DE3339503A1 - PUNCHING MACHINE AND TOOL SET FOR PUNCHING MACHINES - Google Patents

Abstract

Stamping machine with a series of tools having each a matrix and, at a certain interval, a stamp which is displaceable in a guiding sleeve. The guiding sleeves are plugged in interchangeably in a guiding plate. To each tool there is adjoined an engageable and disengageable coupling device used to transfer the desired stamping force to the corresponding stamp. Set of tools from said tools, to be provided in a stamping machine, a plurality of tools and a plurality of coupling devices being joined together to form a single structural unit.

Description

Punching machine and tool unit for punching machines

The invention relates to a punching machine with several, each cooperating with a die Punching punches, a drive device for the punching punch movements, and optionally a feed device for clockwise movement of the to punching material through the punching machine.

In known punching machines of this type, with each punch movement or with each punching stroke all punches provided at the same time moved to the material to be punched and the dies, so that they all perform a (punch) cut at the same time. The punching machine can use the principle of the subsequent cut, in which the material to be punched is cycled between the punching strokes through the Punching machine is moved further, with an identical arrangement of punchings or an identical punching pattern after the other is punched repeatedly and a certain workpiece to be punched several having identical stamping patterns one behind the other. Working according to this sequential cutting principle is, however previously limited to the production of workpieces whose overall stamping pattern was based on a number of identical ones Single punching pattern is divisible. If, on the other hand, a workpiece has a specific punch opening, for example has a total of only once, this punch opening must be punched afterwards or must according to the principle of the complete cut. An overall tool must be used for the entire workpiece to be punched be built with a corresponding number of punches, which is extremely complex and In addition, the use of correspondingly large punching machines

requires. In addition, so far is at least from a certain Workpiece size an automatic advance of the material to be punched over the required large Feed length not possible.

The invention is based on the object of creating a punching machine with which workpieces can also be processed cannot be efficiently produced in an overall punching pattern that can be divided into identical individual punching patterns.

To achieve this object, the punching machine is according to the invention characterized in that in at least one of the punches, preferably in all of the punches, a separate drive that can be switched on and off or a coupling with the drive device that can be switched on and off is provided.

The punching machine according to the invention makes it possible at each punching stroke a punch or several punches from a provided punch arrangement turn off or not to drive for the punching movement, so that it does not perform punching. This is special advantageous for punching according to the sequential cut principle, where it is possible to make the individual cuts of the cutting sequence, if necessary, to perform with punching punches that are switched on and off differently. This expands the range of parts that can be produced according to the sequential cut principle is quite considerable. The inventive The punching machine also rationalizes punching according to the complete cutting principle, since with a single tool, which has several punches with associated dies, a larger number of different ones Parts can be punched if you switch other punches on and off depending on the part to be punched. Overall, the production of similar parts, so-called part families, becomes essential

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simplified, as will be explained in more detail below. Also cutting off the punched one Part of the material to be punched, which is fed in as a continuous strip, can be used in the function of the inventive Punching machine can be integrated by providing a punch acting as a severing punch, which is only switched on at the end of the sequence of individual punchings.

The on and off drive of the punch in question can according to claim 2 by this Punch assigned, hydraulic cylinder-piston unit be realized. This single drive from Stamping, however, is a complex construction. That is why it is preferred to be switched on and off Assigning coupling elements in individual punching dies. In an embodiment of the invention, there are preferred options for this are given in claims 3 and 4.

Advantageously, there is a switchable drive or a switchable drive for each punch that can be switched on and off Coupling element provided, although it is also possible to switch punches on and off in groups to be provided. Advantageously, several or all of the punching punches are in the intended punching punch arrangement can be switched on and off.

The invention also relates to a punching machine with at least one cooperating with a die Punch, a drive device for the punch movement and possibly a feed device for clockwise movement of the material to be punched through the punching machine, in which a machine table with several mounting positions for one tool unit each,

the at least one die and at least one punch that can be acted upon by the drive device has, is provided. This punching machine training according to the invention has the advantage that, depending on the punching task to be carried out, tool units be attached to the machine table, so to speak an arrangement of punching punches cut to size is put together for the respective punching task. This type of machine can use the complete cutting principle or, which is particularly preferred, work according to the consecutive cut principle. The individual punches or individual tool units can according to the points of view outlined above and options can be switched on and off.

