DE4041155A1 - Schmierleitungsrohr aus thermoplastischen kunststoffen, befuellt mit einem biologisch abbaubaren schmierfett - Google Patents

Schmierleitungsrohr aus thermoplastischen kunststoffen, befuellt mit einem biologisch abbaubaren schmierfett

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Publication number
DE4041155A1
DE4041155A1 DE4041155A DE4041155A DE4041155A1 DE 4041155 A1 DE4041155 A1 DE 4041155A1 DE 4041155 A DE4041155 A DE 4041155A DE 4041155 A DE4041155 A DE 4041155A DE 4041155 A1 DE4041155 A1 DE 4041155A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
lubrication
filled
thermoplastic
synthetic
additives
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE4041155A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
P Reinhold Huber
Joachim Fischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Tecalemit GmbH
Original Assignee
Deutsche Tecalemit GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4006732A external-priority patent/DE4006732A1/de
Application filed by Deutsche Tecalemit GmbH filed Critical Deutsche Tecalemit GmbH
Priority to DE4041155A priority Critical patent/DE4041155A1/de
Publication of DE4041155A1 publication Critical patent/DE4041155A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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    • C10M113/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickening agent being an inorganic material
    • C10M113/10—Clays; Micas
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    • C10M113/12—Silica
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    • C10M113/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickening agent being an inorganic material
    • C10M113/16—Inorganic material treated with organic compounds, e.g. coated
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
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    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/12—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N21/00—Conduits; Junctions; Fittings for lubrication apertures
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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Schmierleitungsrohre aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen, z. B. für Haupt- und Schmierstellenleitungen von automatischen Zentralschmieranlagen an Kraftfahrzeugen nach DIN 75 203, die mit konsistenten Schmierfetten vorbefüllt und aus mindestens zwei Schichten aufgebaut sind, die ihrerseits stoff­ schlüssig einheitlich verbunden sind.
Schmierstoffbefüllte Schmierleitungsrohre aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen, z. B. aus einschichtigen Polyamidrohren aus PA 11 oder PA 12 nach DIN 73 378, vorbefüllt insbesondere mit konsi­ stenten Schmierstoffen, z. B. Fließfetten der NLGI-Klasse 000 bis 00 nach DIN 51 818 auf Mineralölbasis, haben sich für die Hauptleitungen, auch unter voller Nutzung der für die Rohre zulässigen Betriebsdrücke und Temperaturen, sowie für die Schmierstellenleitungen von automatischen Zentralschmieranlagen von Nutzfahrzeugen seit Jahren im praktischen Dauereinsatz bewährt; sie stellen damit ein zuverlässiges, montagefreundliches und kostengünstiges Leitungsrohr für Zentralschmieranlagen der Verbrauchsschmierung dar (siehe auch DIN 24 271). Die Zuordnung der Schmierstellenleitungen zu den Einleitungs-, Mehrleitungs­ oder Progressiv-Anlagen liegt hierbei im Bereich des Nenndurch­ messers DN = 1,5 bis 3,5 mm, für Hauptleitungen zu den Ein­ leitungs- oder Progressiv-Anlagen im Bereich des Nenndurch­ messers DN = 3,5 bis 8 mm; hinzu kommt die Konsistenz der Schmierfette, daraus resultierend die Arbeitsdrücke in den Anlagen und die Wirkart aufgrund ihres konstruktiven Aufbaus.
Ausgehend von diesem bekannten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, Schmierleitungsrohre zu schaf­ fen, die in der Herstellung noch kostengünstiger sind als die bisherigen, ohne irgendwelche Leistungs- oder Qualitätseinbußen. Als Nebenforderung kommt hinzu, die Umweltbelastung beim Einsatz solcher Anlagen zu reduzieren und dies auch bei den Schmier­ leitungen bezüglich der vorbefüllten Schmierfette entsprechend zu berücksichtigen. Erfüllt werden diese Anforderungen durch folgende Maßnahmen.
Das Rohr wird zweischichtig im Strangpreßverfahren der Koextru­ sion gleichzeitig in einem Arbeitsgang im plastifizierten Zustand beider gleichartiger Materialien stoffschlüssig einheit­ lich hergestellt; aufgrund dieses Arbeitsverfahrens und der chemischen Verwandtschaft der Materialien entsteht ein inniger stofflicher Verbund in der gesamten Berührungsfläche beider Materialien. Hierbei wird für die dickwandige Innenschicht eine kostengünstige Materialqualität verwendet, z. B. Polyamid 6 oder 66. Diese hat für den vorgesehenen Einsatzfall den Nachteil einer Gefährdung durch Spannungsrißkorrosion, z. B. infolge Streusalz­ einfluß in Verbindung mit verzinkten Anschlußarmaturen der Rohre. Ein notwendiger und hinreichender Schutz wird dadurch erreicht, daß eine dünne Außenschicht von ca. 0,1 mm Wanddicke aus Polyamid 11 oder 12 aufgebracht wird, die nicht spannungsriß­ anfällig ist; aus der im übrigen die heute verwendeten ein­ schichtigen Schmierleitungsrohre sowie sonstige Sicherheits­ leitungen, z. B. solche, die Kraftstoff führen, bestehen.
In den Fällen, in denen verschiedenartiges oder gleichartiges Material, das durch chemisch-physikalische Einwirkungen im Sinne der Koextrusion eine Verschiedenartigkeit aufweist (z. B. Regenerat), kann ebenfalls durch Koextrusion gleichzeitig eine dünne Schicht eines koextrudierbaren Haftvermittlers zwischen­ geschaltet werden, der seinerseits die beiden Ausgangsmaterialien stoffschlüssig einheitlich miteinander verbindet. Die Wirkung des Haftvermittlers ist eine Benetzung, um die Oberflächenspan­ nung beider Materialien zu reduzieren sowie, aufgrund insbeson­ dere einer chemischen Reaktion, beidseitig mit den Materialien in der Oberflächenschicht, einen innigen stofflichen Verbund herzustellen.
Die Umweltbelastung kann, neben einer grundsätzlichen Reduzierung der Schmierstoffmenge pro Reibstelle und pro Zeiteinheit oder pro Dosierung im Sinne der Minimalmengenschmierung, hierbei nur durch solche Schmierstoffe reduziert werden, die biologisch abbaubar sind. Die heutigen Schmierstoffe auf Mineralölbasis erfüllen diese Anforderungen nicht; in Frage kommen dagegen natürliche Pflanzenöle oder synthetische Schmierstoffe, sowie gewisse Kombinationen (z. B. Rapsöl - Diester) für die Grundöle, soweit diese untereinander chemisch verträglich sind. Ähnliche Anforderungen gelten analog für die Eindicker sowie fakultativ für die Additive.
Als besonders vorteilhaft sowohl aus Gründen der Schmierung und der Förderbarkeit bei Kältetemperaturen als auch der biologischen Abbaubarkeit von mehr als 90% in 21 Tagen nach dem CEC-Test L-33-T-82 hat sich die folgende Zusammensetzung von Fließfetten der NLGI-Klassen 000, 000/00 und 00 ergeben:
  • 1. Grundöl aus mindestens einem synthetischen Ester zusammengesetzt mit einem Massenanteil von insgesamt 76 bis 97,8% bestehend aus einem
    • - mindestens 2-wertigen Alkohol
    • - mit einer mindestens 1wertigen gesättigten oder ungesättigten Fettsäure (Diester);
  • 2. Eindicker aus einer anorganischen Siliziumverbindung mit einem Massenanteil von insgesamt 2 bis 20% bestehend aus
    • - entweder hochdispersen Kieselsäuren als oleophiles Silizium­ dioxyd (für Gelfette)
    • - oder organophilen Tonerden als oleophobes Aluminiumhydro­ silikat (für Bentonitfette);
  • 3. organische Additive mit einem Massenanteil von je 0,1 bis 2%
    • - einerseits aus Aminophosphaten (EP-Zusatz) und
    • - andererseits aus Phenolen und/oder Aminen. (Oxydations-/ Korrosionsinhibitoren)
Infrage kommen für die Grundöle zusätzlich Gemische aus den o. a. Di-Estern und natürlichen Pflanzenölen (z. B. Rapsöl), die mit­ einander chemisch verträglich sind, für die Eindicker alternativ oder zusätzlich entsprechende anorganische Magnesiumverbindungen.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabenstellung erfolgt mit den Merkmalen des Kennzeichnungsteils von Anspruch 1.
Nachstehend werden zwei Ausführungsformen der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung im einzelnen beschrieben; es zeigen
Fig. 1 das mit Fett vorbefüllte zweischichtige Rohr in einem Längsschnitt,
Fig. 2 das mit Fett vorbefüllte zweischichtige und mit einer Geflechtslage versehene Rohr; in der oberen Projektion in einem Längsschnitt, in der unteren in einer Ansicht der inneren Schicht und der Geflechtslage (ohne Außen­ schicht).
In der Fig. 1 ist das Schmierleitungsrohr mit (2) gekennzeichnet; in ihm befindet sich das Schmierfett (1). Die innere Schicht des Rohres (2) ist (3), die äußere Schicht (4). Der innere Durch­ messer DN des Rohres (2) ist (6); dieser ist abgestimmt auf den Einsatzzweck und die Wirkart der jeweiligen Zentralschmieranlage.
In der Fig. 2 ist ergänzend zu Fig. 1 zusätzlich eine Geflechts­ lage (5) erfaßt, welche die Druckfestigkeit des Rohres (2) erhöht; sie ist insbesondere für Anlagen mit höheren Arbeitsdrücken, z. B. nach der Wirkart des Progressiv-Systems, erforderlich.
Weitere abweichende Ausführungsformen, die nicht im einzelnen beansprucht sind, werden durch die folgenden Merkmale gekenn­ zeichnet (Basis Fig. 1):
Form 1 Das mehrschichtige Rohr (2) aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen ist vernetzt (chemisch oder Strahlen-vernetzt).
Form 2 Das mehrschichtige Rohr (2) besteht aus thermoplastischen Olefinen.
Bezugszeichenliste
 1 Schmierfett
 2 vorbefülltes Rohr
 3 innere Schicht
 4 äußere Schicht
 5 Geflechtslage
 6 Durchmesser DN

Claims (9)

1. Schmierleitungsrohr für Schmierstellen- oder Hauptleitungen von Zentralschmieranlagen aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen, das mit einem konsistenten Schmierfett vorbefüllt ist, das auf synthetischer, teilsynthetischer und/oder natürlicher Basis des Grundöls und zusätzlich je mit anorganischen oder organischen Eindickern und Additiven aufgebaut ist und min­ destens zu 90% in 21 Tagen nach dem CEC-Test L-33-T-82 bio­ logisch abbaubar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr (2) aus mindestens zwei Schichten (3, 4) je eines gleichartigen thermoplastischen Kunststoffs oder je eines verschiedenartigen thermoplastischen Kunststoffs unter gleich­ zeitiger Zwischenschaltung eines koextrudierbaren Haftver­ mittlers besteht, die einheitlich stoffschlüssig nach dem Verfahren dar Koextrusion verbunden sind und mit Schmierfett (1) vorbefüllt ist, dessen synthetisches oder synthetisches und natürliches Grundöl aus mindestens einem Ester besteht, der mindestens
  • - aus einem 2wertigen Alkohol
  • - mit einer mindestens 1wertigen gesättigten oder ungesättigten Fettsäure zusammengesetzt ist (Di-Ester), dessen Massenanteil insgesamt 78 bis 97,8% beträgt,
anorganischer Eindicker
  • - aus mindestens einer Siliziumverbindung besteht, deren Massenanteil insgesamt 2 bis 20% beträgt,
und organische Additive
  • - einerseits aus Aminophosphaten und
  • - andererseits aus Aminen, und/oder Phenolen,
je gesamthaft mit einem Massenanteil von 0,1 bis 2% bestehen.
2. Schmierleitungsrohr nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Grundöl aus einem Gemisch eines synthetischan Di-Esters und einem natürlichen Öl besteht, dessen Massenanteil insge­ samt 76 bis 97,8% beträgt.
3. Schmierleitungsrohr nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Eindicker als hochdisperse Kieselsäure aus oleophilem Siliziumdioxyd besteht.
4. Schmierleitungsrohr nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Eindicker als organophile Tonerde aus oleophobem Alu­ miniumhydrosilikat besteht.
5. Schmierleitungsrohr nach Anspruch 1 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das vorbefüllte Schmierfett (1) einen Infrarot-spektral­ analytischen qualitativen Verlauf wie folgt hat:
6. Schmierleitungsrohr nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Additive aus sekundären Aminen und/oder Alkylphenolen bestehen.
DE4041155A 1990-03-03 1990-12-21 Schmierleitungsrohr aus thermoplastischen kunststoffen, befuellt mit einem biologisch abbaubaren schmierfett Ceased DE4041155A1 (de)

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DE4006732A DE4006732A1 (de) 1990-03-03 1990-03-03 Schmierstoffbefuelltes schmierleitungsrohr aus thermoplastischen kunststoffen
DE4041155A DE4041155A1 (de) 1990-03-03 1990-12-21 Schmierleitungsrohr aus thermoplastischen kunststoffen, befuellt mit einem biologisch abbaubaren schmierfett

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10258504A1 (de) * 2002-12-14 2004-07-08 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Getriebe mit Getriebeölkanälen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10258504A1 (de) * 2002-12-14 2004-07-08 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Getriebe mit Getriebeölkanälen

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