DE19811805A1 - Vegetable material insulating elements, preferably building board for construction thermal and sound insulation - Google Patents
Vegetable material insulating elements, preferably building board for construction thermal and sound insulationInfo
- Publication number
- DE19811805A1 DE19811805A1 DE1998111805 DE19811805A DE19811805A1 DE 19811805 A1 DE19811805 A1 DE 19811805A1 DE 1998111805 DE1998111805 DE 1998111805 DE 19811805 A DE19811805 A DE 19811805A DE 19811805 A1 DE19811805 A1 DE 19811805A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- insulating elements
- cellulose
- silicates
- starch
- plants
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000005418 vegetable material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 quaternary ammonium silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007319 Avena orientalis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000075850 Avena orientalis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000082988 Secale cereale Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007238 Secale cereale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920013820 alkyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920013821 hydroxy alkyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 claims 1
- NTBYNMBEYCCFPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane boric acid Chemical class N.N.N.OB(O)O NTBYNMBEYCCFPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019351 sodium silicates Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 4
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] RLQWHDODQVOVKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
- D04H1/4258—Regenerated cellulose series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/60—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in dry state, e.g. thermo-activatable agents in solid or molten state, and heat being applied subsequently
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Dämmelemente, insbesondere Bauplatten, aus pflanzlichen Materialien, die mittels wasserlöslichem Silikat gebunden sind. Dämmelemente werden zur Schalldämmung eingesetzt und dienen dem Vermei den von Wärmeverlusten durch Wärmeleitung. Sie bestehen häufig aus syntheti schen Polymeren, wie z. B. Polystyrol, Polyurethan sowie mineralischen Materia lien wie, Steinwolle, Glaswolle, expandiertem Vermiculit.The present invention relates to insulation elements, in particular building boards vegetable materials bound by water-soluble silicate. Insulation elements are used for sound insulation and serve to avoid that of heat loss through heat conduction. They often consist of syntheti polymers such as. B. polystyrene, polyurethane and mineral materia lien like, rock wool, glass wool, expanded vermiculite.
In der Patentanmeldung DE 42 11 732 und in der Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung DE 295 06 761 werden Isoliermatten aus Flachsfasern beschrieben. Zur Herstel lung dieser Dämmplatten ist jedoch die vorherige, aufwendige Gewinnung von Bastfasern erforderlich, die nur zu rd. 22% im Stroh der Faserpflanze enthalten sind. In the patent application DE 42 11 732 and in the utility model application DE 295 06 761 describes insulating mats made from flax fibers. For the manufacture However, this insulation board is the previous, complex extraction of Bast fibers are required, which are only approx. 22% contained in the straw of the fiber plant are.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung sind daher Dämmelemente aus gehäk selten Materialien einjähriger Pflanzen, wie z. B. Stroh von Getreide-pflanzen, wie Roggen, Weizen, Gerste, Hafer, Mais, Sorghum oder von faserliefernden Pflanzen, wie Öl- und Faserlein, Hanf, Jute, Kenaf oder Ramie sowie deren Mi schungen. Das Stroh der Faserpflanzen kann ganz, teilweise oder überhaupt nicht, von Bastfasern befreit sein. Bei einem hohen Bastfasergehalt ist jedoch die Ver arbeitung schwieriger, so daß es sinnvoll ist, mittels geeigneter Schneidemaschi nen für eine Einkürzung der Faseranteile Sorge zu tragen. Als wasserlösliche Si likate eignen sich Natrium-, Kalium-, und quaternäre Ammoniumsilikate, sowie deren Mischungen.The present invention therefore relates to insulation elements made from crochet rare materials of annual plants, such as B. straw from cereal plants, such as rye, wheat, barley, oats, corn, sorghum or from fiber suppliers Plants, such as oil and fiber flax, hemp, jute, kenaf or ramie and their Mi. worked. The straw of the fiber plants can be wholly, partially or not at all, be freed of bast fibers. With a high bast fiber content, however, the Ver work more difficult, so that it makes sense to use a suitable cutting machine to ensure a reduction in the fiber content. As water-soluble Si Likates are sodium, potassium, and quaternary ammonium silicates, as well their mixtures.
