DE4242539C2 - Process for solidifying textile products made from natural fibers - Google Patents
Process for solidifying textile products made from natural fibersInfo
- Publication number
- DE4242539C2 DE4242539C2 DE4242539A DE4242539A DE4242539C2 DE 4242539 C2 DE4242539 C2 DE 4242539C2 DE 4242539 A DE4242539 A DE 4242539A DE 4242539 A DE4242539 A DE 4242539A DE 4242539 C2 DE4242539 C2 DE 4242539C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- natural fibers
- textile products
- pectin
- products made
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verfestigen und Versteifen von textilen Produkten, insbesondere Vliesstoffen aus pektinhaltigen Faser stoffen mittels mechanischen Drucks und Hitze.The invention relates to a method for solidifying and stiffening textile products, in particular nonwovens made of pectin-containing fiber fabrics using mechanical pressure and heat.
Bei der Vliesstoffverfestigung sind allgemein mechanische, chemische und thermische Verfahren bekannt. Bei der mechanischen Verfestigung unter scheidet man Vernadelung mit Hilfe von Filznadeln, Faserverschlingungen durch Wasserstrahlen (spunlaced) oder Nähwirkverfahren ohne Faden. Der Verfestigungsgrad ist bei diesen Verfahren relativ gering; zur Erzielung höherer Festigkeiten erfolgt die Einarbeitung von Verstärkungsgeweben oder eine zusätzliche chemische Verfestigung. Naturfasern wie Jute, Flachs und Hanf lassen sich nur eingeschränkt bis zu einem gewissen Grad vernadeln; das Nadelverfahren ist hier nur bedingt zur Verfestigung geeignet.Mechanical, chemical and thermal process known. During mechanical consolidation under one cuts needling with the help of felting needles, fiber entanglements by water jets (spunlaced) or sewing process without thread. The The degree of solidification is relatively low in these processes; to achieve Reinforcement fabrics or higher strengths are incorporated an additional chemical consolidation. Natural fibers such as jute, flax and Hemp can only be needled to a certain extent to a limited extent; the needle method is only suitable for consolidation to a limited extent.
Der größte Teil der Vliesstoffe wird chemisch verfestigt. Mittels Vollbad- Imprägnierung, Sprühverfestigung, Pflatschen oder Schaumverfestigen wird dabei ein Mittel zugegeben, das nach der Behandlung die einzelnen Fasern stofflich verbindet. Der Nachteil dieser Verfahren ist, daß ein zusätzlicher Stoff, nämlich das Bindemittel erforderlich ist.Most of the nonwovens are chemically consolidated. Using a full bath Impregnation, spray hardening, splashing or foam hardening an agent is added to the individual fibers after treatment materially connects. The disadvantage of this method is that a additional substance, namely the binder is required.
Bei der thermischen Verfestigung werden thermoplastische Faserstoffe unter der Einwirkung von Hitze erweicht und miteinander in Kontakt stehende Fasern verklebt. Der Nachteil dieses Verfahrers ist, daß hierfür nur thermoplastische Faserstoffe geeignet sind und durch die Deformierung und Verklebung der Fasern ihr Fasercharakter zerstört wird. Als pektinhaltige Faserstoffe gelten Naturfaserstoffe wie Flachs oder Hanf. Die Fasern werden dabei von Pektinen (Pflanzenleim) umhüllt, der bei Zimmertemperatur ein Stoff von fester Konsistenz ist. Dieser Stoff besitzt die Eigenschaft, oberhalb einer Temperatur von 150°C zu erweichen. Diese Eigenschaft kann ausgenutzt werden, um Textilien, insbesondere Vliesstoffe aus derartigen Faserstoffen zu verfestigen. Inbesondere bei ungerösteten Stengelfasern ist der Pektinanteil in einer Höhe, daß er sich als Verfestigungs- und Versteifungsmittel für textile Produkte sehr gut ausnutzen läßt. So wird der Pektin- und Hemicelluloseanteil eines ungerösteten Flachses in "Textilveredlung" 6/1987 S. 220-223 mit 20% angegeben. Aber auch geröstete Stengelfasern besitzen noch Pektinanteile von 7 bis 8% bei Flachs ("Naturfasern/Chemiefasern". Fachbuchverlag Leipzig 1955; "Melliand Textilberichte 11/1990 S. 825 bis 830) und etwa 10% bei Hanf ("Naturfasern/Chemiefasern". Fachbuchverlag Leipzig 1955), die für Verfestigungs- bzw. Versteifungszwecke nutzbar sind. In the thermal consolidation, thermoplastic fiber materials are under softened by exposure to heat and in contact with each other Fibers glued. The disadvantage of this method is that only thermoplastic fibers are suitable and due to the deformation and Bonding the fibers will destroy their fiber character. As containing pectin Fibers apply to natural fibers such as flax or hemp. The fibers are enveloped by pectins (plant glue) at room temperature is a substance of firm consistency. This substance has the property soften above a temperature of 150 ° C. This property can are used to make textiles, especially nonwovens made from such Consolidate fibrous materials. Especially with unroasted stem fibers is the amount of pectin at a level that it can be used as a solidification and Stiffening agent for textile products can be used very well. So will the pectin and hemicellulose content of an unroasted flax in "Textile finishing" 6/1987 pp. 220-223 with 20% stated. But also Roasted stem fibers still contain 7 to 8% of pectin Flax ("natural fibers / chemical fibers". Fachbuchverlag Leipzig 1955; "Melliand Textile reports 11/1990 p. 825 to 830) and about 10% for hemp ("Natural fibers / chemical fibers". Fachbuchverlag Leipzig 1955), which for Solidification or stiffening purposes can be used.
