DE3417620A1 - Method and device for generating heat energy, which can be converted into mechanical energy, from the combustion of wet waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for obtaining heat energy, which can be converted into mechanical energy, from the combustion or incineration process of wet waste in a combustion power plant. <??>The invention proceeds from the fact that most of the moisture contained in wet waste has to be removed before the latter is delivered to a combustion power plant for combustion. To this end, two heat sources are used, one of which is used for the (water) vapour of the waste itself, which vapour is generated during the drying process, there being a thermal compression (or compression) and a return to the dryer taking place. This acts as the main heat source for drying the wet waste, while the other generates (water) vapour which is generated by the use of solar energy. With this method, the loss of heat energy from the combustion of wet waste can be reduced to a great extent; the combustion conditions for the combustion material can be improved; the combustion gas temperature can be increased considerably. <??>It is also possible to add a drying stage by means of high-temperature combustion gases, so that the combustion temperature is increased and the combustion conditions of the fuel in the waste are improved. ... <??>Original abstract incomplete.

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for the incineration or incineration of wet garbage, wherein the achievable thermal energy, which can be converted into mechanical energy, can be increased.

After the construction of the waste incineration power plant commonly used in Japan at the time (Fig. 1) as well as ι ™ flow diagram of the process with mechanically moving Incinerator grids manufactured by Taiwan Machinery Company (see page 3 of the 1984 edition of "Today's Economy" published by M. O. E.A., R. O. C), can be learned that in a common Waste incineration plant wet garbage is placed directly in the incinerator, in which the incineration takes place without previously removing the greater part of the heat contained in the garbage. In this In this case, the gaseous products of combustion tear down

QQ large proportion of steam with considerable latent heat, which is lost when the combustion product is discharged from the chimney as flue gas. Furthermore the less heat energy generated and the greater excess air in this case reduces the temperature of the

ge combustion gas and close the steam cycle a low temperature and a low pressure cycle. Thus, only a lower conversion ratio can be achieved obtained from thermal energy into mechanical energy. Additive-

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borrowed is the proportion of combustible material in the garbage that remains unburned, this way higher. Take the above-mentioned continuous type incinerator like him for example in Japan, the excess air is about 2.0; the combustion gas temperature is at 750-950 C; the proportion of non-burned fuel in the garbage is around 7%

Although the wet garbage is free of initial costs, investing in the facilities for converting thermal energy means with such waste in mechanical energy such an effort that it is much higher than with usual High temperature, high pressure steam thermal power plants; so it is hardly useful to generate electricity by burning wet garbage. However, they mean the energy requirement and the accumulation of urban garbage is a very annoying problem at this point in time.

After studying the problems of incineration or incineration of wet garbage, according to the present invention, the following was found:

1. It is more economical to dry the wet garbage beforehand before putting the garbage in the oven for incineration is introduced. Two heat sources can be used to dry the garbage, being the one is the (water) steam generated during the drying of the garbage, which is then thermal is compressed, while the other is the water vapor generated by solar energy.

2. After the wet garbage has dried, the lower calorific value increases, while the heat loss of the flue gas decreases; the combustible material contained in garbage is more completely incinerated. So becomes thermal energy significantly increased for the steam work cycle. On the other hand, the heat dissipation caused by the special drying steps according to the invention

-ΙΟΙ pleasure limited. Thus it is advantageous to have these additional Apply drying steps.

3. In addition, after the wet garbage is dried, as its calorific value increases and the proportion of im Combustion gases entrained steam and thus the excess air decreases, thus the combustion gas temperature significantly increased, which leads to a higher efficiency for the steam work cycle.

4. Predrying the wet garbage before it is incinerated not only increases the garbage per unit weight available thermal energy, it also increases the proportion of thermal energy that is converted into mechanical energy is malleable.

5. The high temperature fuel gas can also be used to further dry the garbage, most of it moisture contained therein by means of the above Procedure was removed. After this drying treatment, the excess air is used for combustion of garbage further reduced; in this way, the combustion gas temperature can be increased further. Thus the Burning of fuel in the garbage more completely.

(This differs from the case of the flow recirculation of flue gas in the conventional boiler, because the The return flow of the flue gas in the latter does not contribute anything other than reducing the combustion gas temperature).

OQ 6. Furthermore, the air preheated by the flue gas has to be preheated to an even higher temperature (i.e. above the ignition point of the garbage) by utilizes the ash and the high-temperature fuel gas, so that the combustion gas temperature increases considerably

gg will and a more complete combustion of the fuel is relieved in the garbage.

