DE3717609A1 - Suction moulding process for the production of articles from highly contaminated recycled thermoplastics - Google Patents
Suction moulding process for the production of articles from highly contaminated recycled thermoplasticsInfo
- Publication number
- DE3717609A1 DE3717609A1 DE19873717609 DE3717609A DE3717609A1 DE 3717609 A1 DE3717609 A1 DE 3717609A1 DE 19873717609 DE19873717609 DE 19873717609 DE 3717609 A DE3717609 A DE 3717609A DE 3717609 A1 DE3717609 A1 DE 3717609A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- mass
- pistons
- vibrations
- sawtooth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/10—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated venting means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
- B29C45/56—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using mould parts movable during or after injection, e.g. injection-compression moulding
- B29C45/568—Applying vibrations to the mould parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
- B29C45/58—Details
- B29C45/585—Vibration means for the injection unit or parts thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
- B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
- B29C2791/008—Using vibrations during moulding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/26—Scrap or recycled material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Saugformverfahren zum Herstellen von Gegenständen aus thermoplastischen, sehr verunreinigten Recycling-Kunststoffen und einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a suction molding process for Manufacture objects from thermoplastic, very contaminated recycled plastics and a device to carry out the method according to the preamble of Claim 1.
Es ist ein Verfahren bekanntgeworden, Recycling-Material, das vorwiegend aus Thermoplasten, Duroplasten, durchsetzt mit Verunreinigungen, besteht, nach Verbringung in den thermoplastischen Bereichen durch bloßes Umformen mittels Pressen in die durch die Form vorgegebene Gestalt gebracht wird.A process has become known, recycling material, which mainly consists of thermoplastics, thermosets with impurities, after moving to the thermoplastic areas by mere shaping by means of Presses brought into the shape given by the shape becomes.
Dieses Verfahren hat jedoch den Nachteil, daß durch das gewaltsame Verpressen besonders in dickwandigen Teil bereichen unkontrollierte Spannungen eingebaut werden, die nach dem Erkalten das fertige Teil durch Verwinden unbrauchbar machen können. Durch eine sehr lange Verweilzeit in der relativ teueren Form können diese Verspannungen zwar auf ein Mindestmaß begrenzt werden, aber man muß dabei die unwirtschaftliche, längere Taktzeit in Kauf nehmen.However, this method has the disadvantage that violent pressing especially in thick-walled part areas of uncontrolled voltages are installed, which after cooling the finished part by twisting can make useless. Because of a very long dwell time in the relatively expensive form, these tensions can be kept to a minimum, but you have to accept the uneconomical, longer cycle times.
Es sind ferner Verfahren bekannt, durch abgewandelte Spritzgießmethoden das thermoplastische Material mit hohem Druck durch eine Düse in die Form hineinzupressen, wobei jedoch durch das sehr zähflüssige Material mit größer werdender Flächenausdehnung und größer werdendem Abstand von der Einspritzdüse Grenzen gesetzt sind.Methods are also known, by modified Injection molding the thermoplastic material with high Pressing pressure into the mold through a nozzle, whereby however, due to the very viscous material with larger increasing surface area and increasing distance limits are set by the injector.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, auch Formen mit größerer Flächenausdehnung mit stark verunreinigten Materialien, die eventuell auch mit nicht thermoplastischen Füllstoffen stark durchsetzt sein können, vollkommen auszufüllen, ohne daß beim Erkalten Verspannungen entstehen. The object of the invention is also to mold with larger Surface expansion with heavily contaminated materials, possibly with non-thermoplastic fillers can be heavily interspersed, to fill out completely without that tensions arise when cooling.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch den kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This task is carried out by the characteristic part of the Claim 1 solved.
Das in einem Walzenextruder oder Knetwerk homogenisierte und auf thermoplastische Temperatur gebrachte Recycling- Material wird in einen oder mehreren Massezylindern ein gefüllt und durch leichtem Druck mittels Kolben durch verhältnismäßig große Einlaßöffnungen in die unter Unter druck stehende Form eingebracht. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß auch zähflüssiges und stark verunreinigtes Recycling- Material großflächige Formen vollkommen ausfüllen kann.That homogenized in a roller extruder or kneader and recycling brought to thermoplastic temperature Material is placed in one or more mass cylinders filled and by light pressure with a piston relatively large inlet openings in the under sub pressurized form introduced. This ensures that even viscous and heavily contaminated recycling Material can completely fill large forms.
