DE3121423A1 - Support arrangement for mining work, in particular longwall mining - Google Patents

Abstract

Support arrangement for mining work, in particular longwall mining, with a floor member (10) and a roof shield (12) which are connected to one another via two four-bar frames (24, 26) which are connected to one another in an articulated manner and can be adjusted separately and/or together by means of adjustable clamping devices (18). <IMAGE>

Description

Extension facility for mining work / in particular

for longwall mining

The invention relates to an expansion device for mining work, especially for longwall mining. The expansion device according to the invention belongs to that group of Devices, several of which are used alongside one another along the strut, and which in general are connected to the conveyor or to the guideway of the mining machine to form a unit.

Devices with a similar purpose as the subject of the invention have as structural parts one against each other the lying sill supporting the lying, a hanging shield that can be pushed against the hanging wall, one between the Reclining threshold and the hanging shield built-in construction consisting of tensioning devices and handlebars, as well as a rear device. The clamping devices are generally in the form of hydraulic rams executed; however, there are also mechanical clamping devices. The reverse devices are hydraulic operated and usually installed between the conveyor and the sleeper.

In a typical embodiment of the known expansion facilities there is a curved or broken line-shaped link arm on the offset sign of the sleeper articulated, and the hanging shield is - usually also articulated - with the upper part of this Link arm coupled. Between the upper end of the link arm and the sleeper there is at least one tensioning

Device built in. The disadvantages that occur with expansion facilities constructed in this way arise from the fact that the dc; r change in the excavation height following movement of the upper end of the link arm a An arc follows along which the hanging shield approaches the face or moves away from it. So 2.B. the hanging shield coupled to the handlebar - due to its horizontal offset - removed from the strut when lifting the link arm, and when lowering it struck against the forehead. When the hanging shield moves away from the face, it results an unsupported zone between the leading edge of the hanging shield and the face face. Along this unsupported zone can break off the hillside rock and cause an accident.

In the case of another type of the known expansion devices, the faults of the devices are the same as those outlined above Construction partially eliminated, as such a construction was installed between the sleeper sill and the hanging sign is that the front edge of the hanging shield is only slightly offset horizontally during lifting or lowering will. By using the multi-articulated construction mentioned, when changing the installation height of the hanging shield does not change the position of the front edge of the hanging shield too much. The facilities with this construction are very expensive and have the disadvantage that when the strut erupts as a result of the load on the hillside rock, at this erupted point again an unsupported one Zone occurs between the front edge of the hanging shield and the wall that remained intact after the excavation, because under this zone the hanging shield

direction cannot reach into it. This unsupported zone also harbors a risk of accidents can lead to the breaking off of the hillside rock.

Serve to eliminate this last-described deficiency such solutions in which a pledging cap actuated by a hydraulic working cylinder is attached to the strut face The end of the hanging shield is connected. This Vorpfändkappe can be opposite the hanging sign in the broken out Cavity of the strut forehead to be advanced.

Another common disadvantage of the construction of the known construction is that a great deal of pressure is exerted on the rock at the front edge of the sleeper. This can result in the device sinking in or tipping over forwards, in particular in the case of rock of low strength. The aforementioned disadvantageous circumstance can occur because in the known devices the front end of the hanging shield must protrude considerably beyond the front edge of the sleeper so that the moment that the device wants to tilt forward is considerably increased. This moment then results in the pressure on the lying person at the front edge of the lying threshold, which leads to the difficulties mentioned. It must be taken into account that, due to the structural features of the known devices, the front end of the hanging shield must protrude over the front edge of the lying sill at least the step width of the mining machine or the step length of the extension device, so that the back of the individual extension devices immediately after the extraction machine has moved forward is made possible to support the freed hillside rock without moving the conveyor.

The hydraulic rams are the known expansion devices to be regarded as critical elements from both a technical and an economic point of view, Several hydraulic rams are used in the individual expansion devices. Damage to the stamp or an error occurring in them for any reason is also expressed because of the inevitably interrupted Production as a significant loss. In order to avoid these disadvantages, the aim is always to have safe facilities to create, which, however, require special materials and make higher demands on the manufacturing technology and ultimately increase the manufacturing effort.

The structural design of the device according to the invention enables the stated disadvantages and deficiencies of the known devices to be remedied.

The invention provides an expansion device in which the movement of the hanging shield both in vertical as well as horizontal direction is easily possible within wide limits.