Bei einer Temperatur von mindestens 150°C, vorzugsweise 200°C bis 230°C erweicht diese Pektinschicht und mittels eines Preßwerks und nachfolgender Abkühlung kann die Textilie verfestigt werden. Die Obergrenze der nutz baren Temperatur ist bei dem Verfahren je nach dem thermischen Schädi gungsgrad bzw. der thermischen Zersetzung des Naturfaserstoffs gegeben. Nach dem Abkühlen sind die vorher unverbundenen Stengelfasern unterein ander wie mit einem Bindemittel verbunden. Das vormals die Fasern um schlossene Pektin hat sich nach Intensität der eingewirkten Hitze braun verfärbt und verbindet die einzelnen Fasern an deren Berührungspunkten. Bei der Wahl der Verfestigungstemperatur ist zu beachten, ein Optimum zwischen ausreichendem Erweichen der Pektinschicht und einer minimalen thermischen Schädigung der Fasersubstanz zu finden. Dieser optimale Bereich der Temperatur ist von den weiteren Prozeßparametern wie Preß druck, Zeitdauer, Charakter der Textilie, Anforderung an das Endprodukt abhängig.At a temperature of at least 150 ° C, preferably 200 ° C to 230 ° C softens this pectin layer and by means of a press and subsequent Cooling can solidify the textile. The upper limit of usable The temperature in the process depends on the thermal damage degree or thermal decomposition of the natural fiber material. After cooling, the previously unconnected stem fibers are together other than connected with a binder. That used to be the fibers closed pectin has turned brown according to the intensity of the heat discolors and connects the individual fibers at their points of contact. When choosing the hardening temperature, an optimum must be observed between sufficient softening of the pectin layer and minimal to find thermal damage to the fiber substance. This optimal The temperature range is from the other process parameters such as press pressure, duration, character of the textile, requirements for the end product dependent.
Das Verfahren kann bei textilen Produkten mit pektinhaltigen Faseranteilen
dazu genutzt werden, um
The process can be used for textile products with pectin-containing fiber components
- - Textilien zu verfestigen,- solidify textiles,
- - Textilien zu verdichten,- compress textiles,
- - Textilien oberflächlich zu glätten (beispielsweise um die Haarigkeit zu reduzieren),- Smooth textiles on the surface (for example to reduce hairiness)
- - Textilien zu versteifen,- stiffen textiles,
- - Textilien in einer permanenten Form zu fixieren,- to fix textiles in a permanent shape,
- - als Bindefasern in Textilmischungen zu fungieren,- act as binding fibers in textile blends,
- - eine derartige Textilie mit anderen Textilien zu verbinden (beispielsweise zur Ausbildung von Sandwichstrukturen).- to combine such a textile with other textiles (for example to form sandwich structures).
Der Vorteil des Verfahrens liegt darin, daß zum Verfestigen, Versteifen und Glätten von textilen Produkten mit Anteilen pektinhaltiger Naturfasern keine zusätzlichen Bindemittel erforderlich sind, es wird das natürlich vorhandene Pektin genutzt. Das Verfahren ist einfach und ohne Belastungen der Umwelt. Die verfestigten Textilien, vorzugsweise Vliesstoffe, bestehen nur aus ihren ursprünglichen Bestandteilen und sind problemlos biologisch abbaubar.The advantage of the method is that for solidification, stiffening and smoothing of textile products with portions of natural fibers containing pectin no additional binders are required, it will be natural existing pectin used. The process is simple and without stress the environment. The solidified textiles, preferably nonwovens, exist only from their original components and are organic without any problems degradable.
Ein tiefziehfähiges Vlies aus ungeröstetem Flachs wird mittels Tief ziehvorrichtung geformt und anschließend in einer Form bei einer Temperatur von 200°C und einem Druck von 80 kp/cm2 verfestigt und versteift. Der so hergestellte Formkörper aus ungeröstetem Flachs wird danach zur Verstärkung von Epoxidharz nach der RTM-Technologie eingesetzt. A deep-drawable fleece made of unroasted flax is shaped by means of a deep-drawing device and then solidified and stiffened in a mold at a temperature of 200 ° C. and a pressure of 80 kp / cm 2 . The molded body made from unroasted flax is then used to reinforce epoxy resin using RTM technology.
Ein vernadeltes Vlies aus geröstetem Flachs wird mittels Tunnelofen auf 220°C aufgeheizt und mit beheizten Prägewalzen bei einem Druck von 100 kp/cm2 behandelt. Das Flachsvlies erhält dadurch eine permanente wabenartige dreidimensionale Form, ist gegenüber dem Ausgangsvlies verdichtet, verfestigt und besitzt eine geglättete Oberfläche.A needled fleece made of roasted flax is heated to 220 ° C. in a tunnel oven and treated with heated embossing rollers at a pressure of 100 kp / cm 2 . The flax fleece is given a permanent honeycomb-like three-dimensional shape, is compressed, solidified and has a smooth surface compared to the original fleece.
Ein derartiges Vlies läßt sich gut handhaben und in Formen zur Herstellung von Verbundwerkstoffen einlegen. Die ausgebildete dreidimensionale, versteifte Struktur wirkt gegen Delaminierungserscheinungen in Verbundwerkstoffen.Such a fleece is easy to handle and in molds for production of composite materials. The trained three-dimensional, stiffened structure works against signs of delamination Composite materials.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4242539A DE4242539C2 (en) | 1992-12-16 | 1992-12-16 | Process for solidifying textile products made from natural fibers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4242539A DE4242539C2 (en) | 1992-12-16 | 1992-12-16 | Process for solidifying textile products made from natural fibers |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE4242539A1 DE4242539A1 (en) | 1993-08-05 |
| DE4242539C2 true DE4242539C2 (en) | 2002-06-06 |
Family
ID=6475488
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4242539A Expired - Fee Related DE4242539C2 (en) | 1992-12-16 | 1992-12-16 | Process for solidifying textile products made from natural fibers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE4242539C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4341725C2 (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 1996-01-18 | Windi Winderlich Gmbh | Process for producing a molded part from nonwoven material |
| CN1114410C (en) * | 1996-03-15 | 2003-07-16 | 宝酒造株式会社 | Product of heat treatment of uronic acid, food, drink or drug including the product |
| DE19756046B4 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 2008-01-03 | Institut für Agrartechnik Bornim e.V. | Process for harvesting, preserving, processing and processing hemp |
| FR2869254B1 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2007-01-26 | Univ Picardie Jules Verne Etab | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING VEGETABLE FELT FROM TOWEL |
| US8968517B2 (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2015-03-03 | First Quality Tissue, Llc | Soft through air dried tissue |
| MX2016014887A (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2018-03-01 | First Quality Tissue Llc | Flushable wipe and method of forming the same. |
| MX369078B (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2019-10-28 | First Quality Tissue Llc | Cannabis fiber, absorbent cellulosic structures containing cannabis fiber and methods of making the same. |
| US10273635B2 (en) | 2014-11-24 | 2019-04-30 | First Quality Tissue, Llc | Soft tissue produced using a structured fabric and energy efficient pressing |
| MX2017006840A (en) | 2014-12-05 | 2018-11-09 | Manufacturing process for papermaking belts using 3d printing technology. | |
| US10538882B2 (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2020-01-21 | Structured I, Llc | Disposable towel produced with large volume surface depressions |
| CA3001475C (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2023-09-26 | First Quality Tissue, Llc | Disposable towel produced with large volume surface depressions |
| EP3362366A4 (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2019-06-19 | First Quality Tissue, LLC | Bundled product and system and method for forming the same |
| WO2017139786A1 (en) | 2016-02-11 | 2017-08-17 | Structured I, Llc | Belt or fabric including polymeric layer for papermaking machine |
| US20170314206A1 (en) | 2016-04-27 | 2017-11-02 | First Quality Tissue, Llc | Soft, low lint, through air dried tissue and method of forming the same |
| EP4050155A1 (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2022-08-31 | Structured I, LLC | Absorbent structures with high wet strength, absorbency, and softness |
| US10422078B2 (en) | 2016-09-12 | 2019-09-24 | Structured I, Llc | Former of water laid asset that utilizes a structured fabric as the outer wire |
| US11583489B2 (en) | 2016-11-18 | 2023-02-21 | First Quality Tissue, Llc | Flushable wipe and method of forming the same |
| US10619309B2 (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2020-04-14 | Structured I, Llc | Tissue product made using laser engraved structuring belt |
| DE102018114748A1 (en) | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-24 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Laminated paper machine clothing |
| US11697538B2 (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2023-07-11 | First Quality Tissue, Llc | Bundled product and system and method for forming the same |
| US11738927B2 (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2023-08-29 | First Quality Tissue, Llc | Bundled product and system and method for forming the same |
-
1992
- 1992-12-16 DE DE4242539A patent/DE4242539C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| Melliand Textilbericht 11/1990 S. 825-830 * |
| Naturfasern/Chemifasern, Fachbuchverlag Leipzig 1955, S. 41+49 * |
| Textilveredlung, 6/1987, S. 220-223 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4242539A1 (en) | 1993-08-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OAV | Applicant agreed to the publication of the unexamined application as to paragraph 31 lit. 2 z1 | ||
| 8122 | Nonbinding interest in granting licences declared | ||
| 8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |