DE2931975A1 - MOLDING FORMING CERAMIC MATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

2931S75

IDEAL-STANDARD GmbH Euskirchener Strasse 80 53 Bonn

Casting mold for casting ceramic material

The invention relates to a casting mold for casting ceramic material in slurry form, and more particularly, although not exclusively for the casting of sanitary ware made of sanitary ware.

It is known to form a hole in an article during casting by placing a pin or in a casting mold Metal or plaster of paris rod is provided which bridges the mold cavity between opposing walls forms, and is removed after casting either separately or with one of the mold parts to the cast Leaving a hole in the article.

According to the invention a casting mold for casting ceramic material in slip form is provided, of which at least a portion is designed for casting a hollow casting region in the article cast in the casting mold, and which is characterized in that the portion of the casting mold which forms the hollow casting region is provided with one or more projections, each of which has the shape of a pin, tenon or dowel or a rib and consists of a material on which the pasty mass does not pull fragments, the or each projection protruding into the mold cavity in this way, that his free end or his

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free edge lies in the area of the cavity in which the hollow Molding area is formed in the article and wherein the or each protrusion can be removed after molding leaving a hole or slot in the wall of the hollow molding area of the article.

The protrusion can be rigid provided that the casting mold construction it allows it to be eliminated in the direction exactly following the line of projection of the hole or slot or the protrusion can be flexible.

Furthermore, the projection can have parallel sides, pointed taper or have another changing cross-section and can, if it is the shape of a pin, tenon or Dowel has a circular cross-section or any other cross-sectional shape, provided that the projection can be withdrawn from the article after casting; this elimination can thereby be made possible or facilitated be that the projection is made of an elastically flexible material. If the or every head start has the shape of a rib, which can be straight or curved, a corresponding one becomes straight or curved Slit is formed in the wall of the hollow casting area of the article.

The protrusion can be attached to or in part of the mold or can be loosely in or on part of the mold may be arranged, and ei "may be separate from or connected to other projections. In addition, the Protrusion be designed so that it can either be eliminated or withdrawn from the article after molding before or after or simultaneously with the removal or separation of the adjacent mold section, that is, that part of the mold which forms the wall of the hollow mold area of the article.

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The invention is particularly applicable to the pouring of a closed rim of flushing water for a toilet bowl, a bidet or urinal, either if such a rim is cast separately for subsequent assembly with a separately cast bowl, or if such a rim is poured in one piece with the bowl. In both cases, the rinse water edge should be a number in the end product have small holes or slots that are distributed over the underside of the edge to flush water when in use of the water closet down over the inside surface of the bowl. So far, such holes or slots are in applied to the rim immediately after casting, while the article had not yet dried or hardened. According to conventional practice, a separately cast rim is cast in a suitably shaped mold to provide a hollow cast, imperforate (apart from one outlet opening to divert excess mass from the hollow casting area) to form a closed rim, and then become After opening the mold, the holes were punched in the desired distribution over the edge. There? Stabbing is done either by a Machine that makes all the holes at the same time, or the holes are punched individually by a worker, who uses a template to make sure the holes are grounded in the correct place.

If the rim of the rinsing water is poured in one piece with the bowl, it is again traditionally poured imperforate (apart from the excess slip drainage opening) and then stings ör _: worker - at a position of the casting mold in which the V (C is upright and the upper one The mold part and the inner core parts have been eliminated - the holes in the rim by poking a tubular hole plug up from below the rim and rotating the piercer so that it drills the small hole, the process being repeated one after the other around the rim will and with it

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a template in the form of an oval ring with holes distributed or spaced apart is used; the alternative to a tubular piercer is a solid, pointed piercer that is simply pushed into the soft wall material.

The mentioned methods have several disadvantages. First, it is difficult and difficult with a tubular piercer It is impossible to make the holes cleanly with a solid piercer, since the tubular piercer makes the v / oak when entering GußiT.material presses a little inwards where the hole is formed, and with a massive piercer it remains open On the inside of the flushing rim, a jagged edge around the hole as a result of the piercing of the piercer through the cast wall. While that jagged ring or a really deformed hole opening below the edge is not visible when in use, it affects the rinsing behavior. Second, since the editor can use the stencil stop while he also performs the piercing., the exact one Positioning of the holes will vary and this depends on the exercise and diligence of the worker. Third, the template leads

the piercer not always exactly, so that it can be inserted at an angle to the correct direction, which in turn the rinsing behavior is impaired. Fourth, piercing the holes is unpleasant and therefore time-consuming Activity, since the operator has to reach into the bowl to push the holes upwards while he is at the same time must be careful not to damage the inner surface of the bowl, which is still soft.

Even if the holes are punched by a machine in the separately cast rim, the piercing is more delicate Process, and the holes are still not formed properly.

030008 / 080S

According to the invention, the holes in the flushing water rim are formed cleanly and with a precisely determined spacing and precise orientation during casting by providing a series of pins or tenons on or in the part of the casting mold which forms the lower wall of the flushing rim. In practice, the pins are provided on or in the core pieces that form the inside surface of the bowl and the underside of the rim, and extend upwardly by an amount out which is greater than the wall thickness of the edge. If one or more slots are to be formed in the rim in addition to the holes or instead of the holes, then a rib or ribs are provided in addition to the tenons or instead of the tenons.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pins, tenons, dowels or ribs are each made of an elastically flexible material, so that when the mold part (e.g. a core) is removed, the tenons or ribs are attached to or in which they are attached during retraction may be a little bend, and thus damage to the sides and edges of each hole or slot is avoided. This embodiment allows even a retraction of the pin in a slightly inclined to the direction of the hole direction without damage to cause, and thus allows a core having a plurality of pins which protrude under slightly different angles.

In an alternative preferred embodiment, the pins, pegs or jugs, which are made of elastically flexible material, are detachably arranged in the mold part: for example, several pegs, which are connected in a common holder or with a connecting strip , can pass through corresponding holes of the mold part protrude. In

in this case the pins are pulled out of the article and the mold part before it is separated from the article.

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2931Ö75

Embodiments of the invention are based on the following of the drawings. It shows:

Figure 1

Figure 2

Fiour 3

For 4

characters

4A and 4B

F i au r 5

Figure 6

F i au r /

a side view with a view of a casting mold for pouring a toilet bowl with an integrated Dishwashing rim:

the edge mold part of the mold of Figure 1 which has its inner core and a number of separate core pieces assembled:

one of the side core pieces, that of the arrangement is removed in Figure 1:

a partial sectional view of part of the mold during casting;

Details of an alternative embodiment of the mold :

a cut-open view of a toilet bowl, which is eaten in the mold of Figure 1, with the core pieces before their disposal:

a detail of Figure 5 showing holes in the rinse water rim: and

a section of a mold for casting a separate rim of water.

The mold shown in Figure 1 is for pouring a water closet bowl designed, which has a one-piece ueschlousenen rinsing water rim, a bowl section and has an integrated S or P lock. The mold comprises two side parts 10, only one of which is shown is, and which are substantially symmetrical to a vertical parting plane and each half the exterior of the toilet bowl mold, a lower core or shoe 11, an edge mold part 12 which fits over the side parts 10 and is formed integrally with a core 13, which down into the mold cavity around the inside surface of a

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- 40 -

Part of the bowl and five loose core pieces 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 that sit around core 13 and shape the top of the inside of the bowl and the bottom wall of the closed rim.

The loose core pieces 14 to 18 are designed so that they together with the core 13 correspond to the contours of the inside of the bowl, and sit in a step-shaped Recess 19 of the core 13 - see Figure 2 -, the core pieces 14 to 18 during the casting by corresponding Spring parts 20 are held on the edge mold part 13. The spring parts 20 are simply coil springs that are extend through holes 21 in the rim mold part 13, one end of which is attached to the associated core piece and its other end carries a small cross bar 22, which is pulled through the hole 21 and rotated to sit across the hole 21 and so the spring under To keep tension. This type of spring member is conventional and only provides a means of holding the loose ones Core pieces 14 to 18; other methods such as wire loops and wedges or threaded bolts could be used will.

The core pieces include a back wall piece 14 and four lower edge pieces 15-18, namely piece 15 which fits on top of back wall piece 14 (relative to the upright position of the molded article as shown in Figure 1) and by the spring tension acting on piece 14 is held, two roughly segment-shaped side pieces 16 and 18 and a roughly wedge-shaped front piece 17. The four lower edge pieces 15 to 18 each have a large number of short, flexible rubber pegs 30 that protrude upward from the surface of the corresponding core pieces, which the lower wall of the Edge forms; these pegs 30 are in suitable holes

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inserted into the core pieces, but know to be cast in other embodiments when the core pieces are cast. The pins 30 on the two side pieces 16 and 18 and are Before tee \ ~> all identical, with a total of 37 pins in this Ausführungsfοιέ at regular 7-ibständen are provided over the edge: the four pins 30 on the rear piece 15 a slightly larger diameter than the pegs 30 on the core pieces to provide correspondingly larger diameter holes in the flushing rim for a larger flow of cash on the back of the bowl. These four pin of larger diameter could be replaced by a single rib, which extends over the same length as the series of four pins to a single slot instead of four holes to ti Iden.