The invention also enables the hanging shield to be pushed forward without moving the sleeper can. With this solution, the support of the hillside rock can also be used without a pre-pledging cap, even in the event of an eruption of the strut forehead.

Furthermore, the invention achieves the major part of the load largely with the help of mechanical To transfer construction elements, so that the smallest possible proportion of the load caused by hydraulic rams is recorded.

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In addition, the invention makes it possible to use the expansion device to be able to use as far as possible all extraction technologies.

According to the invention, the expansion device comprises link arms put together, built between the threshold and the hanging sign, preferably a parallelogram forming four-bar frame on which clamping devices are assigned, of which preferably only one clamping device is designed as a hydraulic ram.

In the general constructive embodiment of the device according to the invention, the sleeper is on and two such link arms each connected to the hanging shield, the other ends of which are in turn connected by joints are connected to a connection unit. This results in two four-bar frames or two four-bar linkage gears with a common coupling formed by the connection unit. There is one on each four-bar frame Length-adjustable clamping device connected. The jigs are preferably diagonal in the frame arranged; however, they can also be switched on in other ways. It can also be such a constructive one Solution come into question in which a clamping device in a diagonal arrangement for each frame is present and furthermore between the lying sill and the hanging sign, or between any Frame hinge point and the lying threshold or the hanging shield a further; Clamping device switched on is.

In the expansion device according to the invention, the individual each in the form of adjustable-length punches or lifting rods, mechanical or clamping devices hydraulic type or actuation, and be known per se embodiment.

In the context of the invention, the term "link arm" is to be interpreted between wide limits. As a handlebar arm are both individual rod-like elements as well as consisting of several rods, but form a unit summarized constructions, or also having a considerable width, possibly extending over the whole Consider the width of the device extending sheet metal or box-like constructions.

To connect the four-bar frame formed from link arms Serving connection unit can also be designed in many ways. In the simplest case this connection unit can be designed as a rod. The rod can be replaced by such a connecting unit in which there is a mechanical or hydraulic clamping device suitable for changing the length is located. In addition, the connection unit can be a three-cornered frame, possibly a polygonal frame. In the latter The case therefore contains several pre-binding groups; Poles. The rod or rods belonging to the connection unit can be designed in this way in a broad sense be as stated for the handlebars.

There can also be a solution in which the hanging shield is attached to the upper four-bar frame of the Device is connected by a joint. In this case the form-locking element is the upper one

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Four-bar frame formed by a hanging rod. The same applies to the hanging rod or to its forms of construction the design options specified for the handlebars as well.

The essence of the device according to the invention therefore consists especially in the fact that at least two link arms each on both the lying threshold and the hanging sign are directly or indirectly connected by joints, with those facing away from the lying threshold or the hanging sign Ends of these link arms are connected to one another via a connecting unit and the so formed preferably parallelogram-shaped four-bar frame each at least one clamping device is assigned.

In one embodiment of the proposed expansion device, the clamping device is at least one Frame installed between the opposing joints.

In another advantageous embodiment, the tensioning device is between the sleeper and the Hangend shield, preferably between the ones on the sleeper and on the hangend shield Joints built in.

The device according to the invention preferably faces the link arms at least on the fracture side subsequent cover plates or gap covers, with cover plates optionally in the same device and gap covers can also be used at the same time.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. In the drawing shows:

1 shows a schematic side view of an embodiment of the expansion device according to the invention,

2 shows a schematic side view of such an embodiment of the expansion device according to the invention, in which the hanging sign has only one joint with the one used in the facility the upper four-bar frame is coupled,

Fig. 3 is a side view of such an embodiment the device according to the invention, in which the conveyor without conveyor support frame and without lying sleeper front part rests directly on the lying person,

Fig. 4 is a side view of such an embodiment the expansion device according to the invention, in which the connecting unit is a clamping device, in particular is a hydraulic working cylinder, and

Fig. 5 is a side view of such an embodiment the expansion device according to the invention, in which adapting to the link arms on the fracture side Gap covers are used.

In the device shown in FIG. 1, a lying sleeper front part 42 is connected to the lying sleeper 10. The lying sleeper front part 42 carries a

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nen per se known conveyor 28. The connection between the conveyor 28 and the sleeper 10 consists of a return device 30.

The rear device 30 is with an eyelet 32 to one of the Conveyor support frame 44 carrying conveyor 28 and connected to bed sleeper 10 via a bolt 34. The extraction machine 46 can be guided over the conveyor 28.

