DE29522014U1 - Component for the production of surfaces with a hexagonal layout of the same side length - Google Patents

Description

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PATENT ATTORNEYS
EUROPEAN PATENT AND TRADEMARK ATTORNEYS

APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION OF A UTILITY MODEL

Branch from patent application 195 22 570.8 dated 26.06.1995

(31) Priority Application Number:

(32) Priority Date:

(33) Priority Country I Priority Country:

Our reference: E133DE7 H/mü

(54) Title:

Construction element for producing surfaces with hexagonal floor plan of equal side length

(71) Applicant:

Alf-Hans Eberhard Säntisblick 32

78465 Constance Germany

(74) Representative / Agent:

Dipl.-Ing. Gerhard F. Hiebsch

Dipl.-Ing. Dr. oec. Niels Behrmann M.B.A. (NY)

Heinrich-Weber-Platz 78224 Singen

Oral agreements require written confirmation to be valid.

Parking in the building (entrance: Freiheitstraße]

BODENSEEPATENT®

E133DE7 -1-

Component for producing surfaces with hexagonal Gundriss of equal side length

The invention relates to a construction element for producing surfaces, in particular surfaces in path and landscape construction, with a hexagonal floor plan with equal side lengths and rectangular wall surfaces.

Such building elements are known as concrete blocks and can be put together in a particularly convenient way to form a larger surface. Surfaces made of these concrete blocks - like surfaces made of concrete, asphalt and grouted stone paving - lead to undesirable soil sealing, among other things.

Knowing this state of the art, the inventor has set himself the goal of replacing the no longer acceptable soil sealing with an open shoring system that allows the soil to be renaturalized while maintaining high water permeability and being suitable for heavy loads. High shear and thrust strengths are to be offered and strong soil compression is to be avoided.

The teaching of patent claim 1 leads to the solution of this problem, the subclaims indicate advantageous further developments.

According to the invention, six wall strips arranged on the floor plan form a ring-like boundary around an interior of the element, to which cross walls bordering filling pockets that are open at the bottom are connected. The filling pockets can hold soil components or sand or gravel, which releases the water towards the ground. The cross walls, which intersect in the floor plan center, are preferably formed onto the wall strips in the middle of their sides.

E133DE7 -2

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According to an essential feature of the invention, these components are formed from recyclable materials, in particular from polyethylene (PE), polyurethane (PU), polyamides (PA) or polypropylene (PP).

Thanks to these specifications, an open construction system for ecologically sensible renaturation of the ground areas is achieved. The individual building elements are connected to one another without any gaps and each offer six of the filling pockets mentioned. The outer six wall strips, preferably 85 mm high, are stabilized by at least three - preferably six - cross walls.

When laying the floor, more than 22 filling pockets are created per square meter of laying surface, which means that the filling material can be used in a smaller quantity than with conventional construction methods and can no longer be washed away and is permeable to flood water with intentionally integrated drainage and a simultaneous moisture regulator. This enables faster compaction of the fill material and immediate greening with high load-bearing capacity and high shear and thrust strength.

In contrast to conventional ground surface systems, a pontoon effect is achieved here, i.e. the adaptation of a floating surface, while at the same time ruts caused by ground failures are prevented, as are differences in settlement. The traffic loads can be distributed optimally without - as mentioned - the need to seal the ground. Floodwater is eliminated, the space for roots is increased, and pollutant discharge through surface water is reduced. Neutralization can be achieved through a wide variety of building grounds and construction conditions.

E133DE7 -3-

According to a further feature of the invention, edge recesses extend from the edges of the wall strips, and base strips protrude at approximately right angles, which are interrupted by the edge recesses. These base strips then provide support for building elements placed on the floor and security against possible sinking.

Corner strips that are formed parallel to the base strips on two adjacent wall strips of the building element have proven to be beneficial for stabilizing the building element. Corner strips near the upper edge of the building element can be used as supports for cover plates of the filling pockets.

In a version that is particularly suitable for interior use, the cover plates are bowl-shaped with peripheral edges and close the filling pockets like a cream jar.

One way of connecting adjacent building elements requires that edge recesses on the two edges of the wall strips are located opposite each other in pairs; in at least one pair of edge recesses, clamp-like locking locks are inserted, which each enclose two adjacent wall strips of neighboring building elements in strip-like fashion and secure them against each other. In addition, the edge recesses in the lower edge area allow for better drainage.

Another design of the connection is characterized in that an outer strip runs parallel to the center axis on the outer surface of at least one wall strip as a connecting element, which preferably has an arrow-like cross-section.

E133DE7 -4- *. t ·..'. · *· ·. ·. '"I"

Advantageously, three wall strips are provided with the outer strip and the three wall strips arranged between them are provided with a slot running between the upper and lower edges in the middle of the side, and the webs of the outer strips can be inserted into the slots of adjacent building elements by clamping them.

At least the area of the inner surface of the wall strip adjacent to the slot can be part of a hollow projection or formation with an approximately triangular cross-section, to the apex of which a transverse wall is connected; an outer strip of an adjacent structural element is inserted and held in place in the cavity of the formation.

In a further embodiment of the structural element, a pipe stump runs in the middle of the floor plan, to which the transverse walls are connected radially. Ring strips corresponding to the corner strips are preferably placed around this pipe stump.

In a further embodiment of a support element according to the invention, two formations are connected by a support strip, whereby the support strips preferably form an additional stabilizing hexagon within the structural element. The height of the support strips should be less than the height of the wall strips, so that their lower edge is at a distance from the open floor level.

It has also proven to be beneficial for stability that each support strip is crossed by a support wall, which connects the pipe stump with a corner formed by two adjacent wall strips.

A further feature of the invention is provided by the edge cutouts, which are semicircular or circular in shape and are provided on the lower edge of the wall strips and transverse walls as ducts for cables or the like.

E133DE7 -5- ". f..:.· ·. ·. '"!"'

According to the invention, a comprehensive soil structure is created which - as tests have shown - is 94% breathable; the applied fill is not compacted and retains a water permeability of, for example, 21 liters per second and qtn.

The construction element according to the invention can reduce the increased depletion of resources and reuse existing waste plastics. No floodwater is produced, while at the same time the earth's surface has high resilience and shear strength and is highly breathable. Renaturation with immediate greening is possible.

The dimensions of the construction elements, preferably 85 mm high and with a cross-sectional length of 545 mm, have - as the development work on site has shown - a very important function in terms of ground adhesion, filling quantity, lateral stability, even with the smallest surface area. The construction element according to the invention prevents the filling layer from mixing with the soft subsoil and enables a synergy between ecology and economy. This elastomechanical behavior means there is less soil compression with optimal load bearing.

It is therefore a reinforcement and covering system designed according to the modular principle for all structures in contact with the ground. The hexagonal honeycomb-like building elements can be easily laid both indoors and outdoors and firmly connected to one another using the integrated locking devices. The honeycomb elements form the basis for different filling options according to local requirements and the creative wishes of the users.

E133DE7 6 \

When laid out, the honeycomb elements are connected to one another so stably by the integrated locking devices that a consistently high static pontoon effect is achieved across the entire surface. The advantages are:

Extreme load capacity of up to 60 t/m^, suitable for heavy-duty transport;

short installation time, suitable for both professional and hobby installers;

Use of polypropylene: acid-resistant, abrasion- and impact-resistant, durable in the temperature range from -40° to +15O ⁰ C.

In addition to soil granules, sand and gravel - especially for indoor areas (offices, reception halls, stages, rooms, kitchens, bathrooms, corridors, conservatories, cellars, etc.) - waterproof body elements of various shapes and all common colors made of pure polypropylene or high-quality recycled plastics can also be used as filling material. The abutting honeycomb edges are welded together to make them waterproof after they have been laid out. A final sealing is also possible.

Flood-permeable body elements made of polypropylene, high-quality recycled plastics or DSD recycled plastics are intended primarily for outdoor areas. The water permeability prevents the unwanted sealing of the outdoor areas. An erosion-proof fleece laid under the honeycomb elements prevents collapses in the natural soil. These fillers or gravel, crushed stone, gravel lawn, sand, earth or the like are used for the architecturally diverse design of parking spaces, paths, driveways, courtyards, especially in residential areas or for the reinforcement of embankments, soundproof walls and green roofs. The use of the support or construction elements is also of particular importance.

E133DE7 -7- '. ''··''Il I ''"·*'*

as a joint area for concrete paving, which significantly improves the efficiency of paving!

For all variants for indoor and outdoor use, start and end elements complete the range. Due to different laying methods and freely selectable colors, there are no limits to creative room and surface design. The following properties are achieved by using high-quality plastics:

easy-care,

acid and extremely abrasion resistant,

heat and sound insulating,

hygienic,

suitable for drinking water, food safe and odourless,

UV-resistant.

In addition to the advantages mentioned, the system according to the invention also offers high cost savings compared to conventional construction

indoors by:

Direct installation on concrete ceilings -- no additional floor construction -- ,

easy, quick installation by non-qualified personnel,

Saving of additional insulation material,

low repair costs through element replacement,

outside:

4 0 % less substructure due to the mentioned pontoon effect,

easy, quick installation,

easy handling due to low weight,

E133DE7 -8-

environmentally friendly: no burden on the sewer system, but direct infiltration.

Finally, it should be noted that the support and construction elements according to the invention filled with polymer granules can also be used as drainage filters or the like.

E133DE7 -9- \ '· "··· ·· j 1

Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawings, which show in

Fig. 1: an oblique view of a building or supporting element with a hexagonal floor plan consisting of wall strips and cross walls with a cover plate;

Fig. 2: a section enlarged compared to Fig. 1 of wall strips of two support elements;

Fig. 3: an oblique view of several support elements joined together, one of which is shown without a cover plate;

Fig. 4: an enlarged detail from Fig. 3 in plan;

Fig. 5: an oblique view of the floor surface of two interconnected support elements, neglecting part of the wall strips and cross walls;

Fig. 6: the top view of a support element;

Fig. 7: an oblique view of another support element;

Fig. 8,9: each an oblique view of a surface with supporting elements;

Fig. 10: an enlarged support element from Fig. 9;
Fig. 11: another support element in oblique view;

Fig. 12: the top view of the support element of Fig. 11 .

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E133DE7 -10- t · ··· · ! : S · ..'

According to Fig. 1, a prefabricated support and expansion joint construction element 10 has a hexagonal floor plan made up of wall strips 12 with a side length a of about 310 mm and a height h of, for example, 85 mm, as well as transverse walls 14 of the same height h attached to the side in the middle, which intersect in the floor plan center Z and determine a cross-sectional width b of the support or construction element 10 of 545 mm here. The diameter for the construction circle of the six floor plan corners 13 then measures about 620 mm. The wall thickness, which is short compared to the height h, is designated with e.

From the upper and lower edges 16,18 of the wall strips 12 -- as shown in Fig. 1 at one point
Edge cutouts 20 are approximately rectangular in shape. In Fig. 2, these partially accommodate sleeve-like clamps or connecting locks 22, which connect two adjacent wall strips 12 of adjacent support elements 10. Otherwise, edge cutouts 20 are provided as cable passages only on the lower edges 18 of the wall strips 12 and the lower edges 15 of the transverse walls 14.

Towards the interior element 24, outside of those edge cutouts 20, foot-like base strips 26 are formed at right angles to the lower edges 18 of the wall strips 12 -- and to the lower edges 15 of the transverse walls 14 on both sides.

The interior space 24 of the element is divided into six filling pockets 28 by the transverse walls 14 and can be closed from above by means of a cover plate 30. This can rest on corner strips 32, which run parallel to the base strips 26 and are close to the upper edges 16 and which are provided with an opening 33 in Fig. 3 and are indicated there in only some of the corners formed by the wall strips 12. They correspond to further corner strips _32a on the lower edges 18. The openings 33 are fastening holes in the event that the building elements are to be installed at an angle.

E133DE7 -11- · ; "I ' I . ·. ..· ..*

In Fig. 3, in the area of the plan center Z of the building element 10 _a or on the element axis A laid through it, the transverse walls 14 abut radially against a pipe stump 32 surrounding the latter. The pipe stump 34, the pipe space 3 5 of which serves as a guideway for nailing the ground, can - as shown in one of the filling pockets 28 - be accompanied by part-circular ring strips 36, each of which runs between adjacent transverse walls 14. There, triangular-shaped formations 38 with hollow spaces 3 9 - delimited by flank walls 37 - can also be seen, each of which starts from the side center of the included wall strip 12 and whose tip adjoins a transverse wall 14. These formations 38 are equipped on the lower edges 18 with floor strips 32J ₃ parallel to the corner strips 32 _a . Such ones also surround the pipe stub 34 and are designated there with 32 _C.

In the extension of the transverse wall 14, an outer strip 40 with an arrow-shaped cross-section projects from the wall strip 12 in its vertical extension as a connecting element for further support elements 10; the outer strips 40 of height h are found on every second of the wall strips 12, and the wall strips 12 in between are equipped with longitudinal slots 42 in the area of the inwardly placed formations 38; a web 41 of one of the outer strips 40 of the support element 10 to be connected is inserted into the latter. The two wing strips 41 _a of the outer strip 40 then nestle against the inner surface 13 of the associated second wall strip 12 within its cavity 3 9.

In the embodiments of Fig. 3, each of the filling pockets 28 is covered with a correspondingly shaped cover plate _30a . In Fig. 7 _, the individual cover plates _30j3 are equipped with peripheral edges 44 of a height η adapted to the course of the wall strips 12 and the transverse walls 14, which are so

is dimensioned such that the peripheral edges 44 of the closed structural element 10}-, rest on the base strip 26 or the lower corner strip _32a and bottom strip 32]-, respectively; the upper corner strip 32 and the ring strip 36 are omitted here. The cover plate 30j ₁ , are filling elements made of recycled material.

Fig. 4 is intended to illustrate the shape of the outer strip 40 with a cantilever length i of 13 mm and its cross-section on a wall strip 12 with a thickness e of 3 mm. The cantilever length i also corresponds to the length of the wing strips _41a of the arrow cross-section. The clear cross-sectional height t of 22 mm of the cavity 39 can also be seen here, which is delimited by an isosceles triangle made up of a section of the wall strip 12 and two flank walls 37, which form the above-mentioned formation 38. The width f of the accompanying floor strip 32]- is given as 10 mm.

In order to illustrate the system of base strips 26 and bottom strips 32^32}-, _{which counteracts} a sinking of the component 10,10a, superfluous element parts are neglected in Fig. 5 for this illustration.

Fig. 8 shows a floor area covered with the building elements described above. On the left edge of the figure, unfilled support or building elements 10 _a are provided, at 4 8 a common covering for several building elements 10 is indicated, at 50 a tree disk and finally at 52 a lawn filling. Fig. 9 shows an area with building elements 10 _c of a different design; these can be seen in detail in Figs. 10, 11.

The support or structural element 10 _c differs from the structural element 10 _a of Fig. 3 to 5 by part-circular - instead of rectangular -- edge cutouts at the bottom, but above all by six additional support walls 45, which extend radially from the pipe stump 34 to the walls formed by the wall strips 12.

E133DE7 -13- · : "I * J * .·. ..' ..*

formed corners. Support strips 46 extend from the junctions of the flank walls 37 with the transverse walls 14, two of which form a cross with a support wall 45 in plan view.

In the embodiment 10,-j of Fig. 11,12, those supporting walls 45 are missing; the support strips connect two nodes with each other without interruption.

The support strips 46 form a hexagon within the support element 10^ as reinforcement. The support strips 46 run at a distance &zgr; from the lower edge 15 of the transverse walls 14; the distance &zgr; measures approximately one third of the strip height h, so that the height q of the support strip 46 flush with the upper edges 16 is approximately two thirds of that strip height h.

Also worth mentioning are -- in Fig. 9 recognizable
Edge supplementary elements 11, one of which is raised laterally; it is an isosceles triangle made up of two wall strips 12 and an outer wall 47 of the same height, which are formed by wall stumps _14a onto the central formations 38 of those wall strips 12. The outer wall 47 does not contain any edge cutouts 20.

The support or expansion joint element 10.10 _a to 10 d described is used for renaturation in road and landscape construction, in the construction of parking spaces, green roofs and soundproof walls. It is made of recyclable materials such as PE, PU, PA, PP and offers high water permeability while simultaneously supporting heavy loads of up to 200 tons.

Claims (26)

E133DE7 -14i- CLAIMS 1. Construction element (10,10 _a to 10^) for the production of surfaces, in particular surfaces in road and landscape construction, with a hexagonal ground plan of equal side length (a) and rectangular wall surfaces (12), characterized, that six wall strips (12) arranged on the ground plan delimit an element interior (24) in a ring-like manner, to which transverse walls (14) delimiting the filling pockets (28) are connected. 2. Construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse walls (14) intersecting in the plan center (Z) are formed onto the wall strips (12) in the middle of their sides. 3. Construction element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is formed from recycled materials. 4. Construction element according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the element interior (24) or each of the filling pockets (28) is spanned by a cover plate (30 or 30 _a , 30j ₃ ). 5. Construction element according to claim 4, characterized in that the cover plate (30] ₃ ) has a peripheral edge (44) adapted to the limiting parts (12, 14) of its filling pocket (28), the height (n) of which corresponds approximately to the strip height (h) of the construction element (10]-,). E133DE7 -15&id; * *··· · · 6. Construction element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by a strip height (h) of the wall strips (12) of about 85 mm and an approximately six-fold cross-sectional width (b) of the construction element (10, 10 _a to 10 (j) · 7. Construction element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that edge recesses (20) extend from the edges (16, 18) of the wall strips (12). 8. Component according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by approximately at right angles from the surfaces of the wall strips (12) and/or the transverse walls (14) in the area of their lower edges (18,15) projecting towards the filling pockets (28) base strips (26), which are interrupted by the edge recesses (2 0). 9. Building element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by corner strips (32 or _32a ) which are formed parallel to the base strips (26) on two adjacent wall strips (12) of the building element (10) near their upper edge (16) and/or their lower edge (18). 10. Component according to claim 9, characterized in that the corner strips (32) are provided near the upper edge (18) of the component (10, _10a ). 11. Construction element according to claim 7, characterized in that edge recesses (20) on the two edges (16, 18) of the wall strips (12) are arranged opposite one another in pairs. E133DE7 -16* : "I * II I * **! 12. Component according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that in at least one pair of the edge recesses (2 0) clamp-like locking locks (22) are inserted, which each encompass two adjacent wall strips (12) of adjacent building elements (10) in strip-like manner. 13. Component according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that an outer strip (40) extending at the height (h) of at least one wall strip (12) protrudes as a connecting element from the outer surface of the wall strip (12). 14. Construction element according to claim 13, characterized by an arrow-like cross-section of the outer strip (40) provided in the middle of the side with (12) projecting web (41) and wing strips (41 _a ) projecting to the side thereof, which are cross-sectionally inclined towards the wall strip. 15. Construction element according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that three of its wall strips (12) are connected to the outer strip (40) and the three wall strips (12) arranged between them are connected to a slot (42) running between the upper and lower edges (16, 18) for receiving the web (41) of an outer strip (40) of another component in the middle of the side. 16. Component according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that at least the area of the inner surface of the wall strip (12) adjacent to the slot (42) is part of a hollow column-like formation (38) with an approximately triangular cross section, to the tip of which a transverse wall (14) is connected. E133DE7 -i7j :*·:·:: : · ·*&idigr; " 17. Construction element according to claim 16, characterized in that two flank walls (37) extending from the wall strip (12) form an approximately isosceles triangle with a section of the wall strip. 18. Construction element according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that on the flank walls (37) there run floor strips (32]-,) corresponding to the corner strips ( _32a ). 19. Component according to claim 13 or 16, characterized in that an outer strip (40) of an adjacent component (10) can be inserted into the cavity (39) of the formation (38). 20. Construction element according to at least one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that in the center of the plan (Z) a pipe stump (34) runs, to which the transverse walls (14) are connected radially. 21. Construction element according to claim 9, 18 or 19, characterized in that ring strips (36 or 32 _C ) corresponding to the corner strips (32) and/or the base strip (32 ^) are placed around the pipe stump (34). 22. Construction element according to claim 9, 18 or 21, characterized in that the corner, base and/or ring strips (32, 36) are provided with an opening (33) as a fastening eyelet. 23. Component according to at least one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that two formations (38) are connected by a support strip (46). 24. Component according to claim 23, characterized in that the support strips (46) form a hexagon within the component ( _10c , 10ci). E133DE7 -18· · *··· * · " \ ' * "I *'*! 25. Construction element according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the height (q) of the support strips (46) is less than the height (h) of the wall strips (12) and the upper edge of the support strip is flush with the upper edge (16) of the wall strips. 26. Construction element according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that each support strip (46) is crossed by a support wall (47) which connects the pipe stump (34) to a corner formed by two wall strips (12).