DE3441384A1 - Method for the heating of diesel fuel and device for performing the method - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for the preheating of diesel fuel is specified. In this, the diesel fuel is passed through the engine oil so that the temperature of the engine oil preheats the diesel fuel. To perform the method either a coiled pipe (24) or a tank (32), around both of which engine oil flows on all sides, can be fitted in the oil sump (14). <IMAGE>

Description

ίο, τ ^ ι Vi ι ° & KOV. 1984

^ιυ Friedheim V ο lpe 1 * "

6719 Eisenberg-Stauf. V 20/84

Process for heating diesel fuel and device for carrying out the process.

The invention relates to a method for heating diesel fuel for diesel engines, in particular for Motor vehicles. __ "

It also relates to a device for carrying out the method.

In the case of motor vehicles that are driven by a diesel engine,

there is a problem that the diesel fuel in the cold season paraffin particles tend to flocculate tight bores, e.g. B. clog inside the injection pump on the engine can.

To avoid such constipation, it is recommended in winter To add a certain amount of gasoline to the diesel fuel, which dilutes the diesel fuel and to flocculate bits of paraffin prevents:. _ ~

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".""" c '" " ■■ " ^: 3A41384

This is annoying and there is also the risk of forgetting to add gasoline.

Accordingly, it has become known from DE-OS 30 05 232, the diesel fuel to pass through a heat exchanger that is part of the engine cooling system. You have to pay attention to the fact that the cooling water warms up comparatively slowly, so that in each case

the problem is not resolved after the first driving time. From DE-OS 10

14 76 207 a constant pressure internal combustion engine has become known, in which the fuel is preheated in the same way. However, this is a stationary, low-speed machine with very small speed differences, with which the problem of a Frequent start-ups from a cold state are not given because machines of this type are operated in enclosed spaces.

DE-OS 30 21 282 discloses a device for preheating fuel became known in which an electrically operated Heizcjielle is used. This document also speaks of the fact that the exhaust gases are used to heat the fuel can use. In particular when using exhaust gases there is a risk that the fuel will overheat

can occur if the engine is operated for too long, causing 25th

a vapor lock is generated, which can lead to the stopping or at least to uneven running of the engine. A solution rubs also describes "the""DE-OS 31 08 667; ^namely -a combination of

Fuel preheating with the engine cooling system and with an additional

'

Additional heating, The main disadvantage of electric heating is that it continues in the event of damage is operated when the engine is stopped altogether.

The object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned at the beginning To create a type and a device for carrying out the method, ν with the or the immediately after the start a sufficient

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Fuel preheating achieved and in which it is ensured that the preheating of the fuel after switching off the engine is also terminated, while at the same time avoiding overheating of the fuel with the formation of vapor bubbles.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing Features of claim 1.

With the fiction, contemporary method, heating of the diesel fuel is achieved very quickly, so that immediately after After starting the engine, there is no longer any risk of clogging narrow bores due to the formation of paraffin. When compared to that would use the engine's cooling water as it did when standing the technology is provided, then the heating of the diesel; fuel considerably delayed. On the one hand, the cooling water flowing through the water cooler is heated considerably more slowly and above it In addition, the cooler is in the first time after starting the engine

" _{N switched off} from the cooling system by means of a thermostat, so that the water temperature in the engine rises as quickly as possible, which is why the cooling circuit does not contribute to preheating of the diesel fuel, or only very little, in the first time after the start. ;

The starting behavior of a diesel engine is therefore considerably improved by the method according to the invention.

"■ When the engine oil is heated to an operating temperature of around 90 degrees, the diesel power -

material is preheated to this temperature, which significantly improves the combustion efficiency in the engine. This improvement the efficiency is reflected in a fuel saving of 12 to 15%.

As has also been found in investigations

the soot produced during the combustion process in the diesel engine reduced by approx. 50%, which makes a significant contribution to environmental protection perform. , -4-

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In a first embodiment of the invention, the device for performing the method is the characterizing part of the Claim 2 can be found. It is essential that the diesel fuel in the interior of the pipe coil as possible slowly flows. This is achieved in a particularly advantageous manner in that the flow cross-section, i.e. the pipe cross-section as large as possible and the wall thickness is selected as small as possible.

The inner diameter of the pipeline is expediently 10

8 to 10 mm and the wall thickness selected to 0.4 to 0.5 mm. Through this the current is swaying! ity reduced to an appropriate value, so that the transfer of heat to the diesel fuel is optimized.

Another advantageous embodiment of the invention is shown in the features of claim 4. The container that is practical covers the entire oil pan and essentially the inner contour the oil pan is adapted; causes a reduction in the flow velocity to very low values, so that the diesel fuel can stay in the container for a very long time and therefore particularly is heated quickly.

The fact that on the floor in the oil pan in general beads for Are arranged to increase the strength, remains between the container or the pipe snake and the bottom of the oil pan a certain gap through which the engine oil can flow, so that the container snakes in the same way as the pipeline

are always bathed in oil on all sides, which is important for the transmission 30th

the heat in the engine oil on the container or on the Pipeline snakes and is therefore extremely useful on the diesel fuel.

Another embodiment of the invention is the claims 8 to 35

remove. Because of the lamellas, the surface of the container becomes or the pipe enlarged, so that the heat transfer

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is increased from oil to diesel fuel.

Further advantageous refinements of the invention can be found in the 5 further subclaims.

The invention is applicable to all types of diesel engines, both stationary and those housed in vehicles Diesel engines, both in passenger vehicles and in trucks and rail vehicles.

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Based on the drawing, in which some embodiments of the invention is shown, the invention and further advantageous embodiments and improvements of the invention are to be explained in more detail and be described.

It shows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view through a

Oil pan of a motor vehicle, according to the Section line I-I,

Fig. 2 shows a view of the interior of the oil pan.

measured Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 - a sectional view through an oil pan in which

a further embodiment of the invention is realized, according to section line III-III of FIG. 4,

FIG. 4 shows an insight into the oil pan according to FIG. 3,

Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view through a

Oil pan with a third embodiment of the

Device according to the invention, according to section 25

line V-V of Fig. 6,

6 shows an insight into the oil pan according to FIG. 5,

Fig. 7 '-. a sectional view through an oil pan with a

3Q further embodiment of the invention, similar

the sectional view according to FIGS. I, III or 5,

Fig. B 'shows a partial section along the line VIII-VIII

3g of Fig. 7, and

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9 is a schematic view of a motor vehicle,

in which the invention is implemented.

Reference is first made to FIG. 9. In a passenger vehicle 10 there is an engine 11 in the front area, the '0 from a tank 12 for diesel fuel located in the rear area Supplied with diesel fuel via a line 13. The line 13 opens into an oil pan 14 attached below the engine 11, extends through this oil pan in the inventive oil pan shown below Way and comes out of the oil pan at the other end as line 15 out; this line 15 opens into an injection pump 16 in the engine, where the diesel fuel is fed to the engine in a manner known per se. 11, i.e. transported into the individual cylinders.

Reference is now made to FIG. 1. There is a schematically Cross section drawn through the oil pan 14. The oil pan 14 has its upper, free end a flange 16, 'with which it is screwed against a counterpart (not shown in detail) on the engine. The flange 16 is penetrated by bores 17 through which screws can be inserted, with which the oil pan is then attached to the engine

“Can be.” In the bottom area the oil pan has 14 beads _18, _deren

Number - the strength of the oil pan, which is stamped from sheet metal, certainly. in the interior of the oil pan 14 there is oil 19 up to the upper oil level 20. In the oil pan or in the oil 19 protrudes a suction port 21 (see Fig. 3 or 5) with an oil filter (not shown in detail), through which the oil is sucked into the engine. The way in which the oil circulation is designed within the engine is not here ^

significant.
.

- In Fig. 9 it is indicated schematically that the line 13 at "

one side opens into the oil pan 14 and on the opposite side

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Side the line 15 is led out. As can be seen from Fig. 2, g can both lines 13 and 15 on the same side of the oil pan

merge. The end of the oil line 13 opens into a

Line bushing. That of the line bushing 22 for the line 15 corresponds. It is formed in a manner known per se by a clamping piece, at both ends of which pipelines can be clamped

are »At the outer end of the clamping piece or the passage 22 either the line 13 or the line 15 connects; the two Clamping pieces 22 and 23 each reach through the wall of the oil pan in two adjacent, not shown bores 14 and at the inner end of the two clamping pieces 22 and 23, the two ends 25 and 26 of a pipe coil 24 are connected. This pipe coil 24 must be as long as possible so that As much of the surface as possible is wetted by the oil 19. Accordingly, the pipe coil 24 runs partly in a zig'zag shape in the area

17, and partly adapted to the outer contour of the oil pan 14 in a meandering shape in area 28. 'Area 29 has an approximately U-shaped configuration , through which a pipe s serpentine ^, free space 30 created is through which the intake manifold 21 to immediately

can reach through to the bottom of the oil pan. '' ■

The pipe line s snake 24 rests on the beads 18 so that

between the bottom of the oil pipe and the lower level of the pipe

line coil oil can flow. In this way it is achieved

that the entire coiled pipe essentially from all sides is bathed in oil.

The pipe snake consists of a circular tube with the largest possible inner diameter and the smallest possible Must have wall thickness. The size of the inner diameter is chosen so that the diesel power flowing through the line 13

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dtoffrrienge their flow velocity significantly reduced, in which

in this area the flow cross-section is enlarged. Accordingly 5

is conveniently a tube diameter of 8 to 10 mm and a wall thickness of o, _o 4 mm as material for the serpentine pipeline 24 may be a copper pipe, an aluminum pipe, or optionally also a steel pipe to be used; It is best to use a material whose thermal conductivity is as high as possible and whose plastic deformability is also as high as possible in order to avoid kinks that reduce the cross-section in the area of the bending points.

As can be seen from Fig. 1, there are the two clamping pieces 22 and 23 above the level in which the pipeline is snake. However, this is only due to the fact that in the area between the ground a transition radius is provided for the oil pan and the side walls, such clamping pieces 22 and 23 are not fastened in its area

can be.
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From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the oil pan has a bevel 31 in its right lower area in the plane of the drawing; ■ this bevel is not important for the invention; rather, it is a bevel created by the construction

of the motor vehicle engine depends. Of course, the oil pan can also do one

—Circular cross-section or a: square cross-section ~

exhibit. ...

Instead of a pipe snake can also be in the oil pan 14

flat, the inner contour of the oil pan 14 adapted container 32 can be used. This container 32 consists of an upper and a lower ¹¹ cup part 33 and 34, which each have a flange-like flange 35 and 36 on the peripheral edge, with which they abut against one another and are connected to one another in a liquid-tight manner.

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As can be seen from FIG. 4 and mentioned above, the container is 32 adapted to the outer contour and it lies in the same way on the

Crimps 18 of the oil pan, like the pipe coil 24, so that 5

between the bottom of the oil pan 14 and the lower outer surface of the lower part 34 is oil.

The intake port 21 is located directly on the upper surface.des Container 32; you could use the intake manifold 21 to to press the container 32 down against the beads, so that the container 32 is fixed immovably in any case "

You can see here that the line 13 connects in the left-hand area, a clamp piece 22, as shown in the right-hand area, is not provided, but only a liquid-tight one Welding is indicated. Of course, a clamping piece 22 or 23 can also be provided on the left.

In the right area, from the diesel oil after flowing through it of the container 32 flows out, an adapter 37 is provided which is connected to the upper part 33, wherein in the area of the clamping piece 22 a recess 38 is provided, which leaves sufficient space for the clamping piece. The connection 37 is with the inner part of the clamping piece

22 and the line 15 with the outer part of the clamping piece 22 connected

bound. '. ', .- .. ■

A container 40 similar to the container 32 is shown in FIG. 6, this container also has an upper part and a lower part, which corresponds to the upper and lower part of the embodiment according to FIG

speaks; this container 40 has a recess 41 in its corresponds to the outer contour of the U-shape 29, as a result of which a space 42 is formed through which, as can be seen in FIG. 5, the intake port 21 right through to the ground. It can be seen in Fig. 5 that the two connecting lines 13 and 15 directly through holes in the

Side walls of the oil pan 14 passed through and liquid-tight therein are welded.

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Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG and 8 can be seen. A container is located within an oil pan 45 46, which is composed of the upper and lower container parts 33 and 34

is set. On the container upper part 33 of the container 46, several lamellas 47 arranged next to one another are provided, with more Lamellas 4b on the lower container part 34 correspond. The slats form several groups of slats 49, 50, 51; these groups are like that dimensioned and coordinated so that the beads run between two groups 49, 50 and 50, 51 respectively. The slats 47 lie parallel to the beads 52.

In addition, in the area of the beads 52 and adjoining them, there are further beads 54 in the oil pan side wall 53, the one Have an S-shaped curved inner contour on which the container 46 rests approximately in the region of the turning point 55.

The slats 48 and 47, which are of different lengths, serve to to transfer the heat in the oil as quickly as possible to the diesel fuel flowing inside the container 46. To this Purposes, the length of the upper lamellae 47 should be such that they are always below the oil level 20,

2g With the arrangement according to the invention, the following is achieved:

At low temperatures there is a risk that the diesel fuel Form paraffin pieces or particles. If these paraffin particles get into the injection pump, there is a risk that they will clog thin bores and the like in the injection pump.

The fact that the diesel oil or the diesel fuel through the pipe coil 24 or through the container 32, 40 and 46, the diesel fuel is fed into the injection pump warmed up so far that paraffin pieces or paraffin particles be dissolved so that the clogging in the injection pump is avoided. - -,

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There is also the possibility of additionally having the line 15 run through the oil line to the engine, as a result of which κ an additional heating of the diesel fuel is effected.

The invention is explained using a passenger vehicle with the tank at the rear and the outlet of the diesel fuel line 15 is shown lying at the front, of course, in an actually executed construction, the line 15 to the Motor are relocated to such a point that is in the slipstream of an engine component, so that the line 15 is not exposed to the wind is cooled again.

Of course, the concept of the invention is not limited to passenger vehicles; it can be used with all types of diesel engines. In addition, there are a number of modifications, all of which are within the scope of protection. It is essential that the diesel fuel line runs through the engine oil, be it in the oil * ® container or in the oil pan, be it at another point where the engine oil warmed up during operation of the engine is collected or conveyed, and from this is washed around.

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Claims (1)

oa if ov. Claims Iy Process for heating diesel fuel for diesel engines especially for passenger vehicles, with an oil pan, which is attached to the diesel engine and from which the Mötöröl for distribution is sucked in in the diesel engine, characterized in that the 2Q diesel fuel is passed through the oil pan for the engine oil 'and there is heated by the engine oil. 2 "Device for performing the method according to claim 1, . characterized in that the bottom of the oil pan (14, 45) is serpentine a pipe (24) is laid, one end (26) of which is liquid- led out tightly from the oil pan and with one from a diesel fuel tank (12) coming line (13) and its other end (25) "with" an "to" an injection pump (16) on the engine (11) further line (15) is connected.
30th .3. Apparatus according to claim 2, having an oil pan (14) at the bottom has beads (18) for stiffening, characterized in that the serpentine pipeline (24) zigzag or m other-shaped is laid in one plane and that the pipeline (24) rests on the beads (18), in such a way that the pipeline - from all sides of the engine oil is washed around. -7-2- EPO COPY ■ & -Z- 4. Device for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that a closed container, into which the diesel fuel is placed, rests on the bottom of the oil pan (14) at a distance from it fed through the side wall of the oil pan (14) from a tank (12) and from which the heated diesel fuel is passed out again will. «Q 5. Device according to claim 4, with in the bottom of the oil pan (14) provided beads (18), characterized in that the container (32, 40) is placed on the beads and, if necessary, by the Side walls of the oil pan (45) protruding further beads (54) is fixed on the side.
. 6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that that the pipe snake (24) or the container (40) leaves a space (30, 42) free through which the suction pipe or the suction filter. for the oil through to the bottom of the oil tub (14) is guided in such a way that the suction nozzle from the pipeline snake (24) or is surrounded by the container (40). 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the container from the suction port downwards ^ is pressed against the beads (18). δ. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the container (46) or on the pipeline (24) transversely there.zu extending lamellae (47, 48) are formed, which for enlargement the surface of the pipeline (24) or the container (46) serve so that the heat transfer from the oil to the diesel fuel is increased. 9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the inner diameter of the pipes (24) between 8 and 10 mm and the thickness of the pipe is about 0.4 to 0.5 mm. -3-EPO COPY '' 3U1384 10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the height of the container (40) 46, 32) is approx. 10 mm 5 carries and the wall thickness is about 0.4 to 0.5 mm. 11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that copper, aluminum or steel is provided as the material for the pipeline or the container. 12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the cross section of the container (40, 46, 32) or of the pipes (24) transversely to the direction of flow of the diesel fuel is chosen so that the flow rate opposite 15 of those in the lines (13, 15) is considerably reduced. EPO COPY β