DE29709555U1 - Loading device - Google Patents

Description

GRÜNECKER, KINKELDEY, STOPKM/URT & SCHWANKÄUSSER

LAW FIRM

LAW FIRM MAXIMIUANSTRASSE 58 D-80538 MUNICH GERMANY LAWYERS

DR. HERMANN SCHWANHÄUSSER
DR. HELMUT EICHMANN
GERHARD BARTH
OR. ULRiCH BLUMENRÖDER, LL M.
CHRISTA NIKLAS-FALTER

YOUR REF.

OUR REF.

G3663-00185/mmb PATENT ATTORNEYS

EUROPEAN PATENT AHORNEYS

AUGUST GRÜNEECKER

DR. HERMANN KINKELDEY

DR. WILFRIED STOCKMAIR (-1996)

DR. KLAUS SCHUMANN

PETER H. JAKOB

DR. GUNTER BEZOLD

WOLFHARD MEISTER

HANS HILGERS

DR. HENNING MEYER-PIATH

ANNELLE EHNOLD

THOMAS SCHUSTER

DR. WALTER IANGHOFF

DR. KLARA GOLDBACH

MARTIN AUFENANGER

GOTTFRED KUTZSCH

DR. HEIKE VOGELSANG-WENKE

REINHARD KNAUER

DIETMAR KUHL

DR. FRANZ-JOSEF ZIMMER

BETTINA K. REICHELT

DR. ANTON K. PFAU

DATE

02.06.1997

German utility model application "Loading device" Trans-o-Flex Express Delivery Service AG

Hertzstr. 10 69469 Weinheim

TEL 089 / 21 23 50 · FAX (GR 3) 089 / 22 02 87 · FAX (GR 4) 89 / 21 86 92 93 · E MAIL postmaster@gainecker.de ■ TELEX 529 380 MONA D
MAXIMILIAiMSTRASSE 58 · D-80538 MUNICH DEUTSCHE BANK MUNICH, NO. 17 51734, BLZ 700 700 TO

Loading device

The invention relates to a loading device for contour-correct loading of pallets, with at least two wall elements, each of which has at least one support section, the support sections extending in an upward plane, preferably perpendicular to the pallet surface, and enabling the pallets to be loaded in a contour-correct manner in that the load can be supported at least in sections on the support sections, at least during loading, and with at least one receptacle for removably inserting the pallet into the loading device, the pallet being able to be aligned with the support sections by inserting it into the receptacle, so that the support sections run essentially parallel to at least two side surfaces of the pallet.

Currently, individual packages are either stacked in lattice boxes that are firmly attached to the pallets, for example screwed on, and transported with the lattice boxes, or wrapped in elastic film after stacking on the pallet.

The main disadvantage of lattice boxes is that they take up the same amount of space when full and empty, which results in additional transport costs for empty transports. In addition, sufficient storage capacity is required due to the need to keep the bulky lattice boxes on hand. The high weight and high purchase costs of lattice boxes also have a negative impact.

The object of the invention is therefore to create a system for stacking and transporting packages on pallets, which enables simple, quick and space-efficient loading and transport preparation of the pallet, is reusable and takes up the least possible space when empty.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the wall elements are connected to one another in an articulated manner, so that the loading device can be transferred from an erected loading position into a folded storage position.

This solution is simple and has the advantage that in the folded storage position the loading device takes up little space and thus reduces storage costs. Furthermore, the alignment of the support sections to the sides of the pallet enables firm, contour-correct stacking right up to the edge of the pallet. The better use of space achieved in this way means that the pallet can be used more effectively per shipment, so that transport costs are reduced. At the same time, transport safety is increased.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the wall elements can surround the pallet on three sides. This ensures that the load is supported on these sides and can be stacked particularly firmly and in line with the contours by loading the pallet from the fourth side, which is not surrounded by wall elements. It can be advantageous if the wall elements form at least two side walls.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the pallet can be removed from the holder even when loaded. This means that the pallet can be detached from the loading device after loading and can thus be transported separately.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the articulated connection can also be made using hinges. This gives the loading device a firm hold in the loading position and can still be folded up for storage.

It is advantageous if the hinges are provided with different cantilever lengths, so that when several elements are folded over one another, they lie parallel to one another.

The individual wall elements can have support surfaces made of rod mesh, at least in sections. For this purpose, the individual wall elements can have a tubular frame, at least in sections. Furthermore, the individual wall elements can be made of flat material or plastic, or have support surfaces made of tarpaulin-like devices. The above-mentioned

Materials are characterized by low weight, which facilitates the transport of the loading device, at least in the storage position.

In order to give the individual wall elements increased stability, stiffening struts can be attached to the individual wall elements.

It is also advantageous if at least one anti-tilt device is attached to the loading device, which protects the loading device against tipping over in the loading position. The anti-tilt devices can also reach under the surface of the pallet and thus additionally protect the loading device against slipping while the pallet is being loaded.

It is also advantageous if the thickness of the wall elements is small compared to their longitudinal extension in the horizontal and/or vertical direction, because this saves material and the loading device has a low weight. In addition, the height of the wall elements can be considerably greater than the width and/or the length of a pallet, preferably approximately equal to twice the length of the pallet, without causing a significant increase in weight.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a stand device can be provided with which the loading device can be set up independently on a surface. In this embodiment, the handling of the loading device is considerably simplified, since additional devices for setting up the pallet in the storage position or in the loading position can be dispensed with.

Aligning the pallet to the loading device is made considerably easier if the holder has holding sections that extend essentially parallel to the support sections and against which the pallet rests with its side walls at least for loading the pallet. The holding sections can also be integrated into the wall elements.

For loads that are difficult to stack, it can be advantageous if the loading device can be transported together with the pallet.

In a further advantageous embodiment, at least one tensioning element is clamped between two wall elements of the loading device. This prevents the loading device from unintentionally unfolding in the loading position during loading.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that a tarpaulin made of flexible material can be detachably attached to the wall elements on the load side, on which the load can be supported when loading the pallet. This has the advantage that the load can be wrapped with this tarpaulin after loading. This is achieved in particular when the tarpaulin is attached between the load and the support sections during loading.

A significant saving of material can be achieved if the support sections are formed by the tarpaulin itself. The wall elements can be designed as a frame in which the tarpaulin can be stretched.

Loading the pallet and then wrapping the load after loading can be achieved if the tarpaulin extends over several, preferably three, wall elements in the loading position. It is advantageous if at least one edge length of the tarpaulin is at least equal to or greater than the circumference of the pallet. This means that the load stacked on the pallet according to its contours can be completely wrapped.

The loading process can be made considerably easier if the height of the tarpaulin in the loading position is essentially the same as the height of the loading device and/or the tarpaulin is folded over in sections to the side of the wall elements facing away from the load.

In a further advantageous embodiment, at least one fastening device, for example for tarpaulins, cloths, foils or the like, can be provided on the side surfaces. These fastening devices can be designed as hooks, as clamp fasteners or as Velcro fasteners. Before loading begins,

For example, tarpaulins can be attached to the loading position of the loading device, which will then partially enclose the load after the loading process has been completed. The total length of the section formed by the fastening devices can be greater than or at least equal to the circumference of the pallet to be loaded. This means that the fastening devices can accommodate tarpaulins that can completely wrap around the load stacked on a pallet. If, for example, rectangular tarpaulins are to be used, it is advantageous if the fastening devices are in a line.

The tarpaulin can be provided with fastening devices in such a way that it can be attached to at least some of the fastening devices of the loading device. This allows the tarpaulin to be attached to the loading device particularly quickly. In order to adapt to the fastening devices of the loading device, the tarpaulin can be provided with eyelets, a thickened seam or clamp fasteners. The tarpaulin can be provided with tensioning belts so that the load can be tied down using the tarpaulin after loading. The belts can be color-coded, which makes operation even easier. Clamp locks can be attached to the tarpaulin to fasten the belts.

To ensure that the load is not stacked too high on the pallet, the tarpaulin can be provided with a filling height marking.

In order to mark the pallet load wrapped in tarpaulin and ready for transport, corresponding elements can be attached to the outside of the pallet.

In addition to the loading device, a tarpaulin made of flexible material with fastening devices is used.

Until now, such tarpaulins have been difficult to handle and therefore the pallet load is wrapped in elastic film, the disadvantage being that the film has to be destroyed when unpacking and is therefore not reusable. The result is costly procurement and destruction costs, which also

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is unsatisfactory from an environmental point of view. This system also has a disadvantageous effect on transport stability. Experience shows that the elastically wrapped load often shifts. In addition, the film can tear if it is hit, etc.

These disadvantages are avoided if fastening devices are provided near the upper edge of the tarpaulin, such that in a loading position between the load and the side surfaces it can be attached to a loading device, preferably in one of the designs described above, and if locking devices are provided on the tarpaulin, with which two essentially opposite side edges of the tarpaulin can be connected to one another by connecting means in such a way that the tarpaulin wraps around the load on the pallet.

The advantage of this tarpaulin is that by attaching the tarpaulin to the loading device between the load and the side surfaces, it is possible to stack the load firmly and in line with the contours indirectly on the loading device. This means that after loading, the load on the pallet can be wrapped with the tarpaulin, which increases transport safety and prevents the load from slipping. In addition, the solid tarpaulin can no longer be torn open by impact, etc. Since the tarpaulin is reusable, the material required per transport is reduced.

Compared to the lattice boxes, the tarpaulins are characterized by a significantly lower weight and significantly lower acquisition costs. After use, the tarpaulins can be folded up, which reduces storage costs and, when returned empty, causes lower transport costs than with the lattice boxes, which take up the same space even when empty.

In another advantageous design of the tarpaulin, the fasteners are attached to the tarpaulin. This means that the fasteners are always available after loading. Color coding of the fasteners makes handling easier when wrapping the load on the loaded pallet.

The handling of the tarpaulin, especially folding it when transporting it empty, can be simplified if the tarpaulin has a rectangular cut. In addition, it can

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can be more easily attached to a loading device with rectangular wall elements.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the tarpaulin has a filling level marking so that the load is not stacked too high on the pallet.

It is also advantageous for wrapping the load if one side of the tarpaulin runs essentially parallel to the pallet surface in the loading position.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the tarpaulin can be made of textile material. Furthermore, the fastening devices of the tarpaulin can be designed in the form of eyelets, or in the form of Velcro fasteners or in the form of clamp fasteners.

The manufacturing costs of the tarpaulin can be reduced if all the tarpaulin’s fastening devices are in one line.

Furthermore, the locking devices and the connecting means can be attached to sides that are adjacent to the upper edge of the tarpaulin provided with the fastening devices.

In the following, the structure and functionality of the loading device will be described in more detail using two embodiments.

Show it:

Fig. 1 a first embodiment of the loading device in an oblique view in the loading position,

Fig. 2 a first embodiment of the tarpaulin in an oblique view in the side loading division,

Fig. 3 the first embodiment of the loading device according to Fig. 1 in an oblique view in the storage position,

Fig. 4 a second embodiment of the loading device in a side view in the loading position,

Fig. 5 the second embodiment of the loading device according to Fig. 4 in a front view in the loading position,

Fig. 6 the second embodiment of the loading device according to Fig. 4 in a top view in the loading position,

Fig. 7 shows a detail of the second embodiment of the loading device according to Fig. 4,

Fig. 8 a second embodiment of the tarpaulin in a front view.

The structure of the first embodiment of the loading device 1 is described below.

Fig. 1 shows the loading device 1, which consists of a rear wall element 2 made of a steel tube frame 3, which is connected to two rear, horizontal struts

4, 5 made of tubular steel frames with a rectangular cross-section and hinges 6, 7 connected to two side wall elements 8, 9. The side wall elements 8, 9 each also consist of a tubular steel frame 10 with a rectangular cross-section, to which two horizontal struts 11,12 made of steel tubes are attached. The hinges 6, which connect the rear wall element 2 with one side wall element 8, have a different cantilever length than the hinges 7, which connect the rear wall element 2 with the other side wall element 9. In all three wall elements 2, 8, 9 there is a joint between the tubular steel frame 3,10 and the lower horizontal strut

5, 12 a structural steel mat 13 is attached. In approximately 60% to 90% of the depth of the side wall elements 8, 9 from the rear wall element 2, horizontal,

plate-shaped anti-tilt devices 14 are attached to the lower side struts 12, whereby the anti-tilt devices 14 protrude into a volume 16 delimited by the rear wall element 2 and the side wall elements 8, 9. Rails 17 protruding into the volume 16 are attached near the upper edge 15 of the loading device 1 for attaching hooks 18. These hooks 18 open into the volume 16. A pair of further hooks 19 open in the opposite direction. The hooks 18, 19 are all in a line. The two side wall elements 8, 9 are connected to one another at the upper edge 15 with a tensioning belt 20.

Fig. 3 shows the loading device 1 in the folded storage state.

Fig. 2 shows the tarpaulin 21, which is provided with eyelets 22 on its upper edge, which are hooked into the hooks 18. Near the two upper corners of the tarpaulin 21 there are two further eyelets 23, which can be hooked into the hooks 19. At a certain height of the load securing tarpaulin 21 there is a filling level marking 24 that runs parallel to the upper edge. When hooked in and folded over, the tarpaulin 21 just touches the surface of the pallet.

The structure of the second embodiment of the loading device is described below. For the sake of simplicity, only differences from the first embodiment are discussed.

In the rear 2 (Fig.4) and the two side 8, 9 (Fig. 5) wall elements, the tubular steel frame 10 is made of a U-shaped bent steel tube with a round cross-section, which is provided with a horizontal strut 25 at the upper end. Between the lower horizontal strut 5,12 and the tubular steel frame 10, vertical struts 30 are inserted in the middle of all three wall elements 2, 8, 9. The anti-tilt devices 14 are designed in the shape of a hook and the hooks 18,19 are attached to the upper struts 25.

Fig. 7 shows one of the hooks 18,19 in a detailed view. The hooks 18,19 made of angular round steel are welded to the struts 25 and 7° against the

Vertical inclined so that the right angle forming the hook 18,19 opens upwards.

Fig. 8 shows a second embodiment of the tarpaulin 21. It differs from the first embodiment of the tarpaulin 21 in that three tensioning belts 26 and a clamp lock 27 are sewn or welded onto the left narrow side as seen from the front, and three clamp locks 27 and a tensioning belt 26 are sewn or welded onto the right narrow side as seen from the front. On the side of the tarpaulin 21 opposite the view, an identification mark 28 is attached to the side of the center line in the upper third of the tarpaulin.

The operation of the first embodiment is described below.

In the storage position (Fig. 2), which can be adopted, for example, when the loading device is not in use, the loading device 1 is folded up and takes up little space, which reduces storage costs and increases the available storage space. Due to the different cantilever lengths of the hinges 6, 7, the first side wall element 8 lies flat on the rear wall element and the second side wall element 9 lies flat on the first side wall element 8. If the two side wall elements 8, are sufficiently short so that they do not lie on top of one another when folded up, the cantilever length of the hinges 6, 7 can of course be the same.

If the loading device 1 is now opened to load a pallet 29, the two side wall elements 8, 9 are first opened beyond the right angle with the rear wall element 2, so that a pallet can be pushed in until it stops against the rear wall element 2. As soon as the pallet rests against the rear wall element 2, the side wall elements 8, 9 are folded onto the side surfaces of the pallet so that the pallet 29 rests against the side wall elements 8, 9. The anti-tilt device 14 grips under the surface of the pallet 21 and thus secures the loading device 1 against tipping over during loading. The rear wall element 2 now forms a holder for the pallet 29 with the two side wall elements 8, 9, so that the wall elements 2, 8, 9 are parallel to the side surfaces of the

Pallet 29 are aligned. In order to prevent the two side wall elements 8, 9 from opening accidentally during loading, the two side wall elements 8, 9 are connected with a tensioning belt 20 when the pallet 29 is inserted into the holder and aligned. In this state, the inserted pallet 29 can already be loaded according to its contours, as the packages can be supported on the structural steel mat 13 of the side wall elements 8, 9 and the rear wall element. The lower horizontal struts 5, 12 secure the structural steel mat 13 near the pallet surface against denting and serve as stops for the pallet 29.

