DE4402244A1 - Sound and heat insulating material - Google Patents

Abstract

Insulating material, esp. sound and heat insulation, is made from a dried, aqueous suspension containing chopped waste paper and animal and/or plant fibres, hairs, resp. short wool fibres. The mixed suspension is placed on a sheet former, esp. a sieve, where the water is removed. A flat flexible mat is formed and subsequently dried and finished.

Description

The invention relates to an insulating material, in particular for Sound and heat insulation as well as a manufacturing process of such an insulating material.

As insulation materials are, for example, synthetic materials such. B. Polyurethane foam or mineral wool, especially glass wool, known. Such insulation materials, which insulating purposes serve are not only relatively expensive and require a lot of production position a high energy expenditure, but it is problema table to dispose of or recycle them.  

DE 41 08 110 A1 describes thermal insulation for buildings and an insulation element known, the insulation material shown there Sheep wool consists of breathable within an insulation zone is actively included. The advantage of such insulation Substance is that a natural raw material is used becomes.

To obtain a desired consistency or flexibility or However, elasticity of the insulation material is necessary Sheep's wool fleece sandwiched between two layers of a needle enclose fleece and the structure by needles into one manageable unit to connect.

In other words, it is a molded body, for. B. for Rafter insulation obtained in that the bil the insulation wool by needling with felting needles into one Mat desired thickness is changed.

Alternatively, it is known from DE 41 08 110 A1, the sheep want to mix with a binder to create a thermally insulating quasi to get solid. As a binder mineral substances such as B. clay or plaster. The plates obtained for example can then be used for heating insulation on walls or roofs.

If wool with an above mineral binder is mixed, however, a molded body with a little elasticity, d. H. high risk of breakage. The far mineral binders worsen the desired th thermal insulation properties of the insulation material, increase the Density and thus the mass of the molded body. The handling when mounting is therefore difficult.

As explained, must, in order to different structures, for. B. flexi ble mats or more or less solid sheets, each used a different procedure become.  

In the case of the use of mineral binders also the basic idea of ecological and building physics Breakthrough harmless insulating material. Likewise the disadvantage is the high manufacturing effort, if sandwich-like layers of sheep's wool by needling or Ver Steppes must be connected to each other to achieve the desired insulation properties or material properties for laying of the insulation material.

It has already been suggested to get thermal insulation boards from dry to make fresh and chopped straw, the small one chopped straw is tied with a natural glue. These Plates are then pressed and get the ge wanted firmness. The disadvantage here is the addition of the adhesive fabric and the nonexistent possibility of being flexible, mat to produce ten-like insulating materials.

It is therefore an object of the invention, in particular an insulating material for sound and heat insulation as well as a process for the production position of such an insulating material to specify, from finally environmentally friendly, natural raw materials should be set and whereby by means of a single procedure rens by setting the process parameters insulation materials a structure from a flexible mat to one solid plate can be made.

The product produced by the method according to the invention should be reusable, recyclable and compo after use be stable.

The object of the invention is achieved with the features of claims 1 and 6, the sub-claims at least Very practical refinements and developments of the Ge show the subject of the main claims.

The basic idea of the invention is exclusively renewable, natural, fibrous raw materials, such as B. wool or wool scraps, straw, flax, hemp, sisal or the like  and recycling or secondary raw materials, such as. B. waste paper, to use. Alternatively, the natural part Fiber raw material replaced by synthetic secondary raw material fibers become.

According to the invention, an aqueous suspension from a pre the amount of waste paper processed and this suspension a predetermined amount of the fibrous, natural raw material fes added. After an appropriate mixing time of the aq suspension is transferred to a headbox via a headbox Four-wire system applied continuously. By the controller the headbox quantity and the drying process as well as the Recipe selection can be made by setting the respective manufacture process parameters an insulation material whose Structure from a flexible mat to a solid plate enough.

Ultimately, the control of the screen section, d. H. Batch quantity and the sieving speed the thickness of the Change insulation material.

Advantageously in the fourdrinier according to the invention lay a circumferential band used as a sieve. The siebaus existing, moisture-reduced structure on the aisle side then subjected to a final drying process. Advantageous tends to shorten and control drainage process in the sieve section under the sieve testifies which sucks the water. The mesh size of the ver sieve used in the sieve section is larger than that in the Paper industry usual.

If desired, e.g. B. inside the dryer, one or coating of the insulation material on both sides.

By means of the method according to the invention, an insulation is receive material, which essentially exclusively from Ab case products or renewable, natural raw materials stands. The insulation material according to the invention can be easily removed care and compostable.  

Due to the structure of the insulating material, excellent sound and thermal insulation properties and high air humidity change resistance given. In contrast to known ones biological insulation is the insulation according to the invention in its workability due to the different flexibility act, d. H. mat-like to the solid plate, in uncomplicated gracefully applicable. These different properties can be by the proportion of waste paper in the fiction control the appropriate suspension.

It has been found to be particularly advantageous that he insulation material according to the invention with a moving four-wire system or circular sieve plant in a continuous process can be put. Alternatively, a screening method can also be used ter using an immovable sieve.

The method according to the invention essentially consists of three steps, firstly creating the suspension in a suspending device, placing the suspension on a sieve for leaf formation, where a significant proportion of water under vacuum is sucked off and a last step, namely the full constant drying of the structure in a drying oven.

The invention is illustrated below with the aid of an embodiment game and explained with the help of a drawing become.

The drawing shows the schematic structure of a Four-wire system for producing the insulation according to the invention fabric.

The exemplary fourdrinier system shown in the figure consists of a turbosolver 1 , in which waste paper is fed. A defined amount of water is still supplied to the turbosolver 1 . At the bottom of the turbo solver 1 there is a rotor, not shown. The amount of waste paper that has not previously been shredded, is shredded with the help of the rotor with mutual friction.

After a further addition of water, the suspension thus obtained is fed via piping 2 to a chest 3 . The fibrous, further basic raw material now comes into the chest 3 , for example in the comb. Kämmling is a waste product from wool combing and consists of very short fibers with a length of approx. 5 mm, which are very crimped. Advantageously, these fibers can be shredded again before being introduced into the chest 3 .

In the chest 3 there is another screw rotor which mixes the suspension or maintains the degree of mixing achieved. The chest 3 thus serves the setting of the finished mixing ratio by a defined addition of the fibrous comb.

The ratio of waste paper in the box is between 10 and 50%, preferably between 10 and 30%, and noil between 90 and 50%, preferably between 90 and 70%. The proportion by weight of the raw materials in the suspension or Mixing is about 1 to 5%.

A later, dried structure with 90% comb or wool Share holds together well, is very flexible and in its own way Properties comparable to a wool fleece. A Ge joining with a share of 50% combed or wool is essential Lich firmer and can only be bent to a limited extent. It ver but still has some residual elasticity.

The mixture from the chest 3 then passes through a stipper 4 , which crushes existing coarse fiber bundles, into a refiner 5 .

In the refiner 5 , the fibers are disrupted, which increases the swellability and thus the strength of the end product and the connection between the individual starting components.

Depending on the setting of the refiner 5 , the material properties of the structure can be determined. The mixture then passes into a storage chest 6 . In the storage chest 6 , water can be added once more if necessary in order to adjust the corresponding degree of density. The storage chest 6 is connected via appropriate pipelines to a vortex centrifuge 7 which, in the manner of a centrifuge, separates out any coarse particles which may still be present in the mixture. Between the storage chest 6 , the vortex spinner 7 and an overflow basin 8 , the mixture circulates continuously in a cycle process.

The overflow basin 8 has an outlet 9 to a headbox 10 . The headbox 10 is expediently fed via the overflow basin 9 through a downward gradient pipeline. The headbox 10 serves the distributed, wide bring on the suspension on the rotating sieve 11th

In one embodiment, the mixture or suspension is applied to the screen 11 in a width of 2600 mm. The sieve 11 has lateral, circumferential cover straps, so that undesired draining of the suspension is avoided.

In the embodiment shown, the band-shaped sieve is made of polyester with a mesh size larger than the Pa usual, trained and runs with constant, but adjustable speed around. The speed is in the range of 0.5 to 18 m per minute.

If necessary, several screen sections can be connected in series. In a first sieving section 11.1 , the sieve runs over rollers 12 with spaces through which the water contained in the suspension or mixture can flow off. In the second sieving section 11.2 , a vacuum is created under the sieve, which sucks the water off.

On the output side of the second screen section 11.2 , a pair of rollers 13 can be arranged in order to be able to adjust or change the surface quality of the structure that is being formed. A second vacuum pump may be provided to accelerate the water removal process.

It should be noted that it is advantageous to remove as much water as possible from the suspension or the mixture within the sieve sections 11.1 and 11.2 , since the water removal here is significantly less costly than with an intensive heat-drying process.

The structure, which already has a firm consistency, is transferred into a multi-stage drying chamber 15 by means of a rotating conveyor belt 14 . The drying chamber 15 is designed in the form of a circulating air drying system consisting of a heating register and fan. Each drying chamber 15 can contain several such systems. The drying temperature can be up to 150 ° C.

On the output side 16 of the dryer, the structure is cut or formatted to length, for example.

As a result of various investigations, it was found that a variety of renewable fibers with waste paper as Starting raw material for the production of the insulation according to the invention fabric can be used. For example, on Instead of sheep's wool or comb, flax, straw and ver tried different grasses. Such raw materials were in similar Chen mixing ratios as when using the comb lings used.

In addition, there is the possibility of protecting the insulation material against rotting and flame retardation by spraying it with boric acid on the output side of the last stage of the drying chamber 15 .

The insulation obtained depends on the content of fas Rigen raw materials so elastic that he joint-tight can be clamped between rafters, for example. The Ge The joint of the insulation material is even and contains no coarse Components. Binder, as in known methods for Er hold of the structure are not necessary. The received pro product is reusable, landfill and compostable. Rest quantities of unprocessed material can easily be processed without  gene disposed of or returned to the manufacturing process become.

The thickness of the insulating material is advantageously approximately 20 mm. In one embodiment, multiple base plates were used this thickness is linked to a stronger sandwich plate or quilted or glued.

The insulation material according to the invention is, for example, as Iso lation pad for carpets or as a flaky one Filler used. It has been shown that the use of the Insulation material according to the invention in particular advantages brings where high room humidity levels occur. This is the half, because the insulation is able to absorb large amounts of the moisture contained in the air and absorb it again dispense without disturbing condensation or condensate dung occurs.

Claims (16)

1. Insulating material, in particular for sound and thermal insulation, characterized by a structure made from a dried aqueous suspension, the suspension containing shredded, shredded waste paper and animal and / or vegetable fibers, hair or wool of short fiber length. 2. Insulating material according to claim 1, characterized, that the proportion of waste paper in the aqueous suspension in one Range essentially between 10 and 50%, preferably between 10 and 30% and the proportion of animal and / or  vegetable fibers in a range essentially between 90 and 50%, preferably between 90 and 70%. 3. Insulating material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized, that the animal fibers are combed or the like. 4. Insulating material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized, that the vegetable fibers shredded straw, reeds, Flax, hemp, sisal or the like. 5. Process for producing an insulation material, characterized by the following steps:

• - Form an aqueous suspension of shredded waste paper and water
• - Add a predetermined amount of animal and / or vegetable fibers, hair or wool of short fiber length
• - Mixing the aqueous suspension
• - Flat application and distribution of the mixture on a sheet former, in particular a sieve
• - Removal of most of the water while maintaining a flat, flexible to firm mat-like structure
• - Drying and assembling or formatting the structure.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in
that the aqueous suspension is processed in a turbosolvent by the continuous addition of waste paper and the subsequent addition of a predetermined amount of animal and / or vegetable fibers, hair or wool;
the mixture thus obtained is applied via a headbox to a preferably Fourdrinier system, the majority of the water possibly being removed over a plurality of sieve sections and then the residual moisture removed from the flat, mat-like structure thus obtained in a preferred continuous dryer. 7. The method according to claim 6, marked by a continuous process run, whereby by the Control of the feed quantity and the speed of the band-like sieve section the thickness of the structure is adjustable. 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized, that dehydration in the sieve section or sections vacuum-assisted. 9. The method according to claim 6, 7 or 8, characterized, that to adjust or change the surface quality The structure of a pair of rollers on the exit side of the screen section goes through. 10. The method according to claim 6, characterized, that the amount of waste paper in the suspension is in a range between 10 and 30% and the amount of fibers, hair or wool or the like in the suspension in a range between 90 and 10%. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized, that with increasing fiber or wool content the flexibility of Structure increases. 12. The method according to claim 6, characterized, that short-fiber comb as a waste product in wool combing is used.   13. The method according to claim 6, characterized, that old newspapers are used as waste paper. 14. The method according to claim 6, characterized, that the suspension is binder-free. 15. The method according to claim 6, characterized, that the suspension contains starch. 16. Insulating material according to claim 1, marked by the use as insulation material in construction, flaky Filling material for isolating inaccessible cavities, Insulation mats for noise protection hoods in machines or machines vehicle construction or as a humidity store in rooms with high or changing air humidity.