The punching machine training according to the invention described in the preceding paragraph has the advantage that because of the very variable arrangement of the tool units on the machine table and the resulting possible, extensive adaptation to the respective punching task in the longitudinal direction of the punching machine, i.e. in the direction from the material supply to the material discharge, less space is required than, for example with a conventional punching machine that works according to the sequential cut principle. The punching machine according to the invention can therefore be built much lighter and smaller in terms of the installed drive power than conventional ones Punching machines to maximum occupancy, i.e. use of the entire machine length for punch use, had to be interpreted. Also, the depth of the punch machine, measured perpendicular to the described longitudinal direction of the punching machine, are used for the arrangement of tool units, so that Workpieces of different widths can be manufactured efficiently.

The invention also relates to dies for punching machines, in which a cutting insert in a Receiving opening is arranged interchangeably. The cutting insert becomes blunt when a die becomes blunt not sharpened, but replaced. In this way it is no longer necessary as before It is common practice to grind the entire die plate even if only one of the dies becomes blunt. It also includes the previously required readjustment of embossing forms that may have been provided in the tool, because the relative positions of cutting inserts and embossing forms remain the same. The inventive On the one hand, the disposable die has a design that is independent of the punching machine designs according to the invention inventive importance. On the other hand, this disposable die is used in the punching machine designs according to the invention particularly advantageous because the individual matrices are usually unequal to the Cut and therefore become blunt at different rates.

If above of punching punches, punching force or the like. has been spoken of, then this should not only apply to punching processes, i.e. cutting processes, in the narrower sense Make sense. Rather, these terms should also be used for comparable processes, such as embossing, flanging, with partial Cutting, connected bending of material areas, and the like.

The punching machines according to the invention are preferred electronically controlled, in particular CNC-controlled (computerized numerical control). This control can the switching on and off of the individual punches or the drive of the individual punches and, if applicable take over the feed device. The control takes place favorably by means of an integrated,

program-controlled computer to which the data for the each workpiece to be produced are fed. Using sensors, the reaching of the upper and the bottom dead center of the punching stroke are detected, with the respective punch after the top dead center switched on and switched off after bottom dead center. In addition, for example A sensor is used to check whether all punching punches that are switched on are punching waste comes, whereby the punching machine is noticeable in the event of malfunctions noticeable through the absence of punching waste switches off automatically. The punching machine according to the invention can be fully automated and, as a result, can can also be operated without operating personnel, for example at night. The programming the control can, for example, via a keypad, via perforated strips or via an information carrier cassette programmed.

The invention also relates to a tool unit according to claim 7. Its own drive or coupling device is preferably designed as specified in claims 2 to 4 for punching machines as a whole. The self-propulsion or the coupling device is preferably assigned to the tool unit, although it is in certain cases Applications also come into question, the punching machine with corresponding own drives or coupling devices equip, of which only those come into function in which a tool unit is currently arranged.

BATH

The invention and developments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown partially schematically. Show it:

1 shows a cross section through the punch area of a punching machine of the first embodiment, namely transversely to the longitudinal extension of the punching machine;

2 shows a view of the punch area of a punching machine of the second embodiment, wherein the viewing direction is transverse to the longitudinal direction of the punching machine;

3 shows a vertical section on a larger scale through a tool unit of the punching machine according to FIG. 2;

4 shows a longitudinal section on an enlarged scale through a modified tool unit the punching machine according to FIG. 2, as well as plan views of a die holder and a Die cutting insert;

5 shows one with the punching machines according to the invention manufacturable family of parts.

