DE31864C - Process for cleaning up waste water - Google Patents
Process for cleaning up waste waterInfo
- Publication number
- DE31864C DE31864C DENDAT31864D DE31864DA DE31864C DE 31864 C DE31864 C DE 31864C DE NDAT31864 D DENDAT31864 D DE NDAT31864D DE 31864D A DE31864D A DE 31864DA DE 31864 C DE31864 C DE 31864C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- lime
- cleaning
- waste water
- silicic acid
- acid hydrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NGHMEZWZOZEZOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.O[Si](O)(O)O NGHMEZWZOZEZOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical class [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical class N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036826 Excretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 acids Silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YVKMMZAFUFUAAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Al] YVKMMZAFUFUAAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J aluminum;tetrahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium monoxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
KLASSE 85: Wasserleitung.CLASS 85: aqueduct.
Zur Reinigung der städtischen Kanalwässer und gewerblichen Effluvien sind bereits viele chemischen Zusätze empfohlen worden.There are already many to clean urban canal waters and commercial effluvia chemical additives have been recommended.
Am häufigsten wird zur Reinigung Aetzkalk allein oder in Verbindung mit anderen Chemikalien angewendet; doch hat derselbe die störende Eigenschaft, sich nicht unbedeutend in dem Wasser zu lösen und dasselbe dadurch für viele technischen Zwecke weniger geeignet oder gar ganz ungeeignet zu machen.Caustic lime alone or in conjunction with other chemicals is most commonly used for cleaning applied; but it has the disturbing property of not being insignificant to dissolve in the water, making it less suitable for many technical purposes or to make it completely unsuitable.
Die Abwässer kann man im allgemeinen als an Chloriden und Sulfaten der Alkalien und Erdalkalien mäfsig reiche Lösungen von überwiegendem Gehalt an stickstofffreien und stickstoffhaltigen organischen Stoffen betrachten, welche letzteren, in fortwährender Umsetzung begriffen, zur Bildung von Ammoniaksalzen oder flüchtigen Stickstoff basen Veranlassung bieten.The wastewater can generally be classified as containing chlorides and sulphates of alkalis and Alkaline earths moderately rich solutions, predominantly nitrogen-free and nitrogenous consider organic substances, which the latter, in continuous conversion, lead to the formation of ammonia salts or volatile nitrogen bases.
Die Aufgabe, ein solches Abwasser von den störenden Verunreinigungen zu befreien, um einestheils ein geklärtes, sanitär unbedenkliches Abwasser zu erlangen, anderentheils die verwerthbaren Bestandtheile des Abwassers in fester Form niederzuschlagen, kann zweckentsprechend nur dadurch gelöst werden, dafs man einestheils möglichst schnell mechanische Verunreinigungen sedimentirt, anderentheils durch geeignete Zusätze gelöste, veränderliche oder unveränderliche Stoffe möglichst schnell in feste Niederschläge überführt.The task of freeing such wastewater from the disruptive impurities in order to On the one hand to obtain a clarified, sanitary safe wastewater, on the other hand to obtain usable wastewater Precipitating parts of the wastewater in solid form can be appropriate can only be solved by, on the one hand, sedimenting mechanical impurities as quickly as possible, on the other hand Substances that are dissolved, changeable or unchangeable by suitable additives as quickly as possible converted into solid precipitation.
Der schwierigste Theil dieses Verfahrens ist stets die Auswahl der zur Fällung der gelösten organischen Stoffe zweckentsprechenden Materien.The most difficult part of this process is always the selection of the solute to precipitate organic substances appropriate materials.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe verwende ich Kieselsäurehydrat, welche durch Säuren aus Silicaten abgeschieden worden ist, indem ich dieselbe, in Wasser fein vertheilt, in der vorher durch Versuche festgestellten Menge dem zu entkalkenden Wasser zusetze. Durch Bildung von unlöslichem Calciumsilicat, als eines dichten und compacten Niederschlages, erziele ich die vollständige Ausscheidung des Kalkes.To solve this problem I use silica hydrate, which is made up by acids Silicates have been deposited by dividing them finely in water, as before add the amount determined by experiments to the water to be decalcified. Through education of insoluble calcium silicate, as a dense and compact precipitate, I obtain the complete elimination of the lime.
