DE538012C - Process for the continuous production of hydrogen and oxides of carbon from hydrocarbons - Google Patents
Process for the continuous production of hydrogen and oxides of carbon from hydrocarbonsInfo
- Publication number
- DE538012C DE538012C DE1930538012D DE538012DD DE538012C DE 538012 C DE538012 C DE 538012C DE 1930538012 D DE1930538012 D DE 1930538012D DE 538012D D DE538012D D DE 538012DD DE 538012 C DE538012 C DE 538012C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- hydrocarbons
- hydrogen
- oxides
- continuous production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/384—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts the catalyst being continuously externally heated
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Gewinnung von Wasserstoff und Oxyden des Kohlenstoffs aus Kohlenwasserstoffen Es ist bekannt, Kohlenwasserstoffe in Kohlenoxyd, Kohlensäure und Wasserstoff überzuführen, indem dieselben, mit -Wasserdampf gemischt, bei erhöhter Temperatur über Katalysatoren geleitet werden. Bei der Umsetzung von höhere und ungesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffe enthaltenden Gasgemischen treten hierbei oft Kohlenstoffabscheidungen auf, die zur Verstopfung des Katalysators führen.Process for the continuous production of hydrogen and oxides of carbon from hydrocarbons It is known to convert hydrocarbons into carbon To convert carbonic acid and hydrogen by mixing them with water vapor be passed over catalysts at elevated temperature. When implementing higher gas mixtures containing unsaturated hydrocarbons occur here often carbon deposits that lead to clogging of the catalyst.
Es wurde gefunden, daß diese Nachteile vermieden werden können, wenn das Gasgemisch abwechselnd einmal von der einen Seite und dann von der anderen Seite über den Katalysator geleitet wird. 'Die Kohlenstoffabscheidungen treten zumeist an den kälteren Teilen des Katalysators oder an der Gaseintrittsseite auf, so daß die Temperatur des Wasserdampfes hier nicht genügt, um den abgeschiedenen Kohlenstoff zu vergasen. Wird nun nach gewisser Zeit der* Gasstrom umgeschaltet, so daß das Gasgemisch auf der entgegengesetzten Seite in den Reaktionsapparat eintritt, so erreicht der Wasserdampf bei Durchgang durch den Katalysator eine so hohe Temperatur, daß die nunmehr auf der Gasaustrittsseite befindlichen Kohlenstoffabscheidungen der vorhergehenden Betriebsperiode vergast werden. Die Kohlenstoffabscheidungen bilden sich nun allmählich auf der Gaseintrittsseite, die bei dem folgenden Wechsel der Gasrichtung wieder beseitigt werden. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, ohne Unterbrechung und ohne Ausbau des Katalysators die Umsetzung der Kohlenwasserstoffe mit Wasserdampf durchzuführen, wozu noch der besondere Vorteil tritt, daß auch der intermediär abgeschiedene Kohlenstoff durch diese nachträgliche Vergasung als Kohlenoxyd und Wasserstoff nutzbar gemacht wird. Beispiel Durch ein senkrecht angeordnetes, von außen geheiztes, mit einem Nickelkatalysator gefülltes Rohr aus Chromnickelstahl wird zusammen mit dem dreifachen Volumen Wasserdampf ein Gas der Zusammensetzung 70;'o H2, 43, I °/o C H4, I 6,9 % C2 H6, 7,7 ° 'o CSHs, 5,9% C4Hlo und höhere Kohlenwasserstoffe, 5,7% C2H4, I3,0% C3H6 und höhere Kohlenwasserstoffe, 0,7% N2 von unten nach oben geleitet. Die Temperatur beträgt in der Mitte des Rohres 7oo°. Das aus dem Rohr austretende Gas hat die Zusammensetzung 72,60/ö H2, I2,9% C02, I2,5% CO, 0,8% Kohlenwasserstoffe, I,2% N2. Nach 48 Stunden langem Durchleiten steigt der Druck im Ofen allmählich an, weil sich in den unteren Schichten des Katalysators Kohlenstoff abgeschieden hat. Gas und Dampf werden jetzt in umgekehrter Richtung, also von oben nach unten, durch das Rohr geleitet. Der Druck fällt allmählich auf seinen normalen Wert in dem Maße, wie der abgeschiedene Kohlenstoff vom Wasserdampf weggenommen wird. Der Druck steigt dann nacheiniger Zeit infolge nunmehr in den oberen Schichten des Katalysators erfolgender Abscheidung von Kohlenstoff erneut an. Darauf werden Gas und Dampf wieder in der ursprünglichen Richtung von unten nach oben geleitet, und der geschilderte Vorgang wiederholt sich.It has been found that these disadvantages can be avoided if the gas mixture is passed over the catalyst alternately once from one side and then from the other side. The carbon deposits mostly occur on the colder parts of the catalyst or on the gas inlet side, so that the temperature of the water vapor is not sufficient here to gasify the deposited carbon. If the gas flow is switched over after a certain time so that the gas mixture enters the reactor on the opposite side, the water vapor reaches such a high temperature as it passes through the catalyst that the carbon deposits from the previous operating period that are now on the gas outlet side are gasified . The carbon deposits now gradually form on the gas inlet side, which are removed again when the gas direction changes. In this way it is possible to carry out the conversion of the hydrocarbons with steam without interruption and without dismantling the catalyst, which also has the special advantage that the carbon deposited as an intermediate is also made usable as carbon oxide and hydrogen by this subsequent gasification. EXAMPLE A pipe made of chromium-nickel steel, which is arranged vertically, is heated from the outside and is filled with a nickel catalyst, is used together with three times the volume of water vapor to produce a gas with the composition 70; o H2, 43, 1 ° / o C H4, I 6.9% C2 H6 , 7.7 ° 'o CSHs, 5.9% C4Hlo and higher hydrocarbons, 5.7% C2H4, I3.0% C3H6 and higher hydrocarbons, 0.7% N2 passed from bottom to top. The temperature in the middle of the pipe is 7oo °. The gas emerging from the pipe has the composition 72.60 / ö H2, I2.9% C02, I2.5% CO, 0.8% hydrocarbons, 1.2% N2. After passing it through for 48 hours, the pressure in the furnace gradually rises because carbon has deposited in the lower layers of the catalyst. Gas and steam are now passed through the pipe in the opposite direction, i.e. from top to bottom. The pressure gradually falls to its normal value as the deposited carbon is removed by the water vapor. After a while, the pressure rises again as a result of the deposition of carbon in the upper layers of the catalyst. The gas and steam are then directed back up in the original direction, and the process described is repeated.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE538012T | 1930-07-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE538012C true DE538012C (en) | 1931-11-09 |
Family
ID=6557947
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1930538012D Expired DE538012C (en) | 1930-07-15 | 1930-07-15 | Process for the continuous production of hydrogen and oxides of carbon from hydrocarbons |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE538012C (en) |
-
1930
- 1930-07-15 DE DE1930538012D patent/DE538012C/en not_active Expired
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