A hanging shield 12 is pried against the hangond rock. To the hanging shield 12 20 control arms 14 are connected via a joint. Also over two lengthways the sleeper spaced apart joints 20 are also on the sleeper 10 two link arms 14 connected. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the inside ends of the link arms 14 connected to one another with the aid of joints 22 and a connecting unit 16. This creates an upper four-bar frame 24 and a lower four-bar frame 26, each of which is formed as a four-bar parallelogram can be viewed.

In this exemplary embodiment, the connection unit 16, like the link arms 14, can be designed as a rigid link arm be. The link arms 14 and the connecting unit 16, which can be regarded as a link arm, can be constructed in many ways Design be executed. The important thing is that they can each be viewed as a single rigid unit or act as a single rigid unit. For example, a single sheet of metal can serve as a link arm, which is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing across the width of the facility

extends. Instead of a sheet metal, a rigid lattice construction or e.g. an element with a box construction can be used be used. ■

Both in the upper four-bar frame 24 and in the lower one Four-bar frame 26 is built in with a diagonal tensioning device. In the one shown in Fig. 1 as an example Embodiment, these clamping devices 18 are designed as hydraulic cylinders. One of the two clamping devices, preferably the clamping device used in the lower frame 26 can also be used as a mechanically operated Be designed telescope.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 as an example, gap covers or cover plates are on the Break side 40 of the device not shown. The facility is shown in such a position (thick lines Lines), in which the hanging shield 12 to support the hanging rock 36 is below that of the Rock vacated zone was led. It can be seen that the leading edge 48 of the hanging sign can be advanced as far as the strut 38 (thin solid lines) without the lying threshold 10 also must be advanced. If, however, as a result of an eruption of the strut 38 an over the desired extraction protruding zone 36 is exposed, there is no obstacle - in support of the mentioned zone the To push the front edge 48 of the hanging shield 12 even further forward. All of these options can be by moving the elements of the four-bar frame 24 and 26 and by releasing or tensioning the clamping devices accordingly 18 are secured.

In the embodiment shown in FIG The upper form-closing element of the four-bar frame 24 is formed by a hanging rod 12 ', and the hanging shield 12 is connected to frame 24 via a single hinge 20. This solution has advantages in such cases, if greater mobility is to be achieved for the hanging shield 12.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 differs from the previously explained devices from the fact that the conveyor 28 rests directly on the lying, i.e. no Lying sleeper front part 42 or conveyor support frame or any similar element is used. In In this case, the devices used to guide the extraction machine 46 can be attached directly to the conveyor Be elements.

From Fig. 4 is an embodiment of the invention Apparatus can be seen in which a clamping device installed between the joints 22 as a connecting unit 50 serves. In this exemplary embodiment, the tensioner 50 is hydraulic Cylinder, although a purely mechanical tensioning device can also be used.

In the embodiment shown as an example in FIG. 5, the breaking material is prevented from penetrating Gap covers 52 and 54 are provided in the device. These gap covers are elastic to each other the link arms 14 matching sheet metal structures, of which the gaps between the opposing Handlebars 14 of the neighboring facilities as well as the existing openings at the fracture end of the device are covered.

In the device according to the invention, such Solution be realized in which directly between the sleeper 10 and the hanging shield 12 a clamping device, e.g. a hydraulic ram is installed. Such a solution can also be advantageous in which between the left in Fig. 1, the extraction machine

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facing joints 20 of the hanging shield 12 and the Lying threshold TO a clamping device 18, advantageously a hydraulic ram, is installed.

For example, an embodiment can also come into question in which between that of the connection unit 16 seen on the right-hand joint 22 and the rearwardly extended part of the sleeper 10 a clamping device 18 is installed.

Various pressure-limiting measures can be taken for the clamping devices 18. It can happen, for example, that the clamping device 18 used in the lower frame 26 as an adjustable actuating element is not comes into consideration, but only the clamping device built into the upper frame 24 serves as such. It can Such a Ausführungsforra can also be advantageous which converts a normally locked tensioning device 18 into an actuating device during operation or can be changed over, or the setting task can be swapped between the clamping devices 18 can.

For the device according to the invention there are in the type the connection between the link arms 14 and the sleeper 10 or the hanging shield 12, as well as the type of execution of the connection unit 16 and the

separately and / or jointly adjustable clamping devices 18 a large number of possible variations, the offer many different solutions for the designer in order to produce and safeguard the given job site conditions the cheapest facility to train.

