EP0305854A2 - Heating device for diesel oil or heating oil for an engine or a burner - Google Patents

Heating device for diesel oil or heating oil for an engine or a burner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0305854A2
EP0305854A2 EP19880113662 EP88113662A EP0305854A2 EP 0305854 A2 EP0305854 A2 EP 0305854A2 EP 19880113662 EP19880113662 EP 19880113662 EP 88113662 A EP88113662 A EP 88113662A EP 0305854 A2 EP0305854 A2 EP 0305854A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
line
hose
fuel
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19880113662
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0305854A3 (en
Inventor
Fritz Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MUELLER, JOERG DIETER FRITZ
Original Assignee
Mueller Jorg Dieter Fritz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19873741281 external-priority patent/DE3741281A1/en
Application filed by Mueller Jorg Dieter Fritz filed Critical Mueller Jorg Dieter Fritz
Publication of EP0305854A2 publication Critical patent/EP0305854A2/en
Publication of EP0305854A3 publication Critical patent/EP0305854A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/18—Heating or cooling the filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/16—Other apparatus for heating fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/14—Details thereof
    • F23K5/20—Preheating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/062—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing tubular conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/905—Materials of manufacture

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for heating diesel or heating oil according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular a device for diesel vehicles for heating the diesel fuel supplied to the engine.
  • Diesel heaters are known and customary which consist of a continuous-flow heater which is heated by the battery power of the vehicle and which is installed in the fuel line in front of the fuel filter and which, at low outside temperatures, are heated by the diesel fuel instead of an admixing of flow improvers or the like to the diesel fuel which is otherwise required Prevent the paraffin from flocculating in the fuel and thereby clogging the fuel filter.
  • These conventional electric diesel heaters are only intended to heat the diesel fuel to such an extent that the paraffin wax can no longer occur in the fuel filter in frost and temperatures of the diesel fuel below 0 ° C.
  • diesel fuel Apart from the paraffin flocculation at winter temperatures below 0 ° C, diesel fuel also brings with it the difficulty that, in contrast to the gasoline engine, which burns the gasoline largely in vaporized form, the diesel fuel is only atomized into the finest droplets by an injection pump and such a drop of fuel is much more difficult to burn completely than the gasoline-air mixture of a gasoline engine.
  • a complete combustion of the diesel oil succeeds at most in the oxygen-rich edge zone of the fuel drop, and the more imperfect the atomization and the incomplete the combustion of the diesel fuel, the stronger besides the emission of nitrogen oxides the emergence of smoking and sooting exhaust gases and the particle emission in the diesel smoke .
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device that is as inexpensive to manufacture and as simple as possible in the vehicle, even later, can be installed and with which both in winter cold diesel fuel can be heated if necessary, mainly to blockage when starting the diesel engine to avoid the diesel filter by gelling, as well as at any time of the year the diesel fuel can be heated in such an economical way for the operation of the diesel engine that it is as perfect as possible and low in pollutants economical fuel combustion occurs in the diesel engine.
  • the device contains a heat exchanger 1 which is inserted into a cooling water line 2 of the vehicle between the engine and the radiator and in which the fuel line 4, which passes through the heat exchanger to the diesel filter 3, is in heat exchange with the engine cooling water.
  • the heat exchanger could also be heated with engine exhaust gases or with engine cooling air.
  • the device contains an electric radiator 5 which is arranged directly on or in the diesel filter and heats the filter volume and can be switched on and off in a controlled manner, for example by hand if required or automatically with the aid of a temperature sensor when a predetermined fuel temperature at the inlet or inside the diesel filter is undershot .
  • the diesel fuel as soon as Shortly after the engine starts, warming cooling water gets into the heat exchanger, warms up to a temperature that is above the limit of filterability in winter and prevents the diesel filter from becoming blocked, and moreover heats up continuously and without additional energy expenditure for every driving operation Flowability improves that more perfect and soot-free combustion and a reduction in fuel consumption occur.
  • the particularly frozen diesel filter 3 can be thawed at particularly low cold temperatures by switching on the electric heating element 5 and warmed up to such an extent that fouling by fuel flowing in and not yet heated in the heat exchanger 1 does not occur .
  • the electric radiator 5 only needs to be switched on for a short period of time for thawing the filter and / or warming up the filter contents, and for saving electricity and protecting the vehicle battery, the switching on and off can be done in a simple manner, for example by manual operation with a push-button switch .
  • the heat exchanger shown in Figure 2 consists of a tubular housing 6, which has stepped connecting pieces 7 on both ends for pushing on and clamping cooling water hose lines with different occurring diameters.
  • the housing 6 is divided in the longitudinal direction into two semi-cylindrical shells 8 and 9 which are tightly connected to one another, for example by screwing together on connecting flanges which project laterally on the longitudinal edges of the shells.
  • a helical coil 10 which is helically wound in the longitudinal direction of the housing and can be connected to the fuel line 4, the pipe ends of which protrude in the radial direction are inserted through bushings 11 which are tightly and firmly arranged on the shells and in the bushings by means of a sealing ring 12 and a screw nut 13 till are sealed.
  • the housing 6 can be made of aluminum or sheet metal, for example. The assembly of this heat exchanger is very simple, since the coiled tubing 10 can be conveniently inserted between the two shells and led out of the housing with its tube ends and can then be easily and properly fastened and sealed in the housing bushing openings.
  • the heat exchanger shown in Figure 3 consists of a hose 14, as is usually used as a cooling water hose between the engine and radiator, and a helical pipe coil 15 pushed onto the hose, which is covered by a sleeve 16 to avoid unnecessary heat loss.
  • the hose 14 and the sleeve 16 can consist of a sufficiently temperature-resistant rubber or plastic or another elastomeric material which is usually suitable for the production of flexible hoses.
  • the space between hose 14 and sleeve 16 is closed at both ends by end walls 17.
  • Sleeve 16 and end walls 17 can consist of a single part and can be firmly connected to the hose 14 by vulcanization when rubber is used for the hose and sleeve.
  • At least one end wall 17 can be removable and connected to the sleeve 16 in order to be able to slide the sleeve 16 over the coiled tubing 15 already pushed onto the hose 14.
  • the hose 14 can have any shape and length and have the appropriate connections at its ends depending on the application.
  • the space between the hose 14 and the sleeve 16 can be filled with a good heat-conducting solid material, in which, for example, the coiled tubing 15 has been embedded before being pushed onto the hose 14.
  • the manufacture of the heat exchanger can be incorporated directly into the production of the usual cooling water hoses for motor vehicles and the cooling water line containing the heat exchanger from one continuous continuous hose section to be connected only to the engine and the radiator.
  • the heat transfer from the cooling water to the fuel can be influenced in such a way that the fuel is more normally used
  • Cooling water temperature has the most favorable temperature for injection and atomization of about 70 ° Celsius and is not heated to a temperature leading, for example, to the formation of vapor bubbles.
  • two heat exchangers can be arranged one behind the other in the same cooling water hose line in order to carry out the continuous diesel heating with one heat exchanger and to produce warm washing water for the windshield washer system with the other heat exchanger.
  • a cooling water hose with a coiled tubing in the cooling water flow and in the cooling water return of the engine can be provided for the heating of diesel fuel and windshield washer fluid, or a second coiled tubing 15 can be pushed onto the hose 14 and encased with the sleeve 16 .
  • FIG. 4 A particularly simple and advantageous embodiment of the electrical device for the diesel heating device, which is separate from the heat exchanger for manufacturing and assembly reasons, is shown in FIG. 4 and uses the pot of the diesel filter itself as a heat exchange space for accommodating an electric radiator rinsed by the diesel fuel.
  • the housing 18 of the diesel filter contains a filter insert 19, which usually has a cavity in the middle. Under this cavity, the filter housing usually has a water drain opening 20 which is closed by a water drain screw 21. By loosening the water drain screw 21, a sealing washer 22 lifts somewhat from the filter housing or from the drain plug and can be drained from the diesel filter through a longitudinal groove 23 which is formed on the screw-in end 24 of the water drain plug 21.
  • the electric heater is arranged in the form of a heating rod 25 protruding into the cavity of the filter insert 19, the connecting wires of which are passed through the screw-in end 24 of the water drain plug and end in connection contacts 26 on the outside of the water drain plug.
  • the drain plug 21 is made of metal, only the power supply line to the heating element needs to be passed through the drain plugs in an insulated manner and the power return line can take place directly via the drain plug to the usually metallic filter housing as a ground pole.
  • the heating element 25 expediently contains a heating wire winding made of nickel wire up to 1 mm in diameter, wound on a ceramic core.
  • any commercially available diesel filter can be converted into an electric diesel heater in a very simple manner by the conventional water drain screw against that according to the invention with the electric heating element equipped water drain plug is replaced. Additional conversion and sealing work on the diesel fuel line is no longer necessary.
  • the electric heater in the form of the heating element 25 can also be inserted into the filter housing from above through an opening provided in the filter cover.
  • the two semi-cylindrical housing shells 27 consist of sheet metal.
  • the longitudinal edges 28 of the one housing shell are offset in the radial direction, preferably outwards in the radial direction, and overlap the longitudinal edges 29 of the other housing shell.
  • the two housing shells are tightly and firmly connected to each other after the convenient installation of the coiled tubing 30, for example by induction welding.
  • the bushing 31 can be fastened by means of a counter nut screwed on from the outside.
  • the sealing of the bushings on the sheet metal wall of the housing shells can be done mechanically by induction welding, which can be done in the same operation as the induction welding of the two housing shells.
  • the fastening shoulder 32 expediently contains a bead 33 which surrounds the grommets 31 in a ring, with which the fastening shoulder 32 contacts the sheet metal wall and the tightness of the induction welding is ensured.
  • the heat exchanger shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, like the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 3, consists of a hose 14 made of rubber, plastic or another elastomer material and a coiled tubing 15, which is however exposed in the interior of the hose 14 and from which liquid flowing through the hose, e.g. B. engine cooling water is washed directly.
  • the radially directed ends of the pipe coil 15 are liquid-tight through the tube wall and out of the tube.
  • the pipe coil 15 is arranged directly in the hose during the vulcanization production of the rubber hose or injection molding production of the plastic hose and is inserted into the shaping tool for the hose production.
  • the coiled tubing is 15, already during hose manufacture, surrounded by a sleeve 35, which can be made of any material that can withstand the processing temperature of the hose material.
  • the sleeve 35 is provided at a circumferential point with a longitudinal slot 37 through which the ends of the tube coil 15 can be pushed in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve.
  • a strip-shaped cover 36 is then placed on the outside of the sleeve 35, which has two holes to match the two radial ends of the coiled tubing 15 and thus in the radial direction on the two ends of the coiled tubing 15 and on the outside of the sleeve 35 can be postponed.
  • the application of the heat exchanger design according to the invention for diesel heating described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, 5 and 7 does not require that the electric heater for heating the filter volume is also used on the diesel filter.
  • the heat exchangers described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, 5 and 7 can also be used with great advantage without an electric diesel heating for the purpose of continuously heating the diesel fuel so high, far beyond the temperature required to avoid filter contamination, regardless of the season that the improvement in atomization during injection and the fuel-saving and low-emission combustion in the engine occurs.
  • the entire device according to the invention or only the heat exchanger according to the invention from FIGS. 2, 3, 5 and 7 can generally be used as a diesel saving device not only in all vehicles with a diesel engine, but also in stationary systems in which diesel or heating oil is atomized for combustion is used, as for example in oil fired heating systems in buildings to heat the heating oil circulating through the heating system to improve atomization and combustion in the oil burner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The device for heating the diesel fuel fed to the engine on diesel vehicles contains a heat exchanger heating the fuel line before it reaches the diesel filter, which heat exchanger is heated by a flow of warm engine cooling water for continuous heating of the diesel fuel without any additional energy consumption, and an electrical heating element arranged on the diesel filter directly heating the volume of the filter or fuel contained in the filter housing, which heating element controlled, for example, manually can be switched on or off only as required. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Er­wärmen von Diesel- oder Heizöl gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1, insbesondere eine Vorrichtung für Die­selfahrzeuge zum Erwärmen des dem Motor zugeführten Die­selkraftstoffs.The invention relates to a device for heating diesel or heating oil according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular a device for diesel vehicles for heating the diesel fuel supplied to the engine.