Um den Fluß des Materials weiter zu verbessern, kann die Formenkörperplatte während des Einfüllvorganges in die form in genau definierte sägezahnähnliche Schwingungen versetzt werden. Ferner kann der bzw. können die Kolben ebenfalls in genau definierte sägezahnähnliche Schwingungen versetzt werden. Die Schwingungen können sowohl in verti kaler als auch in horizontaler Ebene durchgeführt werden. Diese Schwingungen begünstigen das Fließvermögen des zähflüssigen Recycling-Materials und tragen dazu bei, großflächige und komplizierte Formen vollkommen auzu füllen.To further improve the flow of the material, the Mold body plate during the filling process in the shape into precisely defined sawtooth-like vibrations be transferred. Furthermore, the piston or pistons also in precisely defined sawtooth-like vibrations be transferred. The vibrations can both in verti calender as well as in the horizontal plane. These vibrations promote the fluidity of the viscous recycling material and help large and complex shapes completely to fill.
Die Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens besteht aus einer Formenträgerplatte mit einer an dieser ange schlossenen Vakuumpumpe zur ständigen Evakierung der Form, mit einer Trägerplatte für die Massezylinder und mit darüber angeordneten Kolben. Durch schwingungserzeugende Elemente ist die Formenträgerplatte bewegbar gehaltert, während die Form durch die Vakuumpumpe ständig unter Unterdruck gehaltenist.The device for performing the method exists from a mold carrier plate with one attached to it closed vacuum pump for constant evacuation of the Form, with a support plate for the mass cylinder and with pistons arranged above. Through vibration generating Elements, the mold carrier plate is movably supported, while the mold is constantly taking under by the vacuum pump Negative pressure is maintained.
Darüber hinaus kann sich die Formenträgerplatte säge zahnähnlich bewegen. Diese Rüttelbewegung fördert das Fließvermögen des zähflüssigen Recycling-Materials, das auch mit nicht thermoplastischen Füllstoffen durchsetzt sein kann.In addition, the mold carrier plate can saw move tooth-like. This shaking movement promotes that Flowability of the viscous recycling material that also interspersed with non-thermoplastic fillers can be.
In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können die Kolben die in den Massezylindern fließfähig geschmolzene Recycling-Masse unter genau definierten Schwingbewegungen durch Einfüllöffnungen in die Form einbringen. Auch diese Schwingbewegungen der Kolben können sägezahnähnlich sein.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the Piston that melted in the mass cylinders Recycling mass under precisely defined swinging movements insert into the mold through filling openings. This too Swinging movements of the pistons can be sawtooth-like.
Schließlich können die Massezylinder und die Schmelzein laßöffnungen durch Heizelemente zusätzlich beheizt sein.Finally, the mass cylinder and the melt can openings are additionally heated by heating elements.
Durch die genau definierten Schwingbewegungen in Verbindung mit der Beheizung der Massezylinder und der Schmelzeinlaßöff nungen wird der Fließvorgang beschleunigt, insbesondere durch die Masseträgheit, welche durch die Schwingbewegungen verursacht wird. Damit gelingt es, bisher nicht durchführ bare Formungen vorzunehmen und es läßt sich stark ver schmutztes Plastikmaterial, wie es z. B. im Hausmüll vorkommt, zu guten, formgerechten Teilen verarbeiten. Selbst verständlich können Schwingungen und Vakuum begrenzt sein.Due to the precisely defined swinging movements in connection with the heating of the mass cylinder and the melt inlet opening The flow process is accelerated, in particular due to the inertia caused by the swinging movements is caused. So it succeeds not so far bare formations and it can be ver dirty plastic material such as z. B. in household waste occurs, to make good, conformal parts. Yourself understandably, vibrations and vacuum can be limited.
Anhand eines in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigtUsing an exemplary embodiment shown in the figure the invention will be explained in more detail. It shows
Fig. 1 eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung und Fig. 1 shows an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention and
Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt durch die Fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIGS. 1.
Wie aus den Figur zu ersehen ist, wird eine Formenträger platte 1 durch entsprechende schwingungserzeugende Ele mente 2 und 3 in vertikale und horizontale Schwingungen versetzt. Die Formenträgerplatte 1 ist ferner mit Bohrun gen 4 a durchsetzt, die mit luftdurchlässigen Stopfen ausgefüllt sind. Diese an sich bekannten Stopfen lassen lediglich Luft hindurch, nicht aber fließfähigen Kunststoff. As can be seen from the figure, a mold carrier plate 1 is set by appropriate vibration-generating elements 2 and 3 in vertical and horizontal vibrations. The mold carrier plate 1 is also interspersed with holes 4 a , which are filled with air-permeable plugs. These plugs known per se only allow air to pass through, but not flowable plastic.