Fig. 1 shows a top plate 2 and a base plate 4 of a punching machine. The top plate 2 is by means of a drive device, not shown, for example in the form of a hydraulic punching stroke drive or an eccentric punching stroke drive, can be moved towards the base plate 4 along guide columns 6 under guidance. Between the top plate 2 and the base plate 4, a hold-down device 8 is arranged, which is also guided

can be moved through the guide columns 6 to the base plate 4, wherein between the top plate 2 and the Downholder 8, the guide columns 6 surrounding spring elements 10 are arranged so that at the beginning of the downward movement the head plate 2 of the hold-down 8 until it hits the not shown to be punched Material is taken along and then a further downward movement of the head plate 2 without further entrainment of the hold-down device 8 and by compressing the spring elements 10 is possible.

The head plate 2 has an upper plate part 12, a lower plate part 14 and one below attached, smaller stamp holding plate 16 on. A punch 18 is with its widened head in a stepped through hole 2 0 of the punch holding plate 16 received and penetrates downward the hold-down. Above the punch 18 is in an aligned hole in the lower plate part a plunger 22 is arranged, which with its upper end face with the upper side of the lower plate part 14 is aligned or slightly below.

On the base plate 4 is a plate-shaped die holder 24 attached, which receives the actual die in a corresponding recess. Below the die opening 28 has a bore 30 through the base plate 4 for discharging the punching waste.

Above the punch 18 and the ram 22, the upper plate part 12 has a recess 32, in FIG

beveled at the front
the one / intermediate piece 34 can be moved from left to right and back in the drawing. A pneumatic cylinder-piston unit 36, which is attached to the outside of the head plate, is used to carry out this displacement movement

is attached. In the passive position shown in Fig. 1 of the intermediate piece 34 is above the Plunger 22 free space available, so that when the head plate 2 and the hold-down 8 move downward, the Punch 18 initially taken down because of the friction in the bore of the hold-down device 8 is, but then with further downward movement of the head plate 2 receives no punching force from above, but stops on top of the material to be punched without performing a punch. In the Upward movement of the head plate 2 is the punch 18 again because of its widened head taken upstairs. If, however, the intermediate piece 34 is in the opposite of the situation shown Active position shifted to the right is located, it fills above the punch 18 and the ram the free space. With a downward movement of the head plate 2, the punch 18 with punching force applies and performs a punching as if it were rigidly connected in the vertical direction to the top plate were. So you have a very simple possibility in front of you, the punch 18 drawn with of the top plate 2 to be coupled (right active position of the intermediate piece 34) and of the vertical punching movement of the head plate 2 (left passive position of the intermediate piece 34).

In front of and behind the plane of the drawing in FIG. 1, there are further punches 18 and dies 26 with an analog Structure provided. It does not have to be a row of punches 18 arranged in a straight line act, but the punches 18 can also viewed in the direction of view of FIG. 1 - partly be arranged further to the left and partly to the right. It is also possible in a plane perpendicular to the Provide a plurality of switchable punch punches along the length of the punching machine.

If now a material strip to be punched in the longitudinal direction the punching machine through the space between the hold-down device 8 and the die holder 24 in cycles is advanced, the individual punches 18 can be adjusted as required by a CNC control and be turned off. For example, an identical recess can be placed next to the other for each punching stroke be punched, while certain holes of the workpiece, for example, only once after a a certain number of recesses are punched and a separating punch only once at the end of the workpiece is actuated with the punched row of recesses.

The punch area of a punching machine shown in FIG The second embodiment differs from the punching machine according to Figure 1 primarily in that that the machine table 38 has a series of receiving positions for tool units 42 along the punching machine. A lower part 44 is attached to the machine table 38 and an upper part 46 is attached at a distance above it Lower part 44 and upper part 46 can go through the entire length of the machine table 38, in shorter sections can be subdivided or can also form a separate part for each tool unit 4 2. Above the row of tool units 42 extends a head plate 2, which in the illustrated embodiment has the shape of an in Has the longitudinal direction of the punching machine extending beam. To perform the punching movement, the top plate 2 is after moves below and applies a punching force to one, several or all of the tool units 42.

The details of a tool unit 42 are shown in FIG and their application of punching force in more detail

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recognizable. The tool unit 42 shown consists essentially of one arranged on the lower part 44 Die holder 24 with die designed as an inserted cutting insert 26, one into the upper part 46 from above used punch unit 48, which is displaceable against the action of the springs 50 down to the die, and a coupling device attached to the bottom of the head plate 2. The coupling device consists essentially from a vertical blind bore 54, which is open at the bottom, with a plunger 56 arranged therein so as to be vertically displaceable. Associated with the plunger 56 is an intermediate piece 34 which is beveled at the front and is lower, for example by means of a pneumatic The cylinder-piston unit 36 is displaceable and is completely analogous to that described in connection with FIG. 1 for switching on and off of the plunger 56 is used. Instead of the displaceable intermediate piece 34, provision could also be made for the plunger 56 thereby switching on and off that the blind bore space above the plunger 56 optionally with incompressible hydraulic medium pressure-tight fills or opens a discharge path for this hydraulic medium. Below the cutting insert 26, an opening 40 for discharging the punching waste is provided in the lower part 44 and in the machine table 38.

When the drawn plunger 56 by moving the intermediate piece 34 is switched on to the left and the head plate 2 is lowered to carry out a punching movement, then the plunger 56 presses the top of the punch unit 48 and presses it downward against the action of the springs 50. Included the lower end face 52 of the punch unit 48 acts as a hold-down device. In the punch unit 48 is a Punch arranged so that it can move vertically, with 4 shows a possible embodiment for this. The punch 18 occurs with further downward movement of the head plate 2 through the cutting insert 26 and performs the actual punching.

A group of several dies 26, punching punch units 48 and coupling devices can also be used as the tool unit 42 provide. It is also possible to have a group of several coupling devices as a unit under the head plate 2, even if the dies 26 and punch units 48 are used individually. The punch unit 48 is simply inserted from above into a corresponding bore in the upper part 46 in the simplest manner. Same goes for the die 26. The tool units 42 cannot only be provided in a row in the longitudinal direction of the punching machine but also in several rows one behind the other, seen in the direction of view of Fig. 2. So you have a punching machine in front of you, with the individual tool units 42 or groups of tool units 42 at a selectable point the punching machine can be arranged, adapted to the respective punching task. The tool units 4 2 are suitable also excellent for retrofitting existing punching machines.

In Fig. 4, a preferred embodiment for a punch unit 48 is shown in more detail. One recognizes an upper tool head 58, a lower guide sleeve 60 and an intermediate one Spring element 62. A concentric, top to bottom

_ -us _

A punch holder 64 is arranged to penetrate the interior of these parts 58, 60, 62 running below, to which the actual punch 18 of smaller diameter is attached below. The punch unit 48 is of the type lubricated from the inside by an oil supply channel 66, the lubricating oil up to goes down to the cutting punch 18 and its implementation through the lower end of the guide sleeve 60. If by means of the plunger 56 (FIGS. 2 and 3) with downward movement of the head plate 2 on the respective tool head 5 8 is pressed, the entire punch unit 48 moves first down to its lower Front side rests on the material to be punched as a hold-down device. The further downward movement of the headstock 2 causes the respective spring element 62 to be compressed and thereby the actual spring element to emerge Punch 18 below from the punch unit 48 through the associated die 26.

The die 26 shown in FIG. 4 is a cutting insert in what is known as a disposable version, that is to say in the case of Buttocks are not reground, but replaced will. The cutting punch receptacle 24 has a top - seen from above - circular, but with a straightening 68 provided receiving recess 7 0. The one with a corresponding circumferential contour is inserted into this from above provided cutting insert 2 6 inserted and fastened with small screws. The cutting insert 26 contains the actual die cutting opening 28. The straightening 68 ensures a precisely positioned position of the cutting insert 26.

Fig. 5 shows a simple example of a so-called family of parts from switch housing construction. Such Part families, even of a much more complicated type, can be created with a

Manufacture the punching machine particularly efficiently.

Fig. 5a) shows the simplest part of the family of parts, in the case of the seven large punched recesses 72 arranged at an identical distance from one another and in each case between them a smaller punched recess 7 4 are present. To manufacture this part 76, one is in the longitudinal direction Provide two punches 18 adjacent to the punching machine, one for punching a larger recess 72 and the other for punching a smaller recess 74. Both punches are each after Advance of the part 76 is actuated at the same time by the advance length a. Only for separating the finished part 76 of the shaped punching raw material could be a separating cutting punch be provided, which is switched on only once after seven punching strokes.

