DE4242539A1 - Nonwoven fabric - utilises process of heat-treatment of natural pectin content followed by mechanical compression - Google Patents

Nonwoven fabric - utilises process of heat-treatment of natural pectin content followed by mechanical compression

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Publication number
DE4242539A1
DE4242539A1 DE4242539A DE4242539A DE4242539A1 DE 4242539 A1 DE4242539 A1 DE 4242539A1 DE 4242539 A DE4242539 A DE 4242539A DE 4242539 A DE4242539 A DE 4242539A DE 4242539 A1 DE4242539 A1 DE 4242539A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
pectin
natural
heat
utilises
treatment
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Granted
Application number
DE4242539A
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German (de)
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DE4242539C2 (en
Inventor
Thomas Reussmann
Rolf Musterer
Gerald Ortlepp
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Thueringisches Institut fuer Textil und Kunststoff Forschung eV
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Thueringisches Institut fuer Textil und Kunststoff Forschung eV
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Priority to DE4242539A priority Critical patent/DE4242539C2/en
Publication of DE4242539A1 publication Critical patent/DE4242539A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE4242539C2 publication Critical patent/DE4242539C2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

Process is for consolidation of textile material, partic. a nonwoven web of natural fibes. By means of heat treatment, the pectin content of the material is softened at between 150 deg.C. and 200 - 230 deg.C. before compression by mechanical means. The temp. for the process is pref. selected to meet the pectin requirement without causing stains or damage to the fibre. This can be selected according to the nature of the fibre. Flax and hemp already contain pectin in the plant, and some remains even after processing. The problems which arise with these fibres in other nonwoven processes may be overcome by the use of the residual pectin. ADVANTAGE - The pectin is found naturally in the stem of may natural fibres. It is bioloigically decomposed, and therefore environmentally friendly. It forms a sound adhesive for the purpose

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verfestigen und Versteifen von textilen Produkten, insbesondere Vliesstoffen aus pektinhaltigen Faser­ stoffen mittels mechanischen Drucks und Hitze.The invention relates to a method for solidifying and stiffening textile products, in particular nonwovens made of pectin-containing fiber fabrics using mechanical pressure and heat.

Bei der Vliesstoffverfestigung sind allgemein mechanische chemische und thermische Verfahren bekannt. Bei der mechanischen Verfestigung unter­ scheidet man Vernadelung mit Hilfe von Filznadeln, Faserverschlingungen durch Wasserstrahlen (spunlaced) oder Nähwirkverfahren ohne Faden. Der Verfestigungsgrad ist bei diesen Verfahren relativ gering; zur Erzielung höherer Festigkeiten erfolgt die Einarbeitung von Verstärkungsgeweben oder eine zusätzliche chemische Verfestigung. Naturfasern wie Jute, Flachs und Hanf lassen sich nur eingeschränkt bis zu einem gewissen Grad vernadeln; das Nadelverfahren ist hier nur bedingt zur Verfestigung geeignet. Der größte Teil der Vliesstoffe wird chemisch verfestigt. Mittels Vollbad- Imprägnierung, Sprühverfestigung, Pflatschen oder Schaumverfestigen wird dabei ein Mittel zugegeben, das nach der Behandlung die einzelnen Fasern stofflich verbindet. Der Nachteil dieser Verfahren ist, daß ein zusätzlicher Stoff, nämlich das Bindemittel erforderlich ist.Mechanical and chemical bonding are generally used in nonwoven bonding thermal process known. During mechanical consolidation under one cuts needling with the help of felting needles, fiber entanglements by water jets (spunlaced) or sewing process without thread. The The degree of solidification is relatively low in these processes; to achieve Reinforcement fabrics or higher strengths are incorporated an additional chemical consolidation. Natural fibers such as jute, flax and Hemp can only be needled to a certain extent to a limited extent; the needle method is only conditionally suitable for solidification. Most of the nonwovens are chemically consolidated. Using a full bath Impregnation, spray hardening, splashing or foam hardening an agent is added to the individual fibers after treatment materially connects. The disadvantage of this method is that a additional substance, namely the binder is required.