7. Furthermore, before the drying process of the cold

wet garbage this is preheated by flue gas, which is to be fed to the chimney, so that the residual heat of the flue gas can be recovered further.

The invention is based on the object of developing a method and a device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that that wet garbage prior to its entry into the incinerator or incinerator through use is dried by steam generated by solar energy and / or steam used in the drying process of the wet Garbage is created and then compressed as a heat source for drying such wet garbage, which is then is introduced into the combustion chamber so that most of the waste contained in the latter Moisture is removed before it is burned. So will the conversion ratio of thermal energy Greatly improved in mechanical energy when handling wet garbage.

Additional steps are preferably provided to further increase the combustion gas temperature and the to increase complete combustion of the combustible parts in the garbage and also to increase the heat loss of the flue gas decrease, so that the thermal energy obtained from this garbage just like thermal energy that from common fuels, such as coal or heavy oil, can be used to convert water into superheated high pressure steam and thus a higher thermal efficiency

30 exploit.

The basic concept of the invention is thus as follows: Most of the moisture contained in wet garbage must be removed before the latter is placed in an incinerator. Two heat sources are used for this, one of which is the (water) steam generated during the drying process of the garbage itself is taking a thermal compression or

Compression connects. It is returned to the dryer to serve as the main heat source for drying the wet garbage, while the other heat source is the steam generated by the use of solar energy. With this method, the loss of thermal energy from the incineration of wet garbage can be significantly reduced; the combustion conditions of the fuel can be improved; the combustion gas temperature can be increased considerably.
10

The step of drying using a high temperature combustion gas can additionally be provided to increase the temperature of the combustion gas and the combustion conditions to improve the fuel in the garbage.

In addition, the air that is used to sustain the incineration of the garbage becomes through the ashes and preheating the high temperature combustion gases to further increase the combustion gas temperature and the state of combustion of the fuel in the garbage and the Improve recovery of residual heat in the ashes.

In addition, wet garbage is preheated by the flue gas to be fed into the chimney for recovery to improve the heat of the flue gas.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings will; these show in:

Fig. 1 is a process scheme of waste treatment with one commonly used in Japan Incinerator;

Fig. 2 is a scheme for processes of waste treatment in a waste incineration plant including

borrowed preferred further steps after the

Invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration showing the construction of an embodiment of a

Solar energy steam generator, as according to the invention is used, can be recognized.

Fig. 1 illustrates waste treatment processes used in Japan for large scale incineration. According to the illustration, garbage is tipped into a garbage can 3 from a garbage truck 2 and then fed to a feed hopper 5 by a gripper. The amount of waste placed in the incinerator is regulated by a feed regulator 6. Air for the maintenance of the combustion of the waste is introduced and flows through an air preheater 13 from the steam type by means of a blower 12 and is preheated to about 200 ⁰ C. This is then passed through a grate 7 to facilitate the incineration of the garbage. The ash 8 produced falls into the ash collecting container 10 through an ash discharge device 9. The combustion gas produced is passed through a boiler to preheat the latter; (water) steam generated in this way is fed into a steam turbine to generate mechanical energy. Exhaust gases or flue gases are introduced into the atmosphere through a chimney. There is no waste pre-drying step in the entire process.

Fig. 2, however, explains waste treatment processes as they take place in the incinerator according to the invention. Wet garbage that has undergone pretreatment, such as subjected to magnetic separation (milling and the like) is introduced into the preheater 101 and directly and sufficiently mixed with flue gas which is sucked into the preheater 101 by means of a blower 100. The preheated garbage is then placed in a garbage can 105 and via a screw conveyor 106 into a continuous

3A17620

nuierlich stirring dryer 107 promoted with a Steam jacket for heating the garbage is surrounded. In this dryer 107, the garbage is slowly passed through a multitude agitated by doctor blades 108 while the former is heated; so will the one contained in the garbage Moisture evaporates and the steam goes into a thermal compressor 125 or a compressor in which the steam is compressed. The steam is then sent back to dryer 107 and serves as a heat source to dry the garbage, which is then put into this dryer. Insufficient thermal energy for the drying process is supplemented by taking water vapor from the corresponding stage in a steam turbine 142 will. After releasing the thermal energy to heat the garbage, this steam is condensed into water and passed through a trap 114 is discharged into a hot water tank 119. The non-condensable gas (or air) within the steam jacket 109 of the dryer is released through a valve 112 correctly discharged so that good heat conduction within

20 half of this dryer can be maintained.

The construction of the dryer 107 used here is different from that of a conventional dryer. the lower half of this dryer 107 consists of essentially concentric half-cylinders (an inner and an outer one). Steam pipes are inside the steam jacket 109, which is between these two half-cylinders is formed, installed. In addition, heat transfer medium with a high boiling point is used in the steam jacket 109 and introduced outside of these steam-carrying pipes. Because the compressed steam to dry the garbage through If the small diameter steam tube is inserted, the steam pressure (or temperature) can be as high as possible without the risk of a pipe explosion. The heat energy of the steam is through this Heat transfer medium passed to the garbage within the inner cylinder. Because this heat transfer medium has a high boiling point is that from the

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Heating by steam resulting pressure low enough; therefore the inner and outer cylinders of the Do not expose the dryer to the effects of high pressure. So is the difference in temperature between that Water vapor used as a heat source to dry the garbage and the garbage to be dried significantly increased; the expansion of the heating surface of the dryer can be considerably reduced, so that installation costs and heat loss are reduced.

The above-mentioned non-condensable gas enters an absorber 16 and in this non-condensable gas entrained steam is absorbed by cold water so that the latent heat contained in this steam is recovered can be. On the other hand, hot water is introduced and collected in the container 119, and then in the heater 148 is given to heat the cold boiler feed water. After drying, the garbage becomes by one screw conveyor 113 against another closed and insulated conveyor 130 discharged and then fed to the inlet of the combustion chamber 131. The inlet 131 is and should only be used to discharge the garbage closed as tightly as possible to prevent cold air from entering the incinerator.

A combustion gas blower 132 is used to remove the Suction high-temperature combustibles from the combustion chamber 136. This combustion gas is forced off the ground of the combustion chamber to the head of the same chamber and then flows into a combustion gas recirculation chamber 135 and is returned to the combustion chamber. The garbage that is dumped into the combustion chamber through inlet 131 falls by gravity along a plurality of inclined baffles 134 located within the drying chamber

gg 133 provided and spaced in the vertical direction are arranged. In countercurrent there is contact with a high-temperature combustion gas, which is transported through the Drying chamber 133 rises to the top. Hence the

Residual moisture in the garbage continues to evaporate, and the garbage becomes almost completely dried flammable material and falls onto a moving mechanical grate 137.

In contrast, the air used to support the combustion is fed into an exhaust gas preheater by a fan 135 154 given and preheated therein by the existing exiting exhaust gas; then air flows through them Line 155 enters an ash air preheater 156 and is further preheated and flowed by the heat of the ash thereafter through line 157 into a high temperature combustion gas air preheater 159. After being heated by these three preheaters 154, 156, 159, the air has one Temperature reached above the ignition point of the

Garbage is generally at around 450 ^° C. and then enters grate 137 to incinerate the dried garbage.

The garbage is then incinerated in the combustion chamber 136; the generated high-temperature fuel gas rises and passes through an evaporator 140 for high pressure and superheated steam, a high pressure steam generator 139 as well a feedwater preheater 138. This generates superheated steam at high pressure, which is via the Line 141 is sent to a steam turbine where the expansion takes place.

After the expansion, the exhaust steam is passed into a condenser 145 and forms the condensate, which is then by means of a high pressure pump 146 and recycled through the evaporator 148 to the kettle.

After the heat exchange, the combustion gas becomes smoke (waste) gas and its temperature is reduced flows through the air preheater 154, in which residual heat is recovered from the gas. This gas is then turned into a Wet garbage preheater 101 and comes in direct and sufficient contact with the cold wet garbage and steps

the gas is released through the chimney into the atmosphere after it's usual treatments like electrostatic Dust removal, absorption of harmful gases and the like. Has been exposed. This is not directly related to the subject of the application and is therefore not explained in more detail here. The remaining ash on the grate is at the bottom of the Combustion chamber is collected and heated by the air preheater 156 flowing air with the residual heat. The ash is then finally transported by means of a screw conveyor 150 discharged into an ash container 151 and through an ash outlet 152 discharged as desired. The ash outlet 152 must be immediately after the discharge process has ended the ashes are closed, allowing the entry for cold air and reducing the temperature within

15 the combustion chamber is prevented.

