DE911138C - Process for producing a gas for steel cementation - Google Patents
Process for producing a gas for steel cementationInfo
- Publication number
- DE911138C DE911138C DER982D DER0000982D DE911138C DE 911138 C DE911138 C DE 911138C DE R982 D DER982 D DE R982D DE R0000982 D DER0000982 D DE R0000982D DE 911138 C DE911138 C DE 911138C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- hydrocarbons
- cementation
- producing
- methane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gases für die Stahlzementation Zusatz zum Patent 758 345 Die Erfindung nach dem Patent 758 345 betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gases für die Stahlzementation, welches aus 3o bis 50% Kohlenmonoxyd, io bis 5o% Wasserstoff, 8 bis 5o% Stickstoff, 3 bis 12% Methan oder Äthan oder i bis 6% Butan oder Propan zusammengesetzt ist, und sie besteht darin, daß Generatorgas oder Mischgas mit mehr als 7% Stickstoff durch eine Säule aus Holzkohle oder Koks, deren Temperatur über 95o°' C und oberhalb der Zementierungstemperatur liegt, durchgeleitet wird, worauf dem Gas geringe Mengen an Methan, Äthan, Butan und Propan hinzugefügt werden.Process for the production of a gas for steel cementation additive to patent 758,345 The invention according to patent 758,345 relates to a method for the production of a gas for steel cementation, which consists of 3o to 50% carbon monoxide, io to 5o% hydrogen, 8 to 50% nitrogen, 3 to 12% methane or ethane or i up to 6% butane or propane is composed, and it consists of the generator gas or mixed gas with more than 7% nitrogen through a column of charcoal or coke, whose temperature is above 95o ° C and above the cementing temperature, passed through whereupon small amounts of methane, ethane, butane and propane are added to the gas will.
Die Erfahrung hat gezeigt, daß, wenn die Säule aus Kohle auf eine genügend hohe Temperatur gebracht wird (beispielsweise i ioo° C) und die Zementierungsmuffel entsprechend gereinigt und vollkommen dicht ist und das Zementierungsgas vollständig frei von Spuren von freiem Sauerstoff, Wasserdampf oder Kohlensäure ist, der Gehalt an Kohlenwasserstoffen zur Erzielung einer befriedigenden Zementierung geringer sein kann, als der im Hauptpatent angegebene.Experience has shown that when the column is made of coal on a sufficiently high temperature is brought (for example 100 ° C) and the cementing muffle appropriately cleaned and completely leakproof and the cementation gas completely the content is free of traces of free oxygen, water vapor or carbon dioxide less hydrocarbons to achieve satisfactory cementation can be than the one specified in the main patent.
Insbesondere wurde festgestellt, daß unter der Voraussetzung, daß der Zusatz an Kohlenwasserstoffen sehr gering gemacht wird, auch ungesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffe rein oder gemischt angewendet werden können. Beispielsweise kann angegeben werden, daß mit verflüssigten Kohlenwasserstoffen, die beim Kracken des Mosul-Petroleums erhalten wurden und nach der Analyse 8o bis 6o % Propan und 2o bis 4o % Propylen enthielten, in allen Punkten vergleichbare Ergebnisse erhalten wurden.In particular, it was found that provided that the addition of hydrocarbons is made very low, including unsaturated hydrocarbons can be used pure or mixed. For example, it can be specified that with liquefied hydrocarbons that are used in cracking the Mosul petroleum obtain were and after the analysis 8o to 6o% propane and 2o bis 40% propylene contained, comparable results were obtained in all points.
Bei einem Anteil von 0,5 % dieser Mischung kann man bei besonders weichem Stahl eine Härte von 64 bis 65 Rockwell erreichen bei einheitlich schwarzer Oberfläche.With a proportion of 0.5% of this mixture, you can especially Soft steel can achieve a hardness of 64 to 65 Rockwell with uniformly black Surface.
Mit o,i % der Mischung erhält man eine unregelmäßige Härte von 5o bis 64 Rockwell und eine helle Oberfläche. Bei o, i % liegt die Grenze, unterhalb deren eine befriedigende Zementation nicht mehr erreicht wird.With 0.1% of the mixture, an irregular hardness of 50 is obtained to 64 Rockwell and a light surface. At o, i% the limit is below whose satisfactory cementation is no longer achieved.
Bei gleicher Menge des Zusatzes bekommt man mit Propan und Butan dasselbe Ergebnis. Bei diesen niedrigen Konzentrationen wird die Gefahr der Verstopfung des Ofens durch die Kondensationsprodukte der Äthylenkohlenwasserstoffe unbeachtlich. Die Äthylenkohlenwasserstoffe können nach diesem Verfahren bei Gehalten unter 4% im Zementierungsgas für die Zementierung zugelassen werden.With the same amount of additive you get the same thing with propane and butane Result. At these low concentrations there is a risk of clogging of the The furnace is irrelevant due to the condensation products of the ethylene hydrocarbons. According to this process, the ethylene hydrocarbons can be used at levels below 4% be approved for cementation in the cementing gas.
