DE4138460A1 - VACUUM-SEALED ENCLOSED THERMOCOUPLE - Google Patents

VACUUM-SEALED ENCLOSED THERMOCOUPLE

Info

Publication number
DE4138460A1
DE4138460A1 DE19914138460 DE4138460A DE4138460A1 DE 4138460 A1 DE4138460 A1 DE 4138460A1 DE 19914138460 DE19914138460 DE 19914138460 DE 4138460 A DE4138460 A DE 4138460A DE 4138460 A1 DE4138460 A1 DE 4138460A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
protective tube
thermocouple
probe
wires
thermally
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19914138460
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE4138460C2 (en
Inventor
Dittmar Dipl Ing Winterhagen
Martin Dr Ing Turwitt
Thomas Jansing
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DE19914138460 priority Critical patent/DE4138460C2/en
Priority to PCT/DE1992/000942 priority patent/WO1993010427A1/en
Priority to JP5508874A priority patent/JPH07501144A/en
Priority to EP92923077A priority patent/EP0613551A1/en
Publication of DE4138460A1 publication Critical patent/DE4138460A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE4138460C2 publication Critical patent/DE4138460C2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/10—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors
    • G01J5/12—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/08—Protective devices, e.g. casings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/16—Special arrangements for conducting heat from the object to the sensitive element
    • G01K1/18—Special arrangements for conducting heat from the object to the sensitive element for reducing thermal inertia

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

The probe is intended for use in oxidizing environments at temperatures in excess of 1800 DEG C. It contains wires (1, 2) which are introduced into a protective tube (5) and connected to each other at a junction point (3). The protective tube (5) is made either of a thermally-transparent ceramic material in the form of a monocrystal, or of a thermally-transparent oxide crystal such as Al2O3 (saphire) or ZrO2. Such materials have a good degree of permeability to infra-red radiation as well as being very sturdy and corrosion-resistant. A mounting (4) which supports the probe wires (1, 2) is for practical reasons made of the same material. The cavity inside the protective tube (5) can be either evacuated or filled with an inert gas. The probe has excellent long-term thermal endurance and responds extremely quickly to changes in temperature. It can be used to measure temperatures of up to c. 2200 DEG C.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen innerhalb eines Schutzrohres angeordnetes Thermoelement.The present invention relates to an inside Protective tube arranged thermocouple.

Derartige Elemente, die aus zwei an zwei Stellen miteinander verlöteten, üblicherweise Drahtform aufweisenden Stücken aus verschiedenen Metallen bzw. Metallegierungen bestehen, werden zu Temperaturmessungen verwendet, da in ihnen eine der Temperatur proportionale Spannung, die sogenannte Thermospannung, erzeugt wird, wenn die beiden Lötstellen verschiedenen Temperaturen ausgesetzt werden. Zum Schutz vor mechanischen Beschädigungen ist ihre Anordnung innerhalb eines Schutzrohres üblich. Bei Auswahl geeigneter Materialien, z. B. einer Platin-Rhodium/Platin-Rhodium-Paarung (mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Legierungsanteilen) können Messungen bis zu ca. 1820°C durchgeführt werden.Such elements that consist of two in two places with each other soldered, usually wire-shaped pieces different metals or metal alloys exist used for temperature measurements, because one of the Temperature proportional voltage, the so-called Thermal voltage is generated when the two solder joints exposed to different temperatures. To protect against mechanical damage is their arrangement within a Protective tube common. When selecting suitable materials, e.g. B. a platinum-rhodium / platinum-rhodium pairing (with each different alloy proportions) can measure up to approx. 1820 ° C.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Thermoelement, das jenseits der genannten Temperatur auch in oxidierender Atmosphäre eingesetzt werden kann, nachdem jetzt elektrische Heizer zur Verfügung stehen, mit deren Hilfe höhere Temperaturen im praktischen Betrieb erreicht werden können.The object of the present invention is a thermocouple beyond the specified temperature also in oxidizing Atmosphere can now be used after electrical Heaters are available, with the help of higher ones Temperatures can be reached in practical operation.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt dadurch, daß das Schutzrohr aus einer transparenten Keramik oder einem transparenten Oxidkristall mit einem Schmelzpunkt oberhalb der zu messenden Temperatur besteht. Als geeignete Werkstoffe, die sowohl die erforderliche Temperaturfestigkeit aufweisen als auch im Infrarotbereich des elektromagnetischen Wellenspektrums die erforderliche Durchlässigkeit aufweisen, kommen z. B. Saphir oder Zirkonoxid-Einkristalle in Frage. Diese Werkstoffe weisen neben einer hohen Korrosionsbeständigkeit eine gute mechanische Festigkeit auf und bieten dem Durchgang der Wärmestrahlung kein nennenswertes Hindernis.This problem is solved in that the protective tube made of a transparent ceramic or a transparent Oxide crystal with a melting point above that to be measured Temperature. As suitable materials that both have the required temperature resistance as well Infrared region of the electromagnetic wave spectrum have the required permeability, z. B. Sapphire or zirconia single crystals in question. These materials show in addition to high corrosion resistance, good  mechanical strength and provide the passage of the Thermal radiation is not a significant obstacle.