In the alternative embodiment. 4A and 4B, the pegs 30 are not inserted or cast into the core pieces, but are detachable anaeord.net in corresponding holes 50 in the core pieces by being inserted from below through a hollowed out section 51 of the core piece. In this way, a number of pins 30 can v.'erden connected to each other on a common base strip 52, said pin and the base strip 52, an integrally molded flexible member ti] the.

In a specific construction, all of the tenons 30 protrude about 18 mm above the casting surface of the core piece, and the Smaller diameter pins on the core pieces 16, 17 are about 6.5 microns in diameter, all of which Spigot made of rubber: made up of another elastically flexible material.

Q3Q0Q8 / Ö8Q5

For a casting process, the casting mold is filled with a pulpy mass under pressure, and then a downtime is allowed to pass while the casserole from the slip is absorbed by the plaster of the casting mold parts. In this casting stage, the casting mold can be positioned upright, as shown in FIG. 1, or vice versa.

During the standstill period, the wall thickness of the molded article is built up, and then the excess slurry The closed edge 31 is discharged through an appropriate opening from the mold after a predetermined time (see Figure 4 or Figure 4A) is an opening at the back of the rim also drained, that is, slurry is drained off, leaving a cast wall thickness of, for example, 10-12 mm. As shown in Figures 4 and 4A, the pins 30 protrude into the mold cavity or cavity in such a way that their free ends lie in the hollow casting area within the closed edge.

After draining, the mold is opened and the article removed: this is done in the upright position of the article. First, the spring parts 20 are released, and the edge mold part 12 with the main core 13 integral therewith is lifted off; the five loose core pieces 14 to 18 remain around the inside of the bowl, as shown in FIG. If the pegs 30 are fixed in the core pieces, then the following procedure is used: the rear wall piece 14 becomes the center of the bowl

/if
pulled towards and removed from the core 15, it is lifted out and the core 15 is then pulled down at a suitable angle to pull the four larger diameter rubber plugs 30 out of the four corresponding holes in the rim; when the cones

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30 are out of the holes, the core piece 15 is lifted out. The front piece 17 is then pulled downwards at an appropriate angle to make the pegs 30 smaller Diameter from their respective holes, and when the pegs 30 are free then the front piece 17 lifted out. In this regard, it stands to reason that the Side surfaces 32 of the wedge-shaped core piece 17 and the corresponding side surfaces of the rear core piece 15 must be aligned to allow these pieces pull down and free the pegs 30 without moving the side pieces 16 and 18.

Finally, the two side pieces 16 and 18 are removed by first pulling each piece down to close the Withdraw peg 30 from the holes in the rim.

Because of the fact that the tenons 30 are somewhat flexible, it is not necessary that all of the tenons in each core piece be accurate are parallel, or that the direction of retraction is actually precisely aligned because the pins 30 are retracted bend slightly without deforming the soft clay material around the holes.

After removing all core pieces 14 to 18, the mold side parts 10 separated and the article removed.

In the alternative case where the tenons 30 are removably disposed in the core pieces, as shown in Figures 4A and 4B , the process begins with removing the sets of tenons 30 by inserting each set on its base strip 52 into the hollowed out portion 51 is pulled down, thereby withdrawing the pegs 30 from the wall of the hollow casting area 31 and from the holes in the core. When all the sets of tenons are eliminated in this way, the core pieces can turn on

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removed the conventional way. While sentences of cones have been spoken of, it is possible to use all cones

30 on a single element in the form of a complete Ring to be provided.

As shown in Figure 6, the quality is that in the margin

31 formed holes 33 far superior to the holes formed by previously used methods. The top and bottom Edges of the holes are neatly formed, and the placement and orientation are correct for all of the holes. In contrast Figure 6 shows two holes 35 which have been punched with a solid piercer, resulting in jagged ones Edges leads. Furthermore, through the inventive design of the holes for these, there are no subsequent ones at all Grooving work needed.

An advantage of using sets of tenons attached to a common base strip is that such an element has a very long useful life and can be used for successive mold parts that need to be replaced after a number of molding operations.

The embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 relate to a water closet bowl with a straight flushing movement, the holes in the flushing rim on the sides of the bowl being pointed directly downwards. However, it would be possible to use the same principle of protruding pegs to make holes to create a vortex movement. In this case the pins 30 would all be inclined in the same direction, roughly at the same helix angle to a vertical axis. In this case, the core pieces would be designed to be removed by twisting as the pegs are retracted downward from the holes in the rim.

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Figure 7 shows a second embodiment in which the invention is applied to a mold for forming a separately fabricated rim. The mold is ring-shaped and more closed for the whole. Edge and the rear section of the cash register bowl »that is, the section where the seat will be attached, and at Korbinationsnoäelisr! -the section on which the cistern rests. ^The mold is formed from two parts, an upper part 40 for forming the upper wall and the side walls of the closed edge and a lower part 41 for forming the lower wall of the closed edge. A plurality of protruding rubber pegs 43, which act in the same way as the pegs 30 of the first embodiment, are arranged at intervals over the edge-forming section of the lower part 41. After pouring and draining the ÜLerschuPsc-licker - with any side of the casting mold facing upwards - the casting mold is opened by placing it with the cast edge upside down and then lifting the lower part 41 directly upwards to remove all pins 43 from the holes to withdraw. In a flushing edge, which is designed to generate a vortex movement, the pins are again inclined, and the lower part 41 must be rotated when lifting. The separately produced edge is then - as long as it is still in the unsecured state, on a. Bowl section pushed open to form the full l''s toilet bowl.

As with the alternative shown in Figures 4A and 4E Embodiment would be possible instead of the individual Pin 43, as shown in Figure 7, use one or more sets of pins that share a common Base strips 52 are connected, with the pegs in corresponding Holes in the lower part 41 are removably arranged.

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While the above embodiments relate to water closets cover with closed edges,

it will be understood that the invention is equally applicable to a mold for casting any article with the like perforated flushing rim, e.g. urinals or bidets. In fact, the invention does not even apply to molds for casting such article is limited but would be applicable to any case in which a hole is made in a hollow cast area and in which earlier this hole had to be punched, provided that the mold could be designed accordingly be to pulling out the pin, tenon or Dowel or rib that forms the hole or slot.

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Claims (13)

2S31C75 claims: 1.) Casting mold for the caster, of more ceramic material in Schlickertorir., Of which at least a section is designed for casting a hollow casting area in the article being cast in the casting mold, characterized in that the section (15, 16, 17,18,51 , 41) of the mold that forms the hollow casting area with egg. η em or more projections (30,4 3) is provided, each of which has the shape of a pin, tenon or dowel or a rib and of a. There is material on which: the pulpy mass does not pull fragments, the or each projection protruding into the mold cavity in such a way that its free end or its free edge lies in the region of the cavity in which the hollow casting area is formed in the article, and wherein the or each protrusion can be removed after molding to leave a hole (33) or slot in the front of the hollow molding area of the article. 2. Casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the one or more projections are made of flexible resilient material. 3. Casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the one or more projections are made of rigid material. 4. Casting mold according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the protrusion or protrusions have parallel sides 5. Casting mold according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the projection or projections taper or have a different alternating cross-section. 030008/0805 - 2931S75 6. Casting mold according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the projection or projections have the shape of a rib which is straight or curved. 7. Casting mold according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the projection or projections are fastened in or on a part (15,16,17,18) of the casting mold. 8. Casting mold according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the one or more projections in or on one Part (51) of the casting mold are arranged removably. 9. Casting mold according to claim 8, characterized in that a plurality of projections is provided, which with each other are connected. 10. Casting mold according to claim 1 for casting a water closet bowl, a bidets, urinals or other sanitary ware with a one-piece cast, closed rim for Distributing rinse water, characterized in that the portion of the mold used for casting the wall of the closed Edge is designed, which should be perforated in the end product, is provided with a plurality of projections a material on which the slip does not pull fragments, with each protrusion in the part of the mold cavity which forms the closed edge, protrudes so that its free end lies in the area in which the hollow cast area is inside of the closed rim, and with any protrusions removable from the article after molding to form a Leaving a multitude of holes or slits in the wall of the closed rim. 11. Casting mold according to claim 10, characterized in that the projections are provided in core pieces (15,16,17,18) which are designed for pouring the inside of the bowl and the bottom edge of the closed rim. 030008/0805 2931S75 --rs - 12. Casting mold according to claim 11, characterized in that the projections are connected to one another in sets a common base (52) attached, each protrusion in a corresponding hole (51) in the core piece (51) is removable. 13. Casting mold according to claim 1 for casting a separately cast closed edge for flushing water, which is to be mixed with a bowl or the like. To a sanitary article such as for example to form a toilet bowl, bidet or urinal, characterized in that the portion (41) of the Mold designed to cast the wall of the closed rim that should be perforated in the end product, rr is provided with a plurality of projections (43). made of a material on which the slip does not pull fragments, v; each projection protrudes into the mold cavity in such a way that its free end lies in the area in which the hollow casting area is molded within the closed rim and with any protrusions removable from the article after molding, to leave a multitude of holes or slots in the wall of the closed rim. 030008/0805