Man hat ferner erkannt, daß das industrielle unreine Methan die höheren Kohlenwasserstoffe, wie Propan, nicht ersetzen kann. Seine Wirkung ist viel schwächer als die des reinen Stoffes. Selbst mit 30% Methan bleibt die Oberfläche der Stücke weiß. Die Härte kann sich bis 65 Rockwell erhöhen. Aber um zu diesem Ergebnis zu gelangen; ist es wesentlich, daß das Zementierungsgas unbedingt frei von freiem Sauerstoff, Kohlenoxyd und Wasserdampf ist. Die geringste Spur dieser Verunreinigungen hindert stark die Zementierung. Der Gehalt an Kohlenstoff in der Oberfläche wird beträchtlich vermindert.It has also been recognized that industrial impure methane is higher Hydrocarbons, such as propane, cannot replace. Its effect is much weaker than that of pure matter. Even with 30% methane, the surface of the pieces remains White. The hardness can increase up to 65 Rockwell. But to get to this conclusion reach; It is essential that the cementing gas is absolutely free of free Is oxygen, carbon monoxide and water vapor. The slightest trace of these impurities strongly hinders cementation. The content of carbon in the surface will be considerably reduced.
Ferner wurde erkannt, daß die Zementierung durch Methan erheblich durch den Zusatz ganz geringer Mengen höherer Kohlenwasserstoffe, wie Propan, Butan, Propan-Propylen-Gemisch usw., verstärkt werden kann.It was also recognized that the cementation by methane was considerable by adding very small amounts of higher hydrocarbons, such as propane, butane, Propane-propylene mixture, etc., can be strengthened.
Die für die Erreichung der Höchstwirkung nötige und ausreichende Menge ist die, die den behandelten Stücken eine schwarze Oberfläche gibt.The amount necessary and sufficient to achieve the maximum effect is the one that gives the treated pieces a black surface.
Unter diesen Bedingungen addiert sich die Zementierungswirkung des Methans zu der des Kohlenoxydes, und es werden energische Zementierungen erhalten. Das Zementierungsgas besteht dabei aus Generatorgas, das eine Kohlensäule durchlaufen hat und dem o, i bis :2% höherer Kohlenwasserstoff zugesetzt ist, z. B. industrielles Propan und Methan in einem Prozentsatz zwischen 3 und 300/0, je nach der gewünschten Wirksamkeit.Under these conditions the cementing effect of the additive Methane to that of carbon dioxide, and vigorous cementations are obtained. The cementing gas consists of generator gas that passes through a column of coal and the o, i to: 2% higher hydrocarbon is added, z. B. industrial Propane and methane in a percentage between 3 and 300/0, depending on the desired Effectiveness.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR799842T | 1935-12-24 | ||
FR47594T | 1936-08-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE911138C true DE911138C (en) | 1954-05-10 |
Family
ID=32320253
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DER97193D Expired DE758345C (en) | 1935-12-24 | 1936-08-28 | Production of a gas for steel cementation |
DER982D Expired DE911138C (en) | 1935-12-24 | 1936-09-04 | Process for producing a gas for steel cementation |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DER97193D Expired DE758345C (en) | 1935-12-24 | 1936-08-28 | Production of a gas for steel cementation |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (2) | DE758345C (en) |
FR (5) | FR799842A (en) |
GB (1) | GB480103A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3385739A (en) * | 1965-04-13 | 1968-05-28 | Eaton Yale & Towne | Alloy steel articles and the method of making |
DE3110329A1 (en) * | 1981-03-17 | 1982-09-30 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Gas carburisation process |
DE19814451A1 (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 1999-10-07 | Linde Ag | Process for the heat treatment of workpieces under treatment gas |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US847588A (en) * | 1905-04-13 | 1907-03-19 | Adolph W Machlet | Case-hardening. |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE245183C (en) * | ||||
AT34722B (en) * | 1907-02-06 | 1908-10-10 | Friedrich Gross | Installation of plants for the reduction of ores. |
-
1935
- 1935-12-24 FR FR799842D patent/FR799842A/en not_active Expired
-
1936
- 1936-08-06 FR FR47594D patent/FR47594E/en not_active Expired
- 1936-08-11 GB GB2212436A patent/GB480103A/en not_active Expired
- 1936-08-28 DE DER97193D patent/DE758345C/en not_active Expired
- 1936-09-04 DE DER982D patent/DE911138C/en not_active Expired
- 1936-12-15 FR FR47959D patent/FR47959E/en not_active Expired
-
1938
- 1938-03-29 FR FR49338D patent/FR49338E/en not_active Expired
- 1938-03-30 FR FR49342D patent/FR49342E/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US847588A (en) * | 1905-04-13 | 1907-03-19 | Adolph W Machlet | Case-hardening. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR49342E (en) | 1939-02-17 |
DE758345C (en) | 1953-02-09 |
GB480103A (en) | 1938-02-11 |
FR49338E (en) | 1939-02-17 |
FR47594E (en) | 1937-06-04 |
FR47959E (en) | 1937-08-28 |
FR799842A (en) | 1936-06-20 |
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