DE4229687A1 - Battery exchange station for electrically driven road vehicle - enables discharged batteries to be replaced without waiting by charged batteries and functions automatically - Google Patents

Battery exchange station for electrically driven road vehicle - enables discharged batteries to be replaced without waiting by charged batteries and functions automatically

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Publication number
DE4229687A1
DE4229687A1 DE4229687A DE4229687A DE4229687A1 DE 4229687 A1 DE4229687 A1 DE 4229687A1 DE 4229687 A DE4229687 A DE 4229687A DE 4229687 A DE4229687 A DE 4229687A DE 4229687 A1 DE4229687 A1 DE 4229687A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
battery
batteries
motor vehicle
charged
automatic
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DE4229687A
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German (de)
Inventor
Dieter Kitto
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DIETER KITTO WERKZEUG und MASC
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DIETER KITTO WERKZEUG und MASC
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Priority to DE4229687A priority Critical patent/DE4229687A1/en
Publication of DE4229687A1 publication Critical patent/DE4229687A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0472—Removal or replacement of the energy storages from below
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A parking aid (3) is provided which positions a vehicle (1) against a service column (2) and a handling appts. (5) for removal and vertical transport of a battery (6). The battery is fixed on a floor plate (6) of the chassis. An automatic cross transport device (10) takes away and feeds a battery from and to the vehicle and is arranged in an underground supply channel (4) below the level of the vehicle wheels. An automatic battery charging station is incorporated which has equipment with which the battery can be identified and checked as to its charging amt. and limit value for usability. A high shelf store with processor control stores charged batteries and also those to be charged by solar energy or cheap night current. All the equipment is connected to an electronic data processor which controls the whole process of battery exchange. USE/ADVANTAGE - Automatically removes discharged battery from electrically driven car and replaces it with one fully charged.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Batteriewechselstation für elektrisch angetriebene Kraftfahrzeuge, die mit einem oder mehreren Akkumulatoren und einem Elektromotorantrieb ausgerüstet und für den Straßenverkehr geeignet sind.The invention relates to a battery changing station for electrical powered motor vehicles with one or more accumulators and equipped with an electric motor drive and for road traffic are suitable.

Fahrzeuge mit Elektromotorantrieb sind seit langem in vielfältigen Ausführungen wegen ihrer besonders umweltfreundlichen Betriebsweise bekannt. Bislang konnten sich für den individuellen Personenverkehr geeignete Elektrofahrzeuge wegen ihrer begrenzten Reichweite nicht durchsetzen. Mit einem Elektroauto kann man höchstens eine Fahrstrecke von 100-150 km zurücklegen. Danach mußte die Fahrt zunächst unterbrochen werden, um die Batterien für mindestens 5 Stunden wieder aufzuladen. Die Aufladung einer Fahrzeugbatterie mit einem Transformator, der primärseitig an ein Wechselstromversorgungsnetz angeschlossen wird, erfordert einen relativ langen Zeitraum, um die Sulfatisierung der Akkumulatoren rückgängig zu machen und die Lebensdauer der Batterien nicht zu verkürzen. Ebenso schädlich ist eine Tiefentladung der Batterien, wodurch die Fahrstrecke weiter eingegrenzt wird und eine häufigere Aufladung notwendig ist. Zur Beseitigung dieser Nachteile und zur Erhöhung des Aktionsradius wurde bereits die Nachladung mit Solarzellen am Fahrzeug vorgeschlagen. Mit Solarzellen ist derzeit jedoch keine wesentliche Erhöhung des Aktionsradius möglich. Bekannt sind auch Hybridfahrzeuge, die wie in der EP-Nr. 3888 einen Verbrennungsmotor, eine Ladungseinheit und eine Batterie aufweisen, mit welcher der elektrische Antriebsmotor betrieben wird. In der DE-OS 37 32 869 ist ein Elektroauto beschrieben, das auf einem Anhänger ein Stromaggregat mitführt, welches einerseits die im Kraftfahrzeug vorhandene Batterie auflädt und zum anderen den für den Antrieb des Kraftfahrzeuges erforderlichen Strom direkt liefern kann. Im Stadtbetrieb kann dadurch auf den Gebrauch des Verbrennungsmotors verzichtet werden, während beim Autobahnbetrieb unter Umgehung der Batterie der Strom direkt vom Aggregat an den Elektroantrieb geliefert wird. Bei Bergfahrten können beide Energiequellen gekoppelt werden, um die Antriebsleistung zu erhöhen. Nachteilig ist hierbei der erhebliche Platzbedarf und das zusätzliche Gewicht des Stromaggregates. Vehicles with electric motor drives have long been in diverse Versions because of their particularly environmentally friendly operation known. So far, could be used for individual passenger traffic suitable electric vehicles because of their limited range push through. With an electric car you can only drive one route from 100-150 km. After that the journey had to be interrupted to recharge the batteries for at least 5 hours. The Charging a vehicle battery with a transformer that is primarily connected to an AC supply network, requires a relatively long period of time to sulfate the Undo accumulators and battery life not to shorten. Deep discharge is just as harmful Batteries, which further limits the route and one more frequent charging is necessary. To eliminate these disadvantages and to increase the radius of action recharging with solar cells on the vehicle has already been proposed. However, there is currently no significant increase in solar cells Action radius possible. Hybrid vehicles are also known which, as in EP no. 3888 one Combustion engine, have a charge unit and a battery with which the electric drive motor is operated. In DE-OS 37 32 869 an electric car is described that on a Trailer carries a generator, which on the one hand the Motor vehicle existing battery charges and the other for the Drive of the motor vehicle can supply the required electricity directly. in the City operation can thereby rely on the use of the internal combustion engine to be dispensed with, while bypassing the freeway Battery the electricity supplied directly from the unit to the electric drive becomes. When driving uphill, both energy sources can be coupled to to increase the drive power. The disadvantage here is the considerable Space requirements and the additional weight of the generator.  