To further increase the performance of the combustion or incineration chamber Solar energy can also be used as a heat source to generate steam; the so generated Steam is supplied to the steam jacket 109 of the dryer 107 of FIG. Fig. 3 shows the construction of a Embodiment for the solar energy steam generator used according to the invention. As shown, water is fed into the tank 51 by the pump 50, in which more automatically Water level regulator 52 is provided so that the water level can be properly maintained (i.e. it never rises above the level of steam tube 55, nor does it fall so low that it can absorb Heat energy). Solar energy is heat through convex lenses on iron pipes 53 or black absorbent iron plates 56 in focus. The entire outer surface of the steam generator is covered with heat-insulating Plates 57 surround to prevent the absorbed heat from being released into the environment.

This figure shows that a part (e.g. the left part) of each iron pipe is raised slightly so that through Steam generated by solar energy will immediately flow upwards

and can be collected in the steam pipes 55 and can subsequently be fed into the above-mentioned steam jacket 109 in the dryer 107.

The above working stages in the drying process using the steam obtained from the previous one Drying process of the wet steam itself comes and then in the manner described above as the main heat source are the following:

1. Wet steam is passed through the screw conveyor 106 in Entering dryer 107 is slowly agitated by a plurality of doctor blade paddles 108 so that homogeneous heating becomes possible. In the meantime, this garbage will gradually hit the screw conveyor 113 given at the outlet from the dryer (because the dryer tilts slightly) and further into the combustion chambers conveyed by the closed and isolated conveyor 130.

2. The one by drying the wet garbage in the dryer

Steam obtained from 107 is taken from outlet 110 of the dryer through line 111 and into the thermal compressor 125 is introduced in the thermal compressor using high-pressure steam as a propellant gas put to pressure. The steam thus obtained is used as a heat source for drying the garbage in the continuous stirring dryer 107 used. Insufficient thermal energy for this drying process is added, by withdrawing steam from the appropriate stage of the steam turbine 142. This from the thermal compressor Incoming steam 125 and the withdrawn steam are combined and sent to the steam jacket 109 of the dryer 107 sent back. The steam, which has given off its thermal energy to dry the wet garbage, is formed in condensate and is then discharged through the trap 114 into the hot water tank 119.

In the initial stage of operation in the combustion chamber, the garbage is sent back through in a similar manner Preheater 101, Trash Can 105, Dryer 107 and Conveyor 130 into the combustion chamber; normal operation of the dryer 107 can only be carried out when the steam is fed into the turbine 142. However, if solar energy is used to generate steam and the latter in the dryer 107 through the steam pipe 55 is guided in the manner described above, then normal operation of the dryer 107 can start earlier.

3. Frequency and timing of the discharge of non-condensable Gas and air must be properly regulated so that one hand the latent heat contained in the exhaust gas that is discharged through valve 112 can be fully recovered in absorber 116 and on the other hand the concentration of the steam in the steam jacket can be kept as high as possible, so that good heat conduction within the latter can be sustained.

4. Said non-condensable gas, which entrains the vapor therein, is released from valve 112 through a Pipeline given into the steam absorber 116, where the latent heat contained in steam is absorbed by the water. The water that has latent heat of the steam has absorbed, and the condensate which has been discharged from the trap 114 is in the hot water tank 119 collected and then put into the evaporator 148 to the feed water to be supplied to the boiler to preheat.

5. The garbage that has been dried in the dryer 107 is carried by the closed and isolated conveyor 130

fed into the combustion chamber.

6. Air, which is used to maintain the combustion, is fed by means of the fan 153 through the flue gas air preheater 154, in which the temperature of the air is increased to about 200 ^° C., which is about the same as the standard temperature of the wide range in Japan used combustion chamber is; eventually it is put on the grate to burn the dried garbage.

7. The high temperature fuel gas produced is used to generate the steam and feed water in the evaporator for superheated steam 140 (reheater), the steam generator 139 and to heat the feedwater preheater 138. The superheated high pressure steam generated in this way is fed into the same turbine 142 to do expansion work afford to. After the expansion to the power to perform this work, the exhaust steam in the Discharged condenser 145 and forms condensate, which is then used again as boiler feed water

20 is recovered in the cycle.

8. The flue gases are then passed through the chimney into the

Atmosphere after they have flowed through the air preheater. The remaining ash on the grate is Collected from the bottom of the combustion chamber and then placed in the ash container 151 by means of a screw conveyor 150 and discharged through the ash outlet 152 as desired.

