DE405379C - Process for the production of oil gas by means of dry distillation of oils, in particular viscous mineral oil residues - Google Patents

Description

Process for the production of oil gas by means of dry distillation of Oils, especially viscous mineral oil residues. As is well known, oil gas is mostly used by dry distillation of mineral oils and the like using high temperatures obtained, the pyrogenic decomposition of the oils z. B. in Pintsch and similar retorts or in gas generators.

However, the gas obtained in this process has a hydrogen content that fluctuates between 25 and 50 percent of the total volume of the oil gas.

The reason for this is that during the distillation the Hydrocarbons contained are largely decomposed, with them in addition to large Amounts of hydrogen also include pure carbon in the form of retort graphite and soot deliver.

For branches of manufacture, such as B. Rußfabrikatrion, the synthetic Extraction of hydrogen for the lighting of railroad cars and the like. a so-called rich gas is now necessary, d. H. one that is relatively high hydrocarbon content contains as little hydrogen as possible, which a <'experience conditional, which allows the hydrocarbons contained in the mineral oil in such a way transferring the gaseous state that as little as possible of the same decomposes will.

A proposal for solving this problem has already become known; First of all, the oils were evaporated at low temperatures and mixed the gassing material with additional gases. In the previous evaporation, however, suffer the oils already cause harmful decomposition, on the other hand they cause the low gasification temperatures very large gasification spaces and too much heat required to carry out the gasification process. The oil is only insufficiently used because of the proven large amount of tar. Laboratory experiments have also become known, with oil vapors to increase the yield of methane, Athens and ethylene added hydrogen or the Gasification in a stream of carbon dioxide or nitrogen was carried out to reduce the methane content of the gas and to increase the amount of ethylene.

The gases obtained in these laboratory tests are because of the excessively high levels of hydrogen, carbon dioxide or nitrogen for manufacturing purposes completely useless.

Through industrial trials according to the present process has been the surprising and new effect achieved that by the addition of proportionately very small volumes of non-oxidizing gases which the atmosphere in the gasification room .form, the chemical composition of the extracted oil gas changes significantly will.

The process consists in that the oil to be gasified is pressed, non-oxidizing gases are added and the mixture with atomization of the Oil and relaxation of the gases is passed into the gasification room.

As a test result of the described Procedure it should be mentioned that at a gasification temperature of 8oo ° C in a pint cake when nitrogen was introduced, an oil gas was obtained which had a content of 41 Percent hydrocarbons e,, 47 percent nitrogen and only i2 percent hydrogen had, while under the exact same conditions, but without the addition of nitrogen, a gas made of 57 percent hydrocarbons and .43 percent hydrogen was obtained.

Instead of nitrogen, other gases such as B. ammonia, Methane etc. or their mixtures are used for the atomization of the oil.

With a larger addition of these gases, it is possible to bring the hydrogen content down to about 3 percent, with a content of z_. B. 30 percent hydrocarbons and 67 percent additional gas, with the tar build-up to 11 has fallen.

With this method, the saturated hydrocarbon content could be reduced en (paraffins) in the gas mixture and that of unsaturated (heavy) Hydrocarbons are increased.

Except gas oils, which gasify at high or low temperatures even thick oil residues advantageously produce rich, low-hydrogen content Oil gas with the desired properties.

Claims (2)

PATE IN T CLAIMS: i. Method for collecting oil gas by means of dry distillation of oils, especially viscous M; mineral oil residues, characterized in that the oil to be gasified itself is pressed, non-oxidizing Gases are added and the mixture with atomization of the oil and relaxation the gases are fed into the gasification room. 2. The method according to claim i, characterized characterized in that nitrogen, ammonia or methane gases or mixtures thereof for the atomization of the oil can be used.