Es sind Dieselheizer bekannt und gebräuchlich, die aus einem mit dem Batteriestrom des Fahrzeugs beheizten, vor dem Kraftstoffilter in die Kraftstoffleitung eingebauten Durchlauferwärmer bestehen und die bei niedrigen Außen­temperaturen durch eine Erwärmung des Dieselkraftstoffs, anstelle einer sonst erforderlichen Hinzumischung von Fließverbesserern oder dergleichen zum Dieselkraftstoff, ein Ausflocken des Paraffins im Kraftstoff und dadurch ein Verstopfen des Kraftstoffilters verhindern. Diese ge­bräuchlichen elektrischen Dieselheizer sind nur dafür vor­gesehen, um bei Frost und Temperaturen des Dieselkraft­stoffs unter 0° C den Dieselkraftstoff nur so weit zu er­wärmen, daß die Paräffinausflockung im Kraftstoffilter nicht mehr eintreten kann. Wegen ihrer enorm hohen Strom­aufnahme, die einen zusätzlichen Energieaufwand und eine starke Belastung für die Fahrzeugbatterie darstellt, wer­den diese gebräuchlichen elektrischen Dieselheizer deshalb auch in Abhängigkeit von der Kraftstofftemperatur von ei­nem Thermoschalter nur bei Unterschreiten der Frostgrenze eingeschaltet und bei Überschreiten der Frostgrenze auto­matisch wieder ausgeschaltet.Diesel heaters are known and customary which consist of a continuous-flow heater which is heated by the battery power of the vehicle and which is installed in the fuel line in front of the fuel filter and which, at low outside temperatures, are heated by the diesel fuel instead of an admixing of flow improvers or the like to the diesel fuel which is otherwise required Prevent the paraffin from flocculating in the fuel and thereby clogging the fuel filter. These conventional electric diesel heaters are only intended to heat the diesel fuel to such an extent that the paraffin wax can no longer occur in the fuel filter in frost and temperatures of the diesel fuel below 0 ° C. Because of their enormously high power consumption, which represents an additional energy expenditure and a heavy load on the vehicle battery, these common electric diesel heaters are therefore only dependent on the fuel temperature of a thermal switch if the frost limit is undershot switched on and automatically switched off again when the frost limit is exceeded.

Abgesehen von der Paraffinausflockung bei winterli­chen Temperaturen unterhalb von 0° C bringt Dieselkraft­stoff auch noch die Schwierigkeit mit sich, daß beim Die­selmotor im Gegensatz zum Ottomotor, der das Benzin weit­gehend in verdampfter Form verbrennt, der Dieseltreib­stoff von einer Einspritzpumpe nur in feinste Tröpfchen zerstäubt wird und ein solcher Kraftstofftropfen viel schwieriger vollständig zu verbrennen ist als das Benzin-­Luftgemisch eines Ottomotors. Eine vollständige Verbren­nung des Dieselöls gelingt höchstens in der sauerstoff­reichen Randzone des Treibstofftropfens, und je unvoll­kommener die Zerstäubung und unvollständig die Verbren­nung des Dieselkraftstoffs ist, um so stärker ist neben dem Ausstoß von Stickoxiden vor allem das Entstehen von rauchenden und rußenden Abgasen und die Partikelemission im Dieselrauch. Eine bedeutende Verbesserung der Zerstäu­bung und damit eine vollständigere, im Verbrauch sparsa­mere und den Schadstoffgehält in den Abgasen reduzierende Verbrennung wäre zu erreichen, wenn der Dieselkraftstoff über seine normale Viskosität bei Raumtemperatur hinaus besonders fließfähig und dünnflüssig gemacht würde und hierzu auf Temperaturen im Breich zwischen etwa 40 und 80° Celsius erwärmt würde. Dies ist aber mit den gebräuch­lichen elektrischen Dieselheizern wegen der dazu notwen­digen, enorm hohen elektrischen Energie unmöglich.Apart from the paraffin flocculation at winter temperatures below 0 ° C, diesel fuel also brings with it the difficulty that, in contrast to the gasoline engine, which burns the gasoline largely in vaporized form, the diesel fuel is only atomized into the finest droplets by an injection pump and such a drop of fuel is much more difficult to burn completely than the gasoline-air mixture of a gasoline engine. A complete combustion of the diesel oil succeeds at most in the oxygen-rich edge zone of the fuel drop, and the more imperfect the atomization and the incomplete the combustion of the diesel fuel, the stronger besides the emission of nitrogen oxides the emergence of smoking and sooting exhaust gases and the particle emission in the diesel smoke . A significant improvement in atomization and thus a more complete combustion, which is more economical in terms of consumption and reduces the amount of pollutants in the exhaust gases, would be achieved if the diesel fuel were made to be particularly fluid and fluid, in addition to its normal viscosity at room temperature, and at temperatures in the range between about 40 and heated to 80 degrees Celsius. However, this is impossible with the conventional electric diesel heaters because of the enormously high electrical energy required.

Die Erfindung hat zur Aufgabe, eine Vorrichtung zu schaf­fen, die möglichst preiswert herstellbar und möglichst einfach in das Fahrzeug, auch nachträglich noch, einbau­bar ist und mit der sowohl bei Winterkälte der Dieselkraft stoff im Bedarfsfall erwärmbar ist, um hauptsächlich beim Starten des Dieselmotors eine Verstopfung des Dieselfil­ters durch Versulzen zu vermeiden, als auch zu jeder Jah­reszeit in wirtschaftlicher Weise der Dieselkraftstoff dauernd für den Dieselmotorbetrieb dermaßen erwärmt werden kann, daß eine möglichst vollkommene, schadstoffarme und sparsame Kraftstoffverbrennung im Dieselmotor eintritt.The invention has for its object to provide a device that is as inexpensive to manufacture and as simple as possible in the vehicle, even later, can be installed and with which both in winter cold diesel fuel can be heated if necessary, mainly to blockage when starting the diesel engine to avoid the diesel filter by gelling, as well as at any time of the year the diesel fuel can be heated in such an economical way for the operation of the diesel engine that it is as perfect as possible and low in pollutants economical fuel combustion occurs in the diesel engine.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung in erster Linie durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 enthal­tenen Merkmale gelöst. Besonders vorteilhafte und zweck­mäßige, erfindungsgemäße Ausführungen der Vorrichtung sind in den Unteransprüchen abgegeben und werden nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben. In der Zeichnung zeigen

  • Figur 1 in schematisierter Darstellung den Wärmetauscher und den elektrischen Heizkörper als Hauptbestandteil der Vorrichtung;
  • Figur 2 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel des Wärmetauschers im Längsschnitt;
  • Figur 3 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel des Wärmetauschers im Längsschnitt;
  • Figur 4 ein Ausführungsbeispiel des elektrischen Heiz­körpers;
  • Figuren 5 und 6 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel des Wärme­tauschers im Längsschnitt und Querschnitt;
  • Figur 7 und 8 ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel des Wärem­tauschers im Längsschnitt und Querschnitt.
This object is achieved according to the invention primarily by the features contained in the characterizing part of claim 1. Particularly advantageous and expedient embodiments of the device according to the invention are given in the subclaims and are described in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show in the drawing
  • Figure 1 in a schematic representation of the heat exchanger and the electric radiator as the main component of the device;
  • Figure 2 shows a first embodiment of the heat exchanger in longitudinal section;
  • Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the heat exchanger in longitudinal section;
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment of the electric heater;
  • Figures 5 and 6, a third embodiment of the heat exchanger in longitudinal section and cross section;
  • Figures 7 and 8, a fourth embodiment of the heat exchanger in longitudinal section and cross section.

Die Vorrichtung enthält einen Wärmetauscher 1, der in ei­ne Kühlwasserleitung 2 des Fahrzeuges zwischen Motor und Kühler eingesetzt ist und in dem die durch den Wärmetau­scher zum Dieselfilter 3 weiterführende Kraftstoffleitung 4 mit dem Motorkühlwasser in Wärmeaustausch steht. An­statt mit Motorkühlwasser könnte die Beheizung des Wär­metauschers auch mit Motorabgasen oder mit Motorkühlluft erfolgen. Ferner enthält die Vorrichtung einen unmittelbar am oder im Dieselfilter angeordneten und das Filtervolu­men beheizenden elektrischen Heizkörper 5, der gesteuert ein- und ausschaltbar ist, beispielsweise bei Bedarf von Hand oder selbsttätig mit Hilfe eines Temperatur­fühlers bei Unterschreiten einer vorbestimmten Kraft­stofftemperatur am Zulauf oder im Innern des Dieselfilters. Mit dem Wärmetauscher 1 wird der Dieselkraftstoff, sobald kurz nach dem Start des Motors warm werdendes Kühlwasser in den Wärmetauscher gelangt, auf eine Temperatur erwärmt die im Winter über der Grenze der Filtrierbarkeit liegt und eine Verstopfung des Dieselfilters verhindert, und darüber hinaus kontinuierlich, ohne zusätzlichen Energie­aufwand für jeden Fahrbetrieb so erwärmt und in der Fließ­fähigkeit verbessert, daß eine vollkommenere und rußfreie­re Verbrennung und eine Reduzierung des Kraftstoffver­brauchs eintritt. Zur Überbrückung der Startphase, bis der Wärmetauscher genügende Wirksamkeit erreicht, kann bei besonders niedrigen Kältetemperaturen durch Einschalten des elektrischen Heizkörpers 5 der gegebenenfalls einge­frorene Dieselfilter 3 aufgetaut und so weit angewärmt werden, daß ein Versulzen durch zufließenden, noch nicht im Wärmetauscher 1 erwärmten Kraftstoff nicht eintritt. Der elektrische Heizkörper 5 braucht nur im Bedarfsfall für ein Auftauen des Filters und/oder Anwärmen des Fil­terinhalts und hierfür nur kurzzeitig eingeschaltet zu werden, und zur Stromersparnis und Schonung der Fahrzeug­batterie kann das Ein- und Ausschalten in einfachster Weise beispielsweise durch Handbetätigung mit einem Druck­tastenschalter erfolgen.The device contains a heat exchanger 1 which is inserted into a cooling water line 2 of the vehicle between the engine and the radiator and in which the fuel line 4, which passes through the heat exchanger to the diesel filter 3, is in heat exchange with the engine cooling water. Instead of using engine cooling water, the heat exchanger could also be heated with engine exhaust gases or with engine cooling air. Furthermore, the device contains an electric radiator 5 which is arranged directly on or in the diesel filter and heats the filter volume and can be switched on and off in a controlled manner, for example by hand if required or automatically with the aid of a temperature sensor when a predetermined fuel temperature at the inlet or inside the diesel filter is undershot . With the heat exchanger 1, the diesel fuel as soon as Shortly after the engine starts, warming cooling water gets into the heat exchanger, warms up to a temperature that is above the limit of filterability in winter and prevents the diesel filter from becoming blocked, and moreover heats up continuously and without additional energy expenditure for every driving operation Flowability improves that more perfect and soot-free combustion and a reduction in fuel consumption occur. To bridge the start phase until the heat exchanger achieves sufficient effectiveness, the particularly frozen diesel filter 3 can be thawed at particularly low cold temperatures by switching on the electric heating element 5 and warmed up to such an extent that fouling by fuel flowing in and not yet heated in the heat exchanger 1 does not occur . The electric radiator 5 only needs to be switched on for a short period of time for thawing the filter and / or warming up the filter contents, and for saving electricity and protecting the vehicle battery, the switching on and off can be done in a simple manner, for example by manual operation with a push-button switch .

Der in Figur 2 dargestellte Wärmetauscher besteht aus einem rohrförmigen Gehäuse 6, das an beiden Stirnseiten gestufte Anschlußstutzen 7 zum Aufschieben und Festklem­men von Kühlwasserschlauchleitungen mit unterschiedlich vorkommenden Durchmessern aufweist. Das Gehäuse 6 ist in Längsrichtung in zwei halbzylindrische Schalen 8 und 9 un­terteilt, die dicht miteinander verbunden sind, zum Bei­spiel durch Zusammenschrauben an Verbindungsflanschen, die an den Längsrändern der Schalen seitlich abstehen. Zwi­schen die beiden Schalen ist eine in Gehäuselängsrichtung schraubenförmig gewundene, mit der Kraftstoffleitung 4 verbindbare Rohrwendel 10 eingelegt, deren in radialer Richtung abstehende Rohrenden durch an den Schalen dicht und fest angeordnete Durchführungshülsen 11 hindurchge­steckt sind und in den Durchführungshülsen mittels eines Dichtungsringes 12 und einer Verschraubungsmutter 13 abge­ dichtet sind. Das Gehäuse 6 kann zum Beispiel aus Alumi­nium oder Blech bestehen. Der Zusammenbau dieses Wärme­tauschers ist sehr einfach, da die Rohrwendel 10 bequem zwischen die beiden Schalen eingelegt und mit ihren Rohr­enden aus dem Gehäuse herausgeführt und dann einfach und einwandfrei in den Gehäusedurchführungsöffnungen befestigt und abgedichtet werden kann.The heat exchanger shown in Figure 2 consists of a tubular housing 6, which has stepped connecting pieces 7 on both ends for pushing on and clamping cooling water hose lines with different occurring diameters. The housing 6 is divided in the longitudinal direction into two semi-cylindrical shells 8 and 9 which are tightly connected to one another, for example by screwing together on connecting flanges which project laterally on the longitudinal edges of the shells. Between the two shells there is inserted a helical coil 10 which is helically wound in the longitudinal direction of the housing and can be connected to the fuel line 4, the pipe ends of which protrude in the radial direction are inserted through bushings 11 which are tightly and firmly arranged on the shells and in the bushings by means of a sealing ring 12 and a screw nut 13 abge are sealed. The housing 6 can be made of aluminum or sheet metal, for example. The assembly of this heat exchanger is very simple, since the coiled tubing 10 can be conveniently inserted between the two shells and led out of the housing with its tube ends and can then be easily and properly fastened and sealed in the housing bushing openings.

Der in Figur 3 dargestellte Wärmetauscher besteht aus einem Schlauch 14, wie er üblicherweise als Kühlwasser­schlauch zwischen Motor und Kühler verwendet wird, und einer auf den Schlauch übergeschobenen schraubenförmigen Rohrwendel 15, die zur Vermeidung unnötiger Wärmeverluste von einer Hülse 16 ummantelt ist. Der Schlauch 14 und die Hülse 16 können aus einem ausreichend temperaturbeständi­gen Gummi oder Kunststoff oder einem anderen üblicherwei­se für die Herstellung flexibler Schläuche geeigneten elastomeren Material bestehen. Der Zwischenraum zwischen Schlauch 14 und Hülse 16 ist an beiden Enden durch Stirn­wände 17 geschlossen. Hülse 16 und Stirnwände 17 können aus einem einzigen Teil bestehen und mit dem Schlauch 14, bei Verwendung von Gummi für Schlauch und Hülse, durch Vulkanisation fest verbunden sein. Bei Verwendung einer zum Beispiel aus Kunststoff separat gefertigten Hülse 16 kann wenigstens eine Stirnwand 17 abnehmbar sein und mit der Hülse 16 verbunden sein, um die Hülse 16 über die auf den Schlauch 14 bereits aufgeschobene Rohrwendel 15 überschieben zu können. Der Schlauch 14 kann beliebige Form und Länge haben und an seinen Enden je nach Einsatz die geeigneten Anschlüsse aufweisen. Der Zwischenraum zwischen Schlauch 14 und Hülse 16 kann mit einem gut wär­meleitenden festen Material gefüllt sein, in das beispiels­weise die Rohrwendel 15 vor dem Aufschieben auf den Schlauch 14 eingebettet worden ist. Die anhand der Figur 3 geschilderte Wärmetauscherausbildung hat den großen Vor­teil, daß die Anfertigung des Wärmetauschers direkt in die Herstellung der üblichen Kühlwasserschläuche für Kraft­fahrzeuge einbezogen werden kann und der den Wärmetauscher enthaltende Kühlwasserstrang aus einem ununterbrochen durchgehenden, nur an den Motor und an den Kühler anzu­schließenden Schlauchstück besteht. Unter anderem bei­spielsweise durch die Dicke der Schlauchwandung im Be­reich der Rohrwendel oder durch die Anzahl der Windungen der Rohrwendel oder durch die Art der Ausfüllung des Zwi­schenraumes zwischen Schlauch und Hülse kann der Wärme­übergang vom Kühlwasser an den Brennstoff so beeinflußt werden, daß der Brennstoff bei normaler betrieblicher Kühlwassertemperatur die für die Einspritzung und Zer­stäubung günstigste Temperatur von etwa 70° Celsius hat und keine Erhitzung auf eine beispielsweise zu einer Dampfblasenbildung führende Temperatur erfährt.The heat exchanger shown in Figure 3 consists of a hose 14, as is usually used as a cooling water hose between the engine and radiator, and a helical pipe coil 15 pushed onto the hose, which is covered by a sleeve 16 to avoid unnecessary heat loss. The hose 14 and the sleeve 16 can consist of a sufficiently temperature-resistant rubber or plastic or another elastomeric material which is usually suitable for the production of flexible hoses. The space between hose 14 and sleeve 16 is closed at both ends by end walls 17. Sleeve 16 and end walls 17 can consist of a single part and can be firmly connected to the hose 14 by vulcanization when rubber is used for the hose and sleeve. If a sleeve 16, for example made of plastic, is used, at least one end wall 17 can be removable and connected to the sleeve 16 in order to be able to slide the sleeve 16 over the coiled tubing 15 already pushed onto the hose 14. The hose 14 can have any shape and length and have the appropriate connections at its ends depending on the application. The space between the hose 14 and the sleeve 16 can be filled with a good heat-conducting solid material, in which, for example, the coiled tubing 15 has been embedded before being pushed onto the hose 14. The heat exchanger design described with reference to FIG. 3 has the great advantage that the manufacture of the heat exchanger can be incorporated directly into the production of the usual cooling water hoses for motor vehicles and the cooling water line containing the heat exchanger from one continuous continuous hose section to be connected only to the engine and the radiator. Among other things, for example, by the thickness of the hose wall in the area of the coiled tubing or by the number of turns of the coiled tubing or by the type of filling of the space between the hose and sleeve, the heat transfer from the cooling water to the fuel can be influenced in such a way that the fuel is more normally used Cooling water temperature has the most favorable temperature for injection and atomization of about 70 ° Celsius and is not heated to a temperature leading, for example, to the formation of vapor bubbles.

Von der in Figur 2 dargestellten Wärmetauscheraus­führung können zum Beispiel zwei Wärmetauscher hinterein­ander in der gleichen Kühlwasserschlauchleitung angeordnet sein, um mit einem Wärmetauscher die kontinuierliche Die­selerwärmung vorzunehmen und mit dem anderen Wärmetauscher warmes Waschwasser für die Scheibenwaschanlage zu erzeu­gen. Bei der in Figur 3 dargestellten Ausführung kann für die Erwärmung von Dieselkraftstoff und Scheibenwaschwasser je ein Kühlwasserschlauch mit einer Rohrwendel im Kühl­wasservorlauf und im Kühlwasserrücklauf des Motors vorge­ehen werden, oder es kann auf den Schlauch 14 eine zweite Rohrwendel 15 aufgeschoben und mit der Hülse 16 ummantelt sein.From the heat exchanger design shown in FIG. 2, for example, two heat exchangers can be arranged one behind the other in the same cooling water hose line in order to carry out the continuous diesel heating with one heat exchanger and to produce warm washing water for the windshield washer system with the other heat exchanger. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, a cooling water hose with a coiled tubing in the cooling water flow and in the cooling water return of the engine can be provided for the heating of diesel fuel and windshield washer fluid, or a second coiled tubing 15 can be pushed onto the hose 14 and encased with the sleeve 16 .

Eine besonders einfache und vorteilhafte Ausbildung der aus Herstellungs- und Montagegründen vom Wärmetauscher getrennten elektrischen Einrichtung der Vorrichtung für die Dieselerwärmung ist in der Figur 4 gezeigt und benutzt den Topf des Dieselfilters gleich selber als Wärmeaus­tauschraum für die Aufnahme eines vom Dieselkraftstoff um spülten elektrischen Heizkörpers. Das Gehäuse 18 des Die­selfilters enthält einen Filtereinsatz 19, der in der Mit­te üblicherweise einen Hohlraum aufweist. Unter diesem Hohlraum besitzt das Filtergehäuse üblicherweise eine Wasserablaßöffnung 20, die durch eine Wasserablaßschraube 21 verschlossen ist. Durch Lockern der Wasserablaßschraube 21 hebt sich eine Dichtungsscheibe 22 etwas vom Filterge­ häuse oder von der Ablaßschraube ab und kann durch eine Längsnut 23, die an dem Einschraubende 24 der Wasserab­laßschraube 21 ausgebildet ist, Wasserabscheidung aus dem Dieselfilter abgelassen werden. Auf dem Einschraub­ende 24 ist der elektrische Heizkörper in Form eines in den Hohlraum des Filtereinsatzes 19 hineinragendes Heiz­stabes 25 angeordnet, dessen Anschlußdrähte durch das Einschraubende 24 der Wasserablaßschraube hindurchge­führt sind und in Anschlußkontakten 26 auf der Außenseite der Wasserablaßschraube enden. Wenn die Ablaßschraube 21 aus Metall besteht, braucht nur die Stromzuleitung zum Heizstab isoliert durch die Ablaßschraübe hindurchge­führt zu werden und kann die Stromrückleitung direkt über die Ablaßschraube an das üblicherweise metallische Fil­tergehäuse als Massepol erfolgen. Der Heizstab 25 ent­hält zweckmäßigerweise eine auf einem Keramikkern aufge­wickelte Heizdrahtwicklung aus Nickelindraht bis 1 mm Durchmesser. Der besondere Vorteil dieser Ausbildung des elektrischen Heizkörpers für die Dieselerwärmung ist, daß zusätzlich zu der Anordnung des Wärmetauschers im Kühl­wasserkreislauf jeder handelsübliche Dieselfilter in denkbar einfacher Weise zu einem elektrischen Dieselhei­zer umgewandelt werden kann, indem die konventionelle Wasserablaßschraube gegen die gemäß der Erfindung mit dem elektrischen Heizstab ausgestattete Wasserablaßschraube ausgewechselt wird. Zusätzliche Umbau- und Abdichtungs­arbeiten an der Dieselkraftstoffleitung entfallen.A particularly simple and advantageous embodiment of the electrical device for the diesel heating device, which is separate from the heat exchanger for manufacturing and assembly reasons, is shown in FIG. 4 and uses the pot of the diesel filter itself as a heat exchange space for accommodating an electric radiator rinsed by the diesel fuel. The housing 18 of the diesel filter contains a filter insert 19, which usually has a cavity in the middle. Under this cavity, the filter housing usually has a water drain opening 20 which is closed by a water drain screw 21. By loosening the water drain screw 21, a sealing washer 22 lifts somewhat from the filter housing or from the drain plug and can be drained from the diesel filter through a longitudinal groove 23 which is formed on the screw-in end 24 of the water drain plug 21. On the screw-in end 24, the electric heater is arranged in the form of a heating rod 25 protruding into the cavity of the filter insert 19, the connecting wires of which are passed through the screw-in end 24 of the water drain plug and end in connection contacts 26 on the outside of the water drain plug. If the drain plug 21 is made of metal, only the power supply line to the heating element needs to be passed through the drain plugs in an insulated manner and the power return line can take place directly via the drain plug to the usually metallic filter housing as a ground pole. The heating element 25 expediently contains a heating wire winding made of nickel wire up to 1 mm in diameter, wound on a ceramic core. The particular advantage of this design of the electric radiator for diesel heating is that, in addition to the arrangement of the heat exchanger in the cooling water circuit, any commercially available diesel filter can be converted into an electric diesel heater in a very simple manner by the conventional water drain screw against that according to the invention with the electric heating element equipped water drain plug is replaced. Additional conversion and sealing work on the diesel fuel line is no longer necessary.