It can be seen from the embodiments shown as an example that the expansion device according to the invention both in the vertical and in the horizontal direction an extremely large mobility of the Hangend shield allows. It can also be seen that a significant part of the work done on the facility acting load are taken over by the handlebars and elements of similar construction and thus the complex hydraulic or mechanical clamping devices, which are a critical part of the construction participate in the removal of the burden only to a lesser extent. Ultimately, it can too mean that to take on the same original burden in a facility less or otherwise Hydraulic rams or mechanical clamping devices that can only be used for a subordinate role are used can be.

Another advantage of the expansion device according to the invention it is that by appropriate adjustment of the four-bar frame, the hanging shield is independent of the threshold can be advanced, even beyond the face without changing the altitude. In addition, it is advantageous that with such an advancement of the hanging shield the front part of the Hangendschildes can absorb a greater load than the pre-pledging cap customary in the known facilities.

The expansion device according to the invention can when used every mining technology can be used, it is now a matter of planing or cutting roller extraction. The of the invention The advantages offered to the establishment can be exploited particularly in the case of a slicer with a narrow handle where the hanging wall becomes free in narrow zones due to the type of extraction, and the conveyor - as a planer guideway - Requires constant support against the lying person.

On the basis of the exemplary embodiments, there is also that advantageous property of the device according to the invention it can be seen that a relatively large driveway is available for the personnel operating the facility.

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Claims (10)

312H23 PATENT LAWYERS! "" ^: .. ^: .,. ^: * · .. '.:. VIERING & JENTSCHURA Authorized representative at the European Patent Office Dipl.-lng. Hans-Martin Viering · Dipl.-Ing. Rolf Jentschura · Steinsdorfstrasse 6 · D-8000 Munich 22 Attorney File 3820 May 25, 1981 Központi Bänyäszati Fejlesztesi Intezet, Budapest / Hungary Expansion equipment for mining work, in particular for longwall mining Claims Expansion facility for mining work, especially for longwall mining, preferably in multiple arrangements in a larger number next to each other, forming a row and used and which one Lying threshold, a hanging sign that can be braced against the hanging wall, one between the lying threshold and the hanging shield built-in construction containing tensioning devices and handlebars as well as a rear device has, characterized in that both the lying threshold (10) and the hanging shield (12) at least two link arms (14) each directly I / w -2- StelnsdorfstraBo β Tolex: 5 212 306 jepa d Poslschuck Munich 3067 26-801 D-SOOO Munich 22 Telegram: Slelnpat Münchon Bnyorischo Vorolnsbank Munich S67 695 Telelon: (0 89) 29 34 13 Telecopier: (0 89) 22? 06S Raillciscnbnnk Munich 032 18 18 (0 89) 29 3414 (Siemens CCITT Norm Group 2) Deutsche Bank Munich 2 711 687 J IZ: '-: - 2 - or are connected indirectly by joints (20), those of the lying threshold (10) or the hanging shield (12) facing away ends of the link arms (14) with a common connecting unit (16) are also connected by joints (22) and the so designed, preferably parallelogram-shaped Four-bar frame (24, 26) is assigned at least one clamping device (18) in each case. 2. Removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping device of at least one Four-bar frame (24, 26) between the diagonally opposite joints (20, 22) of the same is built in. 3. Removal device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has at least one between the Lying threshold (10) and the hanging shield (12), preferably between the one on the lying threshold (10) and hinges (20) formed on the hanging shield (12) have built-in tensioning devices (18). 4. Expansion device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the clamping devices (18) can be operated hydraulically. 5. Extension device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the clamping devices (18) are at least partially designed to be mechanically actuatable are. 6. Removal device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the connecting unit (16) consists of a single rod. 7. expansion device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the connecting unit (16) is a frame construction consisting of a plurality of link arms is. 8. Removal device according to one of claims 1 to 5 or 7, characterized in that in the connecting unit at least one hydraulic or mechanical tensioning device (50) is installed. 9. Removal device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the hanging shield (12) is coupled by only one joint with the four-joint frame (24) belonging to the hanging shield and that this frame (24) has a form-locking hanging rod (12 '). 10. Expansion device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the link arms (14) located on the fracture side (40) adjoin this with the adjustment of which matching cover plates and / or gap covers (52, 54) are arranged.