DE4413964C2 - Bricks made of wood processing residues and process for making same - Google Patents

Bricks made of wood processing residues and process for making same

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Publication number
DE4413964C2
DE4413964C2 DE4413964A DE4413964A DE4413964C2 DE 4413964 C2 DE4413964 C2 DE 4413964C2 DE 4413964 A DE4413964 A DE 4413964A DE 4413964 A DE4413964 A DE 4413964A DE 4413964 C2 DE4413964 C2 DE 4413964C2
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
water
brick
mixture
binder
residues
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE4413964A
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German (de)
Other versions
DE4413964A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz B Mader
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE4413964A priority Critical patent/DE4413964C2/en
Publication of DE4413964A1 publication Critical patent/DE4413964A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE4413964C2 publication Critical patent/DE4413964C2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
    • C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
    • C04B18/26—Wood, e.g. sawdust, wood shavings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Reststoff-Ziegel in einer üblichen oder einer besonderen Form, dessen Werkstoff aus Reststoffen der holzverarbeitenden Industrie besteht. Durch Bindemittel werden die Reststoffe zur Ziegelform gepreßt; die Erfindung betrifft auch das entsprechende Verfahren zur Herstellung des erwähnten Ziegels.The invention relates to a residue brick in a usual or a special form, its material from residues of the woodworking Industry exists. By binders, the residues to Pressed brick mold; the invention also relates to the corresponding Process for the preparation of the mentioned brick.

In der holzverarbeitenden Industrie ist das Verhältnis zwischen gewonnenem Nutzholz und Abfall etwa 1 : 1, wobei die industrielle Verwertung des anfallenden Abfalls nur ansatzweise geklärt ist.In the woodworking industry, the relationship is between recovered timber and waste about 1: 1, the industrial Recycling of waste is only partially clarified.

Die DE 5 51 227 beschreibt einen Baukörper, dessen Haupt- und Grundstoff Häcksel ist. Der Häcksel wird mit einer Mischung aus Wasserglas und fein gemahlenem Kalksteinmehl in äußerst geringer Menge zur Verfestigung vermengt. Als Grundstoff werden grob geschnittene Häcksel, insbesondere solche, deren Schnittlänge annähernd 15 mm sind, vorgeschlagen. Als Baukörper ist eine Platte beabsichtigt. Ein Baukörper dieser Art hat nur eine geringe Festigkeit.DE 5 51 227 describes a building whose main and The raw material is chaff. The chaff is made with a mixture of water glass and fine ground limestone flour mixed in an extremely small amount for solidification. When Basic material are coarsely cut chaff, especially those whose cut length approximately 15 mm are proposed. As a building a plate is intended. On Building of this type has only a low strength.

Die DE 43 16 901 A1 zeigt einen Dämmstoff, bestehend aus organischen und/oder anorganischen Teilchen, die mit einer Wasserglaslösung versetzt sind. Als die genannten Teilchen werden Fräs- oder Hobelspäne, Knickspäne, Hackschnitzel, gelockerte Späne, Holzfasern, Riesengras, Flachs, Stroh, Bagasse, Baumwollstengel, Waverspäne und/oder andere Ein- oder Mehrjahrespflanzen "oder dergleichen" vorgeschlagen (siehe dortiger Anspruch 4). Angesprochen werden dort auch Dämmkörper aus Holzfasern, die sich besonders gut verarbeiten und montieren lassen (vgl. dortige Spalte 6, oben). Die leichte Verarbeitbarkeit geht bei dieser Offenbarung allerdings so weit, daß die aus Faserstoff hergestellten Platten ohne zusätzliche Druckausübung vor der Aushärtung nicht hinreichend stabil sind (vgl. dort Spalte 1, Zeiten 62 bis 65).DE 43 16 901 A1 shows an insulating material consisting of organic and / or inorganic particles which are mixed with a water glass solution. As the mentioned Particles become milling or wood shavings, crevasses, chips, loosened shavings, Wood fibers, giant grass, flax, straw, bagasse, cotton stems, shavings and / or other single- or multi-annual plants "or the like" proposed (see there Claim 4). There are also addressed insulating body made of wood fibers, which are particularly process and assemble well (see column 6, above). The easy processability goes so far in this disclosure, however, that the plates made of fibrous material without additional pressure is not sufficiently stable before curing (see there Column 1, times 62 to 65).

