DE3441684A1 - Electro-acoustic transducer - Google Patents
Electro-acoustic transducerInfo
- Publication number
- DE3441684A1 DE3441684A1 DE19843441684 DE3441684A DE3441684A1 DE 3441684 A1 DE3441684 A1 DE 3441684A1 DE 19843441684 DE19843441684 DE 19843441684 DE 3441684 A DE3441684 A DE 3441684A DE 3441684 A1 DE3441684 A1 DE 3441684A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- ceramic body
- piezoelectric ceramic
- converter according
- major
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 101100400378 Mus musculus Marveld2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
- G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
- G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K13/00—Cones, diaphragms, or the like, for emitting or receiving sound in general
Abstract
Description
PAL/A 12 841 Kubier / sb 15.10.1984PAL / A 12 841 Kubier / sb October 15, 1984
Titel: Elektroakustischer WandlerTitle: Electroacoustic converter
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen elektroakustischen Wandler gemäß den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an electroacoustic transducer according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
Zur Ermittlung und Anzeige von Abständen zwischen Kraftfahrzeugen und Hindernissen sind Ultraschall-Wandler wünschenswert, die in einer vertikalen Ebene eine Schallabstrahlung trat besonders geringem öffnungswinkel, in einer horizontalen Ebene dagegen eine Schallabstrahlung mit einem verhältnismäßig großen Öffnungswinkel erzeugen. Dadurch sollen einerseits störende Bodenreflektionen vermieden werden, andererseits sollen aber auch seitlich eines Kraftfahrzeugs vorhandene Hindernisse einwandfrei erfasst werden.Ultrasonic transducers are desirable for determining and displaying distances between motor vehicles and obstacles. The sound radiation occurred in a vertical plane with a particularly small opening angle, in a horizontal plane on the other hand, a sound radiation with a relatively large Generate opening angle. This should on the one hand avoid disturbing reflections from the ground, but on the other hand obstacles present on the side of a motor vehicle are also flawless are recorded.
In der DE-OS 31 37 745 ist bereits ein Ultraschall-Wandler beschrieben, der diese Bedingungen erfüllen soll. Dieser bekannte Wandler hat eine kreisförmige Membran, dessen Fläche jedoch nicht voll zur Schallabstrahlung ausgenutzt wird, weil zwei horizontal gegenüberliegende, kreisabschnittsförmige Dämpfungssegmente aus Weichgummi die innere Membranfläche bedecken. Bei dieser Ausführung werden also zusätzliche Teile benötigt und außerdem ist die Baugröße des Wandlers in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Schallabstrahlrichtung wesentlich größer als die wirksame Schallabstrahlfläche der Membran, was in manchen Kraftfahrzeugen Einbauschwierigkeiten mit sich bringt.In DE-OS 31 37 745 an ultrasonic transducer is already described, who should meet these conditions. This known transducer has a circular membrane, but its area is not fully used for sound radiation, because two horizontally opposite, circular segment-shaped damping segments made of soft rubber cover the inner membrane surface. at This version therefore requires additional parts and, moreover, the size of the transducer is perpendicular in a plane to the direction of sound radiation much larger than the effective sound radiation area of the membrane, which is in some motor vehicles Brings installation difficulties.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen elektroakustischen Wandler zu schaffen, der die eingangs erwähnten Forderungen erfüllt, kostengünstig hergestellt werden kann und eine möglichst kleine Raumform aufweist.The present invention is based on the object of creating an electroacoustic transducer which has the aforementioned Requirements met, can be manufactured inexpensively and has the smallest possible spatial shape.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention with the characterizing Features of claim 1 solved.
Der Erfindung liegt dabei der Gedanke zugrunde, daß allein durch die Formgebung der Membran die erwünschte Richtcharakteristik des abgestrahlten Schalles erreicht wird. Messungen haben ergeben, daß bei einem solchen Wandler der öffnungswinkel des abgestrahlten Schalles in einer Ebene parallel zur großen Hauptachse sehr viel geringer ist als in einer dazu senkrechten Ebene parallel zur kleinen Hauptachse.The invention is based on the idea that the desired directional characteristic is achieved solely through the shape of the membrane of the emitted sound is achieved. Measurements have shown that with such a transducer the opening angle of the radiated sound is much smaller in a plane parallel to the major main axis than in one of it vertical plane parallel to the minor major axis.
Der bei diesem Wandler verwendete piezoelektrische Keramikkörper kann durchaus in der üblichen kreisrunden Form ausgebildet sein, doch wurden besonders günstige Meßergebnisse bei Verwendung eines piezoelektrischen Keramikkörpers mit einem ebenfalls elliptischen Umriss erzielt, wobei dieser Piezokörper nahezu die gesamte Fläche der Membran bedeckte.The piezoelectric ceramic body used in this transducer can certainly be designed in the usual circular shape be, but were particularly favorable measurement results when using a piezoelectric ceramic body with a also achieved an elliptical contour, this piezo body covering almost the entire surface of the membrane.
Durch umfangreiche Versuchsreihen wurden optimale Abmessungen für die Membran ermittelt, auf die in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung des in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels zu der Erfindung hingewiesen wird.Through extensive series of tests, optimal dimensions for the membrane were determined, based on the following description of the embodiment shown in the drawing of the invention is pointed out.
Es zeigen: Figur 1 einen Schnitt durch einen elektroakustischen Wandler,They show: FIG. 1 a section through an electroacoustic transducer,
Figur 2 eine Ansicht in Pfeilrichtung α auf den in Figur 1 dargestellten Wandler undFIG. 2 shows a view in the direction of the arrow α of the converter shown in FIG. 1 and FIG
Figur 3 ein Richtdiagramm.Figure 3 is a directional diagram.
Der in Figur 1 dargestellte Wandler hat ein Gehäuse 10 , das vorzugsweise aus Gummi oder Plastik geformt ist.The converter shown in Figure 1 has a housing 10 which is preferably molded from rubber or plastic.
Dieses Gehäuse ist in der nur angedeuteten Stoßstange 11 eines Kraftfahrzeuges befestigt. In Abstrahlrichtung ist dieses
Gehäuse 10 durch eine Aluminiumkappe 12 abgeschlossen, deren Grundfläche 13 als Membran ausgebildet ist. Auf dieser Membran
13 sitzt ein piezoelektrischer Keramikkörper 14, der auf
der der Membran gegenüberliegenden Seite durch eine Schaumstoff schicht 15 abgedeckt ist. Dahinter befindet sich eine
Schicht 16 aus Silikonkautschuk, die mit einem ringförmigen
Ansatz unmittelbar bis zur Membran 13 reicht. Außerdem erkennt
man in Figur 1 noch eine Leiterplatte 17, von der die Anschlußdrähte
für den piezoelektrischen Keramikkörper ausgehen. Diese Leiterplatte 17 beinhaltet elektrische Elemente einer Signalauswerteschaltung.
Eine Steckerplatte 18 schließt das Gehäuse 10 nach hinten ab.This housing is fastened in the only indicated bumper 11 of a motor vehicle. In the direction of emission, this housing 10 is closed by an aluminum cap 12, the base area 13 of which is designed as a membrane. On this membrane 13 sits a piezoelectric ceramic body 14 which is covered by a foam layer 15 on the side opposite the membrane. Behind it is one
Layer 16 of silicone rubber covered with an annular
Approach extends directly to the membrane 13. In addition, a printed circuit board 17 can be seen in FIG. 1, from which the connecting wires for the piezoelectric ceramic body extend. This circuit board 17 contains electrical elements of a signal evaluation circuit. A connector plate 18 closes the housing 10 from the rear.
Wesentlich für die vorliegende Erfindung ist nun, daß im Gegensatz
zu den bisher bekannten Ausführungen der Umriss der Membran 13 in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Schallabstrahlrichtung annähernd
elliptisch ausgebildet ist, wie das in Figur 2 ersichtlich ist. Dabei ist die große Hauptachse mit der Länge a in vertikaler
Richtung ausgerichtet, während sich die kleine Halbachse mit der Länge b in horizontaler Richtung und damit parallel zur Fahrbahn
erstreckt, wichtig für eine optimale Richtcharakteristik ist das Verhältnis zwischen großer Hauptachse und kleiner Hauptachse,
das in der Größenordnung zwischen 2 und 3 liegen sollte. Bei einer konkreten Ausführung betrug dieses Verhältnis 2,45,
wobei die Membran eine große Hauptachse von a = 27 mm und eine kleine Hauptachse von b = 11 mm aufwies. Diese Werte wurden auf
die Schwingfreguenz des piezoelektrischen Keramikkörpers 14
abgestimmt, der auf eine Schwingfrequenz von 41 kHz ausgelegt
war. Die Dicke d der Membran betrug 1,05mm,so daß ein ausreichend hoher Schalldruck gemessen werden konnte.It is now essential for the present invention that, in contrast to the previously known designs, the outline of the membrane 13 is approximately elliptical in a plane perpendicular to the direction of sound radiation, as can be seen in FIG. The major main axis with the length a is aligned in the vertical direction, while the small semiaxis with the length b extends in the horizontal direction and thus parallel to the roadway the order of magnitude should be between 2 and 3. In a specific embodiment, this ratio was 2.45, the membrane having a major major axis of a = 27 mm and a minor major axis of b = 11 mm. These values were applied to the vibration frequency of the piezoelectric ceramic body 14
tuned, which is designed for an oscillation frequency of 41 kHz
was. The thickness d of the membrane was 1.05 mm, so that a sufficiently high sound pressure could be measured.
A 12 841 ■;- - 6 -A 12 841 ■; - - 6 -
Ansich könnte man durchaus einen kreisrunden Keramikkörper verwenden, doch verbessert sich das Nachschwingverhalten des Wandlers, wenn man gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung einen piezoelektrischen Keramikkörper mit ebenfalls elliptischem Umriss verwendet, der - wie Figur 1 zeigt - nahezu die gesamte Fläche der Membran 13 bedeckt.In and of itself, a circular ceramic body could be used, but the post-oscillation behavior is improved of the transducer if, according to an advantageous development of the invention, a piezoelectric ceramic body Also used with an elliptical outline, which - as FIG. 1 shows - almost the entire surface of the membrane 13 covered.
Auch die zur Schwingungsdämpfung dienende SchaumstoffschichtAlso the foam layer used to dampen vibrations
15 hat einen elliptischen Umriss. Diese Schicht deckt den Keramikkörper 14 nicht vollständig ab, so daß der Keramikkörper im Randbereich zwischen der Membran 13 und der Schicht15 has an elliptical outline. This layer does not completely cover the ceramic body 14, so that the ceramic body in the edge area between the membrane 13 and the layer
16 aus Silikonkautschuk eingespannt ist.16 is clamped in silicone rubber.
Aus dem Diagramm der Richtcharakteristik in Figur 3 geht hervor, daß der öffnungswinkel des abgestrahlten Schalles in einer vertikalen Ebene (dicke Linie) wesentlich geringer ist als in der horizontalen Ebene (dünne Linie).The diagram of the directional characteristic in FIG. 3 shows that the opening angle of the emitted sound is in a vertical plane (thick line) is much smaller than in the horizontal plane (thin line).
- Leerseite -- blank page -
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19843441684 DE3441684A1 (en) | 1984-11-15 | 1984-11-15 | Electro-acoustic transducer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19843441684 DE3441684A1 (en) | 1984-11-15 | 1984-11-15 | Electro-acoustic transducer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3441684A1 true DE3441684A1 (en) | 1986-05-15 |
Family
ID=6250325
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19843441684 Ceased DE3441684A1 (en) | 1984-11-15 | 1984-11-15 | Electro-acoustic transducer |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3441684A1 (en) |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3812182A1 (en) * | 1988-04-13 | 1989-10-26 | Swf Auto Electric Gmbh | Transducer, particularly ultrasonic transducer for a distance measuring device installed in a motor vehicle |
DE3939387A1 (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1991-06-06 | Swf Auto Electric Gmbh | Ultrasonic distance warning system esp. for motor vehicles - has aperture covering membrane carrying piezo-plate to eliminate group echos |
EP0678853A2 (en) | 1994-04-21 | 1995-10-25 | ITT Automotive Europe GmbH | Ultrasonic transducer with asymmetric radiation characteristic |
DE19528474A1 (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1997-02-06 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Ultrasonic transducer with holder to mounting on motor vehicle shock absorber - has spring for holding transducer at predetermined distance from inner surface of shock absorber |
DE19601656A1 (en) * | 1996-01-18 | 1997-07-24 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Damped ultrasonic transducer |
DE19614885C1 (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 1997-09-04 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Sensor for sending and / or receiving acoustic signals |
DE19651033A1 (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 1998-06-10 | Sennheiser Electronic | Electrodynamic converter |
DE19714606A1 (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-15 | Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc | Ultra sound transmitter and receiver for motor vehicle distance warning system |
WO1999001234A2 (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-01-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultrasonic transducer |
WO1999018563A2 (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-04-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultrasonic transducer |
WO1999030313A1 (en) * | 1997-12-10 | 1999-06-17 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Ultrasonic transducer with a cup-shaped support |
DE19839598A1 (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-03-09 | Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc | Mounting sleeve for ultrasonic transducer for inclined attachment to plate, e.g. for vehicle parking aid, has peripheral, essentially annular fitting whose outer surface height varies over its circumference |
WO2001005305A1 (en) * | 1999-07-21 | 2001-01-25 | Boston Scientific Limited | Focused ultrasound transducers and systems |
WO2001029820A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-04-26 | Thomson Marconi Sonar S.A.S. | Underwater broadband acoustic transducer |
DE10000924A1 (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-19 | Volkswagen Ag | Ultrasonic sensor, especially for vehicle distance measurement device, has membrane with resonance body mechanically separate from housing with electronics, electrical connecting element |
DE10009129A1 (en) * | 2000-02-26 | 2001-08-30 | Volkswagen Ag | Ultrasonic sensor has pot-shaped vibration element whose floor acts as membrane with at least two disc-shaped piezoelectric transducers attached to membrane and adjacent to each other |
DE10153638A1 (en) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-05-22 | Shih Hsiung Li | Ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement, has piezoelectric ceramic element which generates specific detecting area according to shape of tapered rectangular chamber |
DE10159679A1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-12 | Valeo Schalter & Sensoren Gmbh | Ultrasonic sensor unit and manufacturing method |
DE19912772C2 (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 2003-07-10 | Shih Hsiung Li | Ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement |
EP1315144A3 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2010-03-17 | Hydrometer GmbH | Ultrasonic transducer and flowmeter |
DE102009056268A1 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2011-06-09 | Techem Energy Services Gmbh | Hazard detector and method for detecting objects in the vicinity of the danger detector |
ITMO20110053A1 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-08 | Meta System Spa | PROCEDURE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A SENSOR DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR OF A SENSOR DEVICE THAT CAN BE USED IN CAR PARKING SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES |
US8671762B2 (en) | 2008-07-31 | 2014-03-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultrasonic sensor |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3137745A1 (en) * | 1981-09-23 | 1983-04-07 | Egon 5000 Köln Gelhard | SENSOR FOR PERFORMING THE DISTANCE MEASUREMENT ACCORDING TO THE ULTRASONIC ECHOPRINZIP |
-
1984
- 1984-11-15 DE DE19843441684 patent/DE3441684A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3137745A1 (en) * | 1981-09-23 | 1983-04-07 | Egon 5000 Köln Gelhard | SENSOR FOR PERFORMING THE DISTANCE MEASUREMENT ACCORDING TO THE ULTRASONIC ECHOPRINZIP |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
Funk Bastler, H.4, 1927, S.50-51 * |
Funkschau, H.15, 1957, S.678 * |
Cited By (44)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3812182A1 (en) * | 1988-04-13 | 1989-10-26 | Swf Auto Electric Gmbh | Transducer, particularly ultrasonic transducer for a distance measuring device installed in a motor vehicle |
DE3939387A1 (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1991-06-06 | Swf Auto Electric Gmbh | Ultrasonic distance warning system esp. for motor vehicles - has aperture covering membrane carrying piezo-plate to eliminate group echos |
EP0678853A2 (en) | 1994-04-21 | 1995-10-25 | ITT Automotive Europe GmbH | Ultrasonic transducer with asymmetric radiation characteristic |
DE4413894A1 (en) * | 1994-04-21 | 1995-10-26 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Ultrasonic transducer with asymmetrical radiation characteristics |
EP0678853A3 (en) * | 1994-04-21 | 1997-05-21 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Ultrasonic transducer with asymmetric radiation characteristic. |
DE4413894C2 (en) * | 1994-04-21 | 2002-12-12 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Bending converter in pot form |
DE19528474A1 (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1997-02-06 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Ultrasonic transducer with holder to mounting on motor vehicle shock absorber - has spring for holding transducer at predetermined distance from inner surface of shock absorber |
DE19528474C2 (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 2002-10-24 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Ultrasonic transducer that can be attached to a bumper of a motor vehicle |
DE19601656A1 (en) * | 1996-01-18 | 1997-07-24 | Teves Gmbh Alfred | Damped ultrasonic transducer |
DE19601656B4 (en) * | 1996-01-18 | 2009-07-16 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Steamed ultrasonic transducer |
EP0802521A3 (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 1999-09-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Transducer for sending and/or receiving of acoustic signals |
DE19614885C1 (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 1997-09-04 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Sensor for sending and / or receiving acoustic signals |
EP0802521A2 (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 1997-10-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Transducer for sending and/or receiving of acoustic signals |
DE19651033A1 (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 1998-06-10 | Sennheiser Electronic | Electrodynamic converter |
DE19714606A1 (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-15 | Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc | Ultra sound transmitter and receiver for motor vehicle distance warning system |
WO1999001234A3 (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-04-22 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Ultrasonic transducer |
US6465935B1 (en) | 1997-06-30 | 2002-10-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultrasonic transducer |
WO1999001234A2 (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 1999-01-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultrasonic transducer |
WO1999018563A2 (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-04-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultrasonic transducer |
WO1999018563A3 (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-06-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Ultrasonic transducer |
US6374676B1 (en) | 1997-10-07 | 2002-04-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultrasonic transducer |
WO1999030313A1 (en) * | 1997-12-10 | 1999-06-17 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Ultrasonic transducer with a cup-shaped support |
DE19912772C2 (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 2003-07-10 | Shih Hsiung Li | Ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement |
DE19839598C2 (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2001-06-28 | Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc | Mounting sleeve for a transducer for inclined mounting against a plate |
DE19839598A1 (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-03-09 | Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc | Mounting sleeve for ultrasonic transducer for inclined attachment to plate, e.g. for vehicle parking aid, has peripheral, essentially annular fitting whose outer surface height varies over its circumference |
US6287261B1 (en) | 1999-07-21 | 2001-09-11 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Focused ultrasound transducers and systems |
WO2001005305A1 (en) * | 1999-07-21 | 2001-01-25 | Boston Scientific Limited | Focused ultrasound transducers and systems |
EP1723910A3 (en) * | 1999-07-21 | 2007-07-18 | Boston Scientific Limited | Focused ultrasound transducers and systems |
EP1723910A2 (en) * | 1999-07-21 | 2006-11-22 | Boston Scientific Limited | Focused ultrasound transducers and systems |
FR2800229A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-04-27 | Thomson Marconi Sonar Sas | Surface boat underwater acoustic signal transmitter having flexing piezoelectric strip underside cap section inside air cavity and outer cap face water exposed |
WO2001029820A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-04-26 | Thomson Marconi Sonar S.A.S. | Underwater broadband acoustic transducer |
US6617765B1 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2003-09-09 | Thales Underwater Systems S.A.S. | Underwater broadband acoustic transducer |
DE10000924A1 (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-19 | Volkswagen Ag | Ultrasonic sensor, especially for vehicle distance measurement device, has membrane with resonance body mechanically separate from housing with electronics, electrical connecting element |
DE10000924B4 (en) * | 2000-01-12 | 2011-11-24 | Volkswagen Ag | ultrasonic sensor |
DE10009129A1 (en) * | 2000-02-26 | 2001-08-30 | Volkswagen Ag | Ultrasonic sensor has pot-shaped vibration element whose floor acts as membrane with at least two disc-shaped piezoelectric transducers attached to membrane and adjacent to each other |
DE10153638B4 (en) * | 2001-07-02 | 2004-01-29 | Shih Hsiung Li | Ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement |
DE10153638A1 (en) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-05-22 | Shih Hsiung Li | Ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement, has piezoelectric ceramic element which generates specific detecting area according to shape of tapered rectangular chamber |
EP1315144A3 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2010-03-17 | Hydrometer GmbH | Ultrasonic transducer and flowmeter |
DE10159679A1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-12 | Valeo Schalter & Sensoren Gmbh | Ultrasonic sensor unit and manufacturing method |
US8671762B2 (en) | 2008-07-31 | 2014-03-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultrasonic sensor |
DE102009056268A1 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2011-06-09 | Techem Energy Services Gmbh | Hazard detector and method for detecting objects in the vicinity of the danger detector |
ITMO20110053A1 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-08 | Meta System Spa | PROCEDURE FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A SENSOR DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR OF A SENSOR DEVICE THAT CAN BE USED IN CAR PARKING SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES |
WO2012120354A1 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-13 | Meta System S.P.A. | Process for the manufacture of a sensor device, in particular of a sensor device usable in parking-aid systems for vehicles and corresponding sensor device |
EP2684186B1 (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2016-05-18 | Meta System S.p.A. | Process for the manufacture of a sensor device usable in parking-aid systems for vehicles and corresponding sensor device |
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