Bei der Thermischen Verfestigung werden thermoplastische Faserstoffe unter der Einwirkung von Hitze erweicht und miteinander in Kontakt stehende Fasern verklebt. Der Nachteil dieses Verfahrens ist, daß hierfür nur thermoplastische Faserstoffe geeignet sind und durch die Deformierung und Verklebung der Fasern ihr Fasercharakter zerstört wird. Als pektinhaltige Faserstoffe gelten Naturfaserstoffe wie Flachs oder Hanf. Die Fasern werden dabei von Pektinen (Pflanzenleim) umhüllt, der bei Zimmertemperatur ein Stoff von fester Konsistenz ist. Dieser Stoff besitzt die Eigenschaft, oberhalb einer Temperatur von 150°C zu erweichen. Diese Eigenschaft kann ausgenutzt werden, um Textilien, insbesondere Vliesstoffe aus derartigen Faserstoffen zu verfestigen. Inbesondere bei ungerösteten Stengelfasern ist der Pektinanteil in einer Höhe, daß er sich als Verfestigungs- und Versteifungsmittel für textile Produkte sehr gut ausnutzen lädt. So wird der Pektin- und Hemicelluloseanteil eines ungerösteten Flachses in "Textilveredlung" 6/1987 S. 220-223 mit 20 % angegeben. Aber auch geröstete Stengelfasern besitzen noch Pektinanteile von 7 bis 8 % bei Flachs ("Naturfasern/Chemiefasern", Fachbuchverlag Leipzig 1955; "Melliand" Textilberichte 11/1990 S. 825 bis 830) und etwa 10 % bei Hanf ("Naturfasern/Chemiefasern", Fachbuchverlag Leipzig 1955), die für Verfestigungs- bzw. Versteifungszwecke nutzbar sind. In thermal consolidation, thermoplastic fiber materials are under softened by exposure to heat and in contact with each other Fibers glued. The disadvantage of this method is that only thermoplastic fibers are suitable and due to the deformation and Gluing the fibers their fiber character is destroyed. As containing pectin Fibers apply to natural fibers such as flax or hemp. The fibers are covered by pectins (plant glue) at room temperature is a substance of firm consistency. This substance has the property soften above a temperature of 150 ° C. This property can can be used to make textiles, especially nonwovens from such Consolidate fibrous materials. Especially with unroasted stem fibers is the amount of pectin at a level that it can be used as a solidification and Use stiffeners for textile products very well. So will the pectin and hemicellulose content of an unroasted flax in "Textile finishing" 6/1987 pp. 220-223 stated with 20%. But also Roasted stem fibers still contain 7 to 8% of pectin Flax ("natural fibers / chemical fibers", specialist book publisher Leipzig 1955; "Melliand" Textile reports 11/1990 p. 825 to 830) and about 10% for hemp ("Natural fibers / chemical fibers", Fachbuchverlag Leipzig 1955), which for Solidification or stiffening purposes can be used.  

Bei einer Temperatur von mindestens 150°C, vorzugsweise 200°C bis 230°C erweicht diese Pektinschicht und mittels eines Preßwerks und nachfolgender Abkühlung kann die Textilie verfestigt werden. Die Obergrenze der nutz­ baren Temperatur ist bei dem Verfahren je nach dem thermischen Schädi­ gungsgrad bzw. der thermischen Zersetzung des Naturfaserstoffs gegeben. Nach dem Abkühlen sind die vorher unverbundenen Stengelfasern unterein­ ander wie mit einem Bindemittel verbunden. Das vormals die Fasern um­ schlossene Pektin hat sich nach Intensität der eingewirkten Hitze braun verfärbt und verbindet die einzelnen Fasern an deren Berührungspunkten. Bei der Wahl der Verfestigungstemperatur ist zu beachten, ein Optimum zwischen ausreichendem Erweichen der Pektinschicht und einer minimalen thermischen Schädigung der Fasersubstanz zu finden. Dieser optimale Bereich der Temperatur ist von den weiteren Prozeßparametern wie Preß­ druck, Zeitdauer, Charakter der Textilie, Anforderung an das Endprodukt abhängig.At a temperature of at least 150 ° C, preferably 200 ° C to 230 ° C softens this pectin layer and by means of a press and subsequent Cooling can solidify the textile. The upper limit of usable The temperature in the process depends on the thermal damage degree or thermal decomposition of the natural fiber material. After cooling, the previously unconnected stem fibers are together other than connected with a binder. That used to be the fibers closed pectin has turned brown according to the intensity of the heat discolors and connects the individual fibers at their points of contact. When choosing the hardening temperature, an optimum must be observed between sufficient softening of the pectin layer and minimal to find thermal damage to the fiber substance. This optimal The temperature range is from the other process parameters such as press pressure, duration, character of the textile, requirements for the end product dependent.