If it is intended to wrap the load of the pallets 29 with a tarpaulin 21 for the purpose of transport safety, the tarpaulin 21 can be hooked into the hooks 18, 19 of the loading device 1 before loading, so that it lines the volume 16 spanned by the rear wall element 2 and the side wall elements 8, 9. The protruding sides of the tarpaulin 21 are then folded over the side wall elements 8, 9 and hooked into the outward-facing hooks 19 using the eyelets 23 in the corner of the tarpaulin 21. During loading, the packages are now stacked against the tarpaulin 21 in accordance with their contours, with the tarpaulin 21 being supported against the side surfaces formed by the rear wall element 2 and the side wall elements 8, 9. After loading, the folded ends of the tarpaulin 21 are hung down and wrap around the side of the load opposite the rear wall element 2. If the tarpaulin 21 is now unhooked from the hooks 18, the top of the load can also be covered by the tarpaulin 21. To remove the pallet, the tensioning belt 20 is first loosened and then the side wall elements 8, 9 are opened so that the anti-tilt devices 14 release the pallet and it can be removed. The loading device 1 is now ready to take on another pallet 29. Alternatively, if the loading device 1 is no longer required, the storage position can be adopted.

The following describes how the second embodiment works in contrast to the first embodiment.

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In the second embodiment of the loading device 1 according to Fig. 4 to Fig. 7, the loading process takes place essentially as in the first embodiment. Due to the hook-shaped design of the anti-tilt device 14, the pallet is partially supported on the anti-tilt device 14 so that a tensioning belt 20 can be deployed. The U-shaped, one-piece bent steel tube frame 3 eliminates the need to connect several individual steel tubes to form a frame, which is expensive to manufacture and impairs wear resistance and stability. The curved design of the lower corners of the wall elements 2, 8, 9 also makes the loading device 1 easier to transport in the storage position and minimizes wear on the edges, which often drag on the floor during transport in the storage position.

The functionality of the second embodiment of the tarpaulin 21 is described below. Only differences from the first embodiment are discussed.

The tensioning belts and clamp locks attached to the tarpaulin 21 make it very easy to wrap the load after the tarpaulin 21 has been removed from the hooks 18, 19. The tensioning belts 26 are inserted into the clamp locks 27 after the load has been wrapped around the pallet 29 so that the load is secured against slipping. Color coding of the tensioning belts 26 and the clamp locks 27 enables the user to assign the belts 26 to the corresponding locks 27. An identification mark 28 on the outside after the load has been wrapped, which is attached so that it lies on one side of the load after wrapping, enables the pallet and load to be identified.

Claims (55)

Expectations 1. Loading device (1) for contour-accurate loading of pallets, with at least two wall elements, each of which has at least one support section I wherein the support sections are arranged in an upward, preferably * extend in a plane perpendicular to the pallet surface and the ; Enable contour-correct loading of the pallet by loading the goods ■ at least partially supported on the support sections at least during loading, and with at least one receptacle for removable insertion of the pallet (29) into the loading device (1), wherein the pallet (29) can be aligned with the support sections by insertion into the receptacle, so that the support sections are substantially parallel to at least two side surfaces the pallet, characterized in that the wall elements ', are connected to each other in an articulated manner, so that the loading device (1) can be Can be converted from an erected loading position into a folded storage position _; ; 2. Loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall elements surround the pallet (29) on at least three sides. 3. Loading device (1) according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the wall elements form at least two side walls (8, 9). 4. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pallet can be removed from the receptacle even when loaded. 5. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the articulated connection is made by hinges (6, 7). 6. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hinges (6, 7) are provided with different cantilever lengths. 7. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual wall elements have, at least in sections, support sections made of rod mesh. 8. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual wall elements each have a tubular frame, at least in sections. 9. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual wall elements are made of flat material. 10. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual wall elements are made of plastic. 11. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual wall elements have support sections made of tarpaulin-like devices. 12. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one stiffening strut is attached to the individual wall elements. 13. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one anti-tilt device (14) is attached to the loading device (1), which secures the loading device against tipping over in the loading position. ■ it &igr; · » · » · 14. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the wall elements compared to their
Longitudinal extension in horizontal and/or vertical direction is small. 15. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the height of the wall elements is considerably greater than the
Width and/or length of a pallet, preferably approximately twice the length of the pallet. 16. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a stand device is provided with which the
Loading device (1) can be set up independently on a surface. 17. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receptacle has receiving sections which extend substantially parallel to the support sections and against which the pallet rests with its side walls at least for loading the pallet. 18. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving sections are integrated into the wall elements. 19. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the loading device together with the pallet
is transportable. 20. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one clamping element (20) is arranged between two
Wall elements of the loading device (1) are clamped 21. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tarpaulin (21) made of made of flexible material which can be removably attached and on which the load can be supported when loading the pallet (29). 22. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tarpaulin (21) is attached between the load and the support sections during loading. 23. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support sections are formed by the tarpaulin itself. 24. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall elements are designed as a frame in which the tarpaulin can be stretched. 25. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tarpaulin (21) extends over several, preferably three wall elements in the loading position. 26. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one edge length of the tarpaulin (21) is equal to or greater than the circumference of the pallet. 27. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the height of the tarpaulin (21) in the loading position is substantially equal to the height of the loading device. 28. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tarpaulin (21) is partially folded over onto the side of the wall elements facing away from the load. 29. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one Fastening device, for example for tarpaulins, cloths, foils or similar, is provided. 30. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening devices are hook-shaped. 31. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening devices are designed as clamp closures. 32. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening devices are designed as Velcro fasteners. 33. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the total length of the track formed by the fastening devices is greater than or at least equal to the circumference of the pallet to be loaded. 34. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening devices are located on a line. 35. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tarpaulin (21) is provided with fastening devices such that it can be attached to at least part of the fastening devices of the loading device (1). 36. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening devices of the tarpaulin (21) are provided with eyelets, with a thickened seam or with Velcro fasteners in adaptation to the fastening devices of the loading device (1). 37. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tarpaulin (21) is provided with tensioning belts. 38. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensioning belts (26) of the tarpaulin (21) are colored
Marked are. 39. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tarpaulin (21) is provided with clamp locks (27). 40. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping locks (27) of the tarpaulin (21) are colour-coded according to the tensioning belt provided for the respective clamping lock.
Marked are. 4L loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tarpaulin (21) is provided with a filling level marking (24)
is provided. 42. Loading device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that elements for marking the transport-ready
made pallet load wrapped with the tarpaulin (21) are attached to the outside of the tarpaulin. 43. Tarpaulin (21) made of flexible material with fastening devices, characterized in that the fastening devices are provided near the upper edge of the tarpaulin (21) in such a way that it can be attached in a loading position between the load and the side surfaces to a loading device (1), preferably according to one of the preceding claims, and that
Locking devices are provided on the tarpaulin with which two
substantially opposite side edges of the tarpaulin (21) by
Connecting means can be connected to one another in such a way that the tarpaulin (21) wraps around the load on the pallet. 44. Tarpaulin according to claim 43, characterized in that the tarpaulin (21) wraps around the load on the loaded pallet substantially in the circumferential direction of the pallet surface. 45. Tarpaulin (21) according to one of claims 43 and 44, characterized in that the connecting means are attached to the tarpaulin. 46. Tarpaulin (21) according to one of claims 43 to 45, characterized in that the connecting means are color-coded. 47. Tarpaulin according to one of claims 43 to 46, characterized in that the tarpaulin has a rectangular cut. 48. Tarpaulin (21) according to one of claims 43 to 47, characterized in that the tarpaulin (21) has a filling level marking (24). 49. Tarpaulin (21) according to one of claims 43 to 48, characterized in that one side of the tarpaulin in the loading position runs substantially parallel to the pallet surface. 50. Tarpaulin (21) according to one of claims 43 to 49, characterized in that the tarpaulin (21) consists of textile material. 51. Tarpaulin (21) according to one of claims 43 to 50, characterized in that the fastening devices are in the form of eyelets. 52. Tarpaulin (21) according to one of claims 43 to 51, characterized in that the fastening devices are designed in the form of Velcro fasteners. 53. Tarpaulin (21) according to one of claims 43 to 52, characterized in that the fastening devices are designed in the form of clamp fasteners. : 2t) : 54. Tarpaulin (21) according to one of claims 43 to 53, characterized in that all fastening devices are located on one line. 55. Plane (21) according to one of claims 43 to 54, characterized in that the closure devices and the connecting means are brought to the sides adjacent to the upper edge provided with the fastening devices.