Die das Thermoelement bildenden Drähte werden innerhalb des Schutzrohres zweckmäßigerweise gehaltert, um ihre Widerstands­ fähigkeit gegen mechanische Einwirkungen von außen zu erhöhen, insbesondere ein Kurzschließen zu vermeiden. In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind auch diese Halterungen aus der gleichen Keramik wie das äußere Schutzrohr hergestellt. Beeinträchtigungen der Warmfestigkeit, die sonst durch die unterschiedlichen Wärmedehnungen zweier Materialien auftreten könnten, werden so vermieden.The wires forming the thermocouple are inside the Protective tube conveniently held to their resistance ability to increase against mechanical influences from outside, in particular to avoid short-circuiting. In another Embodiment of the invention, these brackets are made made of the same ceramic as the outer protective tube. Impairment of the heat resistance that would otherwise be caused by the different thermal expansions of two materials occur could be avoided.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Schutzrohr evakuiert und vakuumdicht verschlossen. Die Korrosion der Thermoelemente wird so vermieden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the protective tube evacuated and sealed vacuum-tight. The corrosion of the This avoids thermocouples.

In einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist die Atmosphäre innerhalb des Schutzrohres inert, und besteht z. B. aus Argon, Helium oder anderen Gasen. Auch so werden die Drähte des Thermoelementes vor Korrosion geschützt.In an alternative embodiment, the atmosphere is inert within the protective tube, and z. B. from argon, Helium or other gases. Even so, the wires of the Thermocouple protected from corrosion.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht das Schutzrohr aus einem Einkristall bzw. ist aus ihm herausgearbeitet. Aus den o. g. Stoffen lassen sich ohne besondere Schwierigkeiten Einkristalle benötigter Größe züchten, die gegebenenfalls mittels geeigneter Verfahren, z. B. durch Ultraschallbohren, formgebend bearbeitet werden können.In a further embodiment of the invention there is the protective tube from a single crystal or is worked out of it. Out the above Fabrics can be made without any particular difficulty Grow single crystals of the required size, if necessary by means of suitable methods, e.g. B. by ultrasonic drilling, can be shaped.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt, und zwar zeigt diese das erfindungsgemäße Thermoelement im Axiallängsschnitt.An embodiment of the invention is in the drawing shown, and this shows the invention Thermocouple in axial longitudinal section.

Es besteht aus zwei Drähten 1, 2 aus Platin/Rhodium- Legierungen oder Wolfram/Rhodium-Legierungen für den Einsatz bei höheren Temperaturen. Diese sind an einer Lötstelle 3 miteinander verbunden. Die Drähte 1, 2 sind in Halterungen 4 gelagert und diese wiederum in einem Schutzrohr 5. Halterungen 4 und Schutzrohr bestehen z. B. aus Aluminiumoxid, und sind vorzugsweise aus einem Einkristall (Saphir) dieses Stoffes herausgearbeitet. Das Schutzrohr 5 ist an seinem oberen Ende mit einem Deckel 6 aus jeweils einem hochtemperaturbeständi­ gen, aber nicht notwendigerweise für Wärmestrahlung besonders durchlässigen Stoff vakuumdicht verschlossen. Die Drähte 1, 2 werden durch Bohrungen im Deckel 6 nach außerhalb und schließlich zu hier nicht gezeigten Anzeigegeräten für die durch die Einwirkung der Wärme auf die erste Lötstelle 3 erzeugte Thermospannung geführt, z. B. zu einem Drehspulgalva­ nometer. Die Halterungen 4 sind zweckmäßigerweise am Deckel 6 angelötet, und ebenso wird letzterer mit dem Schutzrohr 5 verbunden. Wegen der erforderlichen Isolierung der Drähte 1, 2 finden hierfür vorzugsweise Glaslote Verwendung, doch ist auch die Verwendung von keramischen Loten bzw. Klebern möglich.It consists of two wires 1 , 2 made of platinum / rhodium alloys or tungsten / rhodium alloys for use at higher temperatures. These are connected to one another at a solder joint 3 . The wires 1 , 2 are mounted in holders 4 and these in turn in a protective tube 5 . Brackets 4 and protective tube exist z. B. made of aluminum oxide, and are preferably worked out of a single crystal (sapphire) of this substance. The protective tube 5 is closed at its upper end with a cover 6 from a high temperature resistant gene, but not necessarily particularly permeable to heat radiation, particularly vacuum-tight material. The wires 1 , 2 are guided through holes in the cover 6 to the outside and finally to display devices, not shown here, for the thermal voltage generated by the action of heat on the first soldering point 3 , for. B. to a moving coil galva nometer. The brackets 4 are expediently soldered to the cover 6 , and the latter is also connected to the protective tube 5 . Because of the required insulation of the wires 1 , 2 , glass solders are preferably used for this, but the use of ceramic solders or adhesives is also possible.