Der elektrische Heizkörper in Form des Heizstabes 25 kann auch von oben her durch eine im Filterdeckel vorge­sehene Öffnung tauchsiederartig in das Filtergehäuse ein­geführt sein.The electric heater in the form of the heating element 25 can also be inserted into the filter housing from above through an opening provided in the filter cover.

Bei dem in den Figuren 5 und 6 dargestellten Ausfüh­rungsbeispiel des Wärmetauschers nach Art der Figur 2 be­stehen die beiden halbzylindrischen Gehäuseschalen 27 aus Blech. Die Längsränder 28 der einen Gehäuseschale sind in radialer Richtung, vorzugsweise in radialer Rich­tung nach außen, versetzt und überlappen die Längsränder 29 der anderen Gehäuseschale. An den überlappenden Längs­ rändern sind die beiden Gehäuseschalen nach dem bequemen Einbau der Rohrwendel 30 dicht und fest miteinander ver­bunden, beispielsweise durch eine Induktionsschweißung. Die Durchführungshülsen 31, durch die die Enden der Rohr­wendel 30 hindurchgeführt sind und in denen die Rohrwen­delenden mittels der Quetschringverschraubung abgedichtet sind, besitzen eine flanschartige Befestigungsschulter 32 und sind vorzugsweise von innen her durch Löcher in der Blechwand der Gehäuseschalen hindurchgesteckt. Die Befe­stigung der Durchführungshülsen 31 kann durch eine von außen aufgeschraubte Kontermutter erfolgen. Vorteilhafter­weise kann die dichte Befestigung der Durchführungshülsen an der Blechwand der Gehäuseschalen maschinell durch eine Induktionsschweißung erfolgen, die im gleichen Arbeits­gang wie die Induktionsschweißung der beiden Gehäusescha­len erfolgen kann. Für die Induktionsschweißung der Durch­führungshülsen mit der Blechwand der Gehäuseschalen ent­hält die Befestigungsschulter 32 zweckmäßigerweise einen die Durchführungshülsen 31 ringförmig umgebenden Wulst 33, mit dem die Befestigungsschulter 32 die Blechwand berührt und die Dichtheit der Induktionsschweißung sichergestellt wird.In the embodiment of the heat exchanger of the type shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the two semi-cylindrical housing shells 27 consist of sheet metal. The longitudinal edges 28 of the one housing shell are offset in the radial direction, preferably outwards in the radial direction, and overlap the longitudinal edges 29 of the other housing shell. On the overlapping longitudinal edges, the two housing shells are tightly and firmly connected to each other after the convenient installation of the coiled tubing 30, for example by induction welding. The bushings 31, through which the ends of the coiled tubing 30 are passed and in which the coiled tubing ends are sealed by means of the crimp ring screw connection, have a flange-like fastening shoulder 32 and are preferably inserted from the inside through holes in the sheet metal wall of the housing shells. The bushing 31 can be fastened by means of a counter nut screwed on from the outside. Advantageously, the sealing of the bushings on the sheet metal wall of the housing shells can be done mechanically by induction welding, which can be done in the same operation as the induction welding of the two housing shells. For the induction welding of the grommets to the sheet metal wall of the housing shells, the fastening shoulder 32 expediently contains a bead 33 which surrounds the grommets 31 in a ring, with which the fastening shoulder 32 contacts the sheet metal wall and the tightness of the induction welding is ensured.

Der in den Figuren 7 und 8 dargestellte Wärmetauscher besteht, so wie der in Figur 3 dargestellte Wärmetauscher, aus einem Schlauch 14 aus Gummi, Kunststoff oder einem anderen Elastomermaterial und einer Rohrwendel 15, die je­doch freiliegend im Innern des Schlauches 14 angeordnet ist und von der den Schlauch durchstömenden Flüssigkeit, z. B. Motorkühlwasser, direkt umspült wird. Die radial gerichteten Enden der Rohrwendel 15 sind flüssigkeitsdicht durch die Schlauchwandung hindurchgeführt und aus dem Schlauch herausgeführt. Die Rohrwendel 15 wird direkt bei der Vulkanisationsherstellung des Gummischlauches bzw. Spritzgießherstellung des Kunststoffschlauches in dem Schlauch angeordnet und hierzu in das Formgebungswerkzeug für die Schlauchherstellung eingelegt. Damit hierbei der Schlauchwerkstoff nicht in die Rohrwendel 15 eindringt und nicht die Rohrwendel 15 einbettet, ist die Rohrwendel 15, bereits bei der Schlauchherstellung, von einer Hülse 35 umgeben, die aus einem beliebigen Material bestehen kann, welches der Verarbeitungstemperatur des Schlauch­werkstoffes standhält. Um die Rohrwendel 15 mit ihren beiden radial abstehenden Rohrenden in die Hülse 35 ein­schieben zu können, ist die Hülse 35 an einer Umfangs­stelle mit einem Längsschlitz 37 versehen, durch den die Enden der Rohrwendel 15 in Hülsenlängsrichtung hindurch­schiebbar sind. Zum Verschließen des Längsschlitzes 37 ist dann auf der Außenseite der Hülse 35 eine streifen­förmige Abdeckung 36 aufgelegt, die passend zu den beiden radialen Enden der Rohrwendel 15 zwei Löcher aufweist und dadurch in radialer Richtung auf die beiden Enden der Rohrwendel 15 und auf die Außenseite der Hülse 35 aufgeschoben werden kann.The heat exchanger shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, like the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 3, consists of a hose 14 made of rubber, plastic or another elastomer material and a coiled tubing 15, which is however exposed in the interior of the hose 14 and from which liquid flowing through the hose, e.g. B. engine cooling water is washed directly. The radially directed ends of the pipe coil 15 are liquid-tight through the tube wall and out of the tube. The pipe coil 15 is arranged directly in the hose during the vulcanization production of the rubber hose or injection molding production of the plastic hose and is inserted into the shaping tool for the hose production. So that the hose material does not penetrate into the coiled tubing 15 and does not embed the coiled tubing 15, the coiled tubing is 15, already during hose manufacture, surrounded by a sleeve 35, which can be made of any material that can withstand the processing temperature of the hose material. In order to be able to insert the tube coil 15 with its two radially projecting tube ends into the sleeve 35, the sleeve 35 is provided at a circumferential point with a longitudinal slot 37 through which the ends of the tube coil 15 can be pushed in the longitudinal direction of the sleeve. To close the longitudinal slot 37, a strip-shaped cover 36 is then placed on the outside of the sleeve 35, which has two holes to match the two radial ends of the coiled tubing 15 and thus in the radial direction on the two ends of the coiled tubing 15 and on the outside of the sleeve 35 can be postponed.

Die Anwendung der anhand der Figuren 2, 3, 5 und 7 ge­schilderten erfindungsgemäßen Wärmetauscherausbildung für die Dieselerwärmung setzt nicht voraus, daß außerdem auch noch am Dieselfilter der elektrische Heizkörper für eine Beheizung des Filtervolumens angewendet wird. Die anhand der Figuren 2, 3, 5 und 7 beschriebenen Wärmetau­scher sind auch ohne eine elektrische Dieselbeheizung mit großem Vorteil zu dem Zweck anwendbar, den Diesel­kraftstoff, weit über die zur Vermeidung einer Filter­versulzung erforderliche Temperatur hinaus, unabhängig von der Jahreszeit kontinuierlich so hoch zu erwärmen, daß die Verbesserung der Zerstäubung beim Einspritzen und die kraftstoffsparende und schadstoffarme Verbrennung im Motor eintritt.The application of the heat exchanger design according to the invention for diesel heating described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, 5 and 7 does not require that the electric heater for heating the filter volume is also used on the diesel filter. The heat exchangers described with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, 5 and 7 can also be used with great advantage without an electric diesel heating for the purpose of continuously heating the diesel fuel so high, far beyond the temperature required to avoid filter contamination, regardless of the season that the improvement in atomization during injection and the fuel-saving and low-emission combustion in the engine occurs.

Die erfindungsgemäße gesamte Vorrichtung oder auch nur der erfindungsgemaße Wärmetauscher der Figuren 2, 3, 5 und 7 kann generell als Diesel-Einspargerät nicht nur bei allen Fahrzeugen mit Dieselmotor, sondern auch bei statio­nären Anlagen angewendet werden, bei denen Diesel- oder Heizöl zur Verbrennung zerstäubt wird, wie zum Beispiel auch bei Ölfeuerungs-Heizungsanlagen in Gebäuden, um mit dem durch die Heizungsanlage zirkulierenden Warmwasser das Heizöl zur Verbesserung der Zerstäubung und Verbrennung im ölbrenner zu erwärmen.The entire device according to the invention or only the heat exchanger according to the invention from FIGS. 2, 3, 5 and 7 can generally be used as a diesel saving device not only in all vehicles with a diesel engine, but also in stationary systems in which diesel or heating oil is atomized for combustion is used, as for example in oil fired heating systems in buildings to heat the heating oil circulating through the heating system to improve atomization and combustion in the oil burner.

Claims (8)

1. Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen von Diesel- oder Heizöl, das einem Aggregat zugeführt wird, in dem der zugeführte Brennstoff zerstäubt und verbrannt wird und von dem da­bei eine Flüssigkeit erwärmt wird, wobei eine Brenn­stoffleitung durch einen Brennstoff-Filter zu dem Aggre­gat führt und eine Flüssigkeitsleitung von der von dem Aggregat erwärmten Flüssigkeit durchflossen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vor dem Brennstoff-Filter (3) ein von der Flüssigkeit durchflossener, die Brennstofflei­tung (4) beheizender Wärmetauscher (1) und am Brennstoff-­Filter ein das Filtervolumen beheizender, gesteuert ein- und ausschaltbarer elektrischer Heizkörper (5) an­geordnet sind.1. Device for heating diesel or heating oil, which is supplied to an aggregate, in which the supplied fuel is atomized and burned and from which a liquid is heated, a fuel line leading through a fuel filter to the aggregate and a liquid line through which the liquid heated by the unit flows, characterized in that in front of the fuel filter (3) a heat exchanger (1) through which the liquid flows and which heats the fuel line (4) and on the fuel filter a controlled one which heats the filter volume - And switchable electric radiator (5) are arranged. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmetauscher (1) aus einem rohrförmigen Gehäuse (6) besteht, das an beiden Stirnseiten mit der Flüssigkeits­leitung (2) verbindbare Anschlußstutzen (7) aufweist und in Längsrichtung in zwei dicht miteinander verbunde- ne halbzylindrische Schalen (8, 9) unterteilt ist, zwi­schen die eine mit der Brennstoffleitung (4) verbindbare, in Gehäuselängsrichtung schraubenförmig gewundene Rohr­wendel (10) eingelegt ist, deren in radialer Richtung abstehende Rohrenden durch wenigstens eine der beiden Schalen hindurchgesteckt sind und mittels Quetschring-­Verschraubungen (12, 13) in der Durchführungsöffnung (11) der Schalenwand abgedichtet sind.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger (1) consists of a tubular housing (6) which has on both end faces with the liquid line (2) connectable connecting piece (7) and in the longitudinal direction in two tightly connected ne semi-cylindrical shells (8, 9) is divided, between which a pipe coil (10), which can be connected to the fuel line (4) and is helically wound in the longitudinal direction of the housing, is inserted, the pipe ends of which protrude in the radial direction are inserted through at least one of the two shells and by means of a crimp ring -Screws (12, 13) are sealed in the through opening (11) of the shell wall. 3. Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen einer in einer ersten Leitung fließenden Flüssigkeit mittels einer in einer zweiten Leitung fließenden, von einem Motor oder einem Brenner erwärmten Flüssigkeit, insbesondere Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung aus einem Wärmetauscher besteht, bei dem die zweite Flüssigkeitsleitung aus einem Schlauch (14) aus Gummi, Kunststoff oder dergleichen Elastomermaterial besteht und die erste Flüssigkeitsleitung in Form einer schrau­benförmig gewundenen Rohrwendel (15) auf die Außenseite des Schlauches aufgeschoben ist und von einer Hülse (16) ummantelt ist, wobei der Zwischenraum zwischen Gummi­schlauch und Hülse an den Enden geschlossen ist.3. Device for heating a liquid flowing in a first line by means of a liquid flowing in a second line, heated by an engine or a burner, in particular device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device consists of a heat exchanger in which the second Liquid line from a hose (14) made of rubber, Plastic or similar elastomeric material and the first liquid line in the form of a helically coiled pipe coil (15) is pushed onto the outside of the hose and is covered by a sleeve (16), the gap between the rubber hose and sleeve being closed at the ends. 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rohrwendel (15) von einer Hülse (16) aus Gummi umgeben ist, die zumindest an ihren Enden durch Vulka­nisation mit dem aus Gummi bestehenden Schlauch (14) verbunden ist.4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the tube coil (15) is surrounded by a sleeve (16) made of rubber, which is connected at least at its ends by vulcanization with the rubber hose (14). 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß der Zwischenraum zwischen dem Schlauch (14) und der Hülse (16) mit einem gut wärmeleitenden Fest­stoff gefüllt ist.5. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the space between the hose (14) and the sleeve (16) is filled with a good heat-conducting solid. 6. Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen einer in einer ersten Leitung fließenden Flüssigkeit mittels einer in einer zweiten Leitung fließenden, von einem Motor oder einem Brenner erwärmten Flüssigkeit, insbesondere Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung aus einem Wärmetauscher besteht, bei dem die zweite Flüssigkeitsleitung aus einem Schlauch (14) aus Gummi, Kunststoff oder dergleichen Elastomermaterial besteht und die erste Flüssigkeitsleitung in Form einer schrau­benförmig gewundenen Rohrwendel (15) im Innern des Schlauches angeordnet ist, wobei die Enden der Rohrwen­del (15) radial nach außen gerichtet sind und abgedich­tet die Wandung des Schlauches (14) durchsetzen.6. Device for heating a liquid flowing in a first line by means of a liquid flowing in a second line, heated by an engine or a burner, in particular device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device consists of a heat exchanger in which the second Liquid line consists of a hose (14) made of rubber, plastic or similar elastomer material and the first liquid line is arranged in the form of a helically coiled tube coil (15) inside the tube, the ends of the tube coil (15) being directed radially outward and sealed push through the wall of the hose (14). 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rohrwendel (15) auf ihrer Außenseite von einer Hülse (35) umgeben ist, die einen Längsschlitz (37) auf­weist, durch den die beiden radial abstehenden Enden der Rohrwendel beim Einschieben der Rohrwendel in die Hülse hindurchschiebbar sind, und daß der Längsschlitz (37) mit einer auf die Außenseite der Hülse (35) aufgelegten streifenförmigen Abdeckung (36) verschlossen ist, die zwei zu den Enden der Rohrwendel passende Löcher be­sitzt und in radialer Richtung auf die beiden Rohrwen­delenden aufschiebbar und auf die Hülsenaußenseite auf­setzbar ist.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the tube coil (15) is surrounded on its outside by a sleeve (35) which has a longitudinal slot (37) through which the two radially projecting ends of the tube coil when inserting the tube coil in the sleeve can be pushed through and that the longitudinal slot (37) is closed with a strip-shaped cover (36) placed on the outside of the sleeve (35), which has two holes matching the ends of the coiled tubing and can be pushed onto the two ends of the coiled tubing in the radial direction and placed on the outside of the sleeve. 8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der elektrische Heizkörper (5) aus einem Heizstab (25) besteht, der durch eine Wasserablaßöffnung (20) am Boden des Brennstoff-Filtergehäuses (18) in den vom Filtereinsatz (19) freigelassenen Filterinnenraum ein­geführt ist und auf dem Einschraubende (24) einer die Wasserablaßöffnung (20) verschließenden Wasserablaß­schraube (21) angeordnet ist, durch die die Anschluß­drähte (26) des Heizstabes hindurchgeführt sind.8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric heater (5) consists of a heating rod (25) through a water drain opening (20) at the bottom of the fuel filter housing (18) in the filter interior (19) released from the filter insert is inserted and on the screw-in end (24) of the water drain opening (20) closing water drain screw (21) is arranged, through which the connecting wires (26) of the heating rod are passed.
EP88113662A 1987-08-29 1988-08-23 Heating device for diesel oil or heating oil for an engine or a burner Withdrawn EP0305854A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3728895 1987-08-29
DE3728895 1987-08-29
DE3729112 1987-09-01
DE3729112 1987-09-01
DE3730060 1987-09-08
DE3730060 1987-09-08
DE3730913 1987-09-15
DE3730913 1987-09-15
DE3741281 1987-12-05
DE19873741281 DE3741281A1 (en) 1987-08-29 1987-12-05 Diesel heater

