DE3104731A1 - Method and apparatus for continuously applying or introducing impregnating and/or overgraining liquid to workpieces - Google Patents

Abstract

Impregnating and/or overgraining liquid is applied or introduced in a single path to continuously transported wooden workpieces in an exactly meterable amount and depth of penetration by absorbing the impregnating and/or overgraining liquid into small-volume chambers which are formed tightly next to each other without a gap on the surface of an endless belt by a corresponding arrangement of elastically yielding ridges and by these ridges being gradually continuously deformed in the direction of material flow and thus the volumes of the chambers being reduced, as a result of which the impregnation liquid is pressed into the wooden workpieces under an appropriate pressure.

Description

Method and device for continuous on or. Bring in of impregnating and / or glazing liquid on workpieces Patent claims: Description: The invention relates to a method for the continuous application or introduction of Impregnating and / or glazing liquid on elongated, at least superficial and at least limited porous workpieces, in particular made of wood, in which the impregnation and / or glazing liquid applied to the workpieces in limited overdosing, the excess amount flowing off is collected in a circuit and after filtration is reused, and a device for carrying out the method.

Impregnation of wood is still not possible to this day carry out continuously on an industrial scale.

To ensure wood protection in accordance with the requirements and regulations To achieve this, the impregnating and / or glazing liquids must be in certain prescribed minimum quantities are applied and also introduced into the wood, so that there is a certain prescribed penetration depth. With large-scale Operation, it is essential that the applied and applied quantities of glazing or impregnation liquid are not exceeded or not noticeably exceeded because otherwise the profitability of the working method is called into question.

It is known to work pieces made of wood to improve the absorption capacity to provide surface perforations for the impregnating or glazing agent; at mast and Threshold impregnations are already used in certain Core drillings have been made at intervals to achieve the desired depth effect of the To achieve Iapregnation.

Up to now, boiler pressure and double vacuum processes have been used for impregnation in application, which initially require a batch operation, the modern production methods does not correspond, but which have the extremely big disadvantage that the dosage cannot be influenced.

This sometimes leads to over-absorption of impregnation liquid, when certain wooden workpieces are particularly receptive to others are. In addition to undesirable disruptive side effects, this also creates economic ones Losses due to a considerable increase in the consumption of impregnating liquid.

Workpieces whose surfaces are visible after their installation, in particular Dried and planed wood cannot be impregnated using the perforation method because the perforation stitches or openings disfigure the visible surfaces would. For these workpieces is independent of how the impregnation or glazing is carried out, a two to three times repetition of the impregnation process necessary. In large-scale technical systems, this results in considerable amounts Problems with the intermediate storage of the workpieces for drying between successive treatments.

The invention is based on the object of a method and a device to create, with which the impregnation and / or glazing of wood in one single continuous process can be carried out, with the impregnation liquid can be applied to or introduced into the wood in precisely metered quantities can.

In solving this problem, the invention is based on DE-PS 24 02 805 and DE-GM 80 10 753. By the teachings of the aforementioned German patent it becomes possible to use the treatment agent, i.e. the impregnating and / or glazing liquid to circulate without loss, to recycle and apply to the wood.

Due to the teachings of the German utility model, it is known to use wooden surfaces with the help of counter-rotating brush rollers, which the wooden workpieces in pairs touch from opposite sides, on all sides with a suitably applied To coat impregnating and / or glazing liquid. With the latter device however, the depth of penetration, in the case where an impregnating agent is used, absolutely inadequate for wood protection purposes.

The above-mentioned object is achieved according to the invention by that the impregnating and / or glazing liquid upon first contact with the workpiece surface into a multitude of small-volume, deformable, workpiece side Open chambers introduced and by controlled pressure from the chambers into the workpiece is pressed in.

In the method designed according to the invention, the workpiece surface is seamlessly from a multitude of small-volume, deformable, but workpiece-side open chambers covered, which on contact with the workpiece surface with impregnation and / or glazing liquid are flooded. Due to the material properties seal the chambers on the workpiece or

Wood surface, and the workpiece surface is now one very precisely metered amount of impregnating and / or glazing liquid. If a pressure is now exerted on these chambers, under the effect of which they deform or reduce in volume and at the same time their sealing pressure on the Enlarge the workpiece surface, then there is for the impregnating and / or glazing liquid only one way, namely that beyond the workpiece surface into the pore structure of the workpiece into it. The dosage of the amount of impregnation to be introduced and / or glazing liquid is additionally ensured by the fact that the Large number of small-volume chambers with small amounts of impregnation and / or to be introduced Glazing liquid only slightly, with large quantities strongly deformed or reduced in size will. The advantage of the method designed according to the invention consists inter alia.

also in the fact that by opening up the surface into many small-volume Chambers the impregnation and / or glazing liquid with extremely high pressures, if desired can be pressed into the workpiece, which otherwise z. B. in the boiler pressure process can only be realized with considerable technical effort and not even for an even distribution of the impregnating and / or glazing liquid over guarantee the workpiece surface.

In an advantageous development of the method according to the invention the pressure on the impregnating and / or glazing liquid after its first contact controlled with the workpiece surface. This becomes a technological Optimal impregnation process ensured, because the gradual increase in pressure promotes the desired penetration of the impregnation and / or glazing fluid into the interior of the wood.

According to the invention, that is used to solve the underlying problem trained device consists of conveying means for the workpieces, application devices for the impregnating and / or glazing liquid as well as conveying, collecting and filtering devices for a Kreis 1 performance and reprocessing of the impregnating and / or glazing liquid.

The device according to the invention is characterized in that the Application devices for the impregnation and / or glazing liquid from each other in pairs on opposite workpiece surfaces, there is endless belts driven at the same speed as the workpieces, their workpiece-side surfaces by upright, elastically flexible Bars are provided with a large number of small-volume, deformable chambers, with the respective strand on the workpiece side (belt part between drive and deflection roller) of each endless belt tightly juxtaposed pressure rollers to be controlled Deformation of the chambers are assigned, and that directly at the workpiece inlet end of the endless belts connected to the cycle of the impregnating and / or glazing liquid Flood chambers to fill the chambers of the endless belts with impregnation and / or Glazing liquid are provided.

In the device according to the invention, as already mentioned, of DE-GM 80 10 753 and DE-PS 24 02 805 have been assumed. The impregnation and / or As a result, glazing liquid can be circulated continuously and always can be reapplied to workpieces again without incurring losses. Instead of the counter-rotating provided in the device according to the utility model, Brushes arranged on opposite sides of the workpiece are according to the invention Endless belt pairs are provided, the workpiece-side surfaces of which are in a multitude of small-volume chambers is subdivided. The workpiece side Trums are supported by pressure rollers against evasion or are supported by them Pressure rollers are pressurized in such a way that the desired continuously increasing Deformation of the small-volume chambers takes place. This way, pollution of the floor, a device is created that can be used in any size arbitrary throughput speeds can be designed and above all can also be installed in other production systems. The EnIosband pairs can use the Cross-sections of the workpieces are adapted. They can also be converted so that polygonal asymmetrical or round cross-sections of workpieces are possible. The pairs of endless belts lying opposite one another are expediently exchangeable and arranged adjustable in position in the device, so that this all possible Can meet practical needs. It is also very easy to to replace the endless belts in terms of the dosage of the impregnation and / or Preset glazing liquid different volumes of the small-volume chambers.

The endless belts, which on the workpiece side are made of elastic compliant workpiece are equipped to form the small-volume chambers, Expediently have bar arrangements which are square, rhombic or diamond-shaped or square chamber cross-sections result, with the tips or corners of the corner cross-sections point in the direction of belt travel. It is there, however according to dependent claim 4 expedient, this in terms of their shape and location transversely to The direction of travel of the belt is to be arranged irregularly, so that it is at the end of the workpiece outlet of the endless belt, the pressure on the impregnating and / or glazing liquid is not in The shape of a line running transversely to the workpiece is abruptly canceled and there is a tear-off edge, but that the lifting of the pressure is irregular takes place across the width of the workpiece. In this way, possibly

visible tear-off edges avoided.

In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention limit the workpiece-side strands of each pair of opposite ones Endless belts have a slightly wedge-shaped shape that narrows in the workpiece direction Gap, which is adjustable in the wedge angle. With the help of this measure, the gradually increasing pressure achieved on the impregnation and / or glazing liquid. The adjustability of the wedge angle ensures exact dosing on the one hand, but it also allows the pressure to be adapted to the respective porosity of the workpieces and workpieces that are difficult to impregnate are subject to higher, factory-adapted pressures produce.

A particularly useful embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that the drive and deflection rollers as well as the pressure rollers the endless belts are each aufgenormen in common bearing cheeks and that these Bearing cheeks with regard to their length off-center near the workpiece exit ends the endless belts are pivotably mounted like a rocker arm. Because summarizing all rollers and in particular the pressure rollers of an endless belt in common Bearing cheeks leads to the fact that each endless belt unit as a whole in the mentioned Rocker arm bearings can be supported, with the asymmetrical arrangement of the rocker arm bearings in relation to the length of the cheeks ensures that the pressure effect is on the workpiece exit side is higher. It is conceivable that the rocker arm bearing in relation to the cheeks in the longitudinal direction to arrange the endless belts adjustable to the course of the pressure increase over to change the length of the endless belt away.

It is also advantageous that the rocker arm of the cheeks one each pair of opposing endless belts as cooperating abutments are designed to apply the pressure. Therefore the rocker arm bearings are suitable as suitable points of attack for applying the working pressure, with each other opposite, belonging to a pair of endless belts a rocker arm bearing as Abutment and the other can serve as a point of attack for a pressure generator.

But it is also conceivable to use endless belts lying opposite one another To summarize like a pincer and swim as a winheit to a limited extent to store, then the pressure generator on two opposite rocker arm bearings have to attack in order to generate the necessary work pressure. Such a training is particularly advantageous when the workpieces are not one hundred percent straight are formed, wel the endless belt pairs then within the scope of the possibilities the floating storage can temporarily adjust the change in the longitudinal route.

The pressure generators, which are decisive for the fact that the small-volume Chambers deformed and thus the working pressure for introducing the impregnation and / od he glazing liquid is generated, can expediently on versatile different Way in the way already mentioned on only one of the to a couple belonging endless belts or also acting like pliers on both at the same time be formed. Each species has its own particular advantages.

Advantageously, the pressure generator as hydraulic or be designed pneumatic pressure-regulated working members. This training has the advantage that the working pressure can be kept constant during work can, but can also be changed while working.

According to an advantageous development of the device according to the invention the pressure generators are designed as spring assemblies with adjustable biasing force.

Such springs are considerably more reliable than systems for generating them hydraulic or pneumatic pressures with their control systems. They are also substantial cheaper in terms of purchase and maintenance, but they also have the disadvantage of that with larger workpiece tolerances, temporary increases and also decreases of the pressure, the extent of which depends on the spring characteristic Need to become.

The pressure generators are advantageously designed as winding spindles. However, it is assumed that the workpieces have closely tolerated dimensions or dimensions. have accurate surfaces.

It is also advantageous that the deflection roller on the workpiece entry side narrow each endless belt in diameter larger than the workpiece exit side Deflection roller and is designed at the same time as a drive roller.

Due to the larger diameter of the pulley on the workpiece inlet side a softer entry of the work pieces into the gap between the endless belts achieved. In this way, there is wear and tear on the web structures of the endless belt surfaces diminished.

The method designed according to the invention and the method according to the invention trained device are in the following based on the drawings described. It shows: FIG. 1 - a schematic drawing showing the inventive method principle as well as the basic principle of the operation of the device designed according to the invention can be seen, Fig. 2 - a side view of the serving to carry out the method device designed according to the invention and FIG. 3 - the device designed according to the invention Device in perspective view.

