DE458839C - Method and arrangement for producing and viewing colored stereoscopic images - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN EMPIRE

ISSUED ON
APRIL 24, 1928

REICH PATENT OFFICE

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 57b GROUP

Dr. Karl Mey in Berlin *).

Patented in the German Empire on August 5, 1921.

By Ducos du Hauron is in the work "La trip lice photographique des couleurs" 1897, 8,430,431,456, a process to obtain plastic-looking color images -were specified, which is based on that of the three basic color sub-images required for general color reproduction in a stereo set one (e.g. red) partial image from the right, the other two (green and blue) are recorded from the left. The positives of all three fields are then combined by the additive or subtractive process and finally the resulting Color image viewed through complementary color glasses, the halves of which are only for one of the two partial image color groups are permeable. The stereoscopic and colorfully different image impressions of both eyes should then merge into a physical color image in the right mixed colors.

The practical introduction of the stereoscopic indicated by D u cos du Hauron However, there are serious deficiencies, especially for cinematography, on the contrary to projection methods. Because that of Ducos du Hauron proposed additive projection from three separate partial images requires special high-precision demonstration equipment to achieve exact coverage, while with subtractive union, the well-known difficulties of color matching occur here to a greater extent. The stereoscopic comparison of the three basic colors shows that as soon as the The brightness ratios of the two color groups are not carefully balanced, strong tendency to disruptive color competition and resulting color shift. In the case of subtractive color images, in particular series images, however, it is known to predominate easily one or the other color.

According to the present invention, three-color stereoscopic images recorded without others are to be projected with each projection apparatus and for their viewing only Complementary glasses require, obtained in such a way that all three partial images on a single three-colored grid layer can be combined one on top of the other by in the grid recording through filters or similar selective means ensures that the light beam coming from one point of view z. B. only brings the green light that of from the other point of view only provides blue-red (purple) light.

Von Lejeune is in patent 335628 for a stereoscopic method working with four partial images summarizing the stereoscopically identical pairs of partial images in two

*> The patent seeker stated that the inventors were:

Dr. Carl Müller and Elsa Müller née Schönicke in Berlin-Charlottenburg.

two-color raster images have been proposed. The above novel three-color halftone images differ from Lejeune's usual raster images; apart from the number of fields, in principle by the fact that with the new stereoscopic raster images partial images, which both in the color as are more different in shape than arises from the random grid element distribution, interlock.

Where longer exposure times are acceptable, such stereoscopic three-color raster recordings one after the other on an ordinary raster plate camera by means of complementary filters by moving the camera or converting a Concave mirror or the like. to win.·

It is more expedient, however, to reverse the receiving devices with a light splitter or the stereoscopic viewers at the same time the two complementary ones To design groups of images on the same layer, whereby depending on the later viewing or projection device exact coverage of the fixed points of the two stereoscopic Groups or only partial superimposition is to be aimed for.

Suitable for such recordings as well as vice versa for their immediate stereoscopic Consideration is, for example, the principle of the well-known stereo magnifying glass (binocular magnifying glass), when adding complementary color filters. For knematographically to be demonstrated Raster images are used in view of the low sensitivity to light of the previous ones Raster emulsions for the time being better _ from separate black and white partial images that are combined with the interposition of filters on grid layers. Here you can in particular, instead of black and white positive partial images on a raster layer to copy the per se known autochrome reverse copying process, e.g. B. the principle Take a shorter route, straight from the black and white negatives to the usual Copying principle (exposure, development, fixing) on a suitable Raster emulsion, copy.

In the second case, one avoids the production costs of the three black and white positive films and all possible color shifts and loss of detail with the double reversal, as well as the halftone reversal bath.

Copying can be done in all. Cases happen one after the other or, especially at two-sided exposure possibility or by means of optical imaging, also for two or three colors can be done at the same time.

It is known per se to produce color halftone images in such a way that black and white partial images copied onto a color grid.

An exemplary embodiment for the simultaneous copying of all three color sub-images by means of optical imaging is shown schematically in the figure. Here, R denotes the raster emulsion, O _n O _e , Ob three objectives, P _n Pg ₁ Pi the three black-and-white partial images produced by three light bundles 1, 2, 3 by means of the upstream red, green and blue light filters F _r and F respectively _g or Ft are imaged with red or green or blue light on the raster emulsion R in congruence. The exact additive coverage of the three partial images can easily be determined in a known manner, e.g. B. be controlled by a proposed reflective, side imaging prism or an inclined glass plate.

When the three black and white partial image negatives were originally taken using the With both stereo lenses it is important to achieve the shortest possible exposure times Select the recording stereo filter in such a way that the recording of the double-colored image group is approximate only requires the same time as that of the third picture.

Here, depending on the specific apparatus, some or all of the images can be used at the same time be moistened. With the combination of green against red and blue, for example on the usual panchromatic emulsions the recording of the red and blue partial image at the same time as required for green pick-up, if the King Chen additive filter is used as a pick-up filter with the exposure ratio 2: 3: 1 for red: green: blue can be used analogously in the combination of red against green and blue, the green and blue image during the red recording by means of the v. Nice additive filter (R: Gr: Bl = 4: 2: 1). 10a

Can or want small differences in the image between the dark blue image and the one that belongs to it Allow partial image, so offers the use of three lenses arranged side by side in such a way that the red and Green lens are in stereo distance, the blue lens close to the side or vertically the corresponding lens moved, an even easier recording option.

In the case of the raster images, the Insertion of special recording and. Viewing filter in the beam path unwanted addition of a new loss of light with it. One can, however, go through this loss of brightness without difficulty Lighter halftone coloring largely diminish because the recording and viewing filters are on the color demarcation support each other. For the same reason, the Projection filtersT generally with additive stereoscopic color projection in order to

to obtain sufficient delimitation of the spectral regions, with regard to the already separating Effect of the viewing filter can be selected more permeable, namely so far that in the overall effect no stereoscopically disruptive overlapping of the spectral regions or colors is done. Less strict color delimitation, as tests have shown, also reduces the color competition ίο the color groups.

Naturally, this shifts for people with strongly deviating color sensitivity the brightness balance of the two complementary color groups. You can go into These cases help by having different types of filter glasses for the projection presentations Tinting, e.g. B. with opposite wedge-shaped dye density on both sides, or gray or colored ao provides cover plates through which the ratio of the three colors can be varied can.

A much more far-reaching, very general elimination of the color contest for people with normal and deviating color sensitivity can be gained if one of what has hitherto been tacitly practiced The principle that each color group is always directed to the same eye is missing. If you let z. B. consecutive pictures Phase change the assignment of the two complementary color groups identically in recording and viewing, for example by rotating pairs of filters, the three-colored stereo images are left in the present case for the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th picture take the red and blue partial pictures from the left and look at the green from the right, however, at the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th the green partial image of to the left, take up and look at the red and blue from the right, it makes sense, that each eye receives all three color components in rapid change and also People with very different color sensitivity perceive a full-color spatial image. Only for those parts of the projection screen, which as a result of the high speed of image shifting from image to If the image changes color, such individuals may experience a loss of color feel.

One can use here except with periodic dimming or different polarization etc. also project in such a way that the two groups of images are designed side by side (e.g. in a known manner by means of a picture window of double height) and the halves of the picture alternating in the color groups united by stereo mirrors or the like in the field of view.

The present alternation principle should be used for presentations with separate spatial lighting be particularly suitable for the eyes, such as B. for presentations in the manner of the imperial panorama or in the execution of flaking, alternately colored stereo images like the Mutoskop e.

Compared to the Freese-Greenschen double recordings, there is also progress here the stereoscopic image separation the difference that with Freese-Green the recording the ö-c partial images do not match that of the «Image coincides.

Finally, it should be noted that the principle of the invention for the production and Viewing such colored stereoscopies is applicable by means of mechanical reproduction based on photographic processes or entirely without such from stereoscopic drawn three-color images can be obtained.

Claims (6)

Patent claims: I. Process for creating and viewing stereoscopic drawings, images and photographs, especially for projection and cinematography, in which a total of three partial images (ü, b, c), sufficient for complete color reproduction, are divided into two complementary groups (a, b and C) stereoscopically distributed, are used, characterized in that all three partial images are recorded or copied on a grid layer or under a grid layer or generated, projected or viewed or produced in the manner of such, the partial images partially or completely overlapping and also can be reversed. 2. A method for obtaining "three-color raster images according to claim 1, characterized in that black and white partial images are assumed. 3. A method for obtaining raster images according to claim 1 and 2, characterized characterized in that the union of the partial images in the raster image by means of optical Figure is done. 4. A method for obtaining raster images according to claim 1 to 3 and generally of three-color images which consist of stereoscopically different partial images, characterized in that recording filters are used in which the recording of the two-color image group (a, b) approximately in the same time as that of the third image (c) is possible, and some or all of the images can be exposed at the same time. 5. Arrangements for methods according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that that for the purpose of increasing brightness in the cases where the light besides the complementary filters also limits other colors Means, e.g. B. recording filters, in particular grid filters or projection or illumination filters, interspersed, the selectivity of the interacting delimiting parts is so reduced that in the Overall effect still no disturbing overlapping of colors or stereoscopic Parts takes place. 6. A method for obtaining color images from three stereoscopically different partial images, in particular those according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the color groups are alternately recorded or viewed. 1 sheet of drawings.