DE374835C - Process for purifying crude anthracene - Google Patents

Process for purifying crude anthracene

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Publication number
DE374835C
DE374835C DEK64846D DEK0064846D DE374835C DE 374835 C DE374835 C DE 374835C DE K64846 D DEK64846 D DE K64846D DE K0064846 D DEK0064846 D DE K0064846D DE 374835 C DE374835 C DE 374835C
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
anthracene
carbazole
potassium
caustic potash
naphtha
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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DEK64846D
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German (de)
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Kinzlberger & Comp
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Kinzlberger & Comp
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Publication date
Application filed by Kinzlberger & Comp filed Critical Kinzlberger & Comp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE374835C publication Critical patent/DE374835C/en
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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C7/00Purification; Separation; Use of additives
    • C07C7/148Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound
    • C07C7/14833Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound with metals or their inorganic compounds
    • C07C7/1485Purification; Separation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound with metals or their inorganic compounds oxides; hydroxides; salts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2603/00Systems containing at least three condensed rings
    • C07C2603/02Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems
    • C07C2603/04Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings
    • C07C2603/22Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings containing only six-membered rings
    • C07C2603/24Anthracenes; Hydrogenated anthracenes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Indole Compounds (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Reinigung von Rohanthracen. Die bekannten Verfahren, Rohanthracen mittels Kalihydrats von Carbazol zu befreien, sind in der Patentschrift 178764 ausführlich besprochen und den älteren Verfahren dasjenige als das vorteilhafteste entgegengestellt, welches auf dem Schmelzen von Rohanthracen mit Ätzkali und darauffolgendem Abdestillieren des Anthracens im Vakuum beruht.Process for the purification of crude anthracene. The known procedures To free crude anthracene from carbazole by means of potassium hydrate, are in the patent 178764 discussed in detail and the older method considered the most advantageous opposed, which is based on the melting of raw anthracene with caustic potash and the following Distilling off the anthracene is based in vacuo.

Allen diesen Verfahren, einschließlich des , Verfahrens der Patentschrift 178764, ist die Verwendung hoher Temperaturen gemeinsam. Die Patentschrift 111359 empfiehlt die Temperatur von 26o'; bei dem Verfahren der Patentschrift 178764 wird das Anthracen von der Carbazolkaliumschmelze im Vakuum abdestilliert, was ebenfalls eine Temperatur von weit über 20o° erfordert. Beilstein, Handbuch der organischen Chemie 1899, Band IV, Seite 390, gibt die Temperatur, bei der Carbazolkalium aus Carbazol-und Kalihydrat entsteht, mit 22o bis 240° an.All of these processes, including the process of the patent specification 178764, the use of high temperatures is common. Patent 111359 recommends the temperature of 26o '; in the method of patent 178764 is the anthracene is distilled off from the carbazole potassium melt in vacuo, which also requires a temperature of well over 20o °. Beilstein, Handbook of Organic Chemie 1899, Volume IV, Page 390, gives the temperature at which carbazole potassium Carbazole and potassium hydrate arise at 22o to 240 °.

Diesen Angaben gegenüber liegt der Erfindung die überraschende Beobachtung zugrunde, daß Carbazolkalium aus Carbazol und Kalihydrat in quantitativer Ausbeute bei viel niedrigeren Temperaturen entsteht, wenn man so verfährt, daß man Carbazol, mit Kalihydrat gemengt, bei Gegenwart eines Lösungsmittels für Carbazol und Anthracen, z. B. Kohlenwasserstoffen, so lange kocht, bis die Bildung des Carbazolkaliums beendet ist. Es ist auf diese Weise möglich, schon beim Siedepunkt des Toluols Carbazolkalium darzustellen. Auf Grund dieser Beobachtung kann man das Carbazol aus dem Rohanthracen quantitativ abscheiden.In contrast to this information, the invention is based on the surprising observation based on that carbazole potassium from carbazole and potassium hydrate in quantitative yield at much lower temperatures, if one proceeds in such a way that one uses carbazole, mixed with potassium hydrate, in the presence of a solvent for carbazole and anthracene, z. B. hydrocarbons, boils until the formation of carbazole potassium ends is. It is possible in this way, even at the boiling point of toluene carbazole potassium to represent. On the basis of this observation one can extract the carbazole from the raw anthracene separate quantitatively.

Durch die niedrige Temperatur vermeidet man die Verluste, welche nach den Verfahren der erwähnten Patentschriften unvermeidlich sind.The low temperature avoids the losses, which after the procedures of the patents mentioned are inevitable.

Das bei der Reaktion entstehende Wasser kann man vorteilhaft, gemengt mit dem Lösungsmittel, abdestillieren, oder man kann größere Mengen von Ätzkali in Anwendung bringen, wobei dann das überschüssige Ätzkali das Wasser aufnimmt und festhält.The water formed in the reaction can advantageously be mixed with the solvent, distill off, or you can use larger amounts of caustic potash bring into use, in which case the excess caustic potash absorbs the water and holds on.

Beispiel I.Example I.

