DE3524993A1 - Stackable pallet - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a stackable pallet, in particular for heavy loads, having an upper rectangular frame made of two longitudinal frame tubes (2a, 2b) below which the corner posts (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) are arranged, and having two transverse frame tubes (6a, 6b) which lie outside the rectangle formed by the corner posts in plan view. The receiving body for the load has a U-shaped cross section and is connected at the top to the transverse frame tubes (6a, 6b) via spacers. The pallet is constructed in such a way that both stacking of a plurality of pallets and compact, space-saving nesting of the palettes when not in use are possible. <IMAGE>

Description

Stackable pallet

The present invention particularly relates to a stackable pallet for heavy loads with a rectangular upper frame, four corner posts and a pallet floor, which also has two lower, two corner posts in pairs having connecting stiffening struts. For example from DE-OS 33 42 345 such a range is known.

A known pallet of this type can be used on the one hand as a shelf module can be used by placing several pallets on top of one another for this purpose. On the other hand, it is also possible for the better. Use of production and storage rooms stack several pallets compactly one inside the other when not in use. That in each other stacking is made possible, among other things, by the fact that the two rear corner posts are closer together than the two front corner posts so that the rear corner posts are between the Strut struts of the upper frame of another pallet when stacking one inside the other Have space. To prevent smaller loads from falling out due to the open frame structure to avoid on the side parts of the pallet are known palette Struts proposed that, in the vertical position, cover the surfaces of the side panels subdivide and can be folded down into a horizontal position.

It is essential to fold it down, otherwise the pallets will not would be more stackable.

Before the known pallets can be stacked one inside the other, is it is therefore necessary to use the locking pins that lock the struts in the vertical position, to solve and to fold the struts in the horizontal position, which in each other stacking a large number of pallets is time consuming. The familiar palette is also completely open towards the front, so that there is a fall out of the load is not prevented.

Another range is from the French patent specification 1475070 became known, of which several pallets are placed on top of each other as even several pallets can be stacked compactly inside one another. The one suggested there However, the pallet type only has walls on the two transverse sides to limit the storage space and is open to the other sides. The risk of falling out or rolling out of the load is therefore also present in this known pallet.

In contrast, the object of the present invention is to To create a type of pallet that is both stackable and compact into each other allows stacking of several pallets without making changes to the pallet such as Disassembly of individual parts must be made, and in which the storage space for the cargo is largely limited on all sides so that it can fall out smaller loads are also prevented.

The solution to this problem is provided by a range with the characteristics of the Claim 1. Claim 1 expresses a more general solution idea, whereas in particular in claims 2 and 8 more specific embodiments of the Task solutions are carried out. The remaining subclaims have further advantageous ones Refinements of the pallet according to the invention to the content.

In principle, a pallet according to the invention for storage and for Suitable for transporting any goods.

In particular, the pallet is intended to transport heavy loads, namely serve for example of frozen meat or other frozen foods.

In this case it is advisable to make the pallet from stainless steel. The transport of the goods mentioned is carried out by means of the pallets; usually ln Trucks. It is advantageous if the pallets have a standardized Euro Measure 120 cm in length and 100 cm in width, so that it can be transported by truck of any nationality is possible. When transporting in a truck several pallets can be placed on top of one another in such a way that the Top pallet corner posts rest on top pallet corner posts so that the weight forces are mainly introduced into the corner posts. On the pallets connecting elements are provided through which they are fixed in this stacking position will. When transporting frozen meat, for example, the resilience is critical the pallets because of the high loading weights to make high demands, which the invention Pallet when it is made of stainless steel is fair due to its design. For example, if a pallet is loaded with a weight of 200 kg each, three Pallets stacked on top of one another, the lower one taking a weight of more than 600 kg. It also happens when handling the loaded pallets, for example when loading and unloading a truck with the pallets by means of a forklift before that with the pallets are not handled very carefully, for example the pallets Simply dropped in a desired position by the forklift from a height of a few cm will. This results in minimum requirements for the construction of the pallet frame and the receiving body for the load with regard to the number of to be used Pipes and the required material thickness. On the other hand, because of the high material costs when running in stainless steel a range of maximum Resilience can be created using as little material as possible. Even The pallet constructed according to the invention takes this aspect into account.