Dadurch ist es möglich, den Innenraum 5 einer Form 6 mittels einer angeschlossenen Vakuumpumpe 7 laufend zu evakuieren. Die auf der Formenplatte 1 befestigte Form 6 ist allseitig geschlossen und wird über die Bohrungen 4, die im Boden der Form 6 angeordnet sind, über die Formen trägerplatte 1 entlüftet. Die über der Form 6 vorgesehene Trägerplatte 8 trägt mindestens einen Massezylinder 9, der durch mindestens eine Zuleitung 10 mit aufgeschmol zener Recycling-Masse 11 gefüllt wird. Entsprechend der Anzahl der Massenzylinder 9 sind oberhalb derselben Kolben 12 angeordnet, welche bei Betätigung die aufgeschmolzene Recycling-Masse 11 durch die in der Form 6 vorgesehenen Öffnungen 13 entleeren. Die Kolben 12 können gleichfalls mittels nichtgezeichneter Schwingungserzeuger in sägezahn ähnliche Schwingungen versetzt werden. Die Massezylinder- Ausmündungen sind mit Heizelementen 15 umgeben, um die in den Massezylindern befindliche Recycling-Masse 11 temperiert zu halten. Die in vertikale und ggfs. auch horizontale oder bei Bedarf in Schwingungen nach allen Richtungen versetzte Kolben 12 drücken die aufgeschmol zene Recycling-Masse 11 unter leichtem Druck durch die Öffnungen 13 in die Form 6. Die auf die gesamte Vorrichtung einwirkenden Schwingungen begünstigen ein Ausrichten der Moleküle beim Fließvorgang und beim Ausfüllen der Form 6. Dadurch wird nicht nur die Taktzeit weitgehendst ver kürzt, sondern es werden auch die beim einfachen Verpres sen im Material eingebauten bzw. eingelagerten Spannungen beseitigt, d. h., die einer Form 6 entnommenen, noch heißen Gegenstände, bleiben auch nach dem Erkalten formgetreu. Die Schwingbewegungen und die Evakuierung der Form kann während eines Arbeitsganges auch in Intervallen erfolgen.This makes it possible to continuously evacuate the interior 5 of a mold 6 by means of a connected vacuum pump 7 . The attached to the mold plate 1 mold 6 is closed on all sides and is vented through the holes 4 , which are arranged in the bottom of the mold 6 , on the mold carrier plate 1 . The support plate 8 provided over the mold 6 carries at least one mass cylinder 9 , which is filled with melted recycling mass 11 through at least one feed line 10 . Corresponding to the number of mass cylinders 9 , pistons 12 are arranged above the same, which, when actuated, empty the melted recycling mass 11 through the openings 13 provided in the mold 6 . The pistons 12 can likewise be set into sawtooth-like vibrations by means of vibration generators (not shown). The mass cylinder orifices are surrounded by heating elements 15 in order to keep the recycling mass 11 in the mass cylinders temperature-controlled. The piston 12 , which is set in vertical and, if necessary, also horizontal or, if necessary, vibrates in all directions, press the melted recycling mass 11 under slight pressure through the openings 13 into the mold 6 . The vibrations acting on the entire device promote alignment of the molecules during the flow process and when filling the mold 6 . This not only shortens the cycle time as much as possible, but it also eliminates the stresses built into or embedded in the material during simple pressing, that is, the hot objects removed from a mold 6 remain true to shape even after cooling. The oscillating movements and the evacuation of the mold can also take place at intervals during a work process.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873717609 DE3717609A1 (en) | 1987-05-25 | 1987-05-25 | Suction moulding process for the production of articles from highly contaminated recycled thermoplastics |
AT0204387A AT393991B (en) | 1987-05-25 | 1987-08-13 | DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING OBJECTS FROM THERMOPLASTIC, VERY POLLUTED PLASTIC RECYCLING PLASTIC |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873717609 DE3717609A1 (en) | 1987-05-25 | 1987-05-25 | Suction moulding process for the production of articles from highly contaminated recycled thermoplastics |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3717609A1 true DE3717609A1 (en) | 1988-12-15 |
DE3717609C2 DE3717609C2 (en) | 1993-08-19 |
Family
ID=6328377
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873717609 Granted DE3717609A1 (en) | 1987-05-25 | 1987-05-25 | Suction moulding process for the production of articles from highly contaminated recycled thermoplastics |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT393991B (en) |
DE (1) | DE3717609A1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0436871A2 (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-07-17 | Phoenix Aktiengesellschaft | Method for plastic reclaiming, especially for polyurethane or polyuren |
WO1993001034A1 (en) * | 1991-07-09 | 1993-01-21 | Envirotrust Technologies, Inc. | Method for preparation of composite materials |
US5240656A (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1993-08-31 | Plastics Densification, Inc. | Treatment of waste |
DE4211768A1 (en) * | 1992-04-08 | 1993-10-14 | Spiess Kunststoff Recycling | Method and device for the automatic production of objects from plastic, in particular from recycled plastic |
FR2692825A1 (en) * | 1992-06-26 | 1993-12-31 | Sundgau Sarl Atelier Const Ele | Method and machine for compacting waste containing thermoplastic materials. |
EP0790887A1 (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1997-08-27 | Andrew James Wytkin | Multilayer mould apparatus and method |
DE19926319A1 (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2000-12-21 | Lothar Stemke | Apparatus for molding flat plastics products used for manufacturing smart cards has a holding zone which is filled with molten material by a retracting piston without pressure and then forced by the piston into the mold |
GR990100396A (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2001-07-31 | Resin transportation melting with the assistance of oscillations | |
DE10052841A1 (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2002-04-25 | Keim Hans Joachim | Thermoplastic melt processing For injection molding meltable materials involves vibration or pulsation of melt flows to eliminate poor weld lines at melt flow contact points |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1248276B (en) * | 1961-11-10 | 1967-08-24 | Fischer Ag Georg | Injection mold for processing thermoplastic masses |
DE1188794B (en) * | 1962-05-02 | 1965-03-11 | Leybolds Nachfolger E | Device for a plastic injection molding machine |
DE1196853B (en) * | 1962-08-24 | 1965-07-15 | Leybolds Nachfolger E | Device for generating a vacuum in the mold of an injection molding machine |
-
1987
- 1987-05-25 DE DE19873717609 patent/DE3717609A1/en active Granted
- 1987-08-13 AT AT0204387A patent/AT393991B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
NICHTS ERMITTELT * |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0436871A2 (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-07-17 | Phoenix Aktiengesellschaft | Method for plastic reclaiming, especially for polyurethane or polyuren |
EP0436871A3 (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-09-25 | Phoenix Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for plastic reclaiming, especially for polyurethane or polyuren |
US5240656A (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1993-08-31 | Plastics Densification, Inc. | Treatment of waste |
WO1993001034A1 (en) * | 1991-07-09 | 1993-01-21 | Envirotrust Technologies, Inc. | Method for preparation of composite materials |
DE4211768A1 (en) * | 1992-04-08 | 1993-10-14 | Spiess Kunststoff Recycling | Method and device for the automatic production of objects from plastic, in particular from recycled plastic |
WO1994000252A1 (en) * | 1992-06-26 | 1994-01-06 | Atelier De Constructions Electriques Du Sundgau S.A.R.L. | Method and machine for compacting waste containing thermoplastic materials |
FR2692825A1 (en) * | 1992-06-26 | 1993-12-31 | Sundgau Sarl Atelier Const Ele | Method and machine for compacting waste containing thermoplastic materials. |
EP0790887A1 (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1997-08-27 | Andrew James Wytkin | Multilayer mould apparatus and method |
EP0790887A4 (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1997-12-29 | Andrew James Wytkin | Multilayer mould apparatus and method |
US5989008A (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1999-11-23 | Wytkin; Andrew J | Multilayer mould apparatus and method |
DE19926319A1 (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2000-12-21 | Lothar Stemke | Apparatus for molding flat plastics products used for manufacturing smart cards has a holding zone which is filled with molten material by a retracting piston without pressure and then forced by the piston into the mold |
DE19926319B4 (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2005-08-18 | Lothar Stemke | metering |
GR990100396A (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2001-07-31 | Resin transportation melting with the assistance of oscillations | |
DE10052841A1 (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2002-04-25 | Keim Hans Joachim | Thermoplastic melt processing For injection molding meltable materials involves vibration or pulsation of melt flows to eliminate poor weld lines at melt flow contact points |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT393991B (en) | 1992-01-10 |
DE3717609C2 (en) | 1993-08-19 |
ATA204387A (en) | 1991-07-15 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
8125 | Change of the main classification |
Ipc: B29C 45/34 |
|
D2 | Grant after examination | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |