DE3334451T1 - Combined transmit / receive element for transmitted signals, in particular for phase-controlled antenna element groups - Google Patents

Combined transmit / receive element for transmitted signals, in particular for phase-controlled antenna element groups

Info

Publication number
DE3334451T1
DE3334451T1 DE19833334451 DE3334451T DE3334451T1 DE 3334451 T1 DE3334451 T1 DE 3334451T1 DE 19833334451 DE19833334451 DE 19833334451 DE 3334451 T DE3334451 T DE 3334451T DE 3334451 T1 DE3334451 T1 DE 3334451T1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
phase
element according
electromagnetic signals
mode
transmitting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19833334451
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Robert W. Hopkinton Mass. Bierig
Robert A. Needham Mass. Pucel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Raytheon Co
Original Assignee
Raytheon Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Raytheon Co filed Critical Raytheon Co
Publication of DE3334451T1 publication Critical patent/DE3334451T1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/03—Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters

Description

Kombiniertes Sende-Empfangselement für gesendete Signale insbesondere für phasengesteuerte AntennenelementgruppenCombined transmit / receive element for transmitted signals especially for phased antenna element groups

Die Erfindung betrifft kombinierte Sende-Empfangselemente, insbesondere für phasengesteuerte Antennenelementgruppen. Im einzelnen wird ein Sende-Empfangselement für die Steuerung der Phase eines Mikrowellensignales vorgeschlagen, das ein derartiges Sende-Empfangselement durchläuft.The invention relates to combined transmit / receive elements, in particular for phased antenna element groups. In detail, a transmit / receive element for controlling the Proposed phase of a microwave signal that passes through such a transmitting / receiving element.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, den Kostenaufwand und die Größe des Sende-Empfangsele^entes zu verringern, indem die Verwendung eines einzigen aktiven nicht reziproken Phasenschiebers ermöglicht wird.It is the object of the present invention to reduce costs and to reduce the size of the transmit / receive element by the use of a single active non-reciprocal phase shifter is enabled.

Das Sende-Empfangselement nach der Erfindung enthält eine Mehrzahl von Schaltmitteln, welche so angeordnet sind, daß während einer Sendebetriebsweise ein mikrowellenfrequentes Signal, insbesondere ein von einem Radarsystem bereitgestelltes mikrowellenfrequentes Signal, durch einen nicht reziproken Phasenschieber zu einer phasengesteuerten Antennenelementgruppe geführt wird und daß während einer Empfangsbetriebsweise ein mikrowellenfrequentes Signal, welches von einer phasengesteuerten Antennenelementgruppe empfangen wird, durch den nicht reziproken Phasenschieber dem Radarsystem geführt wird. Das mikrowellenfrequente Signal durchläuft den Phasenschieber sowohl während der Sendebetriebsweise als auch während der Empfangsbetriebsweise in derselben Richtung. Eine Gruppe von Steuersignalen wird den Schaltmitteln und dem Phasenschieber des Sende-Empfangselementes zugeführt, um während der Sendebetriebsweise gebündelte und ausgerichtete Richtstrahlen für die Mikrowellenenergie zu erzeugen. Die Phasenschiebermittel sind insbesondere nicht reziprok, wobei ein Sendeverstärker und ein Empfangsvertärker vorgesehen sind.The transceiver element according to the invention contains a A plurality of switching means which are arranged so that a microwave frequency during a transmission mode Signal, in particular a microwave-frequency signal provided by a radar system, through a non-reciprocal one Phase shifter is fed to a phase-controlled antenna element group and that during a receiving mode of operation a microwave frequency signal generated by a phased Antenna element group is received, is guided by the non-reciprocal phase shifter to the radar system. The The microwave frequency signal passes through the phase shifter both during the transmission mode as well as during the reception mode in the same direction. A group of Control signals are fed to the switching means and the phase shifter of the transmitting / receiving element in order to during the transmission mode of operation to generate bundled and aligned directional beams for the microwave energy. The phase shift means are in particular not reciprocal, with a transmit amplifier and a receive amplifier being provided.