Rohanthracen von 53,4 Prozent Anthracengehalt wird durch Umlösen in Naphtha vom Siedepunkt 145' gereinigt. Man erhält halbgereinigtes Anthracen von 70 Prozent Anthracengehalt.Raw anthracene with an anthracene content of 53.4 percent is purified by dissolving it in naphtha with a boiling point of 145 '. Semi-purified anthracene with an anthracene content of 70 percent is obtained.

Zoo Gewichtsteile dieses 70prozentigen Anthracens werden mit 3o Gewichtsteilen gepulvertem Ätzkali von 75 Prozent und 30o Gewichtsteilen Naphtha vom Siedepunkt 145' so lange unter Rühren gekocht, als Wasser gemengt, mit Naphtha übergeht. Gegebenenfalls muß die abdestillierte Naphtha durch Zufiießenlassen frischer Naphtha ersetzt werden, damit das Anthracen sicher in Lösung bleibt. Das Carbazolkalium scheidet sich nach und nach als schwerer, sandiger Niederschlag ab. Ist die Reaktion beendet, so wird die heiße Anthracenlösung abgezogen und liefert nach dem Erkalten ein Anthracen, das, abgenutscht und von der Naphtha getrennt, einen Reinheitsgrad von weit über go Prozent aufweist und keine Spur von Carbazol enthält. Das Carbazolkalium wird mit Wasserdampf von der Naphtha befreit und gleichzeitig in Carbazol und Kalihydrat zerlegt. Auf diese Weise gelingt es, bei Temperaturen, welche leicht durch indirekte Dampfheizung erreichbar sind, in einfachster Weise das Anthracen und das Carbazol beinahe ohne Verluste und in vorzüglicher Reinheit voneinander zu trennen und darzustellen.Zoo parts by weight of this 70 percent anthracene are mixed with 3o parts by weight powdered caustic potash of 75 percent and 30o parts by weight of naphtha from the boiling point 145 'boiled with stirring as long as water is mixed with naphtha. Possibly the distilled naphtha must go through Pour in fresh naphtha replaced so that the anthracene remains safely in solution. The carbazole potassium gradually separates out as heavy, sandy precipitation. Is the reaction finished, the hot anthracene solution is drawn off and delivers after cooling an anthracene that, sucked off and separated from the naphtha, has a degree of purity of well over go percent and contains no trace of carbazole. The carbazole potassium is freed from the naphtha with steam and at the same time in carbazole and potassium hydrate disassembled. In this way it is possible at temperatures which are easily due to indirect Steam heating can be achieved, in the simplest possible way, the anthracene and the carbazole to be separated and presented with almost no loss and in excellent purity.

Nimmt man im obigen Beispiel die doppelte Menge von Ätzkali, so erhält man am Rückflußkühler und sogar bei Temperaturen unter dem Siedepunkt des angewendeten Lösungsmittels eine vollständige Trennung von Anthracen und Carbazol. Man kann aber diese Trennung auch mit der dort angewendeten Menge von Ätzkali am Rückflußkühler durchführen, braucht aber viel längere Zeit, um das Ätzkali in ausreichender Weise in Reaktion zu bringen.If you take twice the amount of caustic potash in the above example, you get one on the reflux condenser and even at temperatures below the boiling point of the applied Solvent a complete separation of anthracene and carbazole. But you can this separation also with the amount of caustic potash used there on the reflux condenser carry out, but it takes much longer time to sufficiently remove the caustic potash to bring in reaction.

Beispiel II.Example II.

15o Gewichtsteile Rohanthracen von etwa 50 Prozent Anthracengehalt werden mittels Steinkohlenteernaphthas vom Siedepunkt 13o° gereinigt und die erhaltene Pasta, welche das Anthracen etwa 7oprozentig enthält, mit Zoo bis 3oo Gewichtsteilen Naphtha und 6o Gewichtsteilen Ätzkall von 8o Prozent einige Stunden unter gutem Rühren auf i2o° erwärmt. Die Aufarbeitung erfolgt wie im Beispiel I beschrieben. Das Anthracen ist frei von Carbazol, das Carbazol frei von Anthracen.150 parts by weight of raw anthracene with about 50 percent anthracene content are purified using coal tar naphthas with a boiling point of 130 °, and the resulting pasta, which contains about 7% anthracene, is heated with up to 300 parts by weight of naphtha and 60 parts by weight of 80 percent caustic potash for a few hours to 12 ° with thorough stirring . Working up is carried out as described in Example I. The anthracene is free from carbazole, the carbazole free from anthracene.

Claims (2)

PATENT-ANSPRÜCHE. i. Verfahren zur Reinigung von Rohanthracen mit Hilfe von Ätzkali, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man Rohanthracen in einem indifferenten Lösungsmittel mit Ätzkali auf Temperaturen unterhalb 2oo° erwärmt. PATENT CLAIMS. i. Process for the purification of crude anthracene with Help of caustic potash, characterized in that one raw anthracene in an indifferent Solvent heated with caustic potash to temperatures below 2oo °. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man Rohanthracen in einem indifferenten Lösungsmittel unter Abdestillieren von Wasser kocht.2. Procedure according to claim i, characterized in that raw anthracene is used in an indifferent Solvent boils while distilling off water.
DEK64846D 1916-10-30 1917-10-10 Process for purifying crude anthracene Expired DE374835C (en)

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AT374835X 1916-10-30

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DE374835C true DE374835C (en) 1923-04-28

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