DE2843583A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum entschluesseln verschluesselter nachrichten - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum entschluesseln verschluesselter nachrichtenInfo
- Publication number
- DE2843583A1 DE2843583A1 DE19782843583 DE2843583A DE2843583A1 DE 2843583 A1 DE2843583 A1 DE 2843583A1 DE 19782843583 DE19782843583 DE 19782843583 DE 2843583 A DE2843583 A DE 2843583A DE 2843583 A1 DE2843583 A1 DE 2843583A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- message
- key
- public
- recipient
- mod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251730 Chondrichthyes Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000001613 Gambling Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/30—Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert or user's encryption keys not requiring secrecy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
- H04L9/3247—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving digital signatures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
- H04L2209/08—Randomization, e.g. dummy operations or using noise
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Storage Device Security (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Description
Größenordnung von etwa 10 liegt.
gilt.
U | V | Zähler | q |
1110 | 1000 | 1 | 1 |
0110 | 0100 | 0 | 1 |
0010 | Ende |
= 3*5
i | S (in binärer Form) | R | B |
0 | 10010 | 1 | 7 |
1 | 01001 | 1 | 3 |
2 | 00100 | 3 | 9 |
3 | 00010 | 3 | 12 |
4 | 00001 | 3 | 6 |
5 | 00000 | 18 | 13 |
der einfachen Berechnung von 7 modulo 23 gewonnen wird, daß sich jedoch hier niemals große Zahlen ergeben.
1 | 9 | 2 | 4 | 16 | 1 |
2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
3 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
4 | 1 | 1/2 |
f± x = w (mod p), (Kg1Cw)^p1-I (35)
y=1O. Dann ist p-1 = 2·3 und p^=2, n,j=1, p2=3 und n2=2. Um x(mod p^ 1) = x(mod 2) zu berechnen, ist es erforderlich, y(P-1)/Pi = 0,9 _ 512 = -is (m0(ä 19) so 2U berechnen, daß b^=1 und χ (mod 2) =2=1, d.h. daß χ ungeradzahlig ist. Hierauf wird erneut nach dem Fließbild in Fig. 13 für p„ β 3 n- = 2 wie folgt vorgegangen, wobei ß=10, da 2 χ 10 = 20 = 1 mod 19; ferner gilt γ2 = °° = 7 und
Z | B | η | ϋ | W | b |
10 | 10 | 6 | 0 | 11 | 2 |
12 | 12 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 2 |
18 | 18 | 2/3 | 2 |
Claims (7)
- P*.TE,v|TANWÄLT£SCHIFF ν. FÜNER STREHL SCHÜBEL-HOPF EBBINGHAUS FINCKMARIAHILFPLATZ 0. & 3, MÜNCHEN BOKARU LUDWIG SCHIFFDIPL. CHEM. DR. ALEXANDER V. FÜNERDIPL. ING. PETER STREHLDIPL. CHEM. DR. URSULA SCHÜBEL-HOPFDIPL. ING. DIETER EBBINGHAUSDR. INS. DIETER FINCKTELEFON (OBS) 4Β·2ΟΒ4TELEX 5-23 66B AURO DTELEGRAMME AUROMARCPAT MÜNCHENTHE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE DEA-14348LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY 5· Oktober 1978Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entschlüsseln verschlüsselter NachrichtenPATENTANSPRÜCHEΛ J Vorrichtung zum Entschlüsseln einer verschlüsselten Nachricht, die über einen nicht gesicherten Nachrichtenübertragungskanal empfangen wird, welcher einen Eingang aufweist, dem die verschlüsselte Nachricht zugeführt wird, die mittels einer Verschlüsselungstransformation verschlüsselt wird, bei welcher eine geheimzuhaltende Nachricht unter Benutzung eines öffentlichen Verschlüsselungscodes transformiert v/ird, wobei einem weiteren Eingang ein geheimer Entschlüsselungscode zugeführt wird, und wobei ein Ausgang zum Erzeugen der Nachricht vorhanden ist, g e -909819/0603ORIGINAL INSPECTEDkennzeichnet durch zum Umkehren der Verschlüsselungstransformation dienende Einrichtungen mit einem Eingang zum Zuführen der verschlüsselten Nachricht, einem weiteren Eingang zum Zuführen des geheimen Entschlüsselungs codes und einem Ausgang zum Erzeugen der Umkehrung der verschlüssalten Nachricht sowie Einrichtungen zum Erzeugen der Nachricht mit einem Eingang zum Zuführen der Umkehrung der verschlüsselten Nachricht und einem Ausgang zum Erzeugen der Nachricht, wobei es auf rechnerischem Wege unmöglich ist, den geheimen Entschlüsselungscode aus dem öffentlichen Verschlüsselungscode zu erzeugen, und wobei es unmöglich ist, die Verschlüsselungstransforination auf rechnerischem Wege umzukehren, ohne daß der geheime Entschlüsselungscode zur Verfügung steht.
- 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zu den Einrichtungen zum Umkehren der VerSchlüsselungstransformation Einrichtungen zum Berechnen vonS1 = 1/w * S mod mgehören, daß zu den Einrichtungen zum Erzeugen der Nachricht Einrichtungen gehören, mittels welcher x. gleich dem ganzzahligen Teil von[S' - X χ * a./1/a.'gesetzt wird, wobei i = n, n-1,...1, wobei m und w große ganze Zahlen sind und w modulo-m-umkehrbar ist, wobei S' die Umkehrung der verschlüsselten Nachricht S ist, die durch die VerschlüsselungstransformationS = a * χdefiniert ist, wobei die Nachricht als n-dimensionaler Vektor χ dargestellt wird, bei dem jedes Element x. eine ganze Zahl zwischen 0 und 1 ist, wobei 1 eine ganze Zahl ist, wobei der öffentliche Verschlüsselungscode durch einen n-dimensionalen Vektor a dargestellt wird, dessen Elemente a durch die Gleichunga.. = (w * a.» mod m) + km (mit i = 1, 2, .. .n)909819/0603ORIGINAL INSPECTEDwobei k und η ganze Zahlen sind und sich der geheime Entschlüsselungscode aus m, w und a1 zusammensetzt, wobei a1 ein n-dimensionaler Vektor ist, dessen Elemente für i = 1, 2, ... η durch den Ausdruck'> 1 T a0=1bestimmt sind.
- 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zu den Einrichtungen zum Umkehren der Verschlüsselungstransformation Einrichtungen zum Berechnen vonS' = bS mod mgehören, und daß zu den Einrichtungen zum Erzeugen der Nachricht Einrichtungen gehören, die dazu dienen, X1 nur dann gleich 1 zu setzen, wenn der Quotient S'/a^ eine ganze Zahl ist, und x^ gleich 0 zu setzen, wenn dieser Quotient keine ganze Zahl ist, wobei b und m große ganze Zahlen sind und m eine Primzahl ist, so daßm> % a.'
i=1 xwobei η eine ganze Zahl ist und sich der geheime Entschlüsselungscode aus b, m und a1 zusammensetzt, wobei a1 ein n-dimensionaler Vektor ist, bei dem jedes Element a.' eine relative Primzahl ist, und wobei S1 die Umkehrung der verschlüsselten Nachricht S ist, die durch die Verschlüsselungstransformation. S = a * χdefiniert ist, wobei die Nachricht als n-dimensionaler Vektor χ dargestellt wird, bei dem jedes Element x^ eine 0 oder eine 1 ist, und wobei der öffentliche Verschlüsselungscode durch den n-dimensionalen Vektor a dargestellt wird, dessen Elemente a durch die Gleichunga± = log^ a^ mod m (für i = 1,2,...n) definiert sind.909819/0603 - 4. Vorrichtung zum Verschlüsseln einer Nachricht, die über einen ungesicherten Nachrichtenübertragungskanal übermittelt werden soll, der einen Eingang zum Zuführen einer geheimzuhaltenden Nachricht aufweist, ferner einen weiteren Eingang zum Zuführen eines öffentlichen Verschlüsselungscodes sowie einen Ausgang zum Erzeugen der verschlüsselten Nachricht, gekennzeichnet durch Einrichtungen zum Empfangen der Nachricht und zum Umwandeln der Nachricht in eine Vektordarstellung der Nachricht, Einrichtungen zum Empfangen des öffentlichen Verschlüsselungscodes und zum Umwandeln des öffentlichen Verschlüsselungscodes in eine Vektordarstellung desselben sowie Einrichtungen zum Erzeugen der verschlüsselten Nachricht durch Berechnen des inneren Produktes der Vektordarstellung der Nachricht und der Vektordarstellung des öffentlichen Verschlüsselungscodes mit einem Eingang zum Aufnehmen der Vektordarstellung der Nachricht, einem weiteren Eingang zum Aufnehmen der Vektordarstellung des öffentlichen Verschlüsselungscodes und einem Ausgang zum Erzeugen der verschlüsselten Nachricht.
- 5. Verfahren für den zugriffssicheren Nachrichtenverkehr über einen ungesicherten Nachrichtenübertragungskanal derjenigen Art, bei welcher eine Nachricht von einem Sender zu einem Empfänger übermittelt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß bei dem Empfänger ein geheimer Entschlüsselungscode erzeugt wird, daß bei dem Empfänger ein öffentlicher Entschlüsselungscode derart erzeugt wird, daß es unmöglich ist, auf rechnerischem Wege den geheimen Entschlüsselungscode aus dem öffentlichen Verschlüsselungscode zu erzeugen, daß der öffentliche Verschlüsselungscode von dem Empfänger zu dem Sender übermittelt wird, daß die Nachricht und der öffentliche Verschlüsselungscode bei dem Sender empfangen werden, daß eine verschlüsselte Nachricht durch eine Verschlüsselungstransformation derart erzeugt wird, daß es unmöglich ist, die Verschlüsselungstransformation909819/0603derart erzeugt wird, daß es unmöglich ist, die Verschlüsselungstransformation auf rechnerischem Wege umzukehren, ohne daß der geheime Entschlüsselungscode zur Verfügung steht, daß die verschlüsselte Nachricht von dem Sender zu dem Empfänger übermittelt wird, und daß die verschlüsselte Nachricht und der geheime Entschlüsselungscode durch den Empfänger empfangen v/erden, und daß die verschlüsselte Nachricht mit Hilfe des geheimen Entschlüsselungscodes transformiert wird, um die Nachricht zu erzeugen.
- 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5> dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Identität des Empfängers gegenüber dem Sender durch die Fähigkeit des Empfängers, die verschlüsselte Nachricht zu entschlüsseln, authentisiert wird.
- 7. Verfahren für die zugriffssichere Übermittlung von Nachrichten über einen ungesicherten Nachrichtenübertragungskanal derjenigen Art, bei welcher eine Nachricht von einem Sender zu einem Empfänger übermittelt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet/, daß am Standort des Senders ein geheimer Schlüssel erzeugt wird, daß am Standort des Senders ein öffentlicher Schlüssel derart erzeugt wird, daß es unmöglich ist, auf rechnerischem Wege den geheimen Schlüssel aus dem öffentlichen Schlüssel zu erzeugen, daß die Nachricht und der geheime Schlüssel am Standort des Senders empfangen werden, daß eine Nachrichtenquittung derart erzeugt wird., daß es unmöglich ist, die Nachrichtenquittung auf rechnerischem Wege aus dem öffentlichen Schlüssel zu erzeugen, daß der öffentliche Schlüssel und die Nachrichtenquittung von dem Sender zu dem Empfänger übermittelt werden, daß der öffentliche Schlüssel und die Nachrichtenquittung am Standort des Empfängers empfangen v/erden, daß die Nachrichtenquittung mit dem öffentlichen Schlüssel transformiert wird, um eine transformierte Nachrichtenquittung zu erzeugen und daß die transformierte Nachrichtenquittung durch eine Redundanzprüfung auf ihre Gültigkeit geprüft wird.9098 1 9/0603
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US05/839,939 US4218582A (en) | 1977-10-06 | 1977-10-06 | Public key cryptographic apparatus and method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2843583A1 true DE2843583A1 (de) | 1979-05-10 |
DE2843583C2 DE2843583C2 (de) | 1982-06-03 |
Family
ID=25281034
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2843583A Expired DE2843583C2 (de) | 1977-10-06 | 1978-10-05 | Verfahren für den zugriffsicheren Nachrichtenverkehr über einen ungesicherten Nachrichtenübertragungskanal |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4218582A (de) |
JP (1) | JPS5950068B2 (de) |
AU (1) | AU519184B2 (de) |
BE (1) | BE871039A (de) |
CA (1) | CA1128159A (de) |
CH (1) | CH634161A5 (de) |
DE (1) | DE2843583C2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES474539A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2405532B1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB2006580B (de) |
IT (1) | IT1099780B (de) |
NL (1) | NL7810063A (de) |
SE (1) | SE439225B (de) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4218582A (en) | 1980-08-19 |
ES474539A1 (es) | 1980-04-16 |
CH634161A5 (fr) | 1983-01-14 |
AU519184B2 (en) | 1981-11-12 |
JPS5488703A (en) | 1979-07-14 |
FR2405532A1 (fr) | 1979-05-04 |
IT7828508A0 (it) | 1978-10-06 |
DE2843583C2 (de) | 1982-06-03 |
FR2405532B1 (fr) | 1985-10-11 |
AU4041878A (en) | 1980-04-17 |
BE871039A (fr) | 1979-04-05 |
SE7810478L (sv) | 1979-04-07 |
GB2006580B (en) | 1982-08-18 |
CA1128159A (en) | 1982-07-20 |
JPS5950068B2 (ja) | 1984-12-06 |
SE439225B (sv) | 1985-06-03 |
IT1099780B (it) | 1985-09-28 |
NL7810063A (nl) | 1979-04-10 |
GB2006580A (en) | 1979-05-02 |
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