Diese physikalische Eigenschaft des so gebildeten Calciumsilicats, sein grofses specifisches Gewicht im Vergleich zu den durch chemische Zusätze in den verschiedensten Wässern erzeugten organischen Ausscheidungen benutze ich weiter, um diejenigen specifisch sehr leichten Niederschläge, welche unter Umständen sich gar nicht zu Boden setzen, sondern auf dem Wasser schwimmen, schnell zu Boden zu bringen.This physical property of the calcium silicate thus formed, its greatest specific one Weight in comparison to the organic excretions produced by chemical additives in a wide variety of waters I continue to use those specifically very light rainfalls, which under certain circumstances Don't even sit down on the ground, but swim on the water, bring yourself to the ground quickly.
Es ist nur nöthig, falls die Ab- oder Kanalwässer noch nicht freien Kalk enthalten, denselben in ganz geringer Menge (in den meisten Fällen wird für 1 000 1 Wasser x/2 kg Kalk reichlich genügen) zuzusetzen und diesen Kalk wieder, wie beschrieben, durch Kieselsäurehydrat abzuscheiden.It is only necessary, if the sewage or sewer water does not yet contain free lime, to add it in a very small amount (in most cases x / 2 kg of lime is sufficient for 1000 1 water) and this lime again, as described, to be deposited by silicic acid hydrate.
Kieselsäurehydrat bewirkt mit Kalk unter gleichzeitiger Anwendung von löslichen Aluminiumsalzen die fast völlige Abscheidung organischer, namentlich der stickstoffhaltigen, leicht faulenden und gährenden Körper. Es bildet sich dabei offenbar ein Calciumsiliciumaluminat oder eine Doppelverbindung von Calciumsilicat mit Aluminiumsilicat, welche durch ihre Gesammtwirkung auf die stickstoffhaltigen Stoffe eine völlige Ausscheidung der-Silicic acid hydrate effects with lime with simultaneous application of soluble aluminum salts the almost complete separation of organic, especially nitrogenous, easily putrefactive and fermenting bodies. It A calcium silicon aluminate or a double compound of Calcium silicate with aluminum silicate, which by their total effect on the nitrogenous Substances a complete excretion of the
selben, und zwar in Form eines sich sehr schnell absetzenden Niederschlages bedingt.the same, in the form of a precipitate that settles very quickly.
Es werden also für den Zweck der Reinigung der Effluvien Kieselsäurehydrat, Thonerdehydrat und Kalk in Verbindung mit einander verwendet.So there are silicic acid hydrate, alumina hydrate for the purpose of cleaning the effluvia and lime used in conjunction with each other.
Der Vorgang bei meinem Verfahren besteht darin, dafs den Abwässern Kieselsäurehydrat, ein gelöstes Thonerdesalz und bis zur schwach alkalischen Reaction Kalk zugesetzt wird. Es entsteht einestheils Ammoniakthonerdesilicat, welcher Niederschlag in Analogie mit dem Thonerdehydrat zugleich die Eigenthümlichkeit besitzt, organische Stoffe, Farbstoffe etc., ähnlich wie bei der Bildung von Farblacken, auf sich niederzuschlagen, anderentheils entsteht Calciumsilicat, welches den Ammoniakthonerdesilicatniederschlag beschwert und eine schnellere Klärung und Fällung der Flüssigkeit hervorruft. The process involved in my process consists in adding silicic acid hydrate to the effluents. a dissolved alumina salt and lime is added until the reaction is weakly alkaline. It In part, ammonia honey desilicate is produced, which precipitate is analogous to the Alumina hydrate also has the peculiarity of being organic substances, dyes, etc., similar as in the formation of colored lacquers, to be deposited on oneself, on the other hand, arises Calcium silicate, which weighs down the ammonia honey silicate precipitate and a faster one Causes clarification and precipitation of the liquid.
Thonerdesalze allein können nicht zur Bildung von Thonerdeammoniaksilicaten führen; natürliche Kieselsäure (Sand) ist auch nicht im Stande, ein Thonerdesilicat in wässeriger Losung entstehen zu lassen, sondern es ist hier lediglich Kieselsäurehydrat verwendbar.Alumina salts alone cannot lead to the formation of alumina ammonia silicates; Natural silicic acid (sand) is also unable to form a clayey silicate in aqueous solution to be formed, but only silicic acid hydrate can be used here.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE31864C true DE31864C (en) |
Family
ID=307919
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DENDAT31864D Active DE31864C (en) | Process for cleaning up waste water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE31864C (en) |
-
0
- DE DENDAT31864D patent/DE31864C/en active Active
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