DE358627C - Process for de-acidifying fats and oils - Google Patents

Description

Process for deacidifying fats and oils. In patent 357694 is describes a process for deacidifying fats and oils by neutralization of free fatty acids with alkaline earths, metal hydroxides or other bases, among Add such amount of any salt as is necessary to make the solution or suspension of the bases to saturate used water approximately with it, the Base-insoluble soaps form with fatty acids. Following this procedure, the Soap excreted as a coarse-grained and porous mass, from almost the whole Neutral fat or oil can be easily separated.

This procedure can be used with success on fats, the one form hard lime soap, but not on liquid oils such as B. linseed oil, rapeseed oil, Cottonseed oil, sesame oil and the like. These oils produce alkaline earth or alkaline earth during deacidification Metal soaps, which are quite soft, tough or liquid and therefore very difficult are to be pressed.

: It has now been found @ that when a certain amount is added, higher Fatty acids to the liquid oils when neutralized with lime, other alkaline earths : or metal hydroxides form compounds that are sufficiently easily pressed can. This addition of higher fatty acids was previously unknown; despite all attempts which have so far been employed in practice have been (without such an addition) good successes unavailable.

The neutralization and, dehydration of the mixture of liquids never and fatty acids with the addition of salts is expediently carried out in vacuo to prevent that the mass is heated over 90 °. You get a coarse-grained one, not Lime soap melted together, easily filterable. For devices in which a Evacuation not possible. dehydration is best done by adding brought about by chlorcalciuin or similar substances. Example r. ro ooo kg cottonseed oil since 5 percent free fatty acids are with 50 kg @ älgfatty acids, 16o kg calla milk (with 67 percent Ca0) and: 20 kg table salt (NaCl) mixed. the Mixture is constantly stirred until all free fatty acids are neutralized by the lime are, the, temperature will be in mood. regulated with the vacuum and increased to 85 to 90 ° C; the mass is then filtered and centrifuged or otherwise printed. -.

Example e.

10000 kg of sesame oil with 4 percent free fatty acids turn with 50 kg Palm oil, tallow or stearic fatty acids mixed. This mixture is under perpetual Rübren treated with 150 kg of milk of lime (with 60 percent Ca0) and 50 kg of table salt (NaCl).

Example 3.

10000 kg of soybean oil with 3 percent free fatty acids and 50 kg of tallow fatty acids are with 118 kg of etching barite, Ba (0H) 2, while stirring uniformly with 10 kg of warm Water mixed with the addition of 15 kg of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate until all free fatty acids have been bound by barite. The temperature is down to 8o increased to 13o ° C.

By adding higher fatty acids, as described above, arise Alkaline earth soaps or soaps of other metals which are quite hard - and light can be pressed; the process is therefore very suitable for liquid fats and oils such as linseed oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil and the like.

It has now been found that an addition of lime soap made hardened Oils or fats is even more beneficial than the addition of higher fatty acids. One -This advantage is that the refined liquid oils are considerable at the same time bleached «earth, which makes special treatment with fuller's earth and the like superfluous will. The addition of hard lime soaps, such as. B. Coconut oil-I # lime soap and palm oil-lime soap, Tallow-lime soap made from hydrogenated fats, oils and oil causes a coarser grain Condition of the beirr deacidification with hydrated lime or the like. formed lime soaps.

Incidentally, the use of lime soaps is also much easier than that of hard fatty acids, the latter each time using the method again. through mineral acids must be obtained from the lime soaps.

The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the invention and given for carrying out the procedure: Example 4 ..

To 100 kg of rapeseed oil with 5 percent free fatty acids, 85 kg of milk of lime (with approximately 70 percent Ca0) and 25 kg of table salt (NaCl) or 3o kg of calcined Glauber's salt are gradually added with constant stirring, until all free fatty acids have been neutralized by the lime are. The temperature is slowly increased up to go ° C. Then 500 kg of crushed coconut oil lime soap are added, whereupon the mass is filtered, centrifuged or separated in some other way. Example 5. 75 kg of milk of lime (with approximately 60 percent CaO) and 20 kg of table salt or 30 kg of calcined Glauber's salt are gradually added to 10,000 kg of sesame oil with 4 percent free fatty acids, with constant stirring, and the treatment continues as described above. Example 6. 10000 kg of raw rapeseed oil with 4 percent free fatty acids are mixed with 70 kg of high-percentage zinc oxide and 50 kg of water while stirring evenly with the addition of 1.2 kg of potassium chloride or 15 kg of potassium sulfate, until all free fatty acids have been bound, .and then added 100 kg of finely chopped palm oil-zinc soap. Depending on the vacuum or pressure, the temperature is increased up to 85 to 130 ° C., after which the mass is further treated as described above.

The ratios given in the examples can of course be used can be varied within wide limits, the invention is not based on these examples limited.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Modification of the procedure for deacidifying Fats .and oils according to Patent 357694, characterized in that the bases in addition to the salts, it also adds higher fatty acids. 2 .. Modification of the procedure after Claim i, characterized in that the bases, in addition to the salts, are also water-insoluble Adds soaps of higher fatty acids,.