The method designed according to the invention is based in accordance with

Fig. 1 that impregnating and / or glazing liquid 1, which the workpieces made of wood 2 is continuously fed at their first contact with the wooden surface in a multitude of small-volume, closely arranged, on the workpiece side, however, open, deformable chambers 3 is added. These Chambers, which after their contact with the workpiece surface with the continuous conveyed workpiece 2 migrate, are now through in the direction of arrows 4 in Fig. 1 acting pressure increasingly deformed d. hJ reduced in volume, so that the impregnation and / or glazing liquid 1, which as a result of the flexible Existing material, the chambers laterally delimiting webs 5, which also are pressed increasingly harder on the workpiece surface, do not move sideways can, as a result of the pressure increase, is forced into the Workpiece surface and penetrate into the interior of the workpiece 2.

Fig. 1 clearly shows that the webs 5 in the arrow 6 in Fig. 1 shown workpiece passage direction are increasingly lower, which means that the volumes of the chambers 3 are smaller and correspondingly smaller thus the injection pressure of the impregnating and / or glazing liquid in the direction of wood passage gets bigger.

Fig. 2 shows the essential parts of the invention trained device in side view.

The conveyor device for the continuous passage of the workpieces 2 in the direction of arrow 6 are omitted.

Preparatory devices that are not shown are also not shown to clean the surface of the workpieces 2 from dust or the like. It lacks also the known devices for the impregnation and / or glazing liquid to continuously supply the chambers 3 on the circuit, to collect excess quantities, to be cleaned and fed back to the chambers 3 in the circuit.

Gem. Fig. 2 it can be seen that the inventively designed Device two to each other in pairs on opposite sides of the workpiece 2 opposite endless belts 6, the workpiece-side surfaces through the webs 5 already evident from FIG. 1 in the multitude of small-volume ones deformable or reducible chambers 3 is broken down. Appropriately exist the endless belts 6 made of suitable plastics, rubber or the like. On the workpiece side At the ends 7 of the endless belts 6, flood chambers 8 are provided which are continuous charged with it impregnation and / or glazing liquid from the device (not shown) In the embodiment according to Fig. 2, two are arranged at right angles to one another, opposite pairs of endless belts 6 shown. This design is suitable for workpieces 2 that have a square cross-section. With others Workpiece cross-sections, the number of endless belt pairs 6 must be increased or decreased, whose transverse contour may be changed differently from the straight one. The endless belts 6 belonging to a pair are also adjustable to one another, so that workpieces of different dimensions are treated.

Part of the implementation of the method designed according to the invention it is that the small-volume chambers 3, formed by the elastically yielding ones Web 5 are reduced by pressure. This pressure is generated at the Device according to Fig. 2 with press rollers 9, which together with a front drive pulley 10 and a deflection roller 11 on the workpiece exit side mounted in a cheek 12 are. In this way, each strand on the workpiece (belt part between Drive and deflection roller) of an endless belt 6 with regard to the Storage as a unit, in which none of the deflection or drive rollers or pressure rollers 10, 11 or 9 can evade independently of others.

The cheeks 12 are eccentric in relation to their length with Kipphebeylag, ern 13 equipped, these bearings in the direction of the workpiece exit side pulleys 11 are offset, one of these rocker arm bearings 13 is fixedly mounted. The opposite of the pair of endless belts is connected to a pressure generator 14.

Due to the eccentric position of the rocker arm bearing 13 in relation to the Length of the cheeks 12 is achieved that the pressure (arrows 4 in Fig. I) in the desired Dimensions in workpiece passage direction 6 increases continuously because this the leverage of the position of the rocker arm bearing 13 to the length of the cheek 12 wirl8 :. The rocker arm bearings 13 are expediently used to change the pressure increase adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the cheek 12.

Without workpiece 2, the workpiece-side strands form the endless belts 6 a gap that narrows in the shape of a wedge in the workpiece passage direction 6. This Gap can be changed by changing the pressure effect of the pressure generator 14 with respect to change its Xeilwinkel.

The deflection roller 10 on the workpiece inlet side is larger in diameter as the deflection roller 11 on the workpiece exit side. It also serves as a drive roller.

It is useful if the drive is the deflection or guide rollers 10 the endless belts 6 is adjustable in speed, so that the throughput speed the workpieces 2 can be reduced. Workpieces that are difficult to impregnate can run slowly in this way, so d with a single run, as according to the invention required the prescribed amount of impregnating and / or glazing liquid applied and the necessary depth of penetration achieved; easily impregnable workpieces 2 can do this with the same result, but at a much greater speed be promoted, whereby the work performance of the inventively trained Device is used opti-ally in each case.