Da die ausgehärteten Alkalisilikate eine recht spröde Bindung darstellen, ist es sinnvoll, diesen Cellulose- und Stärkederivaten - wie beispielsweise Carboxy methylcellulose, Alkylcellulose, Hydroxyalkylcellulose, Stärke, Phosphatstärke, Hydroxyalkylstärke - oder Alginate, Polyurethane, Polyacrylate, Polymaleinate, Polyasparagate, Polyvinylpyrolidon, Bentonite oder organisch modifizierte Ben tonite, sowie Xanthane oder Proteide, wie Casein, als zusätzliche Binderkompo nente einzusetzen. Es kannsinnvoll sein zur Verbesserung bestimmter Eigen schaften den Mischungen weiterhin Borsäure, Alkaliborate und Ammoniumbo rate zuzusetzen.Since the hardened alkali silicates represent a very brittle bond, it is sensible, these cellulose and starch derivatives - such as carboxy methyl cellulose, alkyl cellulose, hydroxyalkyl cellulose, starch, phosphate starch, Hydroxyalkyl starch - or alginates, polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polymaleinates, Polyasparagate, polyvinyl pyrolidone, bentonite or organically modified Ben tonite, as well as xanthans or proteins, such as casein, as additional binder compos to use. It can be useful to improve certain properties The mixtures also contain boric acid, alkali borates and ammonium bo rate add.
Die Herstellung der beanspruchten Dämmelemente erfolgt in der Weise, daß zu erst die gehäkselten Pflanzenteile in einen Mischer mit der erforderlichen Menge Alkalisilikatlösung bzw. Mischungen aus Alkalisilikaten und den oben erwähnten Stärke- und Celluloseabkömmlingen innig vermischt werden. Dies kann auch durch Besprühen während des Mischvorgangs erfolgen. Die Mi schungsverhältnisse lassen sich in einem weiten Bereich variieren.The production of the claimed insulation elements takes place in such a way that First the crocheted parts of plants in a mixer with the required amount Alkali silicate solution or mixtures of alkali silicates and the above mentioned starch and cellulose derivatives are intimately mixed. This can also be done by spraying during the mixing process. The Wed conditions can be varied within a wide range.
Die Formteile werden dann durch Eintragen der Mischung in geeignete Formen und anschließendem Pressen oder - bei einer kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Dämmplatten - durch Einbringen in geeignete Pressanlagen, wie z. B. Platten- oder Bandpressen, erhalten. The molded parts are then made by inserting the mixture into suitable molds and subsequent pressing or - in a continuous production of Insulation boards - by placing them in suitable press systems, such as B. plate or Belt presses received.
Das Aushärten kann sowohl durch lagern bei Normaltemperatur, als auch in ge eigneten Trockenöfen erfolgen.The curing can be done both by storing at normal temperature and in ge suitable drying ovens.
Die so erzeugten Dämmelemente wirken feuchtigkeitsregulierend in beide Rich tungen, da sie atmungsaktiv sind. Sie sind als biologisch einwandfrei anzusehen, so daß weder bei Abfallplatten während des Einbaus noch bei einem späteren Ausbau keinerlei Entsorgungsprobleme entstehen.The insulation elements produced in this way have a moisture-regulating effect in both directions as they are breathable. They are considered to be biologically sound, so that neither with waste panels during installation nor with a later Expansion no disposal problems arise.
2 Teile Hanfschäben und 3 Teile Natriumwasserglas (36%) werden innig ver mischt. Die Masse wird in eine Form überführt und 2 Stunden bei 150°C und bei einer Belastung von 8 kN/m2 gehärtet.2 parts of hemp shives and 3 parts of sodium water glass (36%) are mixed intimately. The mass is transferred into a mold and cured for 2 hours at 150 ° C. and under a load of 8 kN / m 2 .