Taking into account the aforementioned aspects, the mentioned problem solved as follows. The pallet is closed on all sides Upper horizontal frame made of two frame longitudinal tubes and two frame transverse tubes. However, only the longitudinal frame tubes rest on two corner posts, while the Frame cross tubes lie outside the rectangle formed by the corner posts. Through this enables the corner posts to be stacked compactly one inside the other of the next higher pallet fit between the frame cross tubes of the lower pallet. The outer distance between two corner posts is smaller by a small amount of tolerance than the distance between the opposite inner edges of the frame cross tubes, thus a The pallets can easily be put into one another without the risk of tilting.

The tub-like receiving body for the cargo is approximately U-shaped Cross-section and is also dimensioned so that its maximum extent in the longitudinal direction of the pallet on each side is a tolerance dimension less than the distance between the inner edges of the Frame transverse tubes so that it fits between them.

Two specific embodiments are exemplified for the receiving body suggested. In one case, the receiving body consists of two or more im Distance from one another arranged parallel in side view U-shaped tubes. If smaller loads are to be picked up, a larger number of these U-tubes is required arranged in closer spacing. It is essential that the U-tubes only connect to the top Frame cross tubes are connected so that this connection does not interlock the pallets obstructed. In the other embodiment, there is the receiving body from a one-piece sheet metal tub with slightly conical tapering towards the bottom of the tub Sidewalls. The conicity is necessary so when stacking the Pallets, the tubs fit into one another without any problems. The sheet metal tub, in turn, only has above a connection only to the frame cross tubes. It is also essential for both Embodiments that on the longitudinal sides between the receiving body and the frame longitudinal tubes there is sufficient space left when the pallets are stacked one inside the other the corner posts of the upper pallets and therefore preferably a multiple the width of a corner post is wide. The width of this gap is determined how many pallets can be compactly stacked one inside the other.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the frame cross tubes each inverted U-shaped tube bracket placed so that between these tube brackets and the frame cross tubes underneath result in a rectangular space.

This rectangular opening makes it easier to remove a pallet from a stack of several nested pallets with a forklift truck, who can reach into this opening. When several pallets are stacked one inside the other are to be transported together, the forklift can be placed under a lower, two corner posts of a pallet connecting stiffening struts in pairs grab the lowest pallet and lift the pallets together, in this case the pallets approached from the long side. Starting up and taking out a single pallet or lifting of several pallets can also be done from the transverse side take place with the forklift in the corresponding rectangular opening above the Frame cross tube engages. It is therefore irrelevant whether the pallet stack is in storage be arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction or in the transverse direction.

In the following, the pallets according to the invention are shown in exemplary embodiments described in more detail on the basis of the drawings.

They show: FIG. 1 a view of a pallet according to the invention from FIG the longitudinal side Fig. 2 The view of a pallet from the transverse side in the direction of the Arrow II of Fig.1 Fig. 3 A plan view of a pallet in the direction of the arrow III of FIG. 1, FIG. 4, an enlarged view of a U-tube of the receiving body Fig. 5 The view of three nested pallets from the long side Fig. 6 The view of three pallets in the direction of the arrow VI in FIG. 5 FIG. 7 The view two pallets placed on top of one another from the long side Fig. 8 The long side View of an alternative embodiment of the pallet a pallet according to Figure 6 First, an embodiment of the invention Pallet described with reference to Figs. 1-7. The pallet consists of one on all sides closed upper rectangular frame made of two longitudinal frame tubes 2a, 2b and two Frame cross tubes 6a, 6b. This upper rectangular frame has in a preferred manner the Euro standard dimensions 120cm x 100 cm, but can also have any other dimension and, for example also be square. The longitudinal frame tubes lie on the corner posts 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d the pallet, which is preferably rectangular in cross-section like the frame tubes to have. The four corner posts are arranged so that they are a rectangle in plan view the length of which - measured from the outer edge to the outer edge of two corner posts 1a, 1b - denoted by X. The frame cross tubes 6a, 6b lie outside this the rectangle spanned by the corner posts.

The distance between the inner edges of the frame cross tubes 6a, 6b denoted by Y. must be by the tolerance dimension + on each side, i.e. a total of 2 x t1 be larger than the length dimension X, so that the corner posts of the next higher pallet between the frame cross tubes of the one below is sufficient Have space and tilt when stacking with a forklift is prevented.

