DE31958C - Machine for producing roof shingles - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

Patented in the German Empire on January 11, 1885.

The subject of the invention is a machine that completely independently from one of her cut the handed over wood block roofing shingles by doing the necessary processing of the wood one after the other.

The machine acts in such a way that one is clamped on the table of the same Block of wood from the length of the shingles to be produced from a semicircular cross-section makes a to-and-fro movement with the table, working on different, tools attached to the machine will pass with each stroke of the machine outsource their functions on the block in such a way that they work a clapboard on it and detach. The main thing is that the machine consists of one on one long Frames with horizontal guides, movable table on which the block of wood is clamped and is pushed back and forth by any drive mechanism by means of a connecting rod.

A planing knife head attached to the side of the machine frame planes an inclined surface on the first part of the movement of the wood block and at the same time mills a narrow groove, which forms the lower edge of the shingle, in the block; As the block of wood moves on, it slides over a horizontally mounted milling head with two pointed knives, which mills the groove into the wider side of the wedge-shaped shingle to be produced. The block of wood then continues to slide in the same direction and comes into the working area of a circular saw, which is set a little crooked and cuts the shingle from the block of wood at the correct angle. During the return movement of the table with the block of wood, the latter is rotated by the width of a shingle, so that the processing just described begins again when the table is moved forward again. In this way the shingles are cut off along the entire periphery of the block of wood; If, after a row of shingles has been separated, the block of wood is still so large that it can be used for further processing, it can be suspended by moving it. Clamping device lowered so that its periphery is again at the appropriate height and work can begin again.
~ In the accompanying drawing, the machine is in:

Fig. Ι in front view, in

Fig. 2 in side view and in

Fig. 3 shown in outline.

Fig. 4 shows the division of the wood block during processing into shingles.

The on shingles to be processed wood block F is held by a corresponding clamping and control mechanism such between the two uprights H a shiftable in horizontal sense on machine frames A table B and successively turned, that he with reference to the attached to the racks Tools always the right Position. For this purpose the block of wood is fastened by means of a tension screw g 1 between two clamping jaws g and g ₁ , which are placed on pins that are guided in the stands H and can be moved up and down by screw spindles.

Jaws g is loosely attached to a round pin G, which behind its round part has a thread with a nut that can move on it, so that longitudinal displacements of the work piece can be prevented by tightening this nut. The rearmost part of the pin g forms a prismatic guide head which is movable in the guide b of the stand H. The other clamping jaw g ₁ carries a small worm wheel G ₂ and is located on the pin G ₁ , which is movable in the vertical guide b ₁ in a manner analogous to the pin G. The two pins G and G ₁ can be moved, ie raised or lowered, in the guides b and b _x by screw spindles h and It ₁ , for which purpose these spindles are connected to a shaft h ₂ mounted horizontally between the uprights H by means of cone wheel pairs ; the latter can be moved by hand using a crank. The described parts of the machine evidently enable the correct setting of the block to the required height. However, so that the block can be turned around the angle corresponding to a shingle thickness each time after a shingle has been severed, a separate control mechanism _{is connected to the aforementioned small worm wheel G 2.} This is because a worm gear engages in the worm wheel G ₂ , which is attached to a vertical shaft I ₁ and so rests between two bearing-like jaws g _{s on the pin G 1} so that they take part in the elevations and depressions of the clamping device must. Correspondingly, the shaft I ₁ is displaceably and rotatably mounted in its bearings attached to the uprights H , has a longitudinal groove and carries a grooved friction wheel K which is inevitably attached . Below this friction wheel, a toothed wheel k with large side ribs is loosely pushed onto shaft I _1; both wheels are fixed between two bearing brackets. On the upper side of its rim facing the friction wheel, the gear wheel k has _{two eccentric grinding segments A 1} , which insert themselves into the groove of the friction wheel K and take it with them as soon as the gear wheel k rotates in a certain direction, but when the gear wheel rotates in the other Sliding back in direction without effect in the groove. The automatic turning of the block of wood after cutting off a shingle takes place in such a way that when the table B moves back on the frame A, a toothed rack L engaging in the toothed wheel k is displaced by a certain amount. This rack L is mounted between the uprights H and carries a helical spring I at its front end, which always tries to keep the rack in the most retracted position. As often as the table B has almost reached the rearmost end of the frame A , the end of the rack L protruding behind the stand H butts against an adjusting screw L ₁ attached outside the machine, so that during the short part of the retreat that follows, the rack L between the stand H is moved. As a result, the gear k engaging in it is rotated to the left, the grinding segments A ₁ clamp themselves firmly in the groove of the friction wheel K and take it with them. The wheel K moves the shingle I ₁ , worm / and worm _{wheel G 2} and thereby rotates the block of wood by a certain amount corresponding to the shingle ceiling.

