DE4344355A1 - Starting IC engine in car - Google Patents
Starting IC engine in carInfo
- Publication number
- DE4344355A1 DE4344355A1 DE4344355A DE4344355A DE4344355A1 DE 4344355 A1 DE4344355 A1 DE 4344355A1 DE 4344355 A DE4344355 A DE 4344355A DE 4344355 A DE4344355 A DE 4344355A DE 4344355 A1 DE4344355 A1 DE 4344355A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- current
- pinion
- track
- spring
- motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/0851—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for controlling the engagement or disengagement between engine and starter, e.g. meshing of pinion and engine gear
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
- F02D2041/2024—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit the control switching a load after time-on and time-off pulses
- F02D2041/2027—Control of the current by pulse width modulation or duty cycle control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
- F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Starteinrichtung gemäß dem Oberbe griff des Patentanspruchs 1. Bei derartigen Starteinrichtungen, wie sie in großem Umfange im Serieneinsatz bei Kraftfahrzeug- Antriebsmaschinen sind, ergibt sich ein Problem daraus, daß der Strom im Einspurstromkreis infolge des Vorhandenseins zumindest einer elektromagnetischen Erregerwicklung mit temperaturab hängigem Ohmschen Widerstand in relativ starkem Maße tempera turabhängig ist. Daraus resultiert, wie auch in der DE-PS 41 06 247, F02N 11/08, dargelegt, eine starke Abhängigkeit der letzt lich auf das Ritzel nebst Stützfeder wirkenden Einspurkraft und demgemäß eine entsprechende Temperaturabhängigkeit der Beschleu nigung des Ritzels. Bei niedrigen Temperaturen und demgemäß hohen Einspurströmen erfolgt gleichsam eine schlagartige Axial bewegung des Ritzels, was, sofern die Zähne des Ritzels nicht bezüglich der Zahnlücken des Zahnrades ausgerichtet sind, zu Aufprallvorgängen der Zahnflanken und dadurch nicht nur zu vorzeitigem Verschleiß, sondern auch zu einer Erschwerung des Einspurens führt.The invention relates to a starting device according to the Oberbe handle of claim 1. With such starting devices, as they are used extensively in series production in automotive Are prime movers, a problem arises from the fact that the Current in the single-track circuit at least due to the presence an electromagnetic excitation winding with temperature dependent pending ohmic resistance to a relatively large extent tempera is dependent on the door. As in DE-PS 41 06 247, this results in F02N 11/08, set out a strong dependency on the latter Lich on the pinion and supporting spring acting and accordingly a corresponding temperature dependence of the accelerator the pinion. At low temperatures and accordingly high single-track currents, there is an abrupt axial movement of the pinion, what if the teeth of the pinion are not aligned with the tooth gaps of the gear, too Impact processes of the tooth flanks and therefore not only to premature wear, but also aggravates the Tracking leads.
In der genannten deutschen Patentschrift wird als Gegenmaßnahme das Vorsehen eines NTC-Widerstands in Kombination mit Ohmschen Widerständen im Einspurstromkreis angegeben; durch diese Maß nahme soll eine weitgehende Temperaturunabhängigkeit des resul tierenden Ohmschen Widerstandes des Einspurstromkreises und damit eine Konstanz des Einspurstromes erreicht werden. Zwar ist eine derartige Lösung günstiger als die in der DE-OS 23 33 047, F02N 11/08, vorgesehene Umschaltung zwischen einem relativ kurzen Strompfad bei hohen und einem längeren, demgemäß einen größeren Ohmschen Widerstand bewirkenden Stromkreis bei niedri gen Temperaturen, da eine bessere Anpassung an unterschiedliche Temperaturwerte möglich ist, jedoch kann die beschriebene Stromkonstanthaltung bei den hohen Stromwerten und dem relativ großen zu erfassenden Temperaturbereich Schwierigkeiten machen.In the mentioned German patent specification is used as a countermeasure the provision of an NTC resistor in combination with ohmic Resistances in single-track circuit specified; by this measure should be largely independent of the temperature of the resul the ohmic resistance of the single-track circuit and so that a constant track current can be achieved. Is such a solution cheaper than that in DE-OS 23 33 047, F02N 11/08, intended switchover between a relative short current path with high and a longer one, accordingly one larger ohmic resistance circuit at low temperature, as better adaptation to different Temperature values are possible, however, the one described Maintaining current at high current values and relative large temperature range to be covered.