All items identified in the description and / or the drawings and combination features are considered essential to the invention.

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Claims (14)

Claims: Process for continuous application or introduction from impregnating and / or glazing liquid to elongated, at least superficial and at least limited porous workpieces, in particular made of wood, in which the impregnation and / or glazing liquid applied to the workpieces in limited overdosing, the excess amount flowing off is collected in a circuit and after filtration is reused, characterized in that the impregnating and / or glazing liquid at the first contact with the workpiece surface into a multitude of small-volume, deformable chambers that are open on the workpiece side are introduced and controlled by Pressure from the chambers is pressed into the workpiece. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure on the impregnation and / or glazing liquid after their first contact with the workpiece surface is increased in a controlled manner. 3. Device for performing the method according to claim 1 and / or 2, consisting of funding for the workpieces, application facilities for the Impregnating and / or glazing liquid as well as k'order, collecting and filtering devices for circulation and reprocessing of the impregnation and / or glazing liquid, characterized in that the application devices for the impregnation and / or glazing liquid (1) from each other in pairs on opposite works the workpiece surfaces, driven at the same speed as the workpieces (2) Endless belts (6), whose workpiece-side surfaces are replaced by upright elastically flexible webs (5) with a large number of small-volume, deformable ones Chambers' (3) are provided, the respective workpiece-side strand (belt part between Drive and deflection roller) of each endless belt (6) lying close to one another Pressure rollers (9) for controlled deformation of the chambers (3) are assigned, and that directly at the workpiece inlet end of the endless belts (6) to the circuit the flooding chambers (8) connected to the impregnating and / or glazing liquid for Filling the chambers of the endless belts with impregnation and / or glazing liquid are provided. 4.Vorrichtung according to claim 3, characterized in that the chambers (3) of the endless belts (6) at least transversely to the running direction of the endless belt their shape is irregular and / or irregular in terms of their location are arranged. 5. Apparatus according to claim 3 and / or 4, characterized in that that the workpiece-side strands of each pair of opposing endless belts (6) a slightly wedge-shaped gap that narrows in the workpiece direction limit. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the wedge angle of the gap between the workpiece-side strand of the endless belts (6) adjustable is. 7. Device according to one or more of claims 3 to 6, characterized characterized in that the drive and deflection rollers (10, 11) and the pressure rollers (9) of the endless belts (6) are each received in common bearing cheeks (12) and that these bearing cheeks (12) are eccentrically close in terms of their length the workpiece exit ends of the endless belts (6) mounted pivotably like a rocker arm are. 8. Device according to one or more of claims 3 to 7, characterized characterized in that the rocker arm bearings (13) of the cheeks (12) of each pair are mutually exclusive opposing endless belts (6) as cooperating abutments for application of the pressing pressure are formed. 9. Device according to one or more of claims 3 to 8, characterized characterized in that the rocker arm bearings (13) of one cheeks 412) of a pair are opposite one another Endless belts (6) are fixedly supported, while the rocker arm bearing of the opposite Endless belt (6) are connected to a pressure generator (14). 10. Device according to one or more of claims 3 to 7, characterized characterized in that the rocker arm bearings (13) of each pair each other opposite endless belts (6) are mounted floating limited and that the Pressure generator (14) engages on two opposing rocker arm bearings (13). 11. The device according to one or more of claims 3 to 10, characterized characterized in that the pressure generator (14) as hydraulic or pneumatic pressure-regulated Working members are trained. 12. The device according to one or more of claims 3 to 10, characterized characterized in that the pressure generator (14) as spring arrangements with adjustable Biasing force are formed. 13. The device according to one or more of claims 3 to 10, characterized characterized in that the pressure generators (14) are designed as threaded spindles. 14. Device according to one or more of claims 3 to 13, characterized characterized in that the workpiece entry-side deflection roller (10) of each endless belt (6) larger in diameter than the deflection roller (11) and on the workpiece exit side at the same time designed as a drive roller it. Description: