent granules |
| GB0125653D0 (en) | 2001-10-25 | 2001-12-19 | Unilever Plc | Process for the production of detergent granules |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1341557A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1970-06-02 | 1973-12-25 | ||
| GB2209172A (en) * | 1987-08-28 | 1989-05-04 | Unilever Plc | Preparation of solid particulate components for detergents |
| US4919847A (en) * | 1988-06-03 | 1990-04-24 | Colgate Palmolive Co. | Process for manufacturing particulate detergent composition directly from in situ produced anionic detergent salt |
| GB9415904D0 (en) * | 1994-08-05 | 1994-09-28 | Unilever Plc | Process for the production of detergent composition |
-
1997
- 1997-06-16 GB GBGB9712587.6A patent/GB9712587D0/en not_active Ceased
-
1998
- 1998-06-12 CN CNB988081911A patent/CN1170917C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-12 EA EA200000024A patent/EA002160B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-12 DE DE69804457T patent/DE69804457T2/de not_active Revoked
- 1998-06-12 CA CA002294287A patent/CA2294287A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-12 PL PL98337431A patent/PL186896B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-12 ES ES98933629T patent/ES2174457T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-12 AU AU83382/98A patent/AU725182B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-06-12 ID IDW991607A patent/ID24618A/id unknown
- 1998-06-12 BR BR9810165-0A patent/BR9810165A/pt active Search and Examination
- 1998-06-12 EP EP98933629A patent/EP0993504B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1998-06-12 WO PCT/EP1998/003669 patent/WO1998058048A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-12 TR TR1999/03104T patent/TR199903104T2/xx unknown
- 1998-06-12 HU HU0003031A patent/HUP0003031A3/hu unknown
- 1998-06-15 ZA ZA9805194A patent/ZA985194B/xx unknown
- 1998-06-16 IN IN376BO1998 patent/IN189876B/en unknown
- 1998-06-16 AR ARP980102845A patent/AR013093A1/es unknown
- 1998-10-15 TW TW087117202A patent/TW432108B/zh active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19904657B4 (de) * | 1999-02-04 | 2012-09-20 | Glatt Ingenieurtechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Vollwaschmitteln und Vollwaschmittelkomponenten |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL186896B1 (pl) | 2004-03-31 |
| ES2174457T3 (es) | 2002-11-01 |
| ZA985194B (en) | 1999-12-17 |
| AU8338298A (en) | 1999-01-04 |
| CA2294287A1 (en) | 1998-12-23 |
| HUP0003031A2 (hu) | 2001-01-29 |
| TR199903104T2 (xx) | 2000-03-21 |
| CN1267329A (zh) | 2000-09-20 |
| BR9810165A (pt) | 2000-08-08 |
| EA200000024A1 (ru) | 2000-06-26 |
| CN1170917C (zh) | 2004-10-13 |
| AR013093A1 (es) | 2000-12-13 |
| HUP0003031A3 (en) | 2003-02-28 |
| DE69804457D1 (de) | 2002-05-02 |
| PL337431A1 (en) | 2000-08-14 |
| GB9712587D0 (en) | 1997-08-20 |
| EP0993504A1 (en) | 2000-04-19 |
| EP0993504B1 (en) | 2002-03-27 |
| AU725182B2 (en) | 2000-10-05 |
| TW432108B (en) | 2001-05-01 |
| IN189876B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 2003-05-03 |
| ID24618A (id) | 2000-07-27 |
| WO1998058048A1 (en) | 1998-12-23 |
| EA002160B1 (ru) | 2001-12-24 |
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