In order to increase the amount of recovered thermal energy and to raise the combustion gas temperature, there are still a number of further steps in addition to the eight steps just mentioned are preferably possible. These Extra steps mentioned above can be used as

35 summarize as follows:

1. Some of the moisture contained in garbage can can be removed by turning on the fan 132 of FIG. 2 to remove the high temperature combustion gas slowly rise from the bottom of the drying chamber 133 and to contact the falling garbage in countercurrent, while drying the latter.

2. The air in the flue gas air preheater 154 to 200 C has been preheated, can be further preheated to over 450 C by using the fan shown in FIG 161 turns on, whereby the high temperature combustion gas rises and flows through the preheater 159, to heat the warm air within this preheater 159, the warm air through the flue gas and / or Ash has been preheated prior to entering the preheater 159.

3. The smoke (waste) gas which has a temperature of about 280 ⁰ C before leaving the incinerator can be forwarded to Müllvorwärmer 101 to the cold wet waste heat, which was not yet dry, by contacting the garbage sufficiently and directly. During this heating step, the garbage and this smoke (waste) gas move in countercurrent. Furthermore, the smoke (exhaust) gas is blown off through the chimney at around 80 ° C.

The additional steps mentioned can be implemented individually or in a combination of two or more steps.

The improved thermal efficiency in the subject of the application should be explained as follows.

It is known that when incinerating garbage the amount of thermal energy generated is used in the steam cycle can become larger on condition that

the lower calorific value LHV of the garbage is higher. The proportion of combustible material that remains unburned is lower and the heat loss of the smoke (exhaust) gas and the
Ashes will decrease. However, the higher the combustion gas temperature, the higher the thermal efficiency of the steam cycle concerned. In achieve a modern thermal power plant, for example, uses the fuel oil as a fuel and in which the combustion gas temperature is at about 1550 ⁰ C (2800 ⁰ F), the thermal efficiency of the steam cycle achieved even 44.7%. In the case of combustion of wet waste in the generated combustion gas temperatures of about 850 ⁰ C, the thermal efficiency of the steam cycle is from the combustion thermal energy in only about 20%.

Let's consider the treatment of mixed garbage in

Taipei City as an example, where an amount of 600 0 / day of mixed garbage (Composition: combustible material 29%,
Moisture 56% and ash 15% by weight with an LHV:
1182 Kcal / kg) must be treated.

The usual incineration or incineration process with

the standardized continuously working incinerator, such as
known in Japan, was used in this treatment; the result was the following:

The amount of combustibles that remains unburned is about 7%; the excess air at about 2.0; the
Radiant heat loss within the incinerator at 2%; the smoke (waste) gas loss per kg of wet garbage is around 330 Kcal (the smoke (waste) gas leaves the

Incinerator at 280 ^° C.); the ash heat loss per kg of wet garbage is around 6.0 Kcal (however, the ash leaves
the incinerator at 200 ^° C.); the net value of thermal energy per kg of available waste for the steam generator cycle is around 740 Kcal; the combustion gas temperature at about 925 ⁰ C; the thermal efficiency for the steam generator cycle at about 22.5%; the electrical energy that can be generated per kg of waste is around 0.1940 kWh; the

total electrical power that can be generated by the entire incinerator is thus 4850 kW.

In contrast, when methods and devices according to the invention for treating the same amount of the same Garbage can be used as before, whether some of the extra steps mentioned above are applied at the same time or not, the heat energy generated, the amount of remaining unburned matter, the excess air ratio, the flue gas heat loss, as well as the combustion sgas temperature in both cases according to the invention different from the known type.

In addition, since the thermal energy and the mechanical energy, which are additionally due to the application of the additional steps must be used, are also different from the type commonly used in Japan the net thermal energy that can be converted into mechanical energy (or electrical energy) according to the invention, different from the usual type.

Table I shows the comparison of the electrical power, which in several cases according to the invention on the one hand, after on the other hand, can be generated by the usual method. 25th

co co to to ι— ν- ·

αϊ ο οι ο οι ο cn

Table I.

Type of incineration A + S ₁ + S "6 + S ₁ + S-

Operation ^{CA A + S} 1 ^{A + S} 1 ^{+ S} 2 J ^{B B + S} 1 ^{B + S} 1 ^{+ S} 2 _{+ q}

Too + O ^

generated electrical

Power (kW) 4850 8480 9300 10810 12070 10900 11860 13730 14990,

Rate of increase in the
electrical power 1 1.75 1.92 2.23 2.49 2.25 2.45 2.83 3.09

The meaning of the different types of ashing process according to Table I is as follows:

C: The conventional type of ashing process (Japan).

