DE3114582A1 - Flail mulcher, in particular for forestry purposes, and process for acquiring and collecting mulch - Google Patents

Description

mg. grad. NORBERT W. SEEMANN

Patent and civil engineering

Authorized representative before the European Patent Office

■? ·

31K582

Patent office

Brehmstraße 37 D-7320 Göppingen Tel. 07161-71166 Telegrams: "Seepatent"

April 7, 1981 PG 8110 UJ Se / bs

Applicant:

Josef Willibald
Frickinger Strasse 97

7771 Frickingen 2 (Altheim)

Flail mulcher, especially for forestry Purposes and methods of extracting and collecting mulch material

The invention relates to a forest mulching device according to the preamble of the main claim as well as a V / experience to win and collecting mulch.

Such forest mulchers are known for example from dsr DE-PS 2if 32 739 or DE-GS 30 39 552 and have been used for a long time in the usual idea for picking up and chopping branches and Shrubbery, in clear-cuts, when thinning out young forest stands and the like., The material comminuted by the flail tools has not yet been collected, but exclusively for the purpose of humus formation placed on the Ulaldboden was, with Dder without incorporation into the already existing humus layer.

A general, structural disadvantage of the previously known, suitable, machine device is not known per se and could only be seen in deficiencies in the pick-up device and the problem of preventing loose shrubbery from wrapping around the device instead of getting into the feed area of the flail tools; that of the device in front of you Scraped material also requires an increased amount of energy on the tractor.

Another, sometimes quite considerable, disadvantage lies in the process engineering area, to the extent that there is often too much Fresh mulch material is obtained when clearing clear cutting and the like, which when applied to the Ldaldboden instead of an enrichment of humus can also have a negative impact on the existing soil life if this mulch layer is too thick.

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This is where the present invention comes in, with the task of on the one hand, pick-up, feed and separation of the material to be mulched to improve in devices of the type mentioned and on the other hand, from the point of view of the constantly increasing E η e r g i e and Rahstaff shortage, that so far Forestry mulch material that is viewed exclusively as waste, which has a high proportion of wood, which contains energy and to make liJärmegeujinnung accessible.

The first sub-task - exclusively mechanical - is solved essentially in that the working shaft, seen in the direction of travel, has a tine-fitted, rotatingly driven pick-up drum is connected upstream and freely rotatable cutting blades are attached to the lateral limits of the working shaft, whose working radius is larger than that of the flail tools of the working shaft and on the front of the device over approximately the entire catchment area by approximately the length of the Hlingen Dimension runs in front of the lateral housing limits; Trouble-free material pick-up and smooth separation of matted material are achieved in this way.

The second part of the task, which is of an energy policy nature, should thereby be solved that the secondary shredder is a reciprocating compressor, Rotary compressor a.ä. trained briquetting device is subordinate. In this way it is the first time possible to cut woody or similar vegetable mulch

aims and sotuie to collect in a reduced volume, i.e. compressed after drying for the purpose of profitable extraction van energy and noise, heating, coking vein-like systems to feed.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings and explained in more detail on the basis of these representations.

Show it:

1 shows a forest mulching device according to the invention in section,

2 shows the drive scheme in side view and FIG

3 shows a schematic plan view of FIGS. 1 and 2.

The illustrated flail mulching device, which is used to produce wood chips and their briquetting, consists of a work socket 2 mounted in a hood-like housing 1 in a rotatingly driven manner transversely to the working direction F, with flail-like working tools arranged on it over the entire working width, offset on the circumference and partially overlapping in the direction of rotation 3, souiis a collecting chute k with Ouerförderer 5 and laterally located in the interior of the housing 1b of the work source 2 in the direction of travel F

The secondary shredder, which is designed as a rotary fan 6 and is located towards the housing 1, consists of a housing 7, a rotating disk 7b and secondary shredding mallets 7a hinged to it on the outer circumference. This post-shredder and the gas bladder integrated into it are fed via the cross conveyor 5, which in turn or the collecting chute collects the mulch material that comes from the working shaft 2, which, viewed in the direction of travel F, is a rotatingly driven pick-up drum 9 with tines 8 is connected upstream and freely rotatable cutting blades 10 are attached to the lateral boundaries 2a of the working shaft 2, the working radius 10 'of which is greater than that 3 ^{1 of} the flail tools 3 of the working shaft 2 and on the device front side 1c over almost the entire intake area b by approximately the Blade length 10 corresponding to dimension a runs in front of the lateral housing boundaries 1a.

These side blades 10 cause branches and shrubbery can no longer accumulate in front of the feed opening b, but is neatly separated on the feed width of the housing front side 1c.

In addition, to protect against accidents while the working shaft 2 is running it is provided that the lateral cutting blades 10 cover a working radius R "that overlaps them and only under pressure from the front side 1c is assigned to a spring-loaded protective hood 13 which can be swiveled back, this protective hood 13 being composed of a forwardly open, the cutting blades 10 on both sides covering a pair of discs

exists, the pendulum in the area of the front housing nose 1d is attached and similarly the protective hood of a hand-held circular saw shrinks under the pressure of the material to be cut.

The take-up drum 9, which can also be designed as üJelle, is designed in detail such that the take-up prongs 8 are designed to be resilient in or against the direction of rotation R .. of the drum 9, that is, have a spring accumulator 9a and are offset helically in the circumferential direction and with lateral distance c are arranged from each other, wherein the prongs 8 are also assigned in pairs lateral scrapers 11 and the entire pick-up drum 8, 9 with the scrapers 11 and the lateral bearing or guide slats 12 from the front feed area b into a lying above the device housing 1 End position 9 ^{1 can be} swiveled out and can be fixed in the swiveled-out state.

