DE4210912A1 - Low-foaming aqueous detergent mixtures - Google Patents

Abstract

Low foaming aqueous detergent mixtures contain: (a) alkyl- and/or alkenyloligoglycoside ethers having the formula (I): (R<1>-0-[G]p)(R<2>)n, in which R<1> stands for a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon residue with 6 to 22 carbon atoms and 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds; R<2> stands for a linear or branched alkyl residue with 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a benzyl residue, [G] stands for a sugar residue with 5 to 6 carbon atoms, p stands for numbers from 1 to 10 and n for numbers from 0.1 p to 2 p; and (b) anionic, non-ionic and/or amphoteric or zwitterionic surface-active agents.

Description

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to low-foam aqueous detergent mixtures containing alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycoside ethers and ionic, nonionic and / or amphoteric or zwitterioni cal surfactants and the use of the alkyl and / or alkene nyloligoglycoside ether as a defoamer for production low-foam aqueous detergent mixtures and which they contain trend products.

State of the art

The effective and even control of the amount of foam that is formed during washing, rinsing and cleaning, is a traditional and well-known aspect of the pro product formulation, whose additional improvement is desired is. Excessive foaming can have all of the benefits modern detergent mixtures impair, for example then when a washing treatment in a drum washing machine is carried out. Foaming too much in the washing machine is undesirable because it is not just the effect of washing fleet on the textiles, but also the rest  Transfer foam in the washing machine to the rinse cycle can be. This not only reduces the amount of foam in the Rinsing and the associated difficulties of the sub presses of the same increased, but it can also the Active ingredients added to the rinse stage, for example soft makers, adversely affected (SÖFW, 117, 177 (1991)).

There has been no shortage of attempts in the past Problem of excessive foam development in particular ionic surfactants through the addition of suitable foam control agents, also often referred to as "foam brakes" are going to solve. The most important are the long salts chain fatty acids (DE-PS-10 56 316, DE-PS-10 80 250, Proc ter & Gamble Co.) and end-capped fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, so-called "mixed ethers" (DE-A1-33 45 349, EP-B1-0 303 928, Henkel KGaA).

Disadvantages when using the foam regulation mentioned funds are based on the fact that

• - Not applied to all anionic surfactant systems can be
• - a reduced regulating activity at temperatures in the Range from 60 to 90 ° C,
• - have reduced activity in soft water,
• - an uneven regulation over the practical An show application area and
• - to have a negative impact on application technology properties of the foam regulated by them Products.

The object of the invention was therefore to foam gated detergent mixtures based on anionic, nonioni shear and / or amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants To make available free of the described after are sharing.

Description of the invention

The invention relates to low-foaming aqueous detergent containing mixtures

• a) Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycoside ether of the formula (I) (R¹-O- [G] _p ) (R²) _n (I) in the
  R ^{1 is} a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds,
  R ² for a linear or branched alkyl radical with 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a benzyl radical, (G) for a sugar radical with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, p for numbers from 1 to 10 and
  n stands for numbers from 0.1 p to 2 p, and
• b) anionic, nonionic and / or amphoteric or zwit terionic surfactants.

Surprisingly, it was found that the addition of alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycoside ethers the foaming power of a Variety of anionic surfactants in a synergistic way belittles. The detergent mixtures according to the invention have Low foaming over a wide temperature range development and consistently high performance. As Particularly effective foam brakes have been alkyl oligoglu proved cosidbenzylether.

Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycoside ethers are known low-foaming substances, for example from DE A1-38 35 199 (BASF AG) are known. For their manufacture one can start from alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides, those in the presence of alkali hydroxides with alkyl or alkyl aryl halides are etherified.

Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycoside ethers which can be used for the purposes of the invention are preferably reaction products of C ₆ -C ₂₂ -alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides with C ₁ -C ₈ -alkyl halides or benzyl halides. Typical examples are reaction products of C _12/14 - coconut alkyl oligoglucoside, C _8/10 coconut alkyl oligoglucoside or C _16/18 tallow alkyl oligoglucoside with methyl chloride, butyl chloride, octyl chloride or benzyl chloride.

Preferred alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycoside ethers are the alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycoside ethers of the formula (I) in which R ^{1 is} an alkyl radical having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, R ^{2 is} a benzyl radical, p is a number from 1 to 3 and n is Numbers from 0.7 to 1.3 stands.

As anionic surfactants, which the mixture component b) soaps, alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefins sulfonates, alkanesulfonates, alkyl ether sulfonates, alpha sulfo fatty acids, internal sulfo fatty acids, alpha ester sulfo nates, glycerol ether sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates with conventional or narrow homolog distribution, Glycerin ether sulfates, monoglyceride (ether) sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfates, alkyl oligoglucoside sulfates, isethionates, Taurides, sarcosinates, ether carboxylic acid, sulfosuccinates, Sulfotriglycerides, protein fatty acid condensates and / or alkyl (ether) phosphates into consideration. Detergent mixtures in the sense the method according to the invention because of its particularly ef fective foam regulation are preferred, included as Component b) alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates and / or alpha ester sulfonates.

As non-ionic surfactants which contain the mixture component b) can make out come alkyl and / or alkenyl oligogly cosides, sugar esters, sorbitan esters and polysorbates in question. Detergent mixtures which are used in the process of the invention because of their particularly effective foam regulation are preferred, contain as component b) alkyl oligogluco side.

As amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants, which also can be used as mixture component b) finally alkyl betaines, alkylaminopropionates, imidazolini umbetaine and sulfobetaines.  

The low-foam aqueous detergent mixtures according to the invention can the alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycoside ethers and anionic, nonionic and / or amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants in a weight ratio of 10: 1 to 1:10, preferably 5: 1 to 1: 5 and in particular 1: 1 to 1: 4 contain.

To produce the detergent mixtures according to the invention it is sufficient to add the individual components if necessary to an elevated temperature of 40 to 50 ° C with stirring together. The mixing takes place on a purely mechanical basis Ways, a chemical reaction does not take place.

Industrial applicability

The detergent mixtures according to the invention are low-foaming and are characterized by excellent surface-active properties from. They are therefore suitable for the production of Detergents, dishwashing detergents and cleaning products as well as and personal care, in which they are present in concentrations of 1 to 50, preferably 5 to 25% by weight, based on the composition, can be included.

Another object of the invention also relates to Use of alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycoside ethers as Defoamer for the production of low-foaming aqueous detergents gene mixtures and compositions containing them.

The following examples are intended to be the subject of the invention explain in more detail without restricting it.

Examples I. Preparation of C _12/14 cocoalkyl oligoglucoside benzyl ether

In a 1 liter three-necked flask with stirrer and internal thermometer
434 g (1 mol) of C _12/14 cocoalkyl glucoside, average degree of oligomerization: 1.4 hydroxyl number: 635.5 and
126 g (1 mole) of benzyl chloride
submitted and stirred over a period of 1 h at a temperature of 90 ° C. 44 g (1 mol) of sodium hydroxide were then added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 80 ° C. for 8 h. After cooling, the crude benzyl ether was diluted with water and neutralized with 50% by weight sulfuric acid. The organic phase was separated with the aid of a separating funnel and then freed from any traces of water in a water jet vacuum at 200 ° C. Finally the product was filtered in the presence of a filter aid (Celite®). The anhydrous alkyl glucoside benzyl ether was obtained as a clear, yellow colored liquid. The product showed the following key figures:
Hydroxyl number: 437
Average degree of etherification: 1.

II. Examples of application technology

The application tests of the foaming power were carried out in accordance with DIN 53 902.2 under the following conditions:
Concentration: 0.5 g / l (based on active substance)
Water hardness: 16 ° d
Temperature: 40 ° C.

For the measurements, 250 ml of the test sol solutions transferred to a 500 ml standing cylinder. The foam generation was carried out with the help of a befe on a stamp perforated disc that dipped into the solutions and there up and down over a short period of time at high frequency was moved away. The foam height was immediate, i.e. H. according to Be Completion of foam generation, read and foam decay tracked over a period of 20 min.  

Substances used

Anionic surfactants:

• A1) C _12/14 coconut fatty alcohol sulfate Na salt Texapon® LS 35, from Henkel KGaA
• A2) Dodecylbenzenesulfonate Na salt Maranil® A55, from Henkel KGaA
• A3) C _16/18 tallow methyl ester sulfonate sodium salt Texin® Es 68, from Henkel KGaA
• A4) C _16/18 tallow alcohol sulfate Na salt Sulfopon® T 55, from Henkel KGaA

Nonionic surfactants:

• B1) C _12/14 cocoalkyl oligoglucoside benzyl ether according to I
• B2) C _12/14 cocoalkyl oligoglucoside Plantaren® APG 600, from Henkel KGaA
• B3) C _12/18 cocoalkyl-10 EO-butyl ether Dehypon® LT 104, from Henkel KGaA

The results of the foam measurements are summarized in Tab. 1 sums up. Detergent mixtures with B1 are according to the invention Mixtures with B2 and B3 are used for comparison.  

Table 1

Foam measurements

Claims (7)

1. Containing low-foam aqueous detergent mixtures

• a) Alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycoside ethers of the formula (I) (R¹-O- [G] _p ) (R²) _n (I) in the
  R ^{1 is} a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds,
  R ^{2 represents} a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a benzyl radical,
  (G) for a sugar residue with 5 or 6 carbon atoms,
  p for numbers from 1 to 10 and
  n stands for numbers from 0.1 p to 2 p, and
• b) anionic, nonionic and / or amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants.

2. Low-foaming aqueous detergent mixtures according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain alkyl and / or alkene nyloligoglucosidether of formula (I) in which
R ^{1 represents} an alkyl radical with 12 to 18 carbon atoms,
R ^{2 stands} for a benzyl radical, p stands for numbers from 1 to 3 and n stands for numbers from 0.7 to 1.3. 3. Low-foam aqueous detergent mixtures according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain anionic surfactants chosen from the group consisting of soaps, Alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, alkanesulfona ten, alkyl ether sulfonates, alpha sulfo fatty acids, in internal sulfo fatty acids, alpha ester sulfonates, Glycerol ether sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulf fate with conventional or restricted homologues distribution, glycerol ether sulfates, monoglyceride (ether) sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfates, alkyl oligoglucoside sulfates, isethionates, taurides, sarcosinates, ethers carboxylic acids, sulfosuccinates, sulfotriglycerides, egg white fatty acid condensates and alkyl (ether) phosphates, is formed. 4. Low-foam aqueous detergent mixtures according to claim 1, characterized in that they are nonionic surfactants selected from the group consisting of alkyl and / or Al kenyl oligoglycosides, sugar esters, sorbitan esters and Polysorbates is formed included. 5. Low-foam aqueous detergent mixtures according to claim 1, characterized in that they are amphoteric or hermaphrodite ionic surfactants selected from the group consisting of Alkyl betaines, alkylaminopropionates, imidazoliniumbe tainen and sulfobetainen is formed.   6. Low-foam aqueous detergent mixtures according to claim 1, characterized in that they are the alkyl and / or Al kenyloligoglycosidether and the anionic, nonio African and / or amphoteric or zwitterionic ten side in a weight ratio of 10: 1 to 1:10. 7. Use of alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycoside ethers as defoamers for the production of low-foam aqueous detergent mixtures and containing them Medium.