A: Main method of the invention; H. the

Process in which steam is used, which emerges from the wet garbage per se, when the latter in the continuously stirring dry

ner 107 is dried and then subjected to thermal compression, as the main heat source for drying wet garbage;

the amount of moisture that results from the

having wet garbage removed using the main method is 0.21 kg per kg of this Garbage. Although the radiant heat loss, the exhaust gas temperature and the temperature at which the Ashes the incinerator after this Type A of the Ver

ashes, identical to those of type C, the lower calorific value A was increased to 1308 Kcal. The proportion of combustibles that remains unburned is reduced to 2.5%. The excess air reaches 1.7. The heat loss

of the flue gas 268 Kcal. The ash heat loss reaches 6 Kcal. The thermal energy that the Dryer 107 must be fed (thermal efficiency = 75%) is 118 Kcal. There however, an additional 32 Kcal of thermal energy in

the incinerator through the garbage due to the drying process of this garbage in the dryer 107 is the actual thermal energy used in the steam generator cycle can be at 890 Kcal. The combustion gas

temperature is 1240 ⁰ C and the thermal efficiency for the steam cycle is 34%. Thus, the electrical energy is by 1 kg

Wet garbage can be generated at 0.3519 kWh.

At an incinerator with 600 # / day of garbage are treated, the generated electrical power is around 8800 kW and after subtracting

320 kW of this value for the stirring process in the dryer 107 reaches the electrical generated Net power 8480 kW.

B: The same process as Type A, except that the steam used by solar energy is used as Heat source for the drying process in the dryer 107 is used. So the process is within the incinerator the same as in the aforementioned type A. In this case it is not

more necessary to supply thermal energy to the dryer. Rather, because of the wet Rubbish leaking steam can be used to preheat the boiler feed water to the available Heat energy by an amount of about

Increase 127 Kcal. Thus reaches the electrical energy generated by 1 kg of wet garbage can be, 0.4487 kWh. In the case of an incinerator handling garbage $ 600 / day is the electrical power generated

at about 11220 kW for the stirring process in the dryer 107; the generated net electrical power at 10900 kW.

A + S-: The same process as Type A, only with the extra step of drying the garbage through High temperature combustion gas is further exploited, so that contained in 1 kg of wet garbage Moisture is reduced from the original value of 0.56 kg to just 0.15 kg before this

Rubbish is placed on the grate for incineration. In this case, the one that remains unburned Fuel to 1.9%, the excess air

1 to 1.5 and the flue gas heat loss

246 Kcal reduced. The remaining conditions are the same as for type A. The for The heat energy available in the steam generator cycle reaches 919 Kcal. In addition, the Ver

combustion gas temperature reach 1320 C; the thermal efficiency of the steam cycle is achieved 36%. Electrical energy that can be generated by 1 kg of wet garbage turns out to be 0.3837 kWh. In the case of an incinerator, in the 600 # / day

Garbage to be treated, the electrical power generated is about 9620 kW and, if one of this value subtracts the electrical consumption of 320 kW for the stirring process in the dryer the net electrical power at 9300 kW.

(The electrical power required by fan 132 is negligible.)

B + S ..: The same procedure as with type B, only that the extra step of drying the garbage through

High temperature combustion gas is used. The process within the incinerator is that same as with type A + S-. In this case, the power available for the steam generator cycle is which can be achieved by 1 kg of wet garbage

is, at 1164 Kcal. In the event of an incinerator, in which 600 g / day of waste are treated, the generated net electrical output is 11860 kW.

A + S .. + S _? : The same procedure as with type A + S ^, only that the extra step of preheating the air by using a high-temperature combustion gas to support the incineration of the garbage from 200 to 450 ^° C. continues to be used

will. In this case, the one remaining unburned Fuel reduced to about 0 while the other conditions are those of the type

A + S are ₁ . Under this condition, the

Thermal energy available for the steam generator cycle 944 Kcal, the combustion gas temperature reaches 1455 C and the thermal efficiency for the steam cycle is about 41%. in the In the case of an incinerator in which 600 # / day garbage are treated, the producible lies electrical power at around 1125 kW and, from this value, an electrical one Consumption of 320 kW for the stirring process in dryer 107 and an electrical power consumption of 120 kW for the extra step of preheating the air, using Combustion gas (including the electrical power of 100 kW required by the air blower

and the electrical power of 20 kW required by the combustion gas burner the net electrical power that can be achieved is 10810 kW.

B + S .. + S ₂ : The same procedure as for type B + S. , only

that the extra step of preheating through use of high temperature combustion gas used in the air to start the combustion of the To entertain garbage. In this case it is

Process within the incinerator is the same as with type A + S ^ + S ^. But the one through solar energy generated steam is used as a heat source for the dryer. Under these conditions

gO is required for the steam generator cycle

liche thermal energy, which is generated from 1 kg of wet garbage, equals 1189 Kcal. Thus, for in the case of an incinerator, in which 600 # / day waste is treated, the achievable electrical

35 see net power 13730 kW.

+ S ^ + S ^: The same procedure as with Type A + S. + S », only the extra preheating step
cold wet garbage by using
Smoke (exhaust) gas is used. Gives the smoke (waste) gas its residual heat energy to the

wet cold garbage until its temperature is lowered below 80 C; Then it will be
this wet garbage of ordinary treatment such as electrostatic dust removal, absorption of harmful gases

and the like. Exposed and finally in the
Atmosphere blown off through the chimney. This allows additional thermal energy of around 134 Kcal to be recovered.

In this case, the one for the steam generator

cycle available heat energy = 1078 Kcal. The electrical power that can be generated is about 12850 kW and, if one subtracts from this value the electrical power consumption of

32o kW for the stirring process in dryer 107

and 120 kW for preheating the air with combustion gas and 340 kW for preheating cold wet garbage with flue gas
(including 160 kW for driving the rotary type garbage preheater 101 and

180 kW for the blower 100), then the
achievable net electrical power at
1207 kW.

B + S.j + S ₂ + S ₃ : The same procedure as for type B + S. + S «,

just that the extra step of preheating
cold wet garbage by using
Flue gas is used. In this case
the heat energy available for steam generation reaches 1323 Kcal; the producible

electrical power about 15 770 kW and,
after one of this value the whole
electrical power consumption of 780 Kcal

has subtracted for the extra steps mentioned, a net electrical power remains of 14990 kW.

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Claims (20)

PATENT CLAIMS 1.) Process for generating energy that can be converted into mechanical energy Thermal energy, from the incineration of wet waste in a waste incineration plant, characterized in that that wet garbage that has been subjected to pre-treatment such as grinding and magnetic separation, is given to a continuously stirring dryer, in which the garbage is stirred and by means of a heat source is dried before the former is placed in an incinerator or a combustion chamber for combustion. 2. Process for generating thermal energy from combustion wet garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat source is the steam coming from the wet garbage evaporates when the latter in D-8000 Munich 2 FOB 26 02 47 τ. -li- r. ΤΛ nnnn XJünrlton OR Cable: phone Telecopier Infotec 6400 B r "» TT. TTT fn on \ OO OR d ^ telex 5-24 the continuously stirring dryer is dried and then the thermal compression of high pressure steam from the boiler or subjected to compression and then returned to dryness, to serve as a heat source for drying the wet garbage. 3. Process for generating thermal energy from combustion or incineration of wet garbage according to claim 2, characterized in that the garbage is stored in a garbage preheater is preheated by flue gas before going into this continuously stirring dryer to the next Drying is given. 4. A method for generating thermal energy from the incineration of wet garbage according to claim 2, characterized in that that the garbage is heated by high temperature combustion gas after it is in the combustion chamber or the Incinerator was abandoned and before it falls by gravity onto the grate of the combustion chamber to be burned. 5. The method for generating thermal energy according to claim 2, characterized in that the support air used to incinerate the garbage by high temperature combustion gas is preheated inside the combustion chamber before the air contacts the garbage to be burned. 6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the garbage is heated by the high-temperature fuel gas, after it has been placed in the combustion chamber and before it falls by gravity onto the grate of the combustion engine for combustion. 7. The method for generating thermal energy according to claim 3, characterized in that the in support of the Incineration of the garbage used air is preheated by high temperature fuel gas inside the combustion chamber, before the air contacts the garbage to be burned. 8. A method for generating thermal energy according to claim 4, characterized in that the maintenance air to be used for incineration of the garbage by the high temperature combustion gas within the combustion chamber is preheated before the air contacts the garbage to be incinerated. 9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that to be used to support the incineration of the garbage Air is preheated by the high temperature fuel gas within the combustion chamber of the incinerator before the air contacts the garbage to be incinerated. 10. A method for generating thermal energy according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat source is the steam that comes from a solar energy steam generator. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the garbage in a garbage preheater by flue gas is preheated before it is fed into the continuously stirring dryer for further drying. 12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the garbage is heated by the high-temperature fuel gas after it has been placed in the incinerator or in the combustion chamber and before it is gravity-fed falls on the combustion grate. 13. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the air to support the waste incineration is preheated by the high temperature combustion gas within the combustion chamber or incinerator before 5 the air contacts the garbage to be incinerated. 14. A method for generating thermal energy according to claim 11, characterized in that the garbage through the high temperature fuel gas is heated before it is put into the incinerator and before it is through Gravity falls on the combustion grate. 15. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the air to support the waste incineration is preheated by the high temperature combustion gas inside the incinerator or inside the combustion chamber, before the air contacts the garbage to be burned. 16. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the air to support the combustion of the Garbage is preheated by the high-temperature fuel gas inside the combustion chamber before the air is too contacted incinerating garbage. 17. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the air to support the combustion of the Garbage is preheated by the high temperature fuel gas inside the combustion chamber before the air is too contacted incinerating garbage. 18. A method for generating thermal energy according to claim 1, characterized in that this heat source is the steam which is drawn off from a suitable stage of the steam turbine. 19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that the garbage is preheated in a garbage preheater by smoke (from) gas before it is added to the continuously stirring dryer for further drying. 20. A method for generating thermal energy according to claim 18, characterized in that the garbage by the high-temperature combustion gas is heated before it is placed in the combustion chamber or the incinerator and before it is placed on the grate of the combustion chamber by means of gravity falls to burn. 21. A method for generating thermal energy according to claim 18, characterized in that the air for support the incineration of the garbage by the high temperature combustion gas within the combustion chamber or incinerator is preheated before this air contacts the garbage to be incinerated. 22. A method for generating thermal energy according to claim 19, characterized in that the garbage by the high-temperature combustion gas is heated after this is placed in the combustion chamber or the incinerator and before it is gravity-fed onto the grate Combustion chamber or incinerator falls to burn. 23. A method for generating thermal energy according to claim 19, characterized in that the air to assist the incineration of the garbage by the high temperature combustion gas is preheated inside the incinerator or the combustion chamber before the air to be burned Rubbish contacted. 24. The method for generating thermal energy according to claim 20, characterized in that the air for support the incineration of the garbage by the high temperature combustion gas within the combustion chamber or incinerator is preheated before the air contacts the garbage to be incinerated. 3417020 25. The method for generating thermal energy according to claim 22, characterized in that the in support of the Incineration of the garbage air to be used by the high temperature combustion gas inside the incinerator or the combustion chamber is preheated before the air contacts the garbage to be incinerated. 26. Device for generating thermal energy, which can be converted into mechanical energy, from the combustion process of wet waste in a combustion chamber or a waste incineration power plant, characterized by the following devices:
A. Garbage drying facilities with a) a garbage preheater, which is at the inflow end the waste inlet of the incinerator or the combustion chamber is arranged to direct the smoke (exhaust) gas to mix with the wet garbage so that the latter is preheated by the former; b) a first screw conveyor behind the waste preheater is arranged; c) a continuously stirring dryer on the downstream side End of the screw conveyor in which a steam jacket for heating and paddling are provided for stirring and to the steam that is contained by the first heating of the moisture tend garbage was obtained, with a thermal compression of the vapor emanating from the garbage is sent back to this dryer to serve as its main heat source and off the solar energy generator and / or the steam door bine incoming steam is also used as a heat source for this dryer; d) a second screw conveyor on the downstream side End of the continuous agitator 35 is arranged; e) a closed and isolated conveyor between the second screw conveyor and the garbage inlet at the combustion chamber or incinerator; f) a: drying chamber in which a multitude of ge inclined baffle plates between the garbage inlet of the combustion chamber and a grate in the combustion chamber are provided, whereby the garbage is due to gravity through the drying chamber moved downward and dried by the high temperature fuel gas which causes will rise to the top due to a combustion gas blower? B. air supply devices with a) a fan; b) a first air preheater, in which smoke (from) gas to preheat the air is used up; c) a second air preheater, in which the Residual heat of the ash to preheat the LuTt is exploited; and d) a third air preheater, in v; elehern that High temperature fuel gas for preheating the air 20 is used; C. Thermal energy supply facilities for this continuously stirring dryer with a) pressurizing devices used to pressurize the steam; the garbage containing moisture evaporates during the garbage heating process, by using the steam introduced by the steam generator; b) Feeding devices for feeding the under pressure set vapors and / or from in the solar energy steam generator generated steam and / or drawn from the steam turbine steam in this continuously stirring dryer.