Bekannt sind auch Hybridfahrzeuge mit einem Verbrennungskraftmotor und einer aus einem elektrischen Energiespeicher speisbaren Elektromaschine mit einer im Vergleich zum Verbrennungsmotor geringen Leistung, wobei in einem unteren Leistungs- und Geschwindigkeitsbereich die Elektromaschine und in einem oberen Leistungs- und Geschwindigkeitsbereich der Verbrennungskraftmotor als Antriebsmaschine wirksam ist. Die selbsttätige Umschaltung erfolgt bei einem Leistungswert, der in Abhängigkeit der voraussichtlich zurückzulegenden Tagesfahrstrecke des Hybridfahrzeuges veränderbar ist. Hybridfahrzeugen der vorgenannten Art weisen den grundsätzlichen Mangel auf, daß auf preiswerte Energiequellen nicht zurückgegriffen werden kann. Durch den Einsatz von Brennstoffmotoren wird die Abgasbelastung im Straßenverkehr nicht vollständig beseitigt.Hybrid vehicles with an internal combustion engine and are also known an electric machine that can be fed from an electrical energy store with a low power compared to the internal combustion engine, whereby in a lower power and speed range the electric machine and in an upper power and speed range the Internal combustion engine is effective as a prime mover. The automatic switchover takes place at a power value that is in Dependence of the expected daily distance to be covered by the Hybrid vehicle is changeable. Hybrid vehicles of the aforementioned type have the fundamental shortcoming that cheap energy sources cannot be used. Through the use of The exhaust gas pollution in road traffic will not be fuel engines completely eliminated.

Bekannt sind schließlich seit langem elektrisch betriebene Transport- und Handlingfahrzeuge, wie Gabelstapler, die ihre Antriebsenergie ausschließlich aus wiederaufladbaren oder auswechselbaren Batterien beziehen. In der EP 476 405 ist ein automatisches Ladungsüberwachungs- und Batteriewechselsystem für elektrisch angetriebene Transportfahrzeuge mit dem Ziel beschrieben, die Einsatzdauer der Batterien und die Fahraufträge für den innerbetrieblichen Transport zu optimieren. Der störungsfreie Dauerbetrieb des automatischen Transportsystems wird im wesentlichen dadurch gewährleistet, daß der Ladezustand der Batterie und die Batteriedaten mit einem Computer laufend überwacht und die Batterien durch den Computer gesteuert automatisch regelmäßig aufgeladen oder ausgesondert werden. Eine Batteriewechselstation für elektrisch angetriebene Kraftfahrzeuge, die für den Straßenverkehr geeignet sind, ist nicht Gegenstand der EP 476 405. Ebensowenig sind in ihr Anregungen für eine derartige Batteriewechselstation enthalten.Finally, electrically operated transport vehicles have been known for a long time. and handling vehicles, such as forklifts, that drive their energy exclusively from rechargeable or replaceable batteries Respectively. EP 476 405 describes an automatic charge monitoring and battery replacement system for electrically powered transport vehicles described with the aim of the service life of the batteries and the Optimize driving orders for in-house transport. Of the trouble-free continuous operation of the automatic transport system is in essentially ensures that the state of charge of the battery and the battery data continuously monitored with a computer and the batteries automatically charged or controlled automatically by the computer be discarded. A battery change station for electrical powered motor vehicles suitable for road traffic, is not the subject of EP 476 405. Nor are there any suggestions in it for such a battery changing station included.

Die Erfindung bezweckt eine Batteriewechselstation für elektrisch angetriebene, für den Straßenverkehr geeignete Kraftfahrzeuge, in welcher leer gefahrene Batterien durch preiswert geladene ohne Wartezeit ersetzt werden. Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht in einer automatischen Batteriewechselstation in der leere Batterien gewechselt und durch preiswerte Energiequellen aufgeladen werden können. The invention aims at a battery changing station for electrical motor vehicles, suitable for road traffic, in which empty batteries due to inexpensive charged without waiting be replaced. The object of the invention is an automatic Battery exchange station in which empty batteries are replaced and through inexpensive energy sources can be charged.  

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich nach den abhängigen Ansprüchen. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Batteriewechselstation wird das seit langem bestehende Bedürfnis zum schnellen Auftanken von Elektrofahrzeugen erstmals befriedigend gelöst. Batteriewechselstationen können an vorhandenen Tankstellen eingerichtet werden. In der Batteriewechselstation wird ein Batterievorrat angelegt, der für einen Zeitraum von mindestens 5 Stunden eine ausreichende Anzahl von benötigten Batterien gewährleistet. In dieser Zeit können entladene Batterien nachts durch billigen Nachtstrom und tagsüber unter Nutzung der Sonnenenergie aufgeladen werden. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Bevorratung einer hinreichend großen Anzahl von Batterien, durch die eine sinnvolle Nutzung und Speicherung von Solarenergie für den Antrieb von Elektrofahrzeugen ermöglicht wird. Dadurch wird eine deutliche Verminderung des Verbrauchs fossiler Brennstoffe und eine Verringerung der Abgasbelastung im Straßenverkehr möglich.According to the invention the task is characterized by the characteristic features of Claim 1 solved. Advantageous developments of the invention result from the dependent claims. With the battery changing station according to the invention, this has been the case for a long time existing need for quick refueling of electric vehicles solved satisfactorily for the first time. Battery changing stations can be on existing petrol stations. In the Battery change station, a battery supply is created for one Period of at least 5 hours a sufficient number of required batteries guaranteed. During this time, discharged Batteries at night due to cheap night electricity and during the day using solar energy. The is particularly advantageous Stocking a sufficient number of batteries through which sensible use and storage of solar energy for the drive is made possible by electric vehicles. This will make it clear Decrease in fossil fuel consumption and a reduction pollution in road traffic possible.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. In den dazugehörigen Zeichnungen zeigtThe invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment explained. In the accompanying drawings shows

Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung des Aufbaus einer Batteriewechselstation und Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the structure of a battery changing station and

Fig. 2 ein Blockschaltbild der Batteriewechselstation Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the battery changing station

Fig. 1 zeigt ein Kraftfahrzeug 1, das durch den Fahrer neben einer Bediensäule 2 eingeparkt wird. Das Einparken erfolgt mittels einer Einparkhilfsvorrichtung 3, die beispielsweise in der einfachsten Ausführung eine Spurrinne ist, die an einer bestimmten Stelle mit einem quer verlaufenden Einschnitt versehen ist, in dem die Hinterräder des Kraftfahrzeuges 1 arretiert werden. Dadurch wird das Kraftfahrzeug 1 über einer Bodenöffnung positioniert, die den Zugang zu einem Handhabungsgerät 5 in einem unterirdisch angeordneten Versorgungskanal 4 für die Entnahme der Batterie 6 aus dem Kraftfahrzeug 1 freigibt. Die Batterie 6 ist fest auf einer Bodenplatte 7 angeordnet, welche ein Teil des Chassis des Kraftfahrzeuges 1 ist und mit diesem kraftschlüssig durch eine Verriegelung 8 verbunden ist. Nach dem Einparken des Kraftfahrzeuges 1 wird durch den Fahrer eine Checkkarte oder ein Geldbetrag in die Bediensäule 2 eingegeben und durch ein Startsignal von der Bediensäule 2 an eine elektronische Datenverarbeitungsanlage 13 der Batteriewechsel ausgelöst. Die Anwendung einer Checkkarte hat den Vorteil, daß eine mißbräuchliche Benutzung der Batteriewechselstation von vorn herein ausgeschlossen werden kann. Das Startsignal von der Bediensäule 2 bewirkt, daß gegen die Bodenplatte 7 ein Handhabungsgerät 5 zur Entnahme der Batterie 6 aus dem Kraftfahrzeug 1 gefahren wird. Mit einer geeigneten Entriegelungseinrichtung 9 wird die selbsttätige Entriegelung der mit dem Chassis des Kraftfahrzeuges 1 verbundenen Bodenplatte 7 bewirkt. Das Handhabungsgerät 5 selbst kann aus einem geeigneten druckmittelbetätigten Arbeitszylinder oder einem Parallelogrammausleger gebildet werden, um den vertikalen Transport der Batterie 6 zu ermöglichen. Mit dem Handhabungsgerät 5 wird die Batterie 6 unter dem Kraftfahrzeug 1 abgesenkt und auf eine unterirdisch oder zumindest unter Niveau der Kraftfahrzeugräder verlaufende Quertransporteinrichtung 10 abgelegt. Mit der Quertransporteinrichtung 10 wird die entladene Batterie 6 abgeführt und eine bereitstehende geladene Batterie 6 zugeführt. Mit dem Handhabungsgerät 5 wird die Batterie 6 angehoben, bis sie in der obersten Stellung mit dem Chassis verriegelt ist. Gleichzeitig werden die elektrischen Verbindungen 11 zwischen der Batterie 6 und dem Kraftfahrzeug 1 hergestellt. Danach kann der Fahrer die Batteriewechselstation nach einem kurzen Aufenthalt wieder verlassen. Durch Rückstellung eines Tageskilometerzählers oder einer anderen geeigneten Kontrolleinrichtung kann die zurückgelegte Fahrstrecke kontrolliert und rechtzeitig der Zeitpunkt eines neuen Batteriewechsels festgestellt werden. Mit der Kontrolleinrichtung kann eine Einrichtung verbunden werden, die ein Warnsignal abgibt, bevor eine Tiefentladung der Batterie 6 eintritt. Nach Fig. 2 wird die entladene Batterie 6 in eine an sich bekannte automatische Batterieladestation 12 überführt, die ebenso wie die bereits genannten Einrichtungen mit einer elektronischen Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung 13 verbunden ist. In der Batterieladestation 12 erfolgt die Identifizierung der Batterie 6 anhand einer ihr zugeordneten codierten Batteriekennzeichnung mit einer geeigneten Leseeinrichtung. Mit Hilfe der in einem Speicher der Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung 13 abgelegten Daten kann die Einsatzdauer der Batterie 6 bestimmt und in Abhängigkeit davon eine weitere Unbrauchbarkeit festgestellt werden. Fig. 1 shows a motor vehicle 1 is parked by the driver in addition to an operating pillar 2. Parking takes place by means of a parking aid device 3 , which in the simplest version is, for example, a track groove which is provided at a certain point with a transverse incision in which the rear wheels of the motor vehicle 1 are locked. As a result, the motor vehicle 1 is positioned above a floor opening, which enables access to a handling device 5 in an underground supply channel 4 for the removal of the battery 6 from the motor vehicle 1 . The battery 6 is fixed on a base plate 7 , which is part of the chassis of the motor vehicle 1 and is non-positively connected to it by a lock 8 . After parking the motor vehicle 1 , the driver enters a check card or an amount of money into the control column 2 and triggers a start signal from the control column 2 to an electronic data processing system 13 to change the battery. The use of a check card has the advantage that misuse of the battery changing station can be excluded from the outset. The start signal from the control column 2 has the effect that a handling device 5 for removing the battery 6 from the motor vehicle 1 is moved against the base plate 7 . The floor plate 7 connected to the chassis of the motor vehicle 1 is automatically unlocked with a suitable unlocking device 9 . The handling device 5 itself can be formed from a suitable pressure medium-operated working cylinder or a parallelogram arm in order to enable the battery 6 to be transported vertically. With the handling device 5 , the battery 6 is lowered under the motor vehicle 1 and placed on a transverse transport device 10 running underground or at least below the level of the motor vehicle wheels. The discharged battery 6 is discharged with the transverse transport device 10 and a charged battery 6 which is ready is supplied. The battery 6 is raised with the handling device 5 until it is locked in the uppermost position with the chassis. At the same time, the electrical connections 11 between the battery 6 and the motor vehicle 1 are established. The driver can then leave the battery changing station after a short stay. By resetting a trip odometer or another suitable control device, the distance traveled can be checked and the time of a new battery change can be determined in good time. A device can be connected to the control device which emits a warning signal before the battery 6 is completely discharged. According to FIG. 2, the discharged battery is converted in a known automatic battery charging station 12 6 which, like the devices already mentioned, connected to an electronic data processing device 13. In the battery charging station 12 , the battery 6 is identified on the basis of an encoded battery identification assigned to it with a suitable reading device. With the help of the data stored in a memory of the data processing device 13 , the period of use of the battery 6 can be determined and a further uselessness can be determined as a function thereof.

In diesem Falle wird die Batterie 6 ausgesondert und durch eine neue ersetzt. Eine nicht auszusondernde Batterie 6 wird nachfolgend in der Batterieladestation 12 vorzugsweise durch Solarenergie aufgeladen oder zunächst in einem Hochregallager 14 zwischengelagert, wobei die Zwischenlagerung zu dem Zweck erfolgt, eine Nachladung bei fehlender Sonnenenergie mit billigem Nachtstrom zu ermöglichen. Auf diese Weise wird ein kostengünstiger Lagerbetrieb ermöglicht. Insgesamt werden dadurch die Kosten für das Aufladen von Elektrofahrzeugen niedrig gehalten und die Umweltbelastungen verringert.In this case, the battery 6 is discarded and replaced by a new one. A battery 6 that is not to be separated out is subsequently charged in the battery charging station 12 preferably by solar energy or initially stored temporarily in a high-bay warehouse 14 , the intermediate storage being carried out for the purpose of enabling recharging in the absence of solar energy with cheap night-time electricity. In this way, cost-effective warehouse operation is made possible. Overall, this keeps the costs for charging electric vehicles low and reduces environmental pollution.

Aufstellung der verwendeten BezugszeichenList of the reference symbols used

 1 - Kraftfahrzeug
 2 - Bediensäule
 3 - Einparkhilfsvorrichtung
 4 - Versorgungskanal
 5 - Handhabungsgerät
 6 - Batterie
 7 - Bodenplatte
 8 - Verriegelung
 9 - Entriegelungseinrichtung
10 - Quertransporteinrichtung
11 - elektrische Verbindung
12 - Batterieladestation
13 - Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung
14 - Hochregallager. 1 - Motor vehicle
2 - control column
3 - Parking aid device
4 - supply channel
5 - handling device
6 - battery
7 - base plate
8 - interlock
9 - Unlocking device
10 - transverse transport device
11 - electrical connection
12 - battery charging station
13 - Data processing equipment
14 - high-bay warehouse.

Claims (3)

1. Batteriewechselstation für elektrisch angetriebene Kraftfahrzeuge mit einer durch einen Computer gesteuerten automatischen Batterieladestation, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Merkmale:
  • a) eine Einparkhilfseinrichtung (3), welche ein Kraftfahrzeug (1) gegenüber einer Bediensäule (2) und einem Handhabungsgerät (5) zur Entnahme und zum vertikalen Transport einer Batterie (6) positioniert, wobei die Batterie (6) auf einer Bodenplatte (7) des Chassis fest angeordnet und die Bodenplatte (7) mit dem Chassis des Kraftfahrzeuges (1) kraftschlüssig verbindbar ist,
  • b) eine automatische Quertransporteinrichtung (10) zum Abführen und Zuführen einer Batterie (6) von oder zu dem Kraftfahrzeug (1), wobei die Einrichtung für den Quertransport der Batterien (6) vorzugsweise in einem unterirdischen Versorgungskanal (4) unter dem Niveau der Fahrzeugräder angeordnet ist,
  • c) eine automatische Batterieladestation (12), welche an sich bekannte Einrichtungen aufweist, mit denen Batterien (6) anhand von Festdaten identifizierbar und hinsichtlich ihrer Ladungsmenge und ihrer Grenzwerte für die Brauchbarkeit überprüfbar sind,
  • d) einem Hochregallager (14) mit Prozessorsteuerung für die Bevorratung von geladenen und neuen, zum Austausch für auszusondernde Batterien, sowie für die Aufbewahrung von Batterien, die zur Aufladung vorzugsweise durch Solarenergie oder billigen Nachtstrom vorgesehen sind,
  • e) eine elektronische Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung (13), die mit der Bediensäule (2), dem Handhabungsgerät (5), der Quertransporteinrichtung (10), der automatischen Batterieladestation (12) und dem Hochregallager (14) verbunden ist und mit der das Zuführen und Abführen der Batterien (6) zu einem Kraftfahrzeug (1) steuerbar ist.
1. Battery changing station for electrically powered motor vehicles with an automatic battery charging station controlled by a computer, characterized by the following features:
  • a) a parking aid ( 3 ), which positions a motor vehicle ( 1 ) opposite an operating column ( 2 ) and a handling device ( 5 ) for removing and vertically transporting a battery ( 6 ), the battery ( 6 ) on a base plate ( 7 ) of the chassis and the base plate ( 7 ) can be non-positively connected to the chassis of the motor vehicle ( 1 ),
  • b) an automatic transverse transport device ( 10 ) for removing and feeding a battery ( 6 ) from or to the motor vehicle ( 1 ), the device for the transverse transport of the batteries ( 6 ) preferably in an underground supply channel ( 4 ) below the level of the vehicle wheels is arranged
  • c) an automatic battery charging station ( 12 ), which has devices known per se, with which batteries ( 6 ) can be identified on the basis of fixed data and can be checked with regard to their charge quantity and their limit values for usability,
  • d) a high-bay warehouse ( 14 ) with processor control for the storage of charged and new batteries, to be exchanged for batteries to be discarded, and for the storage of batteries which are provided for charging, preferably by solar energy or cheap night electricity,
  • e) an electronic data processing device ( 13 ), which is connected to the control column ( 2 ), the handling device ( 5 ), the transverse transport device ( 10 ), the automatic battery charging station ( 12 ) and the high-bay warehouse ( 14 ) and with which the supply and discharge the batteries ( 6 ) can be controlled to form a motor vehicle ( 1 ).
2. Batteriewechselstation für elektrisch angetriebene Kraftfahrzeuge nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bediensäule (2) mit einer Checkkarte bedienbar ist.2. Battery changing station for electrically powered motor vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the control column ( 2 ) can be operated with a check card. 3. Batteriewechselstation für elektrisch angetriebene Kraftfahrzeuge nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Handhabungsgerät (5) aus einem geeigneten druckmittelbetätigten Arbeitszylinder oder einem Parallelogrammausleger gebildet wird.3. Battery changing station for electrically driven motor vehicles according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the handling device ( 5 ) is formed from a suitable pressure-operated cylinder or a parallelogram boom.
DE4229687A 1992-09-05 1992-09-05 Battery exchange station for electrically driven road vehicle - enables discharged batteries to be replaced without waiting by charged batteries and functions automatically Withdrawn DE4229687A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4229687A DE4229687A1 (en) 1992-09-05 1992-09-05 Battery exchange station for electrically driven road vehicle - enables discharged batteries to be replaced without waiting by charged batteries and functions automatically

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4229687A DE4229687A1 (en) 1992-09-05 1992-09-05 Battery exchange station for electrically driven road vehicle - enables discharged batteries to be replaced without waiting by charged batteries and functions automatically

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Publication Number Publication Date
DE4229687A1 true DE4229687A1 (en) 1994-03-10

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FR2737694A1 (en) * 1995-08-09 1997-02-14 Belaud Maurice Joseph Adaptation of batteries transferred to electrically powered vehicles to range of vehicles - by utilising automatic battery handler that assembles group of traction batteries for shape of battery compartment of vehicle and automatically exchanging charged batteries for spent batteries
WO1997018976A1 (en) * 1995-11-21 1997-05-29 Alberto Ciarla Device for the combined renting of electrically driven vehicles, especially scooters, and the exchange and recharging of the vehicle batteries
FR2749547A1 (en) * 1996-06-06 1997-12-12 Jjg Partenaire Urban transport system using electric vehicles
DE19641254A1 (en) * 1996-10-07 1998-04-16 Daimler Benz Ag Electric powered commercial vehicle
US5927938A (en) * 1994-01-06 1999-07-27 Unlimited Range Electric Car Systems Company Battery charging and transfer system for electrically powered vehicles
WO2000058139A1 (en) * 1999-03-25 2000-10-05 Nanyang Technological University Battery system and apparatus
US6175211B1 (en) 1999-04-15 2001-01-16 Black & Decker Inc. Battery pack with identification device
WO2003104018A1 (en) * 2002-06-05 2003-12-18 Aloys Wobben Method for supplementing and calculating energy consumed by a vehicle
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WO2009092343A1 (en) * 2008-01-23 2009-07-30 Ina Fischer Method for changing batteries in electric vehicles and battery changing station
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