Claims (5)

1. Innerhalb eines Schutzrohres (5) angeordnetes Thermoelement (1 bis 3), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schutzrohr (5) aus einer transparenten Keramik oder einem transparenten Oxidkristall besteht.1. Within a protective tube ( 5 ) arranged thermocouple ( 1 to 3 ), characterized in that the protective tube ( 5 ) consists of a transparent ceramic or a transparent oxide crystal. 2. Thermoelement (1 bis 3) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es innerhalb des Schutzrohres (5) in Halterungen (4) aus einer transparenten Keramik oder einem transparenten Oxidkristall gehaltert ist.2. Thermocouple ( 1 to 3 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is held within the protective tube ( 5 ) in holders ( 4 ) made of a transparent ceramic or a transparent oxide crystal. 3. Thermoelement (1 bis 3) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schutzrohr evakuiert und vakuumdicht verschlossen ist.3. Thermocouple ( 1 to 3 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the protective tube is evacuated and sealed vacuum-tight. 4. Thermoelement (1 bis 3) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Atmosphäre innerhalb des Schutzrohres (5) inert ist.4. Thermocouple ( 1 to 3 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the atmosphere within the protective tube ( 5 ) is inert. 5. Thermoelement (1 bis 3) nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es aus einem Einkristall besteht bzw. herausgearbeitet ist.5. Thermocouple ( 1 to 3 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of a single crystal or is worked out.
DE19914138460 1991-11-22 1991-11-22 Thermocouple arranged inside a protective tube Expired - Fee Related DE4138460C2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19914138460 DE4138460C2 (en) 1991-11-22 1991-11-22 Thermocouple arranged inside a protective tube
PCT/DE1992/000942 WO1993010427A1 (en) 1991-11-22 1992-11-12 Vacuum-tight probe for a thermal element
JP5508874A JPH07501144A (en) 1991-11-22 1992-11-12 Sealed heat sensitive part of thermocouple
EP92923077A EP0613551A1 (en) 1991-11-22 1992-11-12 Vacuum-tight probe for a thermal element

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19914138460 DE4138460C2 (en) 1991-11-22 1991-11-22 Thermocouple arranged inside a protective tube

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE4138460A1 true DE4138460A1 (en) 1993-05-27
DE4138460C2 DE4138460C2 (en) 1994-02-10

Family

ID=6445374

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19914138460 Expired - Fee Related DE4138460C2 (en) 1991-11-22 1991-11-22 Thermocouple arranged inside a protective tube

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0613551A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07501144A (en)
DE (1) DE4138460C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1993010427A1 (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6059453A (en) * 1998-04-20 2000-05-09 Rosemount Inc. Temperature probe with sapphire thermowell
WO2001027579A1 (en) * 1999-10-13 2001-04-19 Texaco Development Corporation Sapphire reinforced thermocouple protection tube
US7131768B2 (en) * 2003-12-16 2006-11-07 Harco Laboratories, Inc. Extended temperature range EMF device
WO2010063682A1 (en) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Temperaturmesstechnik Geraberg Gmbh Temperature sensor, in particular for turbochargers
DE202011001280U1 (en) 2011-01-10 2012-04-18 Klaus Irrgang Universal high temperature element
DE102011083437A1 (en) 2011-01-10 2012-07-12 Klaus Irrgang Thermoelectric temperature sensor for detecting exhaust gas temperature of exhaust gas line in turbo supercharger for internal combustion engine, has shell element provided with recess into which thermal bead is partially projected
DE202012104929U1 (en) 2012-12-18 2013-02-12 Klaus Irrgang Thermoelectric high-temperature sensor with a sheathed cable
DE202013100708U1 (en) 2013-02-18 2013-04-05 Klaus Irrgang Temperature sensor for fast temperature changes
DE202015008966U1 (en) 2015-03-31 2016-05-02 Temperaturmeßtechnik Geraberg GmbH Modular structured high-temperature sensor