In a further embodiment of this invention, both the IMachzerkleinersr 7, 7a, 7b a discharge spout known per se from choppers 1h connected to a downstream collector 17 leads to the picking up of the wood chips or it is provided that the IMachzerkleinerer 7, 7a, 7b as a reciprocating compressor, Rotary compressor o.a. trained briquetting device 15 is arranged downstream. This briquetting can be conical, adjustable Compression channel 15 'and in a guide channel 1S

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flow, which for example also to a subordinate, Not shown collecting trolley leads and the finished briquetted Picks up wood chips. The pressed briquette shape is inexpensive in terms of volume and the briquettes themselves are easy to dry and combustion bzuj. To supply coking plants; with the The device according to the invention can either use biomass for composting or dry material can be produced to generate energy.

According to FIGS. 2 and 3, the entire drive system could be designed in this way be that of a main drive 1Θ with PTO connection 13 'both directly the output shaft 2 via a belt drive 19 or the like. together with the post-shredder 7b or also on the same shaft 2b seated fan S are driven than

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also via a coupling and another angular gear the Ouer conveyor worm 5 by means of drive belt 2D and the take-up drum 9 with the drive belts 21, 22 and 23. The catchment area b on the front side of the housing should also have a nose-like grid ZU , so that the pulling in of large chunks that to damage to the work shaft and the machine is avoided. Furthermore, a sawtooth-like configuration 10 'of the lateral cutting blades 10 can also be advantageous, as can the assignment of runners or support wheels to the overall device which is only connected to a tractor via the three-point headstock 26. A slider crank drive with a slow pressing stroke and an accelerated return phase could also serve as the drive for the briquetting. Finally, item 27 also indicates a front folding handle for taller shrubbery or small trees.

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Claims (1)

Claims 1. Schlegelmulchgerät, especially for forestry purposes, consisting of a transversely to the working direction in a hood-like housing mounted to rotate
Working shaft with flail-like working tools arranged on it over the entire working width, offset on the circumference and partially overlapping in the direction of rotation, as well as a collecting chute with cross conveyor and laterally to the housing, designed as a rotary fan, downstream of the housing inside the working shaft in the direction of travel, characterized, that the working shaft (2), seen in the direction of travel (F), is preceded by a rotatingly driven pick-up drum (9) with prongs (8) and freely rotatable cutting blades (10) attached to the lateral boundaries (2a) of the working shaft (2) whose working radius (10 ') is greater than that (3 ¹ ) of the flail tools (3) of the working shaft (2) and on the front of the device (1c) over almost the entire catchment area Cb) 31H582 by an amount approximately equal to the length of the blade (10) C a) runs in front of the lateral housing boundaries (1a). 2. Schlegelmulchgerät according to claim 1, 5 characterized, that the pick-up prongs (8) in bzu. against the direction of rotation (R ₁ ) of the drum (9) are resilient and offset helically in the circumferential direction and are arranged at a lateral distance (c) from one another. 3. Schlegelmulchgerät according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the tines C 8) are assigned scrapers (10) and the entire take-up drum (8) with the scrapers C 11) and the lateral bearing or guide plates (12) from the front feed area (b) into one above the Device housing (1) lying end position (9 ') can be swiveled out so that it can be fixed in the swiveled-out state. U. Schlegelmulchgerät according to claims 1 to 3, 25 characterized, 31U582 that the lateral cutting blades (1D) one of their working radius (Rr,) overlapping and only under pressure from the front (1c) pivotable, spring-loaded protective cover (13) is assigned. 5. Schlegelmulchgerät according to claim k, characterized, that the protective hood (13) from a forward open the There is a pair of discs covering both sides of the cutting blades (1G), the nodding at the front housing nose (1d) is attached. 6. Schlegelmulchgerät according to one or more of the preceding Expectations, characterized, that the secondary shredder located on the side of the device housing (1a) (7) on its circumference with also freely rotatable mallets (7a), blades or the like. is busy. 7. Schlegelmulchgerät according to claim G, 31U582 characterized, that at the IMachzsrkleinerer (7, 7a, 7b) one of choppers known discharge spout (I **) is connected. 5 8. Schlegelmulchgerät after one or more of the preceding Expectations, characterized, that the secondary shredder (7, 7a, 7b) has a reciprocating calving compressor, Ratatians compressor a.S. trained briquetting device (15) is subordinate. 9. Schlegelmulchgerät according to claim Θ, characterized, that to the briquetting device (15) a collector or Guide channel (16) for the briquetted mulch material connects. 10. Schlegelmulchgerät according to one or more of the preceding Expectations, 31U582 characterized, that all drive movements are derived from the main drive (18).
5 11. Process for extracting and collecting mulch by means of mechanical devices according to one or more of the preceding claims, marked by Picking up the stalks or branches lying loosely on the ground as well as separating standing or piling up in front of the Flail shaft (2) accumulating or around the device housing C 1, 1a) around the bushes or the like. by means of sideways the Schlegelujelle (2) rotating knife (10), collecting of the material shredded by the working mile (2) and feeding the same to a post-shredding C 7) and subsequent introduction of the post-shredded material into a continuously or intermittently working pressing or briquetting device C 15). 12. The method according to claim 11, -S- marked by Conveying means (1S) for transferring the pressed mulched material into a mulching device bzuj. its prime mover assigned Collector.