DE293585C - - Google Patents

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Publication number
DE293585C
DE293585C DENDAT293585D DE293585DA DE293585C DE 293585 C DE293585 C DE 293585C DE NDAT293585 D DENDAT293585 D DE NDAT293585D DE 293585D A DE293585D A DE 293585DA DE 293585 C DE293585 C DE 293585C
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
catalyzing
chromium
oxides
mixtures
nitrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
DENDAT293585D
Other languages
German (de)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Publication of DE293585C publication Critical patent/DE293585C/de
Priority claimed from US842954A external-priority patent/US1330772A/en
Active legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
    • C10K3/02—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
    • C10K3/04—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment reducing the carbon monoxide content, e.g. water-gas shift [WGS]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • B01J23/86—Chromium
    • B01J23/862—Iron and chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
    • C01B3/12—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
    • C01B3/16—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0435—Catalytic purification
    • C01B2203/045—Purification by catalytic desulfurisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
    • C01B2203/0485—Composition of the impurity the impurity being a sulfur compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
    • C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1076—Copper or zinc-based catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1094—Promotors or activators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMTPATENT OFFICE

In der Patentschrift 279582 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wasserstoff durch katalytische Umsetzung von Kohlenoxyd-Was-. serdampfgemischen beschrieben, bei welchem Kontaktmassen verwendet werden, die neben dem katalysierenden Metall oder Oxyd oder Gemischen solcher untereinander oder mit anderen Körpern aktivierende Körper'^ insbesondere Sauerstoffverbindungen des Chroms, Thoriums, .Urans, Berylliums, Antimons u, dgl. oder Gemische solcher enthalten.In the patent specification 279582 is a process for the production of hydrogen by catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide water. steam mixtures described in which Contact masses are used in addition to the catalyzing metal or oxide or Mixtures of these activating bodies with one another or with other bodies, in particular chromium oxygen compounds, Thoriums, uranium, beryllium, antimony and the like, or mixtures thereof.

Es hat sich nun gezeigt, daß bei diesem Verfahren im Falle der Verwendung von solchen katalysierenden Metallen oder Oxyden, die an sich nur verhältnismäßig wenig wirksam sind, zweckmäßig ein solcher Zusatz, gewählt wird, dessen Metall in chemischer Hinsicht, insbesondere bezüglich Valenz, Basizität, Reduktionsfähigkeit u. dgl., von demjenigen der katalysierenden Substanz stark verschieden ist. Man erhält auf diese Weise auch bei Verwendung von Zink, Blei, Kupfer, Mangan, Vanadium, Titan usw. oder deren Verbindungen Kontaktmassen, die selbst bei niedrigerIt has now been shown that in this method in the case of the use of such catalyzing metals or oxides, which in themselves are only relatively ineffective are, expediently such an additive, is chosen whose metal in chemical terms, in particular with regard to valence, basicity, reducibility and the like, of that of catalyzing substance is very different. In this way you also get at Use of zinc, lead, copper, manganese, vanadium, titanium, etc. or their compounds Contact masses even at lower

Temperatur eine vorzügliche Wirksamkeit aufweisen. Es können auch Gemische von mehreren Oxyden verwendet werden. Die Beeinflussung ist unter Umständen eine wechselseitige, indem jeder der Bestandteile für sich eine geringe katalytische Wirksamkeit besitzenTemperature have excellent effectiveness. Mixtures of several oxides can also be used. The influencing is possibly a reciprocal one, adding each of the constituent parts for itself have a low catalytic effectiveness

kann, während das Gemisch eine sehr gute Umsetzung bewirkt. Die Mengenverhältnisse der Gemische können in weiten Grenzen geändert werden.can, while the mixture causes a very good conversion. The proportions the mixtures can be changed within wide limits.

Beispiele: .Examples:.

1. Zinkoxyd wird mit der doppelten Menge , Chromnitrat gemischt und das Gemisch unter , Rühren zur Zersetzung des Nitrates erhitzt. Das Produkt wird in körniger Form in den 40 Kontaktofen gefüllt und liefert beim Überlei- ■ ten von Wassergas-Wasserdampf bei Temperaturen zwischen 400 und 600 ° eine gute Um- ■ Setzung zu Kohlensäure und Wasserstoff. ,1. Zinc oxide is used in double the amount, Chromium nitrate mixed and the mixture heated while stirring to decompose the nitrate. The product is filled into the 40 contact furnace in granular form and delivers when transferred water gas-steam at temperatures between 400 and 600 ° a good change Formation of carbonic acid and hydrogen. ,

Man kann zur Herstellung der Kontakt- 45 masse auch Chromsalze, wie Nitrat, Acetat r usw., mit Ammoniak fällen, das Hydroxyd \ mit gefälltem . Zinkoxyd mischen, formen, trocknen usw.; auch kann man als Aktivator ; z. B. Berylliumoxyd verwenden. 56One can for the preparation of the contact mass 45 also chromium salts such as nitrate, acetate, etc. r, cases with ammonia, the hydroxide \ with precipitated. Mixing, shaping, drying, etc .; zinc oxide; also can be used as an activator ; z. B. use beryllium oxide. 56

2. 3 Teile Bleinitrat oder -acetat und 1 Teil Urannitrat werden gelöst und mit Ammoniak ^ gefällt. Man filtriert, formt den mäßig getrockneten Niederschlag und erhitzt. Die ' Formstücke werden wie nach Beispiel 1 ver-, 55 wendet. ....·.'·".. . .; '■..;.*■■2. 3 parts of lead nitrate or acetate and 1 part Uranium nitrates are dissolved and precipitated with ammonia. It is filtered, the moderately dried precipitate is formed and heated. The ' Fittings are made as in Example 1, 55 turns. .... ·. '· "....;' ■ ..;. * ■■

3. 2 Teile Kupfernitrat und ι Teil·Zirkon-: nitrat werden in Wasser gelöst und mit Kaliumkarbonat in der Wärme gefällt; man filtriert, wäscht das Alkalisalz ganz oder teil- 603. 2 parts of copper nitrate and ι part · zirconium-: nitrates are dissolved in water and precipitated with potassium carbonate in the heat; one filters, washes the alkali salt completely or partially

weise aus, formt, trocknet und verwendet die Masse, wie oben rangegeben., from, f ormt, dried and used the composition as further specified above.

Entsprechend verfährt man bei Verwendung anderer, an sich wenig wirksamer Metalle oder Oxyde bzw. anderer aktivierender Zusätze; es seien als Beispiele wirksamer Massen noch die gemischten Oxyde von Mangan-Chrom, Titan-Antimon, Vanadin-Chrom, Chrom-Thorium genannt. Vielfach ist es vorteilhaft, noch Stoffe, wie Tonerde, kleine Mengen Alkalikarbonat o. dgl., als bindende oder die Porosität erhöhende bzw. aktivierende Stoffe zuzusetzen; The same procedure is used when using other metals or metals which are less effective per se Oxides or other activating additives; as examples of effective masses there are still those called mixed oxides of manganese-chromium, titanium-antimony, vanadium-chromium, chromium-thorium. In many cases it is advantageous to add substances such as alumina, small amounts of alkali metal carbonate or the like to be added as binding or porosity-increasing or activating substances;

Claims (1)

. . Patent-Anspruch: .'. . Patent Claim:. ' Ausführungsform des Verfahrens gemäß Patent 279582, darin bestehend, daß im Falle der Verwendung solcher katalysierender Metalle oder Oxyde, die an sich verhältnismäßig wenig wirksam sind, ein derartiger Zusatz gewählt wird, dessen Metall in chemischer Hinsicht, insbesondere be- ; züglich Valenz, Basizität, Reduktionsfähigkeit ti, dgl., von demjenigen der katalysierenden Substanz stark verschieden ist. Embodiment of the method according to patent 279582, consisting in that im In the case of the use of such catalyzing metals or oxides, which are relatively ineffective per se, such an additive is chosen whose metal in chemical terms, in particular loading; in terms of valence, basicity, ability to reduce ti, the like, is very different from that of the catalyzing substance. >/■ ■' ■ '.--1\ :■'■.'■ ΐ> / ■ ■ '■' .-- 1 \ : ■ '■.' ■ ΐ
DENDAT293585D 1913-12-04 Active DE293585C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB91327963T 1913-12-04
US842954A US1330772A (en) 1914-06-04 1914-06-04 Producing hydrogen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE293585C true DE293585C (en)

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Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DENDAT282849D Active DE282849C (en) 1913-12-04
DENDAT279582D Active DE279582C (en) 1913-12-04
DENDAT293585D Active DE293585C (en) 1913-12-04
DENDAT300032D Active DE300032C (en) 1913-12-04

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DENDAT279582D Active DE279582C (en) 1913-12-04

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DE (4) DE300032C (en)
GB (1) GB191327963A (en)
NL (1) NL2513C (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1149486B (en) * 1958-08-18 1963-05-30 Carves Simon Ltd Process for the catalytic treatment of fuel gases containing carbon monoxide and organic sulfur compounds

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB191327963A (en) 1915-07-15
DE300032C (en)
DE282849C (en)
NL2513C (en)
DE279582C (en)

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