DE4041155A1 - Schmierleitungsrohr aus thermoplastischen kunststoffen, befuellt mit einem biologisch abbaubaren schmierfett - Google Patents
Schmierleitungsrohr aus thermoplastischen kunststoffen, befuellt mit einem biologisch abbaubaren schmierfettInfo
- Publication number
- DE4041155A1 DE4041155A1 DE4041155A DE4041155A DE4041155A1 DE 4041155 A1 DE4041155 A1 DE 4041155A1 DE 4041155 A DE4041155 A DE 4041155A DE 4041155 A DE4041155 A DE 4041155A DE 4041155 A1 DE4041155 A1 DE 4041155A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- lubrication
- filled
- thermoplastic
- synthetic
- additives
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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- C10M113/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickening agent being an inorganic material
- C10M113/10—Clays; Micas
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- C10M113/12—Silica
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- C10M113/16—Inorganic material treated with organic compounds, e.g. coated
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- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
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- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
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- C10M133/12—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N21/00—Conduits; Junctions; Fittings for lubrication apertures
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft Schmierleitungsrohre aus thermoplastischen
Kunststoffen, z. B. für Haupt- und Schmierstellenleitungen von
automatischen Zentralschmieranlagen an Kraftfahrzeugen nach DIN
75 203, die mit konsistenten Schmierfetten vorbefüllt und aus
mindestens zwei Schichten aufgebaut sind, die ihrerseits stoff
schlüssig einheitlich verbunden sind.
Schmierstoffbefüllte Schmierleitungsrohre aus thermoplastischen
Kunststoffen, z. B. aus einschichtigen Polyamidrohren aus PA 11
oder PA 12 nach DIN 73 378, vorbefüllt insbesondere mit konsi
stenten Schmierstoffen, z. B. Fließfetten der NLGI-Klasse 000
bis 00 nach DIN 51 818 auf Mineralölbasis, haben sich für die
Hauptleitungen, auch unter voller Nutzung der für die Rohre
zulässigen Betriebsdrücke und Temperaturen, sowie für die
Schmierstellenleitungen von automatischen Zentralschmieranlagen
von Nutzfahrzeugen seit Jahren im praktischen Dauereinsatz
bewährt; sie stellen damit ein zuverlässiges, montagefreundliches
und kostengünstiges Leitungsrohr für Zentralschmieranlagen der
Verbrauchsschmierung dar (siehe auch DIN 24 271). Die Zuordnung
der Schmierstellenleitungen zu den Einleitungs-, Mehrleitungs
oder Progressiv-Anlagen liegt hierbei im Bereich des Nenndurch
messers DN = 1,5 bis 3,5 mm, für Hauptleitungen zu den Ein
leitungs- oder Progressiv-Anlagen im Bereich des Nenndurch
messers DN = 3,5 bis 8 mm; hinzu kommt die Konsistenz der
Schmierfette, daraus resultierend die Arbeitsdrücke in den
Anlagen und die Wirkart aufgrund ihres konstruktiven Aufbaus.
Ausgehend von diesem bekannten Stand der Technik liegt der
Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, Schmierleitungsrohre zu schaf
fen, die in der Herstellung noch kostengünstiger sind als die
bisherigen, ohne irgendwelche Leistungs- oder Qualitätseinbußen.
Als Nebenforderung kommt hinzu, die Umweltbelastung beim Einsatz
solcher Anlagen zu reduzieren und dies auch bei den Schmier
leitungen bezüglich der vorbefüllten Schmierfette entsprechend
zu berücksichtigen. Erfüllt werden diese Anforderungen durch
folgende Maßnahmen.
Das Rohr wird zweischichtig im Strangpreßverfahren der Koextru
sion gleichzeitig in einem Arbeitsgang im plastifizierten
Zustand beider gleichartiger Materialien stoffschlüssig einheit
lich hergestellt; aufgrund dieses Arbeitsverfahrens und der
chemischen Verwandtschaft der Materialien entsteht ein inniger
stofflicher Verbund in der gesamten Berührungsfläche beider
Materialien. Hierbei wird für die dickwandige Innenschicht eine
kostengünstige Materialqualität verwendet, z. B. Polyamid 6 oder 66.
Diese hat für den vorgesehenen Einsatzfall den Nachteil einer
Gefährdung durch Spannungsrißkorrosion, z. B. infolge Streusalz
einfluß in Verbindung mit verzinkten Anschlußarmaturen der Rohre.
Ein notwendiger und hinreichender Schutz wird dadurch erreicht,
daß eine dünne Außenschicht von ca. 0,1 mm Wanddicke aus
Polyamid 11 oder 12 aufgebracht wird, die nicht spannungsriß
anfällig ist; aus der im übrigen die heute verwendeten ein
schichtigen Schmierleitungsrohre sowie sonstige Sicherheits
leitungen, z. B. solche, die Kraftstoff führen, bestehen.
In den Fällen, in denen verschiedenartiges oder gleichartiges
Material, das durch chemisch-physikalische Einwirkungen im
Sinne der Koextrusion eine Verschiedenartigkeit aufweist (z. B.
Regenerat), kann ebenfalls durch Koextrusion gleichzeitig eine
dünne Schicht eines koextrudierbaren Haftvermittlers zwischen
geschaltet werden, der seinerseits die beiden Ausgangsmaterialien
stoffschlüssig einheitlich miteinander verbindet. Die Wirkung
des Haftvermittlers ist eine Benetzung, um die Oberflächenspan
nung beider Materialien zu reduzieren sowie, aufgrund insbeson
dere einer chemischen Reaktion, beidseitig mit den Materialien
in der Oberflächenschicht, einen innigen stofflichen Verbund
herzustellen.
Die Umweltbelastung kann, neben einer grundsätzlichen Reduzierung
der Schmierstoffmenge pro Reibstelle und pro Zeiteinheit oder pro
Dosierung im Sinne der Minimalmengenschmierung, hierbei nur
durch solche Schmierstoffe reduziert werden, die biologisch
abbaubar sind. Die heutigen Schmierstoffe auf Mineralölbasis
erfüllen diese Anforderungen nicht; in Frage kommen dagegen
natürliche Pflanzenöle oder synthetische Schmierstoffe, sowie
gewisse Kombinationen (z. B. Rapsöl - Diester) für die Grundöle,
soweit diese untereinander chemisch verträglich sind. Ähnliche
Anforderungen gelten analog für die Eindicker sowie fakultativ
für die Additive.
Als besonders vorteilhaft sowohl aus Gründen der Schmierung und
der Förderbarkeit bei Kältetemperaturen als auch der biologischen
Abbaubarkeit von mehr als 90% in 21 Tagen nach dem CEC-Test
L-33-T-82 hat sich die folgende Zusammensetzung von Fließfetten
der NLGI-Klassen 000, 000/00 und 00 ergeben:
- 1. Grundöl aus mindestens einem synthetischen Ester zusammengesetzt
mit einem Massenanteil von insgesamt 76 bis 97,8% bestehend
aus einem
- - mindestens 2-wertigen Alkohol
- - mit einer mindestens 1wertigen gesättigten oder ungesättigten Fettsäure (Diester);
- 2. Eindicker aus einer anorganischen Siliziumverbindung mit
einem Massenanteil von insgesamt 2 bis 20% bestehend aus
- - entweder hochdispersen Kieselsäuren als oleophiles Silizium dioxyd (für Gelfette)
- - oder organophilen Tonerden als oleophobes Aluminiumhydro silikat (für Bentonitfette);
- 3. organische Additive mit einem Massenanteil von je 0,1 bis 2%
- - einerseits aus Aminophosphaten (EP-Zusatz) und
- - andererseits aus Phenolen und/oder Aminen. (Oxydations-/ Korrosionsinhibitoren)
Infrage kommen für die Grundöle zusätzlich Gemische aus den o. a.
Di-Estern und natürlichen Pflanzenölen (z. B. Rapsöl), die mit
einander chemisch verträglich sind, für die Eindicker alternativ
oder zusätzlich entsprechende anorganische Magnesiumverbindungen.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabenstellung erfolgt mit den Merkmalen
des Kennzeichnungsteils von Anspruch 1.
Nachstehend werden zwei Ausführungsformen der Erfindung anhand
der Zeichnung im einzelnen beschrieben; es zeigen
Fig. 1 das mit Fett vorbefüllte zweischichtige Rohr in einem
Längsschnitt,
Fig. 2 das mit Fett vorbefüllte zweischichtige und mit einer
Geflechtslage versehene Rohr; in der oberen Projektion
in einem Längsschnitt, in der unteren in einer Ansicht
der inneren Schicht und der Geflechtslage (ohne Außen
schicht).
In der Fig. 1 ist das Schmierleitungsrohr mit (2) gekennzeichnet;
in ihm befindet sich das Schmierfett (1). Die innere Schicht des
Rohres (2) ist (3), die äußere Schicht (4). Der innere Durch
messer DN des Rohres (2) ist (6); dieser ist abgestimmt auf den
Einsatzzweck und die Wirkart der jeweiligen Zentralschmieranlage.
In der Fig. 2 ist ergänzend zu Fig. 1 zusätzlich eine Geflechts
lage (5) erfaßt, welche die Druckfestigkeit des Rohres (2) erhöht;
sie ist insbesondere für Anlagen mit höheren Arbeitsdrücken,
z. B. nach der Wirkart des Progressiv-Systems, erforderlich.
