DE605713C - Process for replenishing the water in fish tanks by means of oxygen passed through the water - Google Patents
Process for replenishing the water in fish tanks by means of oxygen passed through the waterInfo
- Publication number
- DE605713C DE605713C DEK129795D DEK0129795D DE605713C DE 605713 C DE605713 C DE 605713C DE K129795 D DEK129795 D DE K129795D DE K0129795 D DEK0129795 D DE K0129795D DE 605713 C DE605713 C DE 605713C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- water
- hydrogen peroxide
- replenishing
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical class [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010603 pastilles Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 magnesium superoxide Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KVKRSMAXOZCCOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.[O-2].[Mn+4].[O-2] Chemical compound O.[O-2].[Mn+4].[O-2] KVKRSMAXOZCCOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JTNCEQNHURODLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanimidamide Chemical compound NC(=N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JTNCEQNHURODLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SPAGIJMPHSUYSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium peroxide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][O-] SPAGIJMPHSUYSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008043 acidic salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CABDFQZZWFMZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.OO CABDFQZZWFMZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940040511 liver extract Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004995 magnesium peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LBSANEJBGMCTBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganate Chemical compound [O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O LBSANEJBGMCTBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=O VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000343 potassium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000342 sodium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium;oxido carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OC([O-])=O MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Wiederauffrischen des Wassers in Fischbehältern mit Hilfe von Sauerstoff.The invention relates to a method for refreshing the water in fish tanks with the help of oxygen.
Daß lebende Fische, soweit sie in Behältern gehalten oder transportiert werden, infolge Sauerstoffmangels leicht zugrunde gehen, ist bekannt. Es sind deshalb eine ganze Anzahl von Vorschlägen gemacht worden, die sich mit der Aufgabe befassen, Behälter, in denen lebende Fische sich befinden, mit Frischluft bzw. mit Satterstoff zu versehen. Zum Teil arbeiten sie mit Luftpumpen, die durch. Motoren u. dgl. in Gang gesetzt werden, oder sie verwenden in Stahlflaschen komprimierten Sauerstoff oder flüssige Luft; auch die Elektrolyse sollte dem angegebenen Zweck dienen.That live fish, as far as they are in containers kept or transported, easily perish due to lack of oxygen go is known. A number of proposals have therefore been made who deal with the task of finding containers in which there are live fish, to be provided with fresh air or with saturation material. Some of them work with air pumps, by. Engines and the like are started, or they are used in steel cylinders compressed oxygen or liquid air; electrolysis should also serve the stated purpose.
In letzter Zeit sind auch Verfahren bekanntgeworden, die mit Wasserstoffsuperoxyd unter gleichzeitiger Mitverwendung einer Kontaktsubstanz — Leberextrakt —· arbeiten. Ganz abgesehen davon, daß in diesem Fall das sichere Funktionieren von der einwandfreien Beschaffenheit des an sich empfindlichen Katalysators abhängt, sind diese Verfahren nur beschränkt anwendbar im Hinblick darauf, daß die Kontaktsubstanz, dem Bassinwasser erst einmal beigegeben, sich rasch, zersetzt und dann das Wasser verdirbt.Recently, processes have also become known that use hydrogen peroxide with simultaneous use of a contact substance - liver extract - · work. Quite apart from the fact that in this case the safe functioning of the faultless Depending on the nature of the sensitive catalyst per se, these processes are only limited use in view of the fact that the contact substance, the basin water once added, quickly, decomposes and then the water spoils.
Der Erfinder geht nun für die notwendige Saiierstoffversorgung in den vorerwähnten Fällen den viel einfacheren, überall anwendbaren und, da er nur einer kostenmäßig nicht ins Gewicht fallenden Apparatur bedarf, auch viel billigeren Weg der Sauerstofferzeugung aus sauerstoffhaltigen Salzen, insbesondere KaHumpermanganat, oder aus Superoxyden, insbesondere Mangansuperoxyd, mit Wasserstoffsuperoxyd oder anderen geeigneten Superoxyden, wie Magnesiumsuperoxyd, oder mit Persalzen, soweit .erforderlich, Unter Mitverwendung von Säuren oder sauren Salzen. Dabei kann z. B. der Braunstein sowohl in natürlicher Form in geeigneter Korngröße Verwendung finden wie als durch Fällung erhaltenes Mangansuperoxyd (hydrat) oder Mangansuperoxyd. Hervorzuheben ist dabei, daß die mengenmäßige Leistung an freiem Sauerstoff aus dem angewandten Wasserstoffsuperoxyd gegenüber der seitherigen Methode die doppelte ist, da der Sauerstoff aus der Manganverbindung hinzukommt, und daß man mit Hilfe geeigneter Zusätze zu den in Reaktion zu bringenden Stoffen sowie durch eine geeignete Formgebung und Konzentration die EntwicMungsdauer des Sauerstoffgases variieren kann innerhalb der Grenzen von etwa ι Stunde und 60 Stundein, wobei man die starke Sauerstoff entwicklung innerhalb kurzer Zeit wählen wird in den Fällen, in denen Fische in großer Zahl in wenig Wasser transportiert werden, während die langsame, lang anhaltende Entwicklung insbesondere für Aquarien bestimmt ist.The inventor now goes to the aforementioned for the necessary supply of oxygen Cases the much simpler, universally applicable and, since it is only one, not in terms of cost requires significant apparatus, also a much cheaper way of generating oxygen from oxygen-containing salts, in particular KaHumpermanganat, or from superoxides, especially manganese peroxide, with hydrogen peroxide or other suitable superoxides, such as magnesium superoxide, or with persalts, as far as necessary, with use of acids or acidic salts. It can, for. B. the manganese dioxide both in natural form in a suitable grain size They are used as manganese peroxide (hydrate) or obtained by precipitation Manganese superoxide. It should be emphasized that the quantitative performance of free Oxygen from the applied hydrogen peroxide compared to the previous method the double is because the oxygen comes from the manganese compound, and that one with the help of suitable additives to the substances to be brought into reaction as well as by a suitable shape and concentration vary the evolution time of the oxygen gas can be within the limits of about 1 hour and 60 hours, whereby the strong oxygen development within a short time is chosen in those cases where Fish are transported in large numbers in little water, while the slow, long sustained development is intended especially for aquariums.
Diese Anpassung der Reaktionsdauer wird nach der Feststellung des Erfinders dadurch erreicht, daß man mindestens einen Teil der aufeinander einwirkenden Stoffe mit Zusätzen versieht, die sein Reaktionsvermögen gegenüber dem anderen Teil in der gewünschten Weise beeinflussen, wobei außerdem die Form, in welcher die Stoffe miteinander inAccording to the inventor, this adjustment of the reaction time is thereby made achieves that at least a part of the interacting substances with additives provides that his ability to react to the other part in the desired Way, and also the form in which the substances with each other in
Reaktion gebracht werden, bzw. die Dichte der Gebrauchsstücke von Einfluß sind.Reaction are brought about, or the density of the everyday items are of influence.
Sowohl Kaiiumpermanganat wie Braunstein in gefällter Form sind nach den Feststellungen des Erfinders in ihrer gewöhnlichen Beschaffenheit für den beabsichtigten Zweck nicht verwendbar, da sie, mit sauren Wasserstoffsuperoxydlösungen in der praktisch erforderlichen Konzentration zusammengebracht, den augenblicklichen Zerfall des Wasserstoffsuperoxyds herbeiführen, ohne selbst im Sinn der Umsetzungsgleichung zu Manganosalz reduziert zu werden.Both potassium permanganate and brownstone in precipitated form are according to the findings of the inventor in their usual nature for the intended purpose not usable as it is practically required with acidic hydrogen peroxide solutions Concentration brought together to bring about the instantaneous decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide, without to be reduced to manganese salt even in the sense of the conversion equation.
Für die notwendige Verzögerung der Reaktion zwischen Manganverbindungen einerseits und sauren Wasserstoffsuperoxydlösungen anderseits hat sich nun als besonders wirksames Mittel Natriumsüikatlösung erwiesen, die, in verschiedener Stärke dem Bermanganat oder Mangandioxyd beigegeben, nach der Verarbeitung dieser Stoffe zu Pastillen im Verhältnis des Natriumsilikatgehaltes und der Dichte der Pastillen die Reaktionsdauer der Mangansauerstoffverbindung· mit dem Wasserstoff.-superoxyd verlangsamen.For the necessary delay in the reaction between manganese compounds on the one hand and acidic hydrogen peroxide solutions on the other hand has now proven to be particularly effective Means sodium sulphate solution proved, which, in different strengths the Bermanganat or Manganese dioxide added after the processing of these substances to lozenges in proportion the sodium silicate content and the density of the lozenges the reaction time of the manganese oxygen compound slow down with the hydrogen superoxide.
Während z. B. 15 g KaHumpermanganat, mit der berechneten Menge, etwa 140 ecm, oo/oiger saurer Wasserstoffsuperoxydlösung zusammengebracht, den augenblicklichein Zerfall des Wasserstoffsuperoxyds herbeiführt, benötigt dieselbe Menge Kaiiumpermanganat, mit i3iccm 300/oiger NatriumsilikatLösungzur Pastille gepreßt und getrocknet, zur Umsetzung mit derselben Menge Wasserstoff[-superoxyd in der oben angegebeinen Konzentration etwa 2 Stunden (wobei 5,41 Sauerstoff frei werden, von denen aus dem Wasserstofflsuperoxyd die 'eine und aus dem Mangansalz die andere Hälfte stammt), während 15 g Kaüumpermanganat, mit 1,1 ecm. eimer 6oo/oigen Natriumsilikatlösung pastilliert, unter denselben Verhältnissan' etwa 8 Stunden Reaktionszeit benötigen.While z. B. 15 g KaHumpermanganat, brought together with the calculated amount, about 140 ecm, oo / o of the acidic hydrogen peroxide solution, which causes the instantaneous decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide, requires the same amount of potassium permanganate, with i 3 iccm 300 / o sodium silicate solution, dried, pressed and reacted with the pastille the same amount of hydrogen superoxide in the above concentration for about 2 hours (with 5.41 oxygen being released, one half of which comes from the hydrogen peroxide and the other half from the manganese salt), while 15 g of chewing manganate, with 1.1 ecm. bucket of 600% sodium silicate solution pastilles, under the same conditions' require about 8 hours of reaction time.
Bringt man eine 15g schwere, mit 1,1 ecm 60 o/oiger Natriumsilikatlösung angefertigte Kaliumpermanganatpastille mit 420 ecm 2 o/oiger saurer Wasserstoffsuperoxydlösung in Reaktion, so verläuft diese innerhalb 24 bis 30 Stunden.If you bring a 15g heavy, 1.1 ecm Potassium permanganate lozenge made from 60 o / o sodium silicate solution with 420 ecm 2 o / o acidic hydrogen peroxide solution in reaction, this proceeds within 24 to 30 hours.
Als Beispiel für die' Verwendung von Mangandioxyd (hydrat) mag folgende Zusammensetzung einer Gebrauchspastille angegeben sein: Mangandioxyd (hydrat) log, Tragant o, 5 g, mit ι ο o/oiger Natrjumsilikatlösung zur Pastille verarbeitet. Diese Pastille entwikkelt mit-etwa 70 ecm 6 o/oiger saurer Wasserstoffsuperoxydlösung innerhalb 2 bis 3 Stunden etwa 2,7! Sauerstoff.As an example for the use of manganese dioxide (hydrate) the following composition may be used a usage pastille should be indicated: manganese dioxide (hydrate) log, tragacanth o, 5 g, with ι ο o / oiger sodium silicate solution for Processed pastille. This pastille is developed with about 70 ecm 6% acidic hydrogen peroxide solution within 2 to 3 hours about 2.7! Oxygen.
Als weiteres Beispiel für eine brauchbare Sauerstoffentwicklung unter Verwendung natürlichen Braunsteins diene folgende Angabe: Etwa 50 g gewaschener, in geeigneter Weise gekörnter Braunstein wird mit 60 ecm 6o/oiger saurer Wasserstoffsuperoxydlösung zusammengebracht. Nach etwa 1 Stunde ist das Wasserstoffsuperoxyd unter Freiwerden von etwa 2,41 Sauerstoff verbraucht; um weiteren Sauerstoff zu erhalten, hat man nur nötig, dem Braunstein eine weitere Menge saurer Wasserstoffsuperoxydlösung hinzuzufügen. An Stelle des Wasserstoffsuperoxyds können in allen Fällen auch Persalze, wie Percarbonat, Persulfat, oder Peroxyde, wie Magnesiumperoxyd, am besten in Form geeigneter Gebrauchsstücke, verwendet werden.As another example of a useful oxygen evolution using natural manganese dioxide serves the following statement: Approximately 50 g of washed, granular suitably manganese dioxide is brought together with 60 cc 6o / o hydrochloric acid hydrogen peroxide solution. After about 1 hour the hydrogen peroxide is used up, releasing about 2.41 of oxygen; In order to obtain more oxygen, one only has to add a further quantity of acidic hydrogen peroxide solution to the manganese dioxide. In place of the hydrogen peroxide, persalts such as percarbonate, persulfate, or peroxides such as magnesium peroxide, best in the form of suitable utility items, can also be used in all cases.
Die für die Durchführung der Reaktion notwendige Säure, am besten Schwefelsäure, kann entweder dem Wasserstoffsuperoxyd in der berechneten Menge gleich beigegeben sein (was wesentlich zur Beständigkeit während seiner Aufbewahrung beiträgt), oder aber sie kann in Form saurer Salze, wie z. B. Natriumbisulfat oder Kaliumbisulfat, Verwendung finden, die, in der berechneten Menge zu Pastillen verarbeitet, eine für den Transport ungefährliche Verwendungsweise der erforderlichen" Säure darstellt.The acid necessary to carry out the reaction, preferably sulfuric acid, can either be added to the hydrogen peroxide in the calculated amount be (which contributes significantly to the stability during its storage), or else it can be in the form of acid salts, such as. B. sodium bisulfate or potassium bisulfate, use find which, in the calculated amount, will be processed into lozenges, one for transport represents a safe way of using the required "acid".
Um nach, dem beschriebenen Verfahren Sauerstoff zu 'erhalten, hat man nur nötig, die betreffenden Gebrauchsstücke in einer einfachen Gasentwicklungsfläche in Reaktion zu bringen und das sich bildende Gas mittels eines vorn verschlossenen, mit feinen Löchern versehenen Gummischlauchs dem Bassin,-wassär zuzuführen.In order to obtain oxygen according to the procedure described, one only needs to the respective utility items in a simple gas evolution area in reaction to bring and the gas that forms by means of a closed front with fine holes provided rubber hose to the basin, water-based.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEK129795D DE605713C (en) | 1933-04-12 | 1933-04-12 | Process for replenishing the water in fish tanks by means of oxygen passed through the water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEK129795D DE605713C (en) | 1933-04-12 | 1933-04-12 | Process for replenishing the water in fish tanks by means of oxygen passed through the water |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE605713C true DE605713C (en) | 1934-11-16 |
Family
ID=7246953
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEK129795D Expired DE605713C (en) | 1933-04-12 | 1933-04-12 | Process for replenishing the water in fish tanks by means of oxygen passed through the water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE605713C (en) |
-
1933
- 1933-04-12 DE DEK129795D patent/DE605713C/en not_active Expired
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