.3 -.3 -

Die Schaltmittel können eine Anzahl von Feldeffekttransistoren aufweisen, denen vom Radarsystem Steuersignale zufließen. Die ■ Phasenschiebermittel können eine Anzahl von Phasenschieberstufen aufweisen, welche -jeweils Phasenverschiebungsschritte vornehmen, so daß eine Kombination der Phasenverschiebungsschritte in der gewünschten Phasenverschiebung resultiert. Gemäß anderer Ausgestaltungen können die Phasenschiebermittel zueinander parallele Quadraturkanäle aufweisen. Die Schaltung wird in Mikrostreifentechnik realisiert, so daß das Sende-Empfangselement die Gestalt eines Moduls auf einem Substrat hat. Da die einzelnen Teile des Sende-Empfangselementes als monolithische integrierte Mikrowellenschaltung verwirklicht werden können, wie eben festgestellt wurde, ergibt sich bei einem Aufbau entsprechend der Erfindung ein kompaktes Sende-Empfangselement in Modul-Bauweise bei geringeren Herstellungskosten.The switching means can be a number of field effect transistors have, to which control signals flow from the radar system. The ■ Phase shifting means can have a number of phase shifting stages have, which each make phase shifting steps, so that a combination of the phase shifting steps results in the desired phase shift. According to other refinements, the phase shifter means can be parallel to one another Have quadrature channels. The circuit is made using microstrip technology realized so that the transmit-receive element has the shape of a module on a substrate. Because the individual parts of the transmitter / receiver element are integrated as a monolithic Microwave circuit can be implemented, as has just been stated, results from a structure accordingly According to the invention, a compact transmitter / receiver element in modular design with lower manufacturing costs.

Selbstverständlich ist jeweils jedes Sende-Empfangselement einem zugehörigen Antennenelement der phasengesteuerten Antennenelementgruppe zugeordnet, wobei benachbarte identische Sende-Empfangselemente jeweils benachbarten Antennenelementen entsprechen und in vorgegebenem'Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind.It goes without saying that each transmit / receive element is in each case an associated antenna element of the phased array antenna element assigned, with adjacent identical transmit / receive elements each adjacent antenna elements and are arranged at a predetermined distance from one another are.

Die genannten Schaltmittel, vorzugsweise in Gestalt von Feldeffekttransistoren, führen die Signale von einem gemeinsamen Eingangsanschluß über die genannten Phasenschiebermittel zu einem jeweils zugehörigen Antennenelement während der Sendephase und führen die genannten Signale von dem entsprechenden Antennenelement über die Phasenschiebermittel zu dem gemeinsamen Speiseanschluß während einer Empfanqsbetriebsweise.The switching means mentioned, preferably in the form of field effect transistors, feed the signals from a common input terminal via said phase shifting means a respective associated antenna element during the transmission phase and carry the said signals from the corresponding one Antenna element via the phase shifter means to the common feed connection during a reception mode of operation.

- 2- 2nd

Claims (8)

