DE3933708C2 - Gate operator - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a door operator for opening and Closing a gate, especially a garage door, its undivided or in particular. Door leaf divided into sections towards its height or width to open or close ver is guided.

It is known to use gates, e.g. B. garage or hall gates, specifically Up-and-over doors, overhead sectional doors that open when opened are slid under the garage ceiling, sliding gates leading to the Side, as well as rotary gates and side sectional gates that are also opened and closed to the side, automatically with gate operators that are manually or remotely controlled are opening and closing. For swing gates and for Ceiling sectional doors that move in the direction of their height are stored, the same motor Toran can drive used. Sliding gates, rotary gates and above all Sectional side gates that face the width of the door leaf have to be moved - because they run in a curve - usually have different drives than the former, which of Disadvantage is.  

The known garage door drives have a drive unit with a guide rail arrangement, in particular a single running rail (AT-PS 388 413, DE-GM 69 22 383) or with two tracks (US-PS 2,520,855) on, on or in which a drive carriage running over a sprung or unsprung Connecting element, e.g. B. a handlebar, sometimes a push rod called, centered on the upper edge of the door leaf pulling or pushing. With motor-driven opening and Closing with these gate operators occurs individually or together Problems on.

When opening and closing garage doors, especially from Up-and-over doors, the door leaf tends to depending on the type of door or installation Lurch and for noise. For large gates and particularly heavy gates, e.g. B. for halls or hangars that must have a displacement of up to 6 meters a guide rail should be particularly stable, what is complex. It is known for large folding garage doors (US-PS 2,936,830) to pull these up with two pull ropes in front of the point of attack at the bottom of the bottom door leaf fork so that to avoid canting the Opening force is initiated at a total of four places. For normal car garage doors are not suitable for such cable drives, because in addition to a power drive in the closed position also one Protection against tearing a rope must also be provided got to.

Usual door drives with a guide rail always form one Transport unit and are therefore very bulky, usually at least 4 to 6 meters long. One has already gone over to one to divide such a guide rail once, but it is also a guide rail with a length of more than 2 meters bulky. The constructions are so far that the connection the guide rail parts at the construction site cumbersome and can be expensive.  

Must have a door operator for special reasons in the manufacturing plant or extended at the customer later, this is also construction and time consuming because of the special tracks either do not exist or, should it do be complex to adapt and install.

Because also the ones required to drive the carriage Drive chains, toothed belts or V-belts must be extended, procurement and installation problems also occur here. Furthermore these drive elements are not extendable, if intermediate storage should not be provided.  

For safety reasons, motorized gates In particular, up-and-over doors and side sectional doors are becoming increasingly common a so-called safety contact rail on or near the Edge requires that when closing first on people or Objects can hit to turn off the drive motor to initiate. These have the problem of elec trical connection of the contact rail via the door leaf with the control device of the drive motor.

Known drives with guide rails and connecting links between slide and door leaf, i.e. with push rod or the like, are only suitable for the previous version linear gate movements. So z. B. Side sectional doors Several wings are made up of the gate opening around a curve run parallel to the side wall of the garage. These are only with expensive, additional aids, e.g. B. an additional Wing or part thereof, movable in and out of the curve.

With wide side sectional gates, usually in two gate leaves in the middle, are divided in the previous constructions two completely separate door drives required.

The invention has for its object an improved To create gate drive for the gates mentioned, which the mentioned defects largely no longer adhere.

Gate drives that solve this task are with their design marked in the claims.

Both the guide rail arrangement and the connection between the motorized sled with the gate sheet can be designed such that even in itself light construction a stable and easy operation every gate wing is possible.  

In the case of ceiling gates, the door leaf, in particular, is no longer how usual, usually in the middle with only one connecting element, e.g. B. a pull-push rod (handlebars), but instead are there one point of attack in the middle of the upper edge of the door leaf at least two spaced attack points are provided, each be 40 to 100 cm apart from each other according to the door leaf width can. There is either a verb at each of the points of attack dungselement, z. B. a rod (handlebar), articulated, or it is a triangular bar association is provided, one corner point at Sledge and its two other corner points on the door leaf are directing. In the case of small gates, a triangular association can also be used folded connection, similar to a gusset plate, the connection between the top edge of the gate and the slide.

With particularly large and heavy gates, it is usually not sufficient to lurch the door leaf and / or the sled when To open and close or to evade it laterally prevent guiding the sled on a light tube or Make profile bar. Especially for such cases - but useful even with smaller gates - is therefore according to the invention provided the guide rail arrangement from two to each other to form parallel guide rails. The sledge is going through a drive element, in particular a steel cable or the like. and moved, conveniently between the two Rails runs. This arrangement is easy to set up without affecting the desired stability of movement is done.

The distance of the guide rails or tubes depends on the Door width and is expediently 30 depending on the size of the door up to 100 cm.

In this embodiment, it is advantageous if the Schlit ten has longitudinal openings on its outside, so that fastening Supply and support parts for the rails can be attached to them and the sled can run between the rails. The  Guide rails or pipe guides are so often under a garage ceiling or the like can be laterally suspended, such as this is necessary for reasons of stability. Of course he can Carriage in other areas be component-free, so that Befes and support parts from below or between the sledges attack them.

If the guide rails or tubes have a certain length step, they should go to the building or garage several times ceiling to be anchored. For this purpose, all pipe parts have corresponding Holes for attaching anchors. Because the sled are open on the two long sides or elsewhere, they can slide past such fixings.

The guide rail arrangement must always be longer than that for opening or closing of the gate required displacement. So that the guide arrangement is not bulky during transport or raises other problems is leadership training seemed appropriate, in which these consist of pluggable sections, in particular. Pipe sections (plug-in pipes) are assembled. The Sections can have lengths of about 1 m and in themselves commercially available pipes. Are on one side such tubes are cylindrically tapered so that they can be manually in the other tube, like tent poles can be inserted. It is sufficient usually when they mesh about 6 cm. Preferably ver you use round or square tubes, if other profiles can be used. The transitions at the joint are to be designed in such a way that the sled glide over them without interference or - can roll.

With a relaxed drive element (e.g. steel cable) it should be possible Lich, 10 to 14 tube or profile sections next to each other other in a box. At the construction site complete guide rail arrangement in less than 5 minutes constructed by joining the plug-in tube sections. It is a steel cable easily in the sled between the motor drive  and inserted a pulley near the door opening. To this The way is a guide rail arrangement with a length of 4 to 6 m shortened to a transport unit with a length of approx. 120 cm.

Must have a guide rail arrangement of the door operator the reasons for which are extended on the construction site is at such a construction possible without any problems. It will be easy in the insertion tube section a further insertion tube or commercially available pipe of the same inside and outside diameter added. In addition to sawing off such a piece of pipe is on the Nothing to change the tube slide guide. To extend also no pipe section drawn in at one end is required, because of the originally supplied stub tubes this always be inserted into the extension tube with its taper can.

The steel cable held together by a turnbuckle it can be a commercial one, a Ver enlargement replaced by a longer standard steel cable. The turnbuckle of the replaced rope also connects the new one Rope. By tensioning the rope the put together Pipes held together.

Chain, toothed or V-belt drives, where the Chain, toothed or V-belt drive elements are in motion not easily extendable, since they are of a certain length have to be supported one or more times as they pass through otherwise the dead weight would sag too much.

The safety contact rail that is increasingly required This brings swing, sectional or side gates Problem of power supply from the contact rail over the itself moving door leaf to the garage ceiling at the motor fixed mon engine control. For this reason, inventions be provided according to the invention that as a current transmission element the drive element, e.g. B. the steel cable is provided. This  is at the two ends with a commercially available rope tensioner (Turnbuckle) tensioned with left and right hand thread. Carrier of the slide and actuators for limit switches Motor controls for limiting the opening path are on the Rope can be moved and adjusted, and preferably made of art fabric provided.

In this construction, the electrically conductive is running Drive element for reasons of current conduction via plastic roll or fully insulated rolls and does not come at any point of the Drive connected to metallic parts. The steel cable z. B. connected to the positive pole of the DC power supply, while the guide tubes expediently ge as a neutral conductor are switched. A reverse polarity or a drive with However, alternating current of this low voltage is also possible. Both cables of the safety contact strip carry 24 volts and are therefore only up to the wall mounting of the drive to guide the upper edge of the door leaf. A cable comes with the guide tube connected to the slide while another cable to a sanding brush along which the movable steel cable runs grinds, can be guided. The cable for feeding the Electricity to the motor can pass from the lintel through a guide tube be led directly to the engine.

Neither in the on nor in the off state of the The door operator could touch the steel cable and the guide an undesirable short circuit or a switching current surge arise.

If the guide rail and the drive element (steel cable) a cumbersome, unsightly and expensive cable routing from the safety contact strip to the motor control terminal block of the door drive motor.

The connecting element between the slide and the top edge of the door leaf is especially for rotary gates, which usually consist of several There are wings, on the sled and preferably on the first Sliding sash can be rotated and swiveled on all sides.  

In the case of side sectional doors divided approximately in the middle with one The overall width of about 4 m is designed as a door operator before that the approximately horizontally laid guide rails about run at right angles to the gate opening and that between the Joint and one connecting link each half of the door leaf hen is. These advantageously intersect in the area of the slide to securely close the gate completely can. When the gate is opened, they open on the slide articulated connecting link scissors-like and close vice versa when closing the gate.

With wider and larger side sectional doors, however, it is useful if the guide rails parallel to the door opening run and the sled in two opposite directions driven halves is divided, each over one Link arm attacks on one half of the door. On the thus run a guide rail arrangement, driven by the one steel cable between the drive motor or its Pulley and a pulley runs, both sled halves, one with the one strand and the other with the other strand of the steel cable is connected.

Embodiments of the invention are based on a drawing explained in more detail, in which shows:

Fig. 1 in oblique perspective view of a garage with a swing right angles to the door leaf mounted under a garage ceiling door drive,

Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the carriage of the Toran drive according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 3, two push-fit pipe sections of a guide tube,

Fig. 4 shows a section of a steel cord for driving the carriage with a driver for the slide and with a switch actuator,

Fig. 5 is an oblique partial perspective view of the door drive for a centrally geteilts side sectional door,

Fig. 6 is a partial perspective view of a door operator with split carriage for a wide side sectional door and

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the door operator according to Fig. 6 and

Fig. 8 is an oblique perspective partial view of a Toran drive for a one-piece side sectional door.

The garage door of FIG. 1 is mechanics without lateral guiding, illustrated for the door leaf 2, which can include a door opening 1 to ver. A door drive 3 is provided below the garage ceiling. It comprises a guide rail arrangement of two parallel, approximately 30 cm spaced th guide rails 5th It is on the one hand above the gate lintel in a holding bracket 6 , which also receives a deflection roller 7 , on the other hand at a distance from the gate opening in a drive housing 8 under the garage ceiling, which receives the drive motor, which drives a pulley 9 via a gear. An endless drive steel cable 10 runs over these between the guide rails 5 . The ends of the steel cable are connected to a turnbuckle 12 . In addition, the steel rope has a driver 15 shown in FIG. 4, with which it can be connected to a slide 16 which is displaceably mounted on the guide rails 5 and which also includes the emergency release, and a switch actuating element 18 which can be locked on the rope. In an emergency, the connection between the sled and the rope can be unlocked by hand, as is known and required by law. The carriage is provided with two connecting elements 20 and 21 connected to it on both sides, which lead obliquely outwards to the upper edge of the door leaf and are fastened or articulated there at connecting points 22 and 23 .

A cross-section through the carriage is shown in FIG. 2, which shows that the carriage 16, which consists of an upper part 25 and a lower part 26 and an angled central support 27 , overlaps the guide rails 5 from the inside, but leaves a lateral opening 30 on the outside, so that lateral mounting bracket 31 (see. Fig. 8) can be screwed to mounting holes 32 with which the guide rails 5 are held under the garage ceiling. Furthermore, a claw 33 is indicated, which can be coupled to the driver 15 on the drive steel cable 10 and, since it is pivotably mounted on an axis 34 , can be unlocked by pulling on the outer end of a lever 35 in order to release the connection to the drive steel cable. Power lines 36 to the door drive motor are laid within the guide rail 5 .

As can be seen from Fig. 1, the sliding of the carriage 16 leads to the gate, driven by the gate drive motor via the steel cable 10 to close the gate, while a drive in the opposite direction opens the gate. Both the guidance of the slide and the connection to the door leaf is stable and leads to a smooth running of the door leaf without this getting into swaying or chattering.

The running or guide rails 5 can expediently be constructed from plug-in tube sections 37 which have a taper 38 at one end, see FIG. Fig. 3, wherein appropriately mounting holes 31 are provided to which ceiling beams or the like. Can be attached.

In an approximately centrally divided side sectional door, as shown in Fig. 5, a modified design of the connecting elements between the carriage and the two door leaf halves 40 and 41 is provided. When opening, both halves of the door must be moved in the opposite direction, as well as when closing. In order to achieve this, two links or connec tion elements 43 and 44 , preferably pairs of parallel connec tion elements are provided, which are each articulated obliquely to the carriage 16 . These cross each other in the area of the slide to ensure that the gate can also be closed completely. In theory, such a laterally offset articulation of the elements 43 and 44 and crossing is not necessary. They only have to be articulated at a sufficient distance from the door leaf halves 40 and 41 so that even in the closed position the elements 43 and 44 are still at an angle to the gate leaf plane. Otherwise the same design and arrangement of the door drive as that of FIG. 1.

Even if a steel cable 10 is preferred as the drive element for the carriage 16 for the reasons explained, a toothed belt or a chain can of course also be used as the drive means having the same effect.

In the case of very large side sectional doors, such as one shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, it is expedient to divide the door leaf and the slide into two halves and to arrange the guide rail arrangement parallel to the door leaf or to the gate opening. Since the formation of the guide rail arrangement, the guide rails and the door drive motor with the rope pulley and the deflection roller has no special features, these are not shown again. On the two guide rails 5 each run two sled halves 50 and 51 , of which the slider half which moves the gate to the right in the illustration is releasably connected to one strand 52 of the rope 10 and the other carriage 51 to the other strand 53 of the rope. In this arrangement, each half of the door is connected obliquely to the upper edge of the door with a link or a push rod 54 or 55 , so that the force transmission has a small transverse component to the door leaf level.

In the one-piece Side sliding of FIG. 8, the guide rail arrangement also extends parallel to the lintel and is provided as a connecting element to the first Torblattsektion 58 only a handlebar 59, because it interferes with the running-in since union circular arc of the guide rail 60 at least.

The control of the drive motor can be done in a conventional manner be made, d. H. manually or remotely operated.

A description of the construction of the overhead door according to FIG. 1 or side sectional doors according to FIGS. 6 to 8 is dispensed with, since they are known in different embodiments.

Claims (8)

1.Gate drive for opening and closing a garage door, the undivided or, in particular divided into sections of the door leaf is guided in the direction of its height or width, especially for up-and-over doors, in which on a guide rail arrangement with two mutually parallel guide rails ( 5 ) Carriage ( 16 ) is displaceably guided by a drive element, in particular steel cable, can be driven by a motor in the opposite direction and is connected to the door leaf via push-pull connecting elements in such a way that it is carried along when the carriage is displaced, characterized in that a connecting element is provided between the slide (16) and door leaf (2) which is spaced at least two locations (22, 23) is connected to the door leaf (2). 2. Door drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive carriage ( 16 ) with two spaced rods ( 20, 21; 43, 44; 54, 55 ) is connected to the door leaf ( 2 ). 3. Door drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive carriage ( 16 ) is connected to the door leaf ( 2 ) via a triangular bar association. 4. Gate drive for rotary doors according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized, that the connecting element over an angle of more than 60 ° is pivotally articulated on the door leaf to both when opening and even when closing only as a push or only as a pulling element the door leaf to work. 5. Gate drive for a gate, esp. Sectional door, with a door leaf divided vertically in two halves according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each horizontally arranged guide rail ( 5 ) extends approximately at right angles to the door opening and that between the slide ( 16 ) and a connecting link ( 43, 44 ) is provided for each door leaf half ( 40, 41 ). 6. Gate drive for a gate, esp. Sectional gate, with a vertically divided door leaf according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each horizontally extending guide rail ( 5 ) runs parallel to the door opening and that the carriage in two in opposite directions driven halves ( 40, 41 ) is subdivided, each engaging via a connecting link ( 54, 55 ) on the upper edge of the door leaf half. 7. Door drive according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the carriage ( 16 ) on its outside has longitudinal openings ( 30 ) and the guide rails ( 5 ) only encompasses so far that fastening and support parts for the rails can be fastened to them are. 8. Door drive according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each guide rail ( 5 ) is composed of pluggable sections, in particular pipe sections ( 37 ).