15 Teile Hanfschäben und 5 Teile gehäkseltes Weizenstroh werden mit 30 Teilen Kaliumwasserglas (29%) innig vermischt. Die Masse wird in eine Form überführt und anschließend 2 Stunden bei 130°C getrocknet.15 parts of hemp shives and 5 parts of crocheted wheat straw are made with 30 parts Potassium water glass (29%) intimately mixed. The mass is converted into a form and then dried at 130 ° C for 2 hours.
25 Teile Hanfschäben, 20 Teile Natriumwasserglas (36%) und 8 Teile Carboxy methylcelluloselösung (0,5%) werden innig vermischt. Die Masse wird anschlie ßend in eine Form überführt und 2 Stunden bei 125°C und einer Belastung von 8 kN/m2 ausgehärtet.25 parts hemp shives, 20 parts sodium water glass (36%) and 8 parts carboxy methyl cellulose solution (0.5%) are mixed intimately. The mass is then transferred to a mold and cured for 2 hours at 125 ° C and a load of 8 kN / m 2 .
10 Teile Hanfschäben, 15 Teile gehäkseltes Weizenstroh, 30 Teile Natrium kaliumwasserglas werden innig vermischt. Die Masse in eine Form überführt und 2 Stunden bei 140°C und einer Belastung von 20 kN/m2 ausgehärtet. 10 parts of hemp shives, 15 parts of crocheted wheat straw, 30 parts of sodium potassium water glass are mixed intimately. The mass is transferred to a mold and cured for 2 hours at 140 ° C and a load of 20 kN / m 2 .
20 Teile gehäkselte Flachsstroh mit einem Fasergehalt von 10% und 3 Teile Na triumwasserglas werden gut vermischt. Die Masse wird in einer Form 2 Stunden bei 150°C und einer Belastung von 8 kN/m2 ausgehärtet.20 parts of crocheted flax straw with a fiber content of 10% and 3 parts of sodium water glass are mixed well. The mass is cured in a mold for 2 hours at 150 ° C and a load of 8 kN / m 2 .
20 Teile gehäkseltes Flachsstroh, 10 Teile Hanfschäben, 20 Teile Natriumwas serglas (36%) und 10 Teile Methylcelluloselösung (0,5%) werden innig ver mischt. Die Masse läßt man in einer Form 72 Stunden bei Raumtemperatur und einer Belastung von 8 kN/m2 getrocknet.20 parts of crocheted flax straw, 10 parts of hemp shives, 20 parts of sodium water glass (36%) and 10 parts of methyl cellulose solution (0.5%) are mixed intimately. The mass is allowed to dry in a mold for 72 hours at room temperature and a load of 8 kN / m 2 .
20 Teile gehäkseltes Weizenstroh, 20 Teile Natriumwasserglas (36%) und 8 Teile Hydroxyethylcellulose werden gut vermischt. In eine Form überführt wird eine Masse 2 Stunden bei 140°C und einer Belastung von 4 kN/m2 ausgelastet.20 parts of crocheted wheat straw, 20 parts of sodium water glass (36%) and 8 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose are mixed well. Transferred to a mold, a mass is used for 2 hours at 140 ° C. and a load of 4 kN / m 2 .
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1998111805 DE19811805A1 (en) | 1998-03-18 | 1998-03-18 | Vegetable material insulating elements, preferably building board for construction thermal and sound insulation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1998111805 DE19811805A1 (en) | 1998-03-18 | 1998-03-18 | Vegetable material insulating elements, preferably building board for construction thermal and sound insulation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19811805A1 true DE19811805A1 (en) | 1999-09-23 |
Family
ID=7861361
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1998111805 Ceased DE19811805A1 (en) | 1998-03-18 | 1998-03-18 | Vegetable material insulating elements, preferably building board for construction thermal and sound insulation |
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| Country | Link |
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| DE (1) | DE19811805A1 (en) |
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| WO2009087360A1 (en) * | 2008-01-05 | 2009-07-16 | University Of York | Biorefinery products in structural materials |
| WO2013008069A1 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-17 | Oosterlynck Lin-Luc | Construction unit made of a sheet-shaped material and method for the production thereof |
| WO2021079363A1 (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-04-29 | Kenaf Ventures Ltd | Building materials and methods of manufacturing same |
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