The friction wheel K with the grinding segments Ar ₁ can of course also be connected to other coupling devices, ζ. Β. a sliding wheel with a sliding pawl etc. must be replaced!

In order to be able to turn back the block of wood by 180 ° in order to separate a new row of shingles after the block has been turned, a small, conical wheel i is inevitably connected to the shaft I ₁ , which is connected to a second wheel on a short crank shaft i ₂ I ₁ can be rotated so that the reverse rotation of the block F can be done very quickly and easily by hand. _;

The table B , which is provided with this clamping and control mechanism, slides back and forth on the machine frame A , as mentioned at the beginning, with the wooden block F successively coming into contact with the above-mentioned tools. These tools include, first of all, the circular saw C, the shaft C _{1 of which} lies in its own bearing c in a correspondingly oblique position; The latter is movable in two vertical guide slots of the frame A and can be set higher and lower by any adjusting device C ₁ in order to be able to always set the saw back to the correct level if its dimensions change due to wear and re-sharpening of its teeth. Just behind the saw shaft is in the frames A d of the milling cutter Nuthe D mounted, whose diameter, as already stated, have the purpose to create the Nuthen in the shingles. Behind this router the planing cutter E is mounted on the side of racks A, whose shaft Is is _one wrong in her neck bearing e, so that the planer knives have the necessary for the production of wedge-shaped shingles inclination. On the upper surface of the cutter head E , four cutter-like knives F _{2 are also} attached, which work a groove in the block and thus limit the shingle in the desired width.

The reciprocating movement of the table B on the machine frame A can, as already mentioned, take place by any drive mechanism, but is best accomplished by a mechanism which allows slow advancement and rapid retraction. For this purpose, the drawing shows an arrangement in which the connecting rod M, which is attached to the table B on the one hand, is connected to a grinding coulisse N on the other hand. This grinding coulisse, which on the one hand is rotatably mounted at m , receives a coulisse stone η in its guide slot, in the bore of which the crank pin ο of a spur gear O rotates. This gear O is driven by any back gear, in the drawing by a small piston wheel p, which sits on a shaft P. This shaft simultaneously carries all the pulleys QRS to transmit the movement to the disks qr and 5, the shaft C _{1 of} the circular saw d, the milling cutter D and E _{1 of} the planing knife head E.

When the shaft P rotates to the right, the spur gear O rotates to the left. In doing so, its crank pin ο with the coulisse stone η attached to it slides, now in the lower, now in the upper part of the guide slot of the coulisse N. In the upper part, the coulisse stone η slides to the left during the movement, so that the coulisse, the connecting rod M and the table B slowly pulls forwards, while after the stroke change the coulisse stone η slides in the lower part of the coulisse and thereby turns it to the right, thus pushing table B quickly backwards.

Claims (1)

Patent Claims: ■ i. A machine for the production of wedge-shaped shingles from wood blocks of semicircular cross-section, consisting of a carriage moving back and forth on horizontal guides, on one side edge of which the wood block to be processed is clamped with a horizontal axis so that it is raised and lowered and rotated about its axis The block of wood comes into contact with the following tools, which are initially attached to the edge of the slideway closer to the block of wood: a planing knife head rotating on an almost vertical spindle, which planes a wedge surface of the shingle and limits its width by a milled groove , a milling head on a horizontal spindle, which makes the groove in the wedge base, and a circular saw, which cuts off the shingle.
In the case of the i. The machine defines the device for lifting and lowering the block of wood, consisting of the bolts GG ₁ , the prismatic heads of which are movable in the guides b O _{1 of} the stand HH of the carriage B and onto which the clamping jaws gg _x for the block F are attached, as well as from the vertical screw spindles h / Zj passing through the prismatic bolt heads, which are axially immovable and can be set in rotation by a transverse shaft h ₂ together with conical wheel pairs. In the case of the i. and 2. The machine defines the device for automatically turning the clamped wood block F, consisting of the worm gear G ₂ attached to the clamping jaws g _{x , in which the worm gear I, which is entrained by the jaws g 3} g _s when lifting and lowering the block, engages, the spindle I of which is engaged ₁ is rotated during the stroke change in such a way that shortly before the stroke change, the rack L held in a certain position by the helical spring / hits screw L ₁ and thereby rotates a gear k loosely attached to spindle I ₁ , which then turns by means of a sliding pawl and a sliding wheel or by means of a friction clutch and spindle I ₁ . For this purpose ι sheet of drawings.