In the embodiment of the pallet shown in FIGS. 1-7 is the receiving body for the cargo from several parallel, in side view U-shaped tubes 7 formed, the horizontal sections 8 of which form the pallet base and their vertical sections 7a, 7b at the upper leg ends of spacers 9 with the frame transverse pipes 6a, 6b are connected. The receiving body also has no connection to the pallet frame or to the corner post, as this hinders the compact stacking of the pallets were. The outer distance between the vertical legs 7a, 7b, which is denoted by Z, is due to the spacers 9 at the upper leg ends on each side by a tolerance dimension A2 less than the distance Y between the inner edges of the frame cross tubes 6a, 6b, so that the receiving body of the upper pallet in the compact one into the other stack has enough space between the frame cross tubes of the lower pallet. Between the outermost U-tube 7 of the receiving body and the respective longitudinal frame tube 2a, 2b of the pallet must remain a space 41 on both sides, the width of which the pipe width of a corner post 1a or better a multiple of the width of a Corresponds to the corner post, because when the pallets are compactly stacked one inside the other, the corner post one or more upper pallets from this space 41 of the lower pallets is recorded.

From Figure 6 it can be seen how the pallets in the compact one into the other stack when not in use. This view shows three pallets stacked one inside the other from the transverse side. The middle range is in advantageous compared to the lower iaXette offset to the right by about a corner post width.

The upper pallet is opposite the lower one by a corner post width arranged offset to the left.

The right corner posts of the pallets are shown in Figure 6 with 11a, 21a, 31a designated. The vertical legs of the left outer U-tubes of the receiving body the pallets are denoted by 17a, 27a, 37a in the illustration. In the example the space between the corner post and the outer U-tube is so wide that three Pallets can be stacked one inside the other.

The next higher pallet must be placed on the upper pallet when stacking will. However, it is possible to stack more than three pallets one inside the other, if the space between the post and the outer U-tube is chosen to be wider, what for example, is easily possible for the transport of larger loads. The width of the corner posts and the U-tubes can also be reduced when loading goods of lighter weight are to be transported with the pallet.

As can be seen from Figure 2, 1a, 1b and 1c, 1d are each paired by lower stiffening struts 3a> 3b parallel to the upper framing tubes connected, which spreads apart the corner posts when the pallet is loaded impede. On the outside of the pallet, between the corner posts 1b, 1s is on the other hand, no connection is provided, as this occurs when the pallets are stacked one inside the other U-shaped tube brackets are inverted on the frame cross tubes 3a, 5b 6c, 6d attached, which together with the frame cross bars form a rectangular frame form with a rectangular opening 3e. In this rectangular opening 6e can Grasp the forklift truck when the pallet is to be lifted.

When lifting the pallet from the long side, the forklift can reach under the stiffening brace 3a. By reaching into the rectangular opening 6e (Fig. 6), the forklift can also lift a single pallet out of a stack. By reaching under the longitudinal frame tube 12a of the lower pallet (Figure 5), the Forklift truck is lifting several pallets that are stacked one inside the other at the same time. In Figure 5 a view of three nested pallets from the pallet Shown long side. Xit 13a, 23a, 33a are the lower stiffening struts , with 12a, 22a, 32a the frame longitudinal tubes and with 31a, 31b the two front corner posts of the top pallet, with 11a, 11b the two front corner posts of the lower pallet. The difference in height 39 of two pallets results from the fact that the Frame cross tubes 6a, 6b of an upper pallet when stacking one inside the other on the tube brackets 6c, 6d of the pouring pallet gen. In Figure 7 are two Pallets placed one on top of the other in a view from the long side of the pallet shown. It can be seen that the corner posts 21a, 21b of the upper pallet stand on the corner posts 11a, 11b of the lower pallet. So that the pallets are safe stand on top of each other, cylindrical cams 4 are arranged on the corner post and At the bottom of the feet of the corner posts, correspondingly large cylindrical recesses 5 provided that accommodate the cams of the lower pallet. Around the corner joint to stabilize between corner posts 21a, 21b and frame longitudinal tube 22a are there Angle plates 38 are provided.