Das Verfahren kann bei textilen Produkten mit pektinhaltigen Faseranteilen dazu genutzt werden, umThe process can be used for textile products with pectin-containing fiber components to be used to

  • - Textilien zu verfestigen,- solidify textiles,
  • - Textilien zu verdichten,- compress textiles,
  • - Textilien oberflächlich zu glätten (beispielsweise um die Haarigkeit zu reduzieren),- Smooth textiles superficially (for example to reduce hairiness)
  • - Textilien zu versteifen,- stiffen textiles,
  • - Textilien in einer permanenten Form zu fixieren,- to fix textiles in a permanent shape,
  • - als Bindefasern in Textilmischungen zu fungieren,- act as binding fibers in textile blends,
  • - eine derartige Textilie mit anderen Textilien zu verbinden (beispielsweise zur Ausbildung von Sandwichstrukturen).- to combine such a textile with other textiles (for example for the formation of sandwich structures).

Der Vorteil des Verfahrens liegt darin, daß zum Verfestigen, Versteifen und Glätten von textilen Produkten mit Anteilen pektinhaltiger Naturfasern keine zusätzlichen Bindemittel erforderlich sind, es wird das natürlich vorhandene Pektin genutzt. Das Verfahren ist einfach und ohne Belastungen der Umwelt. Die verfestigten Textilien, vorzugsweise Vliesstoffe, bestehen nur aus ihren ursprünglichen Bestandteilen und sind problemlos biologisch abbaubar. The advantage of the method is that it is for solidification, stiffening and smoothing of textile products with parts of natural fibers containing pectin no additional binders are required, it will be natural existing pectin used. The process is simple and without stress the environment. The solidified textiles, preferably nonwovens, exist only from their original components and are easily organic degradable.  

Ausführungsbeispiel 1Embodiment 1

Ein tiefziehfähiges Vlies aus ungeröstetem Flachs wird mittels Tief­ ziehvorrichtung geformt und anschließend in einer Form bei einer Temperatur von 200°C und einem Druck von 80 kp/cm2verfestigt und versteift. Der so hergestellte Formkörper aus ungeröstetem Flachs wird danach zur Verstärkung von Epoxidharz nach der RTM-Technologie eingesetzt. A deep-drawn nonwoven flax fleece is shaped by means of a deep-drawing device and then solidified and stiffened in a mold at a temperature of 200 ° C. and a pressure of 80 kp / cm 2 . The molded body made from unroasted flax is then used to reinforce epoxy resin using RTM technology.

Ausführungsbeispiel 2Embodiment 2

Ein vernadeltes Vlies aus geröstetem Flachs wird mittels Tunnelofen auf 220°C aufgeheizt und mit beheizten Prägewalzen bei einem Druck von 100 kp/cm2behandelt. Das Flachsvlies erhält dadurch eine permanente wabenartige dreidimensionale Form, ist gegenüber dem Ausgangsvlies verdichtet, verfestigt und besitzt eine geglättete Oberfläche.A needled fleece made of roasted flax is heated to 220 ° C. in a tunnel oven and treated with heated embossing rollers at a pressure of 100 kp / cm 2 . The flax fleece thus has a permanent honeycomb-like three-dimensional shape, is compressed, solidified compared to the starting fleece and has a smoothed surface.

Ein derartiges Vlies läßt sich gut handhaben und in Formen zur Herstellung von Verbundwerkstoffen einlegen. Die ausgebildete dreidimensionale, versteifte Struktur wirkt gegen Delaminierungserscheinungen in Verbundwerkstoffen.Such a fleece is easy to handle and in molds for production of composite materials. The trained three-dimensional, stiffened structure works against signs of delamination Composite materials.

Claims (3)

1. Verfahren zur Verfestigung von textilen Produkten, insbesondere Vliesstoffen, hergestellt aus Naturfaserstoffen, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß der Pektinanteil durch Wärmebehandlung von mindestens 150°C, vorzugsweise bei 200°C bis 230°C erweicht wird und ein äußerer mechanischer Druck das Flächengebilde komprimiert.1. Process for the consolidation of textile products, in particular nonwovens, made from natural fibers, characterized in that the pectin content is softened by heat treatment of at least 150 ° C, preferably at 200 ° C to 230 ° C and an external mechanical pressure compresses the fabric . 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Erhitzen und Pressen zeitgleich erfolgen.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Heating and pressing take place simultaneously. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Erhitzen und Pressen zeitlich verschoben erfolgen.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Heating and pressing take place at different times.
DE4242539A 1992-12-16 1992-12-16 Process for solidifying textile products made from natural fibers Expired - Fee Related DE4242539C2 (en)