Weitere abweichende Ausführungsformen, die nicht im einzelnen
beansprucht sind, werden durch die folgenden Merkmale gekenn
zeichnet (Basis Fig. 1):
Form 1 Das mehrschichtige Rohr (2) aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen ist vernetzt (chemisch oder Strahlen-vernetzt).
Form 2 Das mehrschichtige Rohr (2) besteht aus thermoplastischen Olefinen.
Form 1 Das mehrschichtige Rohr (2) aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen ist vernetzt (chemisch oder Strahlen-vernetzt).
Form 2 Das mehrschichtige Rohr (2) besteht aus thermoplastischen Olefinen.
Bezugszeichenliste
1 Schmierfett
2 vorbefülltes Rohr
3 innere Schicht
4 äußere Schicht
5 Geflechtslage
6 Durchmesser DN
2 vorbefülltes Rohr
3 innere Schicht
4 äußere Schicht
5 Geflechtslage
6 Durchmesser DN
Claims (9)
1. Schmierleitungsrohr für Schmierstellen- oder Hauptleitungen
von Zentralschmieranlagen aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen,
das mit einem konsistenten Schmierfett vorbefüllt ist, das
auf synthetischer, teilsynthetischer und/oder natürlicher
Basis des Grundöls und zusätzlich je mit anorganischen oder
organischen Eindickern und Additiven aufgebaut ist und min
destens zu 90% in 21 Tagen nach dem CEC-Test L-33-T-82 bio
logisch abbaubar ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
das Rohr (2) aus mindestens zwei Schichten (3, 4) je eines
gleichartigen thermoplastischen Kunststoffs oder je eines
verschiedenartigen thermoplastischen Kunststoffs unter gleich
zeitiger Zwischenschaltung eines koextrudierbaren Haftver
mittlers besteht, die einheitlich stoffschlüssig nach dem
Verfahren dar Koextrusion verbunden sind und mit Schmierfett
(1) vorbefüllt ist, dessen
synthetisches oder synthetisches und natürliches Grundöl
aus mindestens einem Ester besteht,
der mindestens
- - aus einem 2wertigen Alkohol
- - mit einer mindestens 1wertigen gesättigten oder ungesättigten Fettsäure zusammengesetzt ist (Di-Ester), dessen Massenanteil insgesamt 78 bis 97,8% beträgt,
anorganischer Eindicker
- - aus mindestens einer Siliziumverbindung besteht, deren Massenanteil insgesamt 2 bis 20% beträgt,
und organische Additive
- - einerseits aus Aminophosphaten und
- - andererseits aus Aminen, und/oder Phenolen,
je gesamthaft mit einem Massenanteil von 0,1 bis 2% bestehen.
2. Schmierleitungsrohr nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
das Grundöl aus einem Gemisch eines synthetischan Di-Esters
und einem natürlichen Öl besteht, dessen Massenanteil insge
samt 76 bis 97,8% beträgt.
3. Schmierleitungsrohr nach Anspruch 1 und 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der Eindicker als hochdisperse Kieselsäure aus oleophilem
Siliziumdioxyd besteht.
4. Schmierleitungsrohr nach Anspruch 1 und 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
der Eindicker als organophile Tonerde aus oleophobem Alu
miniumhydrosilikat besteht.
5. Schmierleitungsrohr nach Anspruch 1 und 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
das vorbefüllte Schmierfett (1) einen Infrarot-spektral
analytischen qualitativen Verlauf wie folgt hat:
6. Schmierleitungsrohr nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche
1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Additive aus sekundären Aminen und/oder Alkylphenolen
bestehen.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4041155A DE4041155A1 (de) | 1990-03-03 | 1990-12-21 | Schmierleitungsrohr aus thermoplastischen kunststoffen, befuellt mit einem biologisch abbaubaren schmierfett |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4006732A DE4006732A1 (de) | 1990-03-03 | 1990-03-03 | Schmierstoffbefuelltes schmierleitungsrohr aus thermoplastischen kunststoffen |
DE4041155A DE4041155A1 (de) | 1990-03-03 | 1990-12-21 | Schmierleitungsrohr aus thermoplastischen kunststoffen, befuellt mit einem biologisch abbaubaren schmierfett |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE4041155A1 true DE4041155A1 (de) | 1992-06-25 |
Family
ID=25890755
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DE4041155A Ceased DE4041155A1 (de) | 1990-03-03 | 1990-12-21 | Schmierleitungsrohr aus thermoplastischen kunststoffen, befuellt mit einem biologisch abbaubaren schmierfett |
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DE (1) | DE4041155A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10258504A1 (de) * | 2002-12-14 | 2004-07-08 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Getriebe mit Getriebeölkanälen |
-
1990
- 1990-12-21 DE DE4041155A patent/DE4041155A1/de not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE10258504A1 (de) * | 2002-12-14 | 2004-07-08 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Getriebe mit Getriebeölkanälen |
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