Figures 8 and 9 show an alternative embodiment of the invention Pallet in which the receptacle for the load consists of a one-piece sheet metal tray 40 with a substantially U-shaped cross-section. To a problem-free in each other To enable multiple pallets to be stacked, the side walls 42 of the sheet metal tub run 40 slightly conical towards the pallet bottom 43. Because the largest dimension of the receiving body in the longitudinal direction of the pallet Z must in turn be less than the distance between the inner edges the frame cross tubes Y, horizontal spacers 44 are provided, which the side walls Connect 42 of the sheet metal tub to the frame cross tubes 5a, 6b. The number of pallets which into each other Can be stacked, in turn, will depend on the width of the space 41 between the outer edge 45 of the sheet metal trough and the longitudinal frame tube and also determined by the pipe width of the corner post.

As indicated in FIG. 1, further vertical intermediate struts can be used 14 on the long sides of the pallet to connect the longitudinal frame tubes 2a, 2b with the lower stiffening struts 3a, 3b may be provided. Stack the compact one on top of the other the pallets are not hindered by these intermediate struts 14. The area between Longitudinal frame tube 2a and stiffening strut 3a on the long side of the pallet can even for example, be completely closed by a sheet metal, which has the advantage that then The cargo is prevented from falling out on the long sides of the pallet.

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Claims (10)

Claims 1. Stackable pallet, especially for heavy loads with a rectangular upper horizontal frame, four corner posts, one Pallet floor and two lower, two corner posts each connect the Stiffening struts, characterized by the following features: each upper one horizontal frame consists of two longitudinal frame tubes (2a, 2b) and two transverse frame tubes (Sa, 6b) formed and closed on all sides; - the corner posts (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) are arranged in the four corners of a rectangle with the length dimension X; - the longitudinal frame tubes rest on two corner posts; - the frame cross tubes are outside of the rectangle formed by the corner posts, the distance Y being the opposite The inner edges of the frame cross tubes are larger by the dimension 2 xE1 than the length dimension X; - It is a trough-like, open at the top and on the long sides of the pallet Receiving body (40) provided with a U-shaped cross-section for the cargo, whose horizontal section (43) forms the pallet floor and the vertical sections ( 42) on the transverse sides of the pallet is; -- the maximal Dimension of the receiving body in the longitudinal direction of the pallet is smaller by the dimension 2xn2 as the distance Y between the opposite inner edges of the frame cross tubes; -- the The receiving body is dimensioned so that there is an intermediate space (41) on each of the long sides. remains to the frame longitudinal tubes of at least the width of a corner post; - the receiving body is only at the upper ends of the vertical sections with the Frame cross tubes connected. 2. Stackable pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving body (40) is formed from two or more tubes (7) U-shaped in side view whose horizontal sections (B) running in the direction of the longitudinal frame tubes form the pallet base and their vertical legs (7a, 7b) via spacers (9) are connected to the frame cross tubes at the upper leg ends, so that the outer distance Z of the vertical legs is less than the distance by the dimension 2xA 2 Y the opposite inner edges of the frame cross tube. 3. Stackable pallet according to claim 2, characterized in that the space (41) between the respective outer U-tube (7) and the frame Multiples the width of a corner post is wide. 4. Stackable pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that on top of the corner post (la, lb, lc, Id) cylindrical cams (4) are arranged, the when stacking the pallets from correspondingly large cylindrical recesses (5) be received in the feet of the corner posts of the pallet arranged above. 5. Stackable pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that on the two long sides of the pallet to connect the lower horizontal stiffening struts (3a, 3b) with the frame longitudinal tubes (2a, 2b) additional vertical intermediate struts (14) are provided are. 6. Stackable pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that at the corner joints between the corner posts and the longitudinal frame tubes, angle plates (38) are arranged. 7. Stackable pallet according to claims 1-6, characterized in that that on the frame cross tubes (6a, 6b) each inverted U-shaped tube bracket (5c, 6d) are placed so that between these and the frame transverse tubes a rectangular Gap (Ee) is formed. 8. Stackable pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving body (40) is designed as a one-piece sheet metal trough, the side walls (42) of which to the The bottom of the tub (43) is slightly conical - and at its upper end it is horizontal Spacers (44) are connected to the frame cross tubes (6a, 6b). 9. Stackable pallet according to claim 8, characterized in that the space (41) between the outer edge (45) of the sheet metal trough and the longitudinal frame tube (2a, 2b) each a multiple of the width of a corner post is wide. 10. Stackable pallet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that their length is 120 cm and their width is 100 cm.