Der Erfindung liegt demgemäß die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gat tungsgemäße Starteinrichtung zu schaffen, die mit einfachen Mitteln Temperatureinflüsse auf den Einspurvorgang mit den daraus resultierenden Nachteilen vermeidet.The invention is therefore based on the object, a gat to create proper starting device with simple Average temperature influences on the single-track process with the avoids the resulting disadvantages.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht in den kenn zeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs, vorteilhafte Ausbil dungen der Erfindung beschreiben die Unteransprüche.The inventive solution to this problem consists in the drawing features of the main claim, advantageous training The invention describes the subclaims.
Bezüglich der Ausführungsform der Erfindung gemäß Anspruch 2 sei darauf hingewiesen, daß der Einsatz der Pulsweitenmodulation bei Starteinrichtungen aus der EP 0 373 777 B1, F02N 11/08, in der Weise bekannt ist, daß nach kontinuierlicher Erregung während des Einspurvorganges in der Haltephase ein in der Weise puls weitenmodulierter Strom sichergestellt wird, daß er einerseits als Haltestrom ausreicht, andererseits keine thermische Bela stung darstellt.Regarding the embodiment of the invention according to claim 2 noted that the use of pulse width modulation Starting devices from EP 0 373 777 B1, F02N 11/08, in which It is known that after continuous excitation during of the single-track operation in the holding phase a pulse in the way width-modulated current is ensured that he on the one hand sufficient as holding current, on the other hand no thermal load represents.
Bei der Erfindung erfolgt demgegenüber bei dem bevorzugten Aus führungsbeispiel die Pulsweitenmodulation zumindest während der Einspurphase, um schlagartige Beschleunigungen des Ritzels und dadurch die eingangs beschriebenen Nachteile und Schwierigkeiten insbesondere bei tiefen Temperaturen zu vermeiden. Wie erfin dungsgemäß erkannt wurde, erfolgt der Einspurvorgang dann opti mal, wenn die Beschleunigungen des Ritzels so niedrig gewählt sind, daß dabei die dieses abstützende Feder nicht gespannt wird, da die in der Feder sonst gespeicherte Energie zu uner wünschten, das Einspuren erschwerenden Prallbewegungen des Ritzels nach dem Auftreffen auf Stirnseiten des Zahnrades führt.In contrast, in the invention takes place in the preferred off example the pulse width modulation at least during the Single-track phase to sudden accelerations of the pinion and thereby the disadvantages and difficulties described above to avoid especially at low temperatures. How invented was recognized in accordance with the invention, the single-track operation then takes place opti times when the accelerations of the pinion are chosen so low are that the spring supporting this is not under tension becomes because the energy otherwise stored in the spring too un wish the baffle movements of the Ritzels leads after hitting the face of the gear.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung erläutert, deren Fig. 1 die wesentlichen Bestand teile der Starteinrichtung wiedergibt, während die weiteren Figuren den Zeitverlauf des Einspurstromes bei verschiedenen Temperaturen zeigen.An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, Fig. 1 shows the essential components of the starting device, while the other figures show the time course of the single-track current at different temperatures.
In Fig. 1 erkennt man bei 1 den elektrischen Startermotor üblichen und daher nicht zu beschreibenden Aufbaus, der mittels des Kontaktes 2 des Magnetschalters 3 dann eingeschaltet wird, wenn die Zähne des Ritzels 4 auf der Ausgangswelle 5 des Star termotors 1 durch Axialverschiebung des Ritzels (diese Axial verschiebung in Fig. 1 nach rechts erfolgt in bekannter Weise mittels einer vom Magnetschalter 3 mechanisch angesteuerten Gabel über die Druckfeder 6) in die Zähne des Zahnrades 7 auf der Welle 8 der zu startenden Brennkraftmaschine eingespurt sind.In Fig. 1 you can see at 1 the electric starter motor usual and therefore not to be described structure, which is switched on by means of the contact 2 of the magnetic switch 3 when the teeth of the pinion 4 on the output shaft 5 of the starter motor 1 by axial displacement of the pinion ( this axial displacement in Fig. 1 to the right takes place in a known manner by means of a fork mechanically controlled by the magnetic switch 3 via the compression spring 6 ) in the teeth of the gear 7 on the shaft 8 of the internal combustion engine to be started.
Auch zur Durchführung dieser Einspurbewegung des Ritzels 4 dient in an sich bekannter Weise der Magnetschalter 3. Er liegt demge mäß in einem Stromkreis 9, der als Einspurstromkreis bezeichnet werden kann und der als strombestimmendes Bauelement den strom messenden Transistor 10 enthält. Dieser liefert einerseits an die Pulsweitenmodulationsstufe 11, der der Oszillator 12 zuge ordnet ist, über die Leitung 13 Signale für den Ist-Wert des jeweils im Stromkreis 9 fließenden Stromes, die mit vom Soll wertgeber 14 kommenden Sollwertsignalen verglichen werden; dem gemäß wird das Tastverhältnis der vom Oszillator 12 kommenden Impulse in der Stufe 11 so variiert, daß die über den Treiber 15 zum Transistor 10 gelangenden Ansteuersignale eine Arbeitsweise des Transistors 10 sicherstellen, die ihrerseits bei allen Tem peraturen zur Einhaltung gewünschter Strommaximalwerte führt. Diese Stromwerte sind also so bemessen, daß bei der Beschleuni gung des Ritzels 4 die Druckfeder 6 nicht komprimiert wird, so daß Prallvorgänge bei stirnseitigen Berührungen zwischen den Zahnrädern 4 und 7 vermieden sind.The magnetic switch 3 also serves to carry out this single-track movement of the pinion 4 in a manner known per se. It is accordingly in a circuit 9 , which can be referred to as a single-track circuit and which contains the current-measuring transistor 10 as a current-determining component. On the one hand, this delivers to the pulse width modulation stage 11 , to which the oscillator 12 is assigned, via line 13 signals for the actual value of the current flowing in the circuit 9 , which are compared with setpoint signals coming from the setpoint generator 14 ; Accordingly, the duty cycle of coming from the oscillator 12 pulses in the step 11 is varied so that the entering through the driver 15 to the transistor 10 control signals to ensure an operation of the transistor 10, the temperatures for their part in all Tem leads to comply with desired current maximum values. These current values are so dimensioned that when the pinion 4 is accelerated, the compression spring 6 is not compressed, so that impact processes in the event of frontal contact between the gears 4 and 7 are avoided.
Sobald der Kontakt 2 geschlossen ist, wird das Potential der Klemme 30 über die Haltesignalleitung 16 an den Sollwertgeber 14 geleitet, der dann auf einen vorgegebenen Haltestrom für den Magnetschalter 3 als Sollwert umschaltet.As soon as the contact 2 is closed, the potential of the terminal 30 is passed via the hold signal line 16 to the setpoint generator 14 , which then switches over to a predetermined holding current for the magnetic switch 3 as the setpoint.
Der Startvorgang wird eingeleitet durch Betätigen des Kontaktes 17, der beispielsweise in das Zündanlaßschloß eines Kraftfahr zeugs integriert sein kann. Sodann erfolgt ein Anstieg des Stromes in dem Kreis 9 mit einem derart begrenzten Gradienten, daß schließlich eine Axialbewegung des Ritzels 4 in Richtung auf das Zahnrad 7 mit einer Beschleunigung einsetzt, die noch nicht zur Kompression der Feder 6 führt. Dies wird durch entsprechende Pulsweitenmodulation in dem Schaltungsbaustein 11 und damit durch eine Stromregelung erreicht. Diese Impulsweitenmodulation ist in den oberen Diagrammen der Fig. 2, 3 und 4 für unter schiedliche Temperaturen, und zwar -30°C, +20°C und +100°C, dargestellt. Im übrigen zeigen diese Figuren den Verlauf des Stromes i in dem in Fig. 1 mit 9 bezeichneten Stromkreis. Man erkennt deutlich den relativ flachen Anstiegsgradienten des Stromes i zwischen dem in allen Figuren mit A bezeichneten Ein schaltpunkt (Betätigung des Startschalters 17) und einem ersten Maximalwert B, bei dem - abgesehen von einer durch eine Strom senke gekennzeichneten Spielbeseitigung - die Axialbewegung des Ritzels 4 beginnt. Im Zeitpunkt C ist der Einspurvorgang be endet, d. h. dem Kontakt 2 (siehe Fig. 1) geschlossen, und die Drehbewegung des Startermotor 1 beginnt.The starting process is initiated by actuating the contact 17 , which can be integrated into the ignition starter lock of a motor vehicle, for example. Then there is an increase in the current in the circle 9 with such a limited gradient that finally an axial movement of the pinion 4 in the direction of the gear 7 begins with an acceleration which does not yet result in the compression of the spring 6 . This is achieved by corresponding pulse width modulation in the circuit module 11 and thus by current regulation. This pulse width modulation is shown in the upper diagrams of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 for under different temperatures, namely -30 ° C, + 20 ° C and + 100 ° C. Otherwise, these figures show the course of the current i in the circuit designated 9 in FIG. 1. One can clearly see the relatively flat rise gradient of the current i between the switch point designated A in all the figures (actuation of the start switch 17 ) and a first maximum value B, at which - apart from a clearance elimination characterized by a current sink - the axial movement of the pinion 4 begins. At time C, the engagement process ends, that is, the contact 2 (see FIG. 1) is closed, and the rotary movement of the starter motor 1 begins.
Schlagwortartig kann man sagen, daß mittels eines temperaturun abhängigen, relativ flachen Stromgradienten unter Vermeidung kritischer temperaturabhängiger Schaltglieder, wie NTC-Wider stände, kritische Pralleffekte beim Einspurvorgang vermieden sind.In short, one can say that by means of a temperature dependent, relatively flat current gradients while avoiding critical temperature-dependent switching elements, such as NTC-Wider , critical impact effects avoided during the single-track process are.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4344355A DE4344355A1 (en) | 1993-01-16 | 1993-12-24 | Starting IC engine in car |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4301021 | 1993-01-16 | ||
DE4344355A DE4344355A1 (en) | 1993-01-16 | 1993-12-24 | Starting IC engine in car |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4344355A1 true DE4344355A1 (en) | 1994-07-21 |
Family
ID=6478313
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4344355A Ceased DE4344355A1 (en) | 1993-01-16 | 1993-12-24 | Starting IC engine in car |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE4344355A1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2771780A1 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-06-04 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE POWER OF THE WINDING OF A MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER CONTACTOR |
FR2771781A1 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-06-04 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A STARTER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
US6134875A (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 2000-10-24 | Lamar Technologies Corporation | Turbine aircraft engine starting system controller |
FR2795884A1 (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-05 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Contactor with variable closing effort, for automobile starter, has maximum effort, applied initially, reduced after plunger movement begins, regulating coil current by PWM technique |
FR2795883A1 (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-05 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | METHOD FOR THE PROGRESSIVE DRIVING OF A MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER CONTACTOR |
US6634332B2 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2003-10-21 | Denso Corporation | Engine start-stop control system |
DE102005002359A1 (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2006-07-27 | Puls Gmbh | Current limiting circuit and method of operating the circuit |
DE102005021227A1 (en) * | 2005-05-09 | 2006-11-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device for internal combustion engines in motor vehicles |
DE102005037470A1 (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2007-02-15 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Method for controlling at least one relay in a motor vehicle |
US7852051B2 (en) | 2005-01-18 | 2010-12-14 | Puls Gmbh | Current-limiting circuit and method for operating the circuit |
-
1993
- 1993-12-24 DE DE4344355A patent/DE4344355A1/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6134875A (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 2000-10-24 | Lamar Technologies Corporation | Turbine aircraft engine starting system controller |
US6178736B1 (en) | 1997-09-19 | 2001-01-30 | Lamar Technologies Corporation | Turbine aircraft engine starting method |
US6176212B1 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 2001-01-23 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Method and device for controlling energization of the coil of a motor vehicle starter contactor |
FR2771780A1 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-06-04 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE POWER OF THE WINDING OF A MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER CONTACTOR |
EP0921306A3 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-06-16 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Control device for an automotive vehicle starter |
EP0921305A3 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-06-16 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Method and device for the alimentation control of a bobbin for a contactor of an automotive vehicle starter |
EP0921306A2 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-06-09 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Control device for an automotive vehicle starter |
EP0921305A2 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-06-09 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Method and device for the alimentation control of a bobbin for a contactor of an automotive vehicle starter |
FR2771781A1 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-06-04 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A STARTER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
FR2795884A1 (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-05 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Contactor with variable closing effort, for automobile starter, has maximum effort, applied initially, reduced after plunger movement begins, regulating coil current by PWM technique |
WO2001002722A1 (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-11 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Method for gradually driving a motor vehicle starter switch |
FR2795883A1 (en) * | 1999-06-30 | 2001-01-05 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | METHOD FOR THE PROGRESSIVE DRIVING OF A MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER CONTACTOR |
US6516767B1 (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2003-02-11 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Method for gradually driving a motor vehicle starter switch |
US6634332B2 (en) | 2000-08-10 | 2003-10-21 | Denso Corporation | Engine start-stop control system |
DE10137090B4 (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2005-06-16 | Denso Corp., Kariya | Engine start-stop control system |
DE102005002359A1 (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2006-07-27 | Puls Gmbh | Current limiting circuit and method of operating the circuit |
DE102005002359B4 (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2009-12-31 | Puls Gmbh | Current limiting circuit and method of operating the circuit |
US7852051B2 (en) | 2005-01-18 | 2010-12-14 | Puls Gmbh | Current-limiting circuit and method for operating the circuit |
DE102005002359C5 (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2015-10-29 | Puls Gmbh | Current limiting circuit and method of operating the circuit |
DE102005021227A1 (en) * | 2005-05-09 | 2006-11-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device for internal combustion engines in motor vehicles |
DE102005037470A1 (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2007-02-15 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Method for controlling at least one relay in a motor vehicle |
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Legal Events
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8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
8120 | Willingness to grant licences paragraph 23 | ||
8131 | Rejection |