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4418472C2 (en) * 1994-05-20 1998-03-19 Hartmann & Braun Ag Probe for temperature measurement of gases or liquids
WO2000000797A1 (en) 1998-06-26 2000-01-06 Texaco Development Corporation Thermocouple for use in gasification process
JP4484129B2 (en) * 2000-11-16 2010-06-16 いすゞ自動車株式会社 thermocouple
CZ302212B6 (en) * 2006-03-29 2010-12-22 CRYTUR@@spol@@s@r@@o Thermocouple probe with a casing for measuring temperature values in extreme conditions
DE102010063062A1 (en) 2010-12-14 2012-06-14 Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co. Kg Protective tube inner part for a thermometer with a protective tube
DE102011089942A1 (en) 2011-12-27 2013-06-27 Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co. Kg Receiving device for measuring insert, has mold portion for fastening receiving device to pipeline, where mold portion has bore, in which component is inserted from end of bore
CN102703967A (en) * 2012-06-05 2012-10-03 湖南红太阳光电科技有限公司 Thermocouple device for polycrystal ingot furnace
DE102012112579A1 (en) 2012-12-18 2014-06-18 Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co Kg Receiving device, particularly protective tube, for measuring insert, particularly for determining temperature of measuring material in process container, has two sections, which are separated from each other through passage
JP6452606B2 (en) 2013-08-08 2019-01-16 株式会社フルヤ金属 thermometer
US9598976B2 (en) 2014-01-14 2017-03-21 Solar Turbines Incorporated Ceramic pedestal and shield for gas path temperature measurement
DE112014000282B4 (en) * 2014-01-21 2017-10-12 Okazaki Manufacturing Company Temperature sensor for high temperatures
CN107221595B (en) * 2017-07-05 2019-06-07 徐荣华 Vacuum Heat fulgurite

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DE1489263A1 (en) * 1964-11-19 1969-08-28 Corhart Refractories Co Immersible thermocouple
DE2021044B2 (en) * 1969-08-08 1972-02-10 Egyesult Izzolampa es Villamossagi Reszvenytarsasag, Budapest THERMOCOUPLE WIRE THERMOCOUPLE AND THERMODETECTORS

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GB1131145A (en) * 1966-05-18 1968-10-23 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Improvements in or relating thermoelectric devices
AT329299B (en) * 1974-01-18 1976-05-10 Plansee Metallwerk ARRANGEMENT FOR TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT OF METAL MELT
DE3528161C1 (en) * 1985-08-06 1986-10-23 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Thermocouple for measuring temperatures in vacuum furnaces

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1489263A1 (en) * 1964-11-19 1969-08-28 Corhart Refractories Co Immersible thermocouple
DE2021044B2 (en) * 1969-08-08 1972-02-10 Egyesult Izzolampa es Villamossagi Reszvenytarsasag, Budapest THERMOCOUPLE WIRE THERMOCOUPLE AND THERMODETECTORS

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6059453A (en) * 1998-04-20 2000-05-09 Rosemount Inc. Temperature probe with sapphire thermowell
WO2001027579A1 (en) * 1999-10-13 2001-04-19 Texaco Development Corporation Sapphire reinforced thermocouple protection tube
US6536950B1 (en) 1999-10-13 2003-03-25 Texaco Inc. Sapphire reinforced thermocouple protection tube
US7131768B2 (en) * 2003-12-16 2006-11-07 Harco Laboratories, Inc. Extended temperature range EMF device
WO2010063682A1 (en) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Temperaturmesstechnik Geraberg Gmbh Temperature sensor, in particular for turbochargers
DE202011001280U1 (en) 2011-01-10 2012-04-18 Klaus Irrgang Universal high temperature element
DE102011083437A1 (en) 2011-01-10 2012-07-12 Klaus Irrgang Thermoelectric temperature sensor for detecting exhaust gas temperature of exhaust gas line in turbo supercharger for internal combustion engine, has shell element provided with recess into which thermal bead is partially projected
DE102011083437B4 (en) * 2011-01-10 2013-07-18 Klaus Irrgang Universal high temperature element
DE202012104929U1 (en) 2012-12-18 2013-02-12 Klaus Irrgang Thermoelectric high-temperature sensor with a sheathed cable
DE202013100708U1 (en) 2013-02-18 2013-04-05 Klaus Irrgang Temperature sensor for fast temperature changes
WO2014125078A1 (en) 2013-02-18 2014-08-21 Klaus Irrgang Temperature sensor for rapid temperature changes
DE202015008966U1 (en) 2015-03-31 2016-05-02 Temperaturmeßtechnik Geraberg GmbH Modular structured high-temperature sensor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1993010427A1 (en) 1993-05-27
EP0613551A1 (en) 1994-09-07
DE4138460C2 (en) 1994-02-10
JPH07501144A (en) 1995-02-02

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