Die DE 24 26 989 A1 beschreibt Formkörper in Form von Leichtbauplatten. Hier werden Holzwolle, Holzspäne oder Sägespäne verwendet, weitere Bestandteile sind Vermeculite oder geblähter Glimmer. Ohne eine später zugesetzte Zementmenge erhält der dort beschriebene Formkörper keine Festigkeit (vgl. dort Beispiel 1, Seite 10). Eine Hinzufügung von Zement schmälert die leichte Verarbeitbarkeit, wenngleich eine leichte Bauweise beibehalten werden kann.DE 24 26 989 A1 describes moldings in the form of lightweight panels. Be here Wood wool, wood shavings or sawdust used, other ingredients are Vermeculite or blown mica. Without a later added amount of cement receives the described there Shaped body no strength (see there Example 1, page 10). An addition of cement reduces ease of processing, although maintaining a lightweight construction can.

Die GB 1 344 665 befaßt sich im wesentlichen mit der Feuerhemmung und einem mineralischen Füllstoff. Für die Feuerhemmung werden synthetische Harze oder plastische Zemente vorgeschlagen (vgl. dort Seite 1, Zeilen 41 bis 43). Als mineralische Füllstoffe werden Quarzsand vorgeschlagen (vgl. dort Seite 2, Zeilen 112 bis 115). Das Bindemittel ist Phenol-Resol, zusammen mit Wasserglas.GB 1 344 665 is essentially concerned with fire retardancy and a mineral filler. For the fire retardation are synthetic resins or plastic Cements proposed (see page 1, lines 41 to 43). As mineral fillers quartz sand are proposed (see page 2, lines 112 to 115). The binder is Phenolic resole, together with water glass.

Die Erfindung geht von der Aufgabe aus, die in der holzverarbeitenden Industrie anfallenden Reststoffe sinnvoll zu verwerten und damit einen Ziegel zu schaffen, der nicht nur leicht verarbeitbar ist sondern auch ein geringes Gewicht aufweist. Das zu seiner Herstellung führende Herstellungsverfahren soll einfach und ohne höhere Temperaturen arbeiten.The invention is based on the task arising in the woodworking industry It makes sense to recycle residues and thus create a brick that is not only light is processable but also has a low weight. That to his production leading manufacturing process should work easily and without higher temperatures.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit dem Anspruch 1 oder dem Anspruch 4 gelöst.This object is achieved by claim 1 or claim 4.

Die Erfindung schlägt vor, einen Teil des Abfalls industriell zu verwerten (Anspruch 1). Im Bauwesen, insbesondere im Holz- Bauwesen, werden Teile aus Nutzholz, wie Balken, Bretter, Platten, im Außen- und Innenausbau verwendet. Für viele Anwendungen, wie z. B. für Wände, kann man anstelle des Mauerwerkes den erfindungsgemäßen Ziegel einsetzen.The invention proposes to industrialize a part of the waste recycle (claim 1). In the construction industry, especially in wood Construction, parts of timber, such as beams, boards, Panels, used in exterior and interior construction. For many Applications, such as B. for walls, one can replace the Masonry use the brick according to the invention.

Die Verwendung des "Holzziegels" (wie Holz verarbeitbarer Ziegel aus Reststoffen) erleichtert die Arbeiten nicht nur durch sein geringes Gewicht, sondern durch die Art, wie Holz verarbeitet zu werden. Seine Bestandteile entstammen im wesentlichen der holzverarbeitenden Industrie.The use of the "wood tile" (such as wood-processed brick from residues) does not facilitate the work only by its light weight, but by the way wood is used to be processed. Its components come essentially from the woodworking industry.

Weitere Vorteile des "Holzziegels" sind seine Beständigkeit gegen Wasser und seine schwere Entflammbarkeit. Durch das Gefüge des Werkstoffes wird sich der Ziegel nicht verformen oder Risse bekommen.Other advantages of the "wood tile" are its resistance to Water and its heavy flammability. Through the structure of the Material will not deform the brick or cracks to get.

Das Zusammenfügen von Holzziegeln geschieht (wie bei Holz) auf mechanischem Weg oder durch Verleimung mit üblichen Mitteln. Insbesondere ist ein Zusammenfügen mit üblichen Baumaterialien, wie Stein, Gips, Beton, durch spezielle Zemente möglich.The joining of wooden bricks happens (as with wood) mechanical way or by gluing by conventional means. In particular, an assembly with conventional building materials, like stone, plaster, concrete, possible with special cements.