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0305854A2 true EP0305854A2 (en) 1989-03-08
EP0305854A3 EP0305854A3 (en) 1989-11-15

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EP88113662A Withdrawn EP0305854A3 (en) 1987-08-29 1988-08-23 Heating device for diesel oil or heating oil for an engine or a burner

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US (1) US4944343A (en)
EP (1) EP0305854A3 (en)

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DE4123866A1 (en) * 1991-07-18 1993-01-21 Mueller Hermann Frank DIESEL PREHEATER FOR ENGINES, ESPECIALLY VEHICLE ENGINES
CN1049871C (en) * 1994-05-24 2000-03-01 千千波天信 Fuel oil transporting apparatus
DE19945772A1 (en) * 1999-09-24 2001-03-29 Deere & Co Fuel filter, filter element and vehicle
DE10139521A1 (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-27 Michael Lappoehn Viscosity converter for plant oil in diesel engines, especially vehicle engines, consists of combination of two heat exchangers and first, electrical heat exchanger is very small
DE20300189U1 (en) * 2003-01-02 2004-05-13 Ruhland, Josef Fuel system for operating diesel engines with natural oil keeps fuel at required working temperature while engine off without externally delivered energy, has no additional fuel tank/changeover device
WO2007113569A2 (en) * 2006-04-05 2007-10-11 David Davies Combustion apparatus with fuel pre-heating
CN102322647A (en) * 2011-08-11 2012-01-18 侯志敏 Diesel oil boiler water circulation fuel-firing preheating system

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US5249623A (en) * 1987-08-29 1993-10-05 Mueller Fritz Rubber heat exchanger
US5411005A (en) * 1993-06-15 1995-05-02 Bohl; Michael E. Emissions and fuel control system and device
US5443053A (en) * 1993-07-27 1995-08-22 Johnson; Jack E. Fuel heater
US6364010B1 (en) * 2000-06-02 2002-04-02 The Consortium For Technology Licensing, Ltd. Device to provide heated washer fluid
US20030168402A1 (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-11 Webb Inc. Fluid treatment system and apparatus
US6591896B1 (en) * 2002-05-23 2003-07-15 Dennis Hansen Method and system for providing a transmission fluid heat exchanger in-line with respect to an engine cooling system
DE10234043A1 (en) * 2002-07-26 2004-02-05 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Microstructure apparatus for heating a fluid
US20080213709A1 (en) * 2005-11-18 2008-09-04 Russell Clayton Gas supply coupling for a water heater
US20090302603A1 (en) * 2005-11-18 2009-12-10 Russell Clayton Gas supply coupling for a water heater
KR100744021B1 (en) 2006-06-12 2007-07-30 주식회사 씨엔엘에너지 A gas temperature control apparatus for humidifier of a fuel cell
US10221823B2 (en) * 2006-09-13 2019-03-05 John E. Traina Method of heating and retaining heat in an internal combustion engine to improve fuel economy
US20100200598A1 (en) * 2009-02-09 2010-08-12 Eric John Hermsen Fuel storage tank protection system
US20110297130A1 (en) * 2010-06-08 2011-12-08 Weller Delbert L Fuel Converter
WO2013074129A1 (en) * 2011-11-03 2013-05-23 Kasprzak Adam Miami max ii " compact fuel vaporizer"
US8596201B2 (en) * 2011-12-15 2013-12-03 Progress Rail Services Corp Engine warming system for a multi-engine machine
US20130152818A1 (en) * 2011-12-15 2013-06-20 Matthew G. HOLL Fuel heating system for a multi-engine machine
KR101510008B1 (en) * 2013-12-13 2015-04-07 현대자동차주식회사 Controlling method and apparatus for heating in fuel filter
US20170241308A1 (en) * 2016-02-24 2017-08-24 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Oil maintenance strategy for electrified vehicles
CN106089521A (en) * 2016-07-28 2016-11-09 山东优路通汽配有限公司 Cylinder heating cleaner

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DE4123866A1 (en) * 1991-07-18 1993-01-21 Mueller Hermann Frank DIESEL PREHEATER FOR ENGINES, ESPECIALLY VEHICLE ENGINES
CN1049871C (en) * 1994-05-24 2000-03-01 千千波天信 Fuel oil transporting apparatus
DE19945772A1 (en) * 1999-09-24 2001-03-29 Deere & Co Fuel filter, filter element and vehicle
DE10139521A1 (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-27 Michael Lappoehn Viscosity converter for plant oil in diesel engines, especially vehicle engines, consists of combination of two heat exchangers and first, electrical heat exchanger is very small
DE20300189U1 (en) * 2003-01-02 2004-05-13 Ruhland, Josef Fuel system for operating diesel engines with natural oil keeps fuel at required working temperature while engine off without externally delivered energy, has no additional fuel tank/changeover device
WO2007113569A2 (en) * 2006-04-05 2007-10-11 David Davies Combustion apparatus with fuel pre-heating
WO2007113569A3 (en) * 2006-04-05 2007-11-29 David Davies Combustion apparatus with fuel pre-heating
CN102322647A (en) * 2011-08-11 2012-01-18 侯志敏 Diesel oil boiler water circulation fuel-firing preheating system

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Publication number Publication date
EP0305854A3 (en) 1989-11-15
US4944343A (en) 1990-07-31

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