The part 78 according to FIG. 5b) differs from the part 76 in that it is shorter and in that in some of the smaller recesses 74, an elongated recess shape 74 'is to be punched. here can be spaced from the two previously described, for example, in the longitudinal direction of the punching machine Punch punches provide an additional punch, which the extensions of the recesses 74 ' punches. This additional punch is to be controlled in such a way that it does not perform the punch with every punching movement of the punching machine, but only where this is done by the program control of the punching machine is specified. Otherwise this additional punch remains switched off. In addition, there is the separating punch to be controlled so that after a part 78 with five recesses 72 is separated.

The part 80 according to FIG. 5c) differs from the parts 76 and 78 in that the larger recesses

BATH ORIGINAL

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have a smaller mutual center-to-center distance a, so that the smaller recesses 74 '' 'are smaller than before, that in some of the sheet metal tabs between the recesses 72 holes 82 are to be punched and that at the beginning of the part a special recess 84 with a different shape is to be punched. Here you will with regard to the recesses 72 and 74 '' proceed in the same way as for part 7 6. For holes 82 and the separate recess 84 will each be provided with a separate punch, analogous to us in the context with Fig. 5b) for the extension of the smaller recesses 74 'described. The additional punches are to be switched on in a controlled manner when a hole 82 or a recess 84 are to be punched.

Claims (7)

UX) R · KU NKER · SCHMITTMLSOX · HiFTSCl ϊ ΐηΊΈΥΓΛΜλ ALTK Kl ΚΐΗΊ-ΛΝ IWKM \ ΤηΗίΜΛ> K 20 639K / 8ma October 31, 1983 Dietz
NC tool systems Kreuzstrasse 3
8374 Viechtach Punching machine and tool unit for punching machines Expectations: . Punching machine, with several punches, each cooperating with a die; a drive device for the punch movements; and, if necessary, a feed device for the cyclical further movement of the material to be punched through the punching machine, characterized in that in at least one of the punching punches (18), preferably with all punching punches (18), a separate drive that can be switched on and off or a coupling (34, 36) with the drive device that can be switched on and off is provided. BATH ORIGINAL 2. Punching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that that its own drive is a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit. 3. Punching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that that the switchable coupling has an intermediate piece (3 4) which is in a head plate (2) for Exercise of the punching force is arranged on the punching punch (18) switched on and that, preferably pneumatic (through 36) hydraulic, mechanical or electromagnetic, between an active position, in which the punching force from the top plate (2) via the intermediate piece (34) to the associated punch (18) is transferred, and a withdrawn passive position in which the assigned The punch (18) can be displaced relative to the top plate (2) without the transmission of punching force and is movable forward. 4. Punching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that that the switchable coupling has a hydraulic cylinder-piston element (5 4, 56) which is shown in a head plate (2) for exerting the punching force on the punching punch (18) that is switched on and that by supplying hydraulic medium in the state of a force-transmitting intermediate member the transfer of punching force to the associated punch (18) and by draining off hydraulic fluid in the state of a relative movement without the transfer of punching force between the Head plate (2) and the associated punch (18) permitting intermediate link can be brought. 5. punching machine, in particular according to one of the claims 1 to 4, with at least one punch cooperating with a die; a drive device for the punch movement; and, if necessary, a feed device for clockwise movement of the material to be punched through the punching machine;
marked by a machine table (38) with several receiving positions for one tool unit each (42), the at least one die (26) and at least one which can be acted upon by the drive device Has punch (18). 6. punching machine according to claim 5, characterized / that the tool unit (s) at the receiving positions is (are) pluggable. 7. Tool unit for use in a punching machine, which is designed in particular according to one of claims 1 to 6 is, gekennz eichnet by a die (26), a cooperating with the die Punch (18), as well as its own, which can be switched on and off Drive or a coupling device (34, 36) that can be switched on and off, through which the tool unit (42) with the drive device of the punching machine for the punching punch movements optionally can be coupled. ^ß AD ORIGINAL /