Die Dichte und Druckfestigkeit des Holzziegels entspricht der von Hartholz.The density and compressive strength of the wooden tile corresponds to the of hardwood.

Durch die Art des Werkstoffes ist der Holzziegel recycelbar. Die Verwendung des Holzziegels trägt dazu bei, Reststoffe besser zu nutzen, nicht sie zu verbrennen. Due to the nature of the material, the wooden tile is recyclable. The Use of the wood tile helps to better absorb residues use, do not burn them.  

Ein Beispiel für die Herstellung und die verwendeten Gewichtsanteile ist für einen Ziegel von etwa 1 kg (±10%):An example of the production and the used Weight is for a tile of about 1 kg (± 10%):

Trockenmischung:Dry mix: trockenes Holzmehl/Spänedry wood flour / shavings etwa 270 gabout 270 g Vermiculite Granulat (0-3 mm ⌀)Vermiculite granules (0-3 mm ⌀) etwa 140 gabout 140 g Textil- oder Glasfaser-Schnitzel 13 mmTextile or glass fiber chip 13 mm etwa 15 gabout 15 g dazu: @to: @ NatronwasserglasNatronwasserglas etwa 600 gabout 600 g mit Wasserwith water etwa 80 gabout 80 g vermischen dazu: @mix to: @ PVAC Turbo LeimPVAC turbo glue etwa 300 gabout 300 g mit Wasserwith water etwa 80 gabout 80 g

Die Mischung ansetzen und verrühren.Start the mixture and stir.

Zur Verarbeitung bleiben 15 bis 20 Minuten Verpressung im kalten Zustand; bessere Verarbeitung ergibt sich ca. 60°C bis 80°C. Dann wird das Produkt zum Trocknen gelagert.For processing 15 to 20 minutes of compression remain in the cold state; better processing results in about 60 ° C to 80 ° C. Then the product is stored for drying.

Claims (7)

1. Ziegel für den Innenausbau, der wie Holz verarbeitbar ist, bestehend aus Reststoffen der Holzverarbeitung, nämlich einer Mischung aus Säge-, Hobel- oder Holzbruchspänen und Sägemehl oder Schleifstaub, Wasserglas mit Wasser sowie einem PVAC-Leim mit Wasser, wobei Dichte und Druckfestigkeit des getrockneten Ziegels etwa denen von Hartholz entsprechen, der Ziegel aber beständig gegenüber Wasser und schwer entflammbar ist.1. bricks for interior work, which can be processed like wood, consisting of wood processing residues, namely a mixture of sawdust, planed or broken wood chips and Sawdust or sanding dust, water glass with water as well a PVAC glue with water, whereby density and pressure resistance of dried brick such as those of hardwood The bricks are resistant to water and water is hardly flammable. 2. Ziegel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er Reststoffe der Holzverarbeitung und Vermiculit- Granulat von 0 mm bis 3 mm Durchmesser im Verhältnis von 2 : 1 enthält.2. brick according to claim 1, characterized that he residues of wood processing and vermiculite Granules from 0 mm to 3 mm diameter in the ratio of 2: 1 contains. 3. Ziegel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Textil- oder Glasfaser-Schnitzel in gegenüber den Reststoffen der Holzverarbeitung geringen Mengen enthalten sind.3. brick according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that textile or glass fiber chips in relation to the residues the wood processing small amounts are included. 4. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Ziegels nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Mischung von Reststoffen der Holzverarbeitung mit einem ersten Bindemittel aus Wassserglas und Wasser, dann mit einem zweiten Bindemittel aus PVAC-Leim und Wasser vermengt, das Gemenge in eine Ziegelform geschüttet oder gepreßt und zum fertigen Ziegel getrocknet wird.4. A method for producing a brick according to claim 1, characterized, that a mixture of residues of the Woodworking with a first binder of water glass and water, then with a second binder of PVAC glue and water mixed, the mixture into a brick mold poured or pressed and dried to the finished brick becomes. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mischung zunächst mit Vermiculit-Granulaten im Gewichtsverhältnis von etwa 1 : 2 vermischt wird, daß diese Mischung dann mit dem ersten Bindemittel, bestehend aus Wasserglas und Wasser im Verhältnis von etwa 7 : 1 bis 8 : 1 vermengt wird, das Gemenge mit dem zweiten Bindemittell, bestehend aus PVAC-Leim und Wasser im Verhältnis von etwa 3,5 : 1 bis 4 : 1 verrührt und die Masse in die Ziegelform eingebracht wird. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized that the mixture first with vermiculite granules in the Weight ratio of about 1: 2 is mixed, that this Mix then with the first binder consisting of Water glass and water in the ratio of about 7: 1 to 8: 1 is mixed, the mixture with the second binder, consisting of PVAC glue and water in the ratio of about Stirred 3.5: 1 to 4: 1 and the mass in the brick form is introduced.   6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß den Vermiculit-Granulaten Textil- oder Glasfaser-Schnitzel im Verhältnis von etwa 10 : 1 beigemengt werden.6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the Vermiculite granules Textile or glass fiber chips in proportion be added by about 10: 1. 7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wasserglasanteil des ersten Bindemittels und der PVAC-Leimanteil des zweiten Bindemittels etwa im Verhältnis von 2 : 1 stehen, wobei Wasserglas und die Mischung aus Reststoffen im Verhältnis von etwa knapp 2 : 1 eingesetzt werden.7. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized that the water glass content of the first binder and the PVAC glue content of the second binder about in proportion of 2: 1, with water glass and the mixture of Residues in the ratio of about just 2: 1 are used.
DE4413964A 1994-04-13 1994-04-21 Bricks made of wood processing residues and process for making same Expired - Fee Related DE4413964C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4413964A DE4413964C2 (en) 1994-04-13 1994-04-21 Bricks made of wood processing residues and process for making same

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4412739 1994-04-13
DE4413964A DE4413964C2 (en) 1994-04-13 1994-04-21 Bricks made of wood processing residues and process for making same

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Publication Number Publication Date
DE4413964A1 DE4413964A1 (en) 1995-10-19
DE4413964C2 true DE4413964C2 (en) 1996-03-14

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19715310A1 (en) * 1997-04-02 1998-10-08 Kschiwan Marlis Building material composition for the production of non-load carrying walls
DE19811805A1 (en) * 1998-03-18 1999-09-23 Mbr Agrar Service Taunus Weste Vegetable material insulating elements, preferably building board for construction thermal and sound insulation

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19835482A1 (en) * 1998-08-07 2000-02-10 Kurt Pfeifer Wood block construction system uses scrap wood and offcuts to shape into interlocking blocks for outer and inner walls
DE20001962U1 (en) 2000-02-04 2000-04-20 Schnell, Friedrich, 91735 Muhr Building material and molded body
GB0125368D0 (en) * 2001-10-23 2001-12-12 Dutiro Cathbert Hybrid 01
DE102008063914A1 (en) 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Dieffenbacher Gmbh + Co. Kg Method for producing e.g. high density fiberboard plate in multi daylight press, involves pressing fibers on forming belt by pressure and heat in press, and adding powder to glued fibers at one point by transport pipe and/or tubular drier
AT511275B1 (en) * 2011-03-24 2013-02-15 Papouschek Roland BRICK
EP2785773A1 (en) * 2011-12-01 2014-10-08 Global Telecom Organisation S.A. Substrate binding process

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AT244210B (en) * 1962-05-18 1965-12-27 Eugene Smits Method of making a building material
GB1344665A (en) * 1971-11-10 1974-01-23 Gregor A Mixture for preparing moulded products
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AT330057B (en) * 1973-06-06 1976-06-10 Perlmooser Zementwerke Ag METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SHAPED BODIES, IN PARTICULAR LIGHTWEIGHT PANELS
DE2636376A1 (en) * 1976-08-12 1978-02-16 Novopan Gmbh Hot pressing organic and-or inorganic materials into panels - using water glass mixed with fluorspar as the binder
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DE3839986C2 (en) * 1988-11-26 1996-04-04 Frankonia Handels Und Vertrieb Process for producing a curable molding compound and use thereof
DE3904729A1 (en) * 1989-02-16 1990-08-23 Khw Bauchemie Gmbh METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A CHIPBOARD AND CHIPBOARD MADE ACCORDING TO THIS METHOD
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19715310A1 (en) * 1997-04-02 1998-10-08 Kschiwan Marlis Building material composition for the production of non-load carrying walls
DE19811805A1 (en) * 1998-03-18 1999-09-23 Mbr Agrar Service Taunus Weste Vegetable material insulating elements, preferably building board for construction thermal and sound insulation

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