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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4341725A1 (en) * 1993-12-03 1995-06-08 Windi Winderlich Gmbh Non-woven belt from sclerenchyma fibre, esp. flax
EP0888776A1 (en) * 1996-03-15 1999-01-07 Takara Shuzo Co. Ltd. A product of heat treatment of uronic acid, food, drink or drug including the product
DE19756046A1 (en) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-24 Inst Agrartechnik Bornim E V Processing harvested hemp
EP1588815A1 (en) * 2004-04-21 2005-10-26 Université de Picardie Jules Verne Method for producing plant felt from tow
US20160130762A1 (en) * 2014-11-12 2016-05-12 First Quality Tissue, Llc Cannabis fiber, absorbent cellulosic structures containing cannabis fiber and methods of making the same
US9995005B2 (en) 2012-08-03 2018-06-12 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft through air dried tissue
US10099425B2 (en) 2014-12-05 2018-10-16 Structured I, Llc Manufacturing process for papermaking belts using 3D printing technology
US10208426B2 (en) 2016-02-11 2019-02-19 Structured I, Llc Belt or fabric including polymeric layer for papermaking machine
US10273635B2 (en) 2014-11-24 2019-04-30 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft tissue produced using a structured fabric and energy efficient pressing
US10301779B2 (en) 2016-04-27 2019-05-28 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft, low lint, through air dried tissue and method of forming the same
US10422082B2 (en) 2016-08-26 2019-09-24 Structured I, Llc Method of producing absorbent structures with high wet strength, absorbency, and softness
US10422078B2 (en) 2016-09-12 2019-09-24 Structured I, Llc Former of water laid asset that utilizes a structured fabric as the outer wire
US10538882B2 (en) 2015-10-13 2020-01-21 Structured I, Llc Disposable towel produced with large volume surface depressions
US10544547B2 (en) 2015-10-13 2020-01-28 First Quality Tissue, Llc Disposable towel produced with large volume surface depressions
US10619309B2 (en) 2017-08-23 2020-04-14 Structured I, Llc Tissue product made using laser engraved structuring belt
US11220394B2 (en) 2015-10-14 2022-01-11 First Quality Tissue, Llc Bundled product and system
US11391000B2 (en) 2014-05-16 2022-07-19 First Quality Tissue, Llc Flushable wipe and method of forming the same
US11505898B2 (en) 2018-06-20 2022-11-22 First Quality Tissue Se, Llc Laminated paper machine clothing
US11583489B2 (en) 2016-11-18 2023-02-21 First Quality Tissue, Llc Flushable wipe and method of forming the same
US11697538B2 (en) 2018-06-21 2023-07-11 First Quality Tissue, Llc Bundled product and system and method for forming the same
US11738927B2 (en) 2018-06-21 2023-08-29 First Quality Tissue, Llc Bundled product and system and method for forming the same
US12123148B2 (en) 2022-06-14 2024-10-22 First Quality Tissue, Llc Flushable wipe and method of forming the same

Cited By (47)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4341725A1 (en) * 1993-12-03 1995-06-08 Windi Winderlich Gmbh Non-woven belt from sclerenchyma fibre, esp. flax
EP0888776A1 (en) * 1996-03-15 1999-01-07 Takara Shuzo Co. Ltd. A product of heat treatment of uronic acid, food, drink or drug including the product
EP0888776A4 (en) * 1996-03-15 2005-01-26 Takara Bio Inc A product of heat treatment of uronic acid, food, drink or drug including the product
DE19756046A1 (en) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-24 Inst Agrartechnik Bornim E V Processing harvested hemp
DE19756046B4 (en) * 1997-12-17 2008-01-03 Institut für Agrartechnik Bornim e.V. Process for harvesting, preserving, processing and processing hemp
EP1588815A1 (en) * 2004-04-21 2005-10-26 Université de Picardie Jules Verne Method for producing plant felt from tow
US10190263B2 (en) 2012-08-03 2019-01-29 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft through air dried tissue
US10570570B2 (en) 2012-08-03 2020-02-25 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft through air dried tissue
US9995005B2 (en) 2012-08-03 2018-06-12 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft through air dried tissue
US11391000B2 (en) 2014-05-16 2022-07-19 First Quality Tissue, Llc Flushable wipe and method of forming the same
US20160130762A1 (en) * 2014-11-12 2016-05-12 First Quality Tissue, Llc Cannabis fiber, absorbent cellulosic structures containing cannabis fiber and methods of making the same
US9988763B2 (en) * 2014-11-12 2018-06-05 First Quality Tissue, Llc Cannabis fiber, absorbent cellulosic structures containing cannabis fiber and methods of making the same
US10273635B2 (en) 2014-11-24 2019-04-30 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft tissue produced using a structured fabric and energy efficient pressing
US11959226B2 (en) 2014-11-24 2024-04-16 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft tissue produced using a structured fabric and energy efficient pressing
US11807992B2 (en) 2014-11-24 2023-11-07 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft tissue produced using a structured fabric and energy efficient pressing
US10900176B2 (en) 2014-11-24 2021-01-26 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft tissue produced using a structured fabric and energy efficient pressing
US10099425B2 (en) 2014-12-05 2018-10-16 Structured I, Llc Manufacturing process for papermaking belts using 3D printing technology
US10544547B2 (en) 2015-10-13 2020-01-28 First Quality Tissue, Llc Disposable towel produced with large volume surface depressions
US10538882B2 (en) 2015-10-13 2020-01-21 Structured I, Llc Disposable towel produced with large volume surface depressions
US10954635B2 (en) 2015-10-13 2021-03-23 First Quality Tissue, Llc Disposable towel produced with large volume surface depressions
US11242656B2 (en) 2015-10-13 2022-02-08 First Quality Tissue, Llc Disposable towel produced with large volume surface depressions
US10954636B2 (en) 2015-10-13 2021-03-23 First Quality Tissue, Llc Disposable towel produced with large volume surface depressions
US11220394B2 (en) 2015-10-14 2022-01-11 First Quality Tissue, Llc Bundled product and system
US11577906B2 (en) 2015-10-14 2023-02-14 First Quality Tissue, Llc Bundled product and system
US10208426B2 (en) 2016-02-11 2019-02-19 Structured I, Llc Belt or fabric including polymeric layer for papermaking machine
US11634865B2 (en) 2016-02-11 2023-04-25 Structured I, Llc Belt or fabric including polymeric layer for papermaking machine
US11028534B2 (en) 2016-02-11 2021-06-08 Structured I, Llc Belt or fabric including polymeric layer for papermaking machine
US10787767B2 (en) 2016-02-11 2020-09-29 Structured I, Llc Belt or fabric including polymeric layer for papermaking machine
US10858786B2 (en) 2016-04-27 2020-12-08 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft, low lint, through air dried tissue and method of forming the same
US10301779B2 (en) 2016-04-27 2019-05-28 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft, low lint, through air dried tissue and method of forming the same
US10844548B2 (en) 2016-04-27 2020-11-24 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft, low lint, through air dried tissue and method of forming the same
US11674266B2 (en) 2016-04-27 2023-06-13 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft, low lint, through air dried tissue and method of forming the same
US10941525B2 (en) 2016-04-27 2021-03-09 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft, low lint, through air dried tissue and method of forming the same
US11668052B2 (en) 2016-04-27 2023-06-06 First Quality Tissue, Llc Soft, low lint, through air dried tissue and method of forming the same
US10982392B2 (en) 2016-08-26 2021-04-20 Structured I, Llc Absorbent structures with high wet strength, absorbency, and softness
US10422082B2 (en) 2016-08-26 2019-09-24 Structured I, Llc Method of producing absorbent structures with high wet strength, absorbency, and softness
US11725345B2 (en) 2016-08-26 2023-08-15 Structured I, Llc Method of producing absorbent structures with high wet strength, absorbency, and softness
US10422078B2 (en) 2016-09-12 2019-09-24 Structured I, Llc Former of water laid asset that utilizes a structured fabric as the outer wire
US11913170B2 (en) 2016-09-12 2024-02-27 Structured I, Llc Former of water laid asset that utilizes a structured fabric as the outer wire
US11098448B2 (en) 2016-09-12 2021-08-24 Structured I, Llc Former of water laid asset that utilizes a structured fabric as the outer wire
US11583489B2 (en) 2016-11-18 2023-02-21 First Quality Tissue, Llc Flushable wipe and method of forming the same
US10619309B2 (en) 2017-08-23 2020-04-14 Structured I, Llc Tissue product made using laser engraved structuring belt
US11286622B2 (en) 2017-08-23 2022-03-29 Structured I, Llc Tissue product made using laser engraved structuring belt
US11505898B2 (en) 2018-06-20 2022-11-22 First Quality Tissue Se, Llc Laminated paper machine clothing
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