333A451 Patentansprüche333A451 claims 1./ Kombiniertes Sende-Empfangselement für elektromagnetische i1. / Combined transmitter / receiver element for electromagnetic i Signale, insbesondere für eine phasengesteuerte Antennenele- ISignals, especially for a phased antenna element- I mentgruppe, mit zwischen zwei Anschlüssen befindlichen Pha- Iment group, with Pha- I located between two connections senschiebermitteln, gekennzeichnet durch Schaltmittel zur Füh- ι rung der elektromagnetischen Signale von einem der Anschlüsse über die Phasenschiebermittel zu dem anderen der Anschlüsse während einer ersten Betriebsweise und zur Führung der elektromagnetischen Signale von einem anderen der Anschlüsse wiederum über die Phasenschiebermittel zu dem einen der Anschlüsse während einer zweiten Betriebsweise.senschiebermittel, characterized by switching means for Füh- ι tion of the electromagnetic signals from one of the ports via the phase shifting means to the other of the ports during a first mode of operation and for routing the electromagnetic signals from another of the connections via the phase shifter means to one of the connections during a second mode of operation. 2. Sende-Empfangselement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Paar von Verstärkern vorgesehen ist und daß die Schaltmittel so ausgebildet sind, daß in der ersten Betriebsweise die elektromagnetischen Signale von dem einen der Anschlüsse über die Phasenschiebermittel und einen ersten der Verstärker zu dem anderen Anschluß geführt werden, während in einer zweiten Betriebsweise die elektromagnetischen Signale von dem anderen Anschluß über den zweiten der genannten Verstärker und den Phasenschieber zu dem ersten Anschluß geführt2. transmitting-receiving element according to claim 1, characterized in that that a pair of amplifiers is provided and that the switching means are designed so that in the first mode of operation the electromagnetic signals from one of the terminals via the phase shifting means and a first of the Amplifier are fed to the other connection, while in a second mode of operation the electromagnetic signals from the other connection via the second of said amplifiers and the phase shifter to the first connection ! werden.! will. 3. Sende-Empfangselement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch ge- :kennzeichnet, daß die Phasenschiebermittel von den elektromagnetischen Signalen in der einen und der anderen Betriebswei-3. Transmitter-receiver element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that : indicates that the phase shifting means depend on the electromagnetic Signals in one and the other operating mode ■ se jeweils in ein und derselben Richtung durchflossen werden.■ flow through each in one and the same direction. 4. Sende-Empfangselement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 für eine phasengesteuerte Antennenelementgruppe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß benachbarte, gleich ausgebildete Sende-Empfangselemente den einzelnen, in vorgegebenem gegenseitigem Abstand voneinander angeordneten Antennenelementen jeweils zugeordnet sind.4. Transceiver element according to one of claims 1 to 3 for a phased array of antenna elements, characterized in that that adjacent, identically designed transmit / receive elements each assigned to the individual antenna elements arranged at a predetermined mutual distance from one another are. 5. Sende-Empfangselement nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaltmittel während einer Sendephase von einem gemeinsamen Anschluß elektromagnetische Signale über die Phasenschiebermittel zu dem' jeweils zugehörigen Antennenelement führen, während in einer Empfangsphase die Schaltmittel elektromagnetische Signale von dem jeweils zugehörigen Antennenelement über die Phasenschiebermittel zu dem gemeinsamen Anschluß weitergeben. 5. transmitting-receiving element according to claim 4, characterized in that that the switching means during a transmission phase from a common connection electromagnetic signals via the phase shifting means lead to the 'respectively associated antenna element, while in a receiving phase the switching means are electromagnetic Pass on signals from the respective associated antenna element via the phase shifter means to the common connection. 6. Sende-Empfangselement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den beiden Anschlüssen übertragene elektromagnetische Signale sowohl eine einstellbare Phasenverschiebung als auch eine einstellbare Verstärkung erfahren. 6. transmitting / receiving element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized characterized in that electromagnetic signals transmitted between the two connections have both an adjustable Experience phase shift as well as an adjustable gain. 7. Sende-Empfangselement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Phasenschiebermittel zwei Quadraturkanäle und/oder eine Mehrzahl von Phasenschieberstufen aufweisen. 7. transmitting-receiving element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized characterized in that the phase shifting means has two quadrature channels and / or have a plurality of phase shifter stages. 8. Sende-Empfangselement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es in Modulbauweise unter Anordnung der Bauteile auf einem gemeinsamen Substrat aufgebaut ist.8. transceiver element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it has a modular structure with the components arranged on a common substrate is.
DE19833334451 1982-03-01 1983-03-01 Combined transmit / receive element for transmitted signals, in particular for phase-controlled antenna element groups Ceased DE3334451T1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US35312482A 1982-03-01 1982-03-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3334451T1 true DE3334451T1 (en) 1984-04-05

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DE19833334451 Ceased DE3334451T1 (en) 1982-03-01 1983-03-01 Combined transmit / receive element for transmitted signals, in particular for phase-controlled antenna element groups

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58164302A (en)
DE (1) DE3334451T1 (en)
FR (1) FR2522447B1 (en)
GB (5) GB2115984B (en)
WO (1) WO1983003171A1 (en)

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DE3307404A1 (en) * 1983-03-02 1984-09-06 Raytheon Co., Lexington, Mass. Combined transmitting/receiving element for electromagnetic signals
DE19643038A1 (en) * 1996-10-18 1998-04-23 Putzmeister Ag Device and method for pumping viscose fluid mixtures

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JP2560001Y2 (en) * 1991-09-04 1998-01-21 三菱電機株式会社 Transmission / reception module
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AU688398B2 (en) * 1993-10-14 1998-03-12 Andrew Corporation A variable differential phase shifter
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DE3307404A1 (en) * 1983-03-02 1984-09-06 Raytheon Co., Lexington, Mass. Combined transmitting/receiving element for electromagnetic signals
DE19643038A1 (en) * 1996-10-18 1998-04-23 Putzmeister Ag Device and method for pumping viscose fluid mixtures
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2522447A1 (en) 1983-09-02
GB2158996B (en) 1986-09-17
GB8509494D0 (en) 1985-05-15
GB8509496D0 (en) 1985-05-15
GB2158997B (en) 1986-09-24
GB2165397A (en) 1986-04-09
GB8509495D0 (en) 1985-05-15
GB2158997A (en) 1985-11-20
GB2158996A (en) 1985-11-20
GB2115984B (en) 1986-09-24
FR2522447B1 (en) 1988-06-10
GB2115984A (en) 1983-09-14
GB2159333A (en) 1985-11-27
GB2165397B (en) 1986-09-03
GB2159333B (en) 1986-09-17
JPS58164302A (en) 1983-09-29
GB8509497D0 (en) 1985-05-15
WO1983003171A1 (en) 1983-